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Yang X, Liu H, Cheng S, Pan C, Cai Q, Chu X, Shi S, Wei W, He D, Cheng B, Wen Y, Jia Y, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Zhang F. Potential involvement of connective tissue growth factor in chondrocytes apoptosis of Kashin-Beck disease. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 285:117148. [PMID: 39369662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 09/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic osteoarthropathy characterized by excessive chondrocytes apoptosis. T-2 toxin exposure has been proved to be its etiology. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) exerts a profound influence on cartilage growth and metabolism. We investigated the potential role of CTGF in KBD development and examined CTGF alterations under T-2 toxin stimulation. METHODS The levels of CTGF and chondrocyte apoptosis-related markers in cartilage and primary chondrocytes from KBD and control groups were measured using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. We analyzed expression changes of these genes in response to T-2 toxin. Apoptosis rates of chondrocytes induced by T-2 toxin were measured by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. The active pharmaceutical ingredient targeting CTGF was screened through Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, and molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Tools. RESULTS The CTGF levels in KBD cartilage and chondrocytes were significantly elevated and positively associated with the levels of apoptosis-related genes. T-2 toxin exposure increased CTGF and apoptosis-related gene levels in chondrocytes, with apoptosis rates rising alongside T-2 toxin concentration. Curcumin was identified as targeting CTGF and exhibited effective binding. It could down-regulate CTGF, apoptosis-related genes, such as Cleaved caspase 3 and BAX, and also significantly reduce apoptosis rate in chondrocytes treated with T-2 toxin. CONCLUSION CTGF plays a crucial role in the development of KBD. Curcumin has shown potential in inhibiting CTGF levels and reducing chondrocyte apoptosis, highlighting its promise as a therapeutic agent for preventing cartilage damage in KBD. Our findings provided valuable insights into the pathogenesis of KBD and could promote the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Yang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chuyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingqing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoge Chu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sirong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenming Wei
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan He
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2-4, Moscow 119146, Russia; Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Sovetskaya Str. 14, Yaroslavl 150000, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., 2-4, Moscow 119146, Russia; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Yu FF, Yu SY, Sun L, Zuo J, Luo KT, Wang M, Fu XL, Zhang F, Huang H, Zhou GY, Wang YJ, Ba Y. T-2 toxin induces mitochondrial dysfunction in chondrocytes via the p53-cyclophilin D pathway. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133090. [PMID: 38039814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Kashin-Beck disease is an endemic joint disease characterized by deep chondrocyte necrosis, and T-2 toxin exposure has been confirmed its etiology. This study investigated mechanism of T-2 toxin inducing mitochondrial dysfunction of chondrocytes through p53-cyclophilin D (CypD) pathway. The p53 signaling pathway was significantly enriched in T-2 toxin response genes from GeneCards. We demonstrated the upregulation of the p53 protein and p53-CypD complex in rat articular cartilage and ATDC5 cells induced by T-2 toxin. Transmission electron microscopy showed the damaged mitochondrial structure of ATDC5 cells induced by T-2 toxin. Furthermore, it can lead to overopening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased reactive oxygen species generation in ATDC5 cells. Pifithrin-α, the p53 inhibitor, alleviated the increased p53-CypD complex and mitochondrial dysfunction of chondrocytes induced by T-2 toxin, suggesting that p53 played an important role in T-2 toxin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Mechanistically, T-2 toxin can activate the p53 protein, which can be transferred to the mitochondrial membrane and form a complex with CypD. The increased binding of p53 and CypD mediated the excessive opening of mPTP, changed mitochondrial membrane permeability, and ultimately induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis of chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shui-Yuan Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Juan Zuo
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Kang-Ting Luo
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Li Fu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hui Huang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Guo-Yu Zhou
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yan-Jie Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yue Ba
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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Wu Y, Gong Y, Liu Y, Chen F, Chen S, Zhang F, Wang C, Li S, Hu M, Huang R, Guo X, Wang X, Ning Y, Yang L. Comparative Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Chondrocytes from Rats Exposed to Low Selenium and T-2 Toxin. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1020-1030. [PMID: 37326932 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03725-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to construct rat models of environmental risk factors for Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) with low selenium and T-2 toxin levels and to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the rat models exposed to environmental risk factors. The Se-deficient (SD) group and T-2 toxin exposure (T-2) group were constructed. Knee joint samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and cartilage tissue damage was observed. Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect the gene expression profiles of the rat models in each group. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis were performed and five differential gene expression results were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR). A total of 124 DEGs were identified from the SD group, including 56 upregulated genes and 68 downregulated genes. A total of 135 DEGs were identified in the T-2 group, including 68 upregulated genes and 67 downregulated genes. The DEGs were significantly enriched in 4 KEGG pathways in the SD group and 9 KEGG pathways in the T-2 group. The expression levels of Dbp, Pc, Selenow, Rpl30, and Mt2A were consistent with the results of transcriptome sequencing by qRT‒PCR. The results of this study confirmed that there were some differences in DEGs between the SD group and the T-2 group and provided new evidence for further exploration of the etiology and pathogenesis of KBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Feihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaowei Wang
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujin Li
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhan Hu
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitian Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Endemic Disease of Shaanxi Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xi Wu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yujie Ning
- School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Deng TT, Ding WY, Lu XX, Zhang QH, Du JX, Wang LJ, Yang MN, Yin Y, Liu FJ. Pharmacological and mechanistic aspects of quercetin in osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1338951. [PMID: 38333006 PMCID: PMC10851760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1338951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a bone disease associated with increasing age. Currently, the most common medications used to treat OP are anabolic agents, anti-resorptive agents, and medications with other mechanisms of action. However, many of these medications have unfavorable adverse effects or are not intended for long-term use, potentially exerting a severe negative impact on a patient's life and career and placing a heavy burden on families and society. There is an urgent need to find new drugs that can replace these and have fewer adverse effects. Quercetin (Que) is a common flavonol in nature. Numerous studies have examined the therapeutic applications of Que. However, a comprehensive review of the anti-osteoporotic effects of Que has not yet been conducted. This review aimed to describe the recent studies on the anti-osteoporotic effects of Que, including its biological, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological properties. The outcomes demonstrated that Que could enhance OP by increasing osteoblast differentiation and activity and reducing osteoclast differentiation and activity via the pathways of Wnt/β-catenin, BMP/SMAD/RUNX2, OPG/RANKL/RANK, ERK/JNK, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and transcription factors. Thus, Que is a promising novel drug for the treatment of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Yu Ding
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xi-Xue Lu
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qing-Hao Zhang
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jin-Xin Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Mei-Na Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fan-Jie Liu
- Bone Biomechanics Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Ma W, Tan X, Xie Z, Yu J, Li P, Lin X, Ouyang S, Liu Z, Hou Q, Xie N, Peng T, Li L, Dai Z, Chen X, Xie W. P53: A Key Target in the Development of Osteoarthritis. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:1-10. [PMID: 37154864 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00736-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic degenerative disease characterized mainly by damage to the articular cartilage, is increasingly relevant to the pathological processes of senescence, apoptosis, autophagy, proliferation, and differentiation of chondrocytes. Clinical strategies for osteoarthritis can only improve symptoms and even along with side effects due to age, sex, disease, and other factors. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new ideas and targets for current clinical treatment. The tumor suppressor gene p53, which has been identified as a potential target for tumor therapeutic intervention, is responsible for the direct induction of the pathological processes involved in OA modulation. Consequently, deciphering the characteristics of p53 in chondrocytes is essential for investigating OA pathogenesis due to p53 regulation in an array of signaling pathways. This review highlights the effects of p53 on senescence, apoptosis, and autophagy of chondrocytes and its role in the development of OA. It also elucidates the underlying mechanism of p53 regulation in OA, which may help provide a novel strategies for the clinical treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Ma
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tan
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongcheng Xie
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Pin Li
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Siyu Ouyang
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Hou
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Tianhong Peng
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Li
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhu Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Hengyang Medical School, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Wei Xie
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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Zhou N, Mao F, Cheng S. Mechanism Research and Application for Ginsenosides in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:7214037. [PMID: 38027042 PMCID: PMC10667047 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7214037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenosides, the main active pharmacological ingredients of ginseng, have been widely used for the treatment of numerous carcinomas. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is 3rd leading malignant tumor in terms of mortality worldwide. Accumulating evidence indicates that ginsenosides play a vital role in the prevention and treatment of HCC. Ginsenosides can significantly improve the symptoms of HCC, and their anticancer activity is mainly involved in inhibiting proliferation and migration, inducing cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, promoting caspase-3 and 8-mediated apoptosis, regulating autophagy related to Atg5, Atg7, Atg12, LC3-II, and PI3K/Akt pathways, and lowering invasion and metastasis associated with decreased nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and MMP-2/9, increasing IL-2 and IFN-γ levels to enhance immune function, as well as regulating the gut-liver axis. In addition, ginsenosides can be used as an adjuvant to conventional cancer therapies, enhancing sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs, and improving efficacy and/or reducing adverse reactions through synergistic effects. Therefore, the current manuscript discusses the mechanism and application of ginsenosides in HCC. It is hoped to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of HCC with ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Zhou
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Feifei Mao
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shuqun Cheng
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Han B, Luo J, Xu B. Insights into the Chemical Compositions and Health Promoting Effects of Wild Edible Mushroom Chroogomphus rutilus. Nutrients 2023; 15:4030. [PMID: 37764813 PMCID: PMC10537009 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chroogomphus rutilus is an edible mushroom that has been an important food source since ancient times. It is increasingly sought after for its unique flavor and medicinal value. It is one of the most important wild mushrooms for its medicinal and economic value. C. rutilus contains a variety of active ingredients such as vitamins, proteins, minerals, polysaccharides, and phenolics. C. rutilus and its active compounds have significant anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anti-fatigue, hypoglycemic, gastroprotective, hypolipemic, and neuronal protective properties. This paper summarizes the fungal chemical compositions and health-promoting effects of C. rutilus by collecting the literature on the role of C. rutilus through its active ingredients from websites such as Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Current research on C. rutilus is limited to the cellular and animal levels, and further clinical trials are needed to conduct and provide theoretical support for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bincheng Han
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Jinhai Luo
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
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Yu F, Luo K, Wang M, Luo J, Sun L, Yu S, Zuo J, Wang Y. Selenomethionine Antagonized microRNAs Involved in Apoptosis of Rat Articular Cartilage Induced by T-2 Toxin. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:496. [PMID: 37624253 PMCID: PMC10467099 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin and selenium deficiency are considered important etiologies of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), although the exact mechanism is still unclear. To identify differentially expressed microRNAs (DE-miRNAs) in the articular cartilage of rats exposed to T-2 toxin and selenomethionine (SeMet) supplementation, thirty-six 4-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were divided into a control group (gavaged with 4% anhydrous ethanol), a T-2 group (gavaged with 100 ng/g·bw/day T-2 toxin), and a T-2 + SeMet group (gavaged with 100 ng/g·bw/day T-2 toxin and 0.5 mg/kg·bw/day SeMet), respectively. Toluidine blue staining was performed to detect the pathological changes of articular cartilage. Three rats per group were randomly selected for high-throughput sequencing of articular cartilage. Target genes of DE-miRNAs were predicted using miRanda and RNAhybrid databases, and the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway were enriched. The network map of miRNA-target genes was constructed using Cytoscape software. The expression profiles of miRNAs associated with KBD were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Additionally, the DE-miRNAs were selected for real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) verification. Toluidine blue staining demonstrated that T-2 toxin damaged articular cartilage and SeMet effectively alleviated articular cartilage lesions. A total of 50 DE-miRNAs (28 upregulated and 22 downregulated) in the T-2 group vs. the control group, 18 DE-miRNAs (6 upregulated and 12 downregulated) in the T-2 + SeMet group vs. the control group, and 25 DE-miRNAs (5 upregulated and 20 downregulated) in the T-2 + SeMet group vs. the T-2 group were identified. Enrichment analysis showed the target genes of DE-miRNAs were associated with apoptosis, and in the MAPK and TGF-β signaling pathways in the T-2 group vs. the control group. However, the pathway of apoptosis was not significant in the T-2 + SeMet group vs. the control group. These results indicated that T-2 toxin induced apoptosis, whereas SeMet supplementation antagonized apoptosis. Apoptosis and autophagy occurred simultaneously in the T-2 + SeMet group vs. T-2 group, and autophagy may inhibit apoptosis to protect cartilage. Compared with the GSE186593 dataset, the evidence of miR-133a-3p involved in apoptosis was more abundant. The results of RT-qPCR validation were consistent with RNA sequencing results. Our findings suggested that apoptosis was involved in articular cartilage lesions induced by T-2 toxin, whereas SeMet supplementation antagonized apoptosis, and that miR-133a-3p most probably played a central role in the apoptosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.Y.); (K.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (S.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Kangting Luo
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.Y.); (K.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (S.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.Y.); (K.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (S.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jincai Luo
- Sanmenxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sanmenxia 472000, China;
| | - Lei Sun
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.Y.); (K.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (S.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Shuiyuan Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.Y.); (K.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (S.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Juan Zuo
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.Y.); (K.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (S.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yanjie Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.Y.); (K.L.); (M.W.); (L.S.); (S.Y.); (J.Z.)
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9
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Shi Y, Shao X, Sun M, Ma J, Li B, Zou N, Li F. MiR-140 is involved in T-2 toxin-induced matrix degradation of articular cartilage. Toxicon 2023; 222:106987. [PMID: 36462649 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.106987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is one of the most toxic mycotoxins contaminating various grains. It is considered an environmental risk factor for Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), an endemic degenerative osteochondrosis. Currently, the underlying molecular mechanisms of articular cartilage damage caused by T-2 toxin have not been elucidated. Studies have shown that miR-140 is essential for cartilage formation, and extracellular matrix (EMC) synthesis and degradation. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of miR-140 involvement in T-2 toxin-induced articular cartilage damage. Two treatment groups, each containing wild-type mice and miR-140 knockout mice were administered with T-2 toxin (200 ng/g BW/day) or a normal diet for 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. Results showed that T-2 toxin caused articular cartilage and growth plate damage in mice. The expression of miR-140 decreased in articular cartilage of wild-type mice treated with T-2 toxin, and miR-140 deficiency aggravated T-2 toxin-induced knee cartilage damage. T-2 toxin-caused the reduction of miR-140 expression was consistent with collagen type II (COL2A1), aggrecan (ACAN), and SRY-box containing gene 9 (SOX9) and opposite to matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 5 (ADAMTS-5), and v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (RALA). In addition, we collected finger joints cartilage and knee joints cartilage from KBD patients and controls for paraffin embedding and sectioning. Results found that the expression of miR-140 in the articular cartilage of the KBD group was lower than that of the control group. The expression of COL2A1, ACAN, and SOX9 decreased, whereas ADAMTS-5, MMP13, and RALA increased in the articular cartilage of the KBD group. These results revealed that miR-140 might be involved in T-2 toxin-induced degradation of the ECM of articular cartilage. Moreover, the occurrence of KBD might be related to the decreased expression of miR-140 in articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Shi
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/ Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xinhua Shao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/ Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Mengyi Sun
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/ Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Bingsu Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/ Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ning Zou
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/ Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Fuyuan Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/ Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (23618504), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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10
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Zhang J, Liu X, Su Y, Li T. An update on T2-toxins: metabolism, immunotoxicity mechanism and human assessment exposure of intestinal microbiota. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10012. [PMID: 35928103 PMCID: PMC9344027 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are naturally produced secondary metabolites or low molecular organic compounds produced by fungus with high diversification, which cause mycotoxicosis (food contamination) in humans and animals. T-2 toxin is simply one of the metabolites belonging to fungi trichothecene mycotoxin. Specifically, Trichothecenes-2 (T-2) mycotoxin of genus fusarium is considered one of the most hotspot agricultural commodities and carcinogenic compounds worldwide. There are well-known examples of salmonellosis in mice and pigs, necrotic enteritis in chickens, catfish enteric septicemia and colibacillosis in pigs as T-2 toxic agent. On the other hand, it has shown a significant reduction in the Salmonella population's aptitude in the pig intestinal tract. Although the impact of the excess Fusarium contaminants on humans in creating infectious illness is less well-known, some toxins are harmful; for example, salmonellosis and colibacillosis have been frequently observed in humans. More than 20 different metabolites are synthesized and excreted after ingestion, but the T-2 toxin is one of the most protuberant metabolites. Less absorption of mycotoxins in intestinal tract results in biotransformation of toxic metabolites into less toxic variants. In addition to these, effects of microbiota on harmful mycotoxins are not limited to intestinal tract, it may harm the other human vital organs. However, detoxification of microbiota is considered as an alternative way to decontaminate the feed for both animals and humans. These transformations of toxic metabolites depend upon the formation of metabolites. This study is complete in all perspectives regarding interactions between microbiota and mycotoxins, their mechanism and practical applications based on experimental studies.
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11
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Li J, Wang Y, Deng Y, Wang X, Wu W, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Kuca K. Toxic mechanisms of the trichothecenes T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol on protein synthesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 164:113044. [PMID: 35452771 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The toxic mechanisms of trichothecenes, including T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON), are closely related with their effects on protein synthesis. Increasing lines of evidence show that T-2 toxin can reduce the levels of tight junction proteins, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) by disrupting cellular barriers and the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) and Nrf2/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 pathways. Moreover, it can inhibit aggrecan synthesis, thus causing Kashin-Beck disease. Regarding type B trichothecene, DON inhibits activation marker and β-catenin synthesis by acting on immune cells and the wingless/integrated (Wnt) pathway; it also inhibits cell proliferation and immune surveillance. In addition, DON has been shown to destroy tight junctions, glucose transport, and tumor endothelial marker 8, thus disturbing intestinal function and changing cell migration. This review summarizes the inhibitory effects of the trichothecenes T-2 toxin and DON on different protein synthesis, while discussing their underlying mechanisms. Focus is given to the effects of these toxins on tight junctions, aggrecan, activation markers, and hormones including testosterone under the influence of steroidogenic enzymes. This review can extend the current understanding of the effects of trichothecenes on protein synthesis and help to further understand their toxic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Yating Wang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Ying Deng
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Wenda Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, 50003, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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12
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Chou WC, Tsai KL, Hsieh PL, Wu CH, Jou IM, Tu YK, Ma CH. Galectin-3 facilitates inflammation and apoptosis in chondrocytes through upregulation of the TLR-4-mediated oxidative stress pathway in TC28a2 human chondrocyte cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:478-488. [PMID: 34894372 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease. The pathological changes of chondrocytes involve oxidative stress, the pro-inflammatory response, and pro-apoptotic events. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a 35 kDa protein with a special chimeric structure. Gal-3 participates in the progression of many diseases, such as cancer metastasis and heart failure. A previous study demonstrated that Gal-3 expression in human cartilage with OA is increased. However, the role of Gal-3 in chondrocyte dysfunction in joints is still unclear. In this study, we applied Gal-3 (5-20 μg/ml) to TC28a2 human chondrocyte cells for 24 h to induce chondrocyte dysfunction. We found that Gal-3 upregulated TLR-4 and MyD88 expression and NADPH oxidase, thereby increasing intracellular ROS in the chondrocytes. Gal-3 increased phosphorylated MEK1/2 and ERK levels, and promoted NF-κB activity. This activation of NF-κB was reduced by silencing TLR-4 and NOX-2. In addition, Gal-3 caused apoptosis of chondrocytes through the mitochondrial-dependent pathway via the TLR-4/NADPH oxidase/MAPK axis. Our study proves the pathogenic role of Gal-3 in Gal-3-induced chondrocyte dysfunction and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ching Chou
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ling Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hsien Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Kun Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hou Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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13
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Zhang Y, Li Z, He Y, Liu Y, Mi G, Chen J. T-2 toxin induces articular cartilage damage by increasing the expression of MMP-13 via the TGF-β receptor pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221075555. [PMID: 35213812 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221075555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin pre-disposes individuals to osteoarthritis, Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). The major pathological change associated with KBD is the degradation of the articular cartilage matrix. Herein, we investigated the key molecules that regulate T-2 toxin-mediated cartilage degradation. Potential KBD treatments were also investigated. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into the T-2 toxin group and the control group. The T-2 toxin group received 100 ng/g BW/day, whereas the control group received a similar dose of PBS. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and TGF-β receptor I/II (TGF-βRI/II) was analyzed using immunohistochemical staining. C28/I2 chondrocytes were exposed to TGF-βRI/II binding inhibitor (GW788388) for 24 h before incubation in different T-2 toxin concentrations (0, 6, 12, and 24 ng/mL for 72 h). The expression of mRNA for TGF-βRI/II, MMP-13 and proteins for MMP-13, and Smad-2 in chondrocytes were analyzed using RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Safranin O staining revealed that T-2 toxin treatment modulated the expression of articular cartilage matrix. On the other hand, T-2 toxin treatment sharply increased the expression of MMP-13, TGF-βRI, and TGF-βRII in the rat cartilages. Interestingly, blocking the TGF-βRs-smad 2 signaling pathway using GW788388 abrogated the effect of T-2 toxin on upregulating MMP-13 expression. The expression of MMP-13 in chondrocytes induced with T-2 toxin is regulated via the TGF-βRs signaling pathway. As such, inhibiting the expression of TGF-βRs is a potential KBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, 12480Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R China.,School of Nursing, Health Science Center, RINGGOLDID: 12480Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- School of Public Health, 12480Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R China.,Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan 'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ying He
- School of Public Health, 12480Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R China
| | - Yinan Liu
- School of Public Health, 12480Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R China
| | - Ge Mi
- School of Public Health, 12480Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- School of Public Health, 12480Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, and Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R China
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14
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Zhang B, Huang C, Lu Q, Liang H, Li J, Xu D. Involvement of caspase in patulin-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Toxicon 2021; 206:64-73. [PMID: 34968565 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) a kind of mycotoxin, is a widely disseminated mycotoxin found in agricultural products and could cause liver damage. However, evidence on the underlying mechanisms of patulin is still lacking. In the present study, Human liver cancer cells (HepG2) together with a mouse model were used to explore the possible effect and mechanism. The results demonstrated that PAT treatment inhibited cell proliferation and caused liver toxicity in mice. In vitro, PAT inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner and a time-dependent manner; lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) production increased and the level of SOD and GSH in cells changed significantly. In vivo, Kunming mice were treated with PAT(2.5-15 μM), We indicated that liver damage are observed. The activity of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were increased significantly, the hepatocyte nucleus stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) was blurred and deformed. we also explored the lipid peroxidation and enzymes related to redox and found that the activities of SOD in animals do not change significantly, not like that in cells, while GSHpx played a major role. In addition, we measured the caspase activity of cells and the expression of caspase in mice. PAT-induced the caspase cascade was confirmed with the elevation of the activity and expression of caspase. These data suggest that PAT treatment altered both the redox systems in cells and animals. involvement of caspase in patulin-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baigang Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China.
| | - Chenghui Huang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China.
| | - Qikun Lu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Hairong Liang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Jinliang Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China
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15
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Shi T, Fu X, Wang F, Zhang X, Cai Y, Wu X, Sun L. The WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway induces chondrocyte apoptosis in the cartilage injury caused by T-2 toxin in rats. Toxicon 2021; 204:14-20. [PMID: 34742779 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether the WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway is involved in paediatric Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and T-2-toxin-induced cartilage injury in rats to better understand the mechanism of KBD. One hundred twenty-two children were selected and assigned to the case (31), internal control (41), and external control (50) groups. The serum β-catenin and bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2)levels in each group were measured and compared. Thirty-six rats were randomly assigned to three groups, which received no intervention, T-2 toxin, or solvent. After 18 weeks, the expression of LDL receptor related proteins 5 (LRP5), β-catenin, BMP2, BAX, BCL2, APAF1, and caspase 9 was measured and compared. The serum BMP2 levels were significantly elevated in the children with KBD and in the rats treated with T-2 toxin. In the T-2 toxin group, LRP5 and β-catenin expression was reduced, whereas BAX, APAF1, and caspase 9 expression was increased. In conclusion, the WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway is suppressed in KBD, which induces chondrocyte apoptosis, leading to cartilage injury. Therefore, BMP2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of KBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongkun Shi
- School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fu
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yun Cai
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xianhao Wu
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
| | - Liyan Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China; Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University; Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & Ministry of Health (23618504), Harbin, 150081, China.
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16
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Liu YN, Mu YD, Wang H, Zhang M, Shi YW, Mi G, Peng LX, Chen JH. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway mediates T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte apoptosis. Toxicology 2021; 464:152989. [PMID: 34673134 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin leads to chondrocyte apoptosis and excessive extracellular matrix degradation. The aim of this study is to investigate if endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) - initiated apoptosis is involved in the chondrocyte damage induced by T-2 toxin. In vivo, rats were divided into a control group, T-2 toxin 200 ng/g BW/d group, the protein levels of GRP78, CHOP, and caspase-12 were detected using immunohistochemistry in articular cartilage tissues. In vitro, C28/I2 and ATDC5 chondrocytes were treated with various concentrations of T-2 toxin. For the salubrinal protection assay, cells were pretreated with 20 μM salubrinal for 1 h, and treated with and without T-2 toxin for 24 h. The cell viability was determined using the MTT assay; and the cell apoptosis was determined using the Flow Cytometry Assay; the mRNA and protein levels of the ERS markers and ECM were determined using RT-PCR and western blotting. This study found that the expressions of GRP78, CHOP, and caspase-12 is higher in T-2 toxin group than in control group both in vivo and in vitro, and the T-2 toxin administration promoted chondrocyte apoptosis, suppressed matrix synthesis, and accelerated cellular catabolism via the ERS signaling pathway. In addition, this study found that salubrinal prevented chondrocyte injury by inhibiting ERS-mediated apoptosis via the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway. Collectively, this study provides a new clue to elucidate the mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte damage, and presents a novel therapeutic possibility of salubrinal for Osteoarthropathy such as osteoarthritis (OA) and Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Dong Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Wen Shi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ge Mi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei-Xuan Peng
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing-Hong Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Hanna DH, R. Saad G. Induction of mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells by folic acid coated tin oxide nanoparticles. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258115. [PMID: 34597348 PMCID: PMC8486119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to prepare folic acid coated tin oxide nanoparticles (FA-SnO2 NPs) for specifically targeting human ovarian cancer cells with minimum side effects against normal cells. METHODS The prepared FA-SnO2 NPs were characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and TEM. The inhibition effects of FA-SnO2 NPs against SKOV3 cancer cell were tested by MTT and LDH assay. Apoptosis induction in FA-SnO2 NPs treated SKOV3 cells were investigated using Annexin V/PI, AO/EB and Comet assays and the possible mechanisms of the cytotoxic action were studied by Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, Immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting analyses. The effects of FA-SnO2 NPs on reactive oxygen species generation in SKOV3 cells were also examined. Additionally, the safety of utilization FA-SnO2 NPs were studied in vivo using Wister rats. RESULTS The obtained FA-SnO2 NPs displayed amorphous spherical morphology with an average diameter of 157 nm and a zeta potential value of -24 mV. Comparing to uncoated SnO2 NPs, FA-SnO2 NPs had a superior inhibition effect towards SKOV3 cell growth that was suggested to be mediated through higher reactive oxygen species generation. It was showed that FA-SnO2 NPs increased significantly the % of apoptotic cells in the sub- G1 and G2/M phases with a higher intensity comet nucleus in SKOV3 treated cells. Furthermore, FA-SnO2 NPs was significantly increased the expression levels of P53, Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3 and accompanied with a significant decrease of Bcl-2 in the treated SKOV3 cells. CONCLUSION Overall, the results suggested that an increase in cellular FA-SnO2 NPs internalization resulted in a significant induced cytotoxicity in SKOV3 cancer cells in dose-dependent mode through ROS-mediated cell apoptosis that may have occurred through mitochondrial pathway. Additionally, the results confirmed the safety of utilization FA-SnO2 NPs against living systems. So, FA-SnO2 NPs with a specific targeting moiety may be a promising therapeutic candidate for human ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demiana H. Hanna
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal R. Saad
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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18
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Zhang Y, Liu H, Lin X, Zhang F, Meng P, Tan S, Lammi MJ, Guo X. Dysregulation of Cells Cycle and Apoptosis in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Chondrocytes Through p53 Pathway by HT-2 Toxin: An in vitro Study. Front Genet 2021; 12:677723. [PMID: 34421989 PMCID: PMC8371750 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.677723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Kashin–Beck disease (KBD) mainly damages growth plate of adolescents and is susceptible to both gene and gene–environmental risk factors. HT-2 toxin, which is a primary metabolite of T-2 toxin, was regarded as one of the environmental risk factors of KBD. We used successfully generated KBD human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and control hiPSCs, which carry different genetic information. They have potential significance in exploring the effects of HT-2 toxin on hiPSC chondrocytes and interactive genes with HT-2 toxin for the purpose of providing a cellular disease model for KBD. In this study, we gave HT-2 toxin treatment to differentiating hiPSC chondrocytes in order to investigate the different responses of KBD hiPSC chondrocytes and control hiPSC chondrocytes to HT-2 toxin. The morphology of HT-2 toxin-treated hiPSC chondrocytes investigated by transmission electron microscope clearly showed that the ultrastructure of organelles was damaged and type II collagen expression in hiPSC chondrocytes was downregulated by HT-2 treatment. Moreover, dysregulation of cell cycle was observed; and p53, p21, and CKD6 gene expressions were dysregulated in hiPSC chondrocytes after T-2 toxin treatment. Flow cytometry also demonstrated that there were significantly increased amounts of late apoptotic cells in KBD hiPSC chondrocytes and that the mRNA expression level of Fas was upregulated. In addition, KBD hiPSC chondrocytes presented stronger responses to HT-2 toxin than control hiPSC chondrocytes. These findings confirmed that HT-2 is an environmental risk factor of KBD and that p53 pathway interacted with HT-2 toxin, causing damaged ultrastructure of organelles, accelerating cell cycle in G1 phase, and increasing late apoptosis in KBD hiPSC chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, China
| | - Xialu Lin
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng'e Zhang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, China
| | - Peilin Meng
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, China
| | - Sijia Tan
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, China
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission and Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, China
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19
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Wu S, Yu W, Jiang X, Huang R, Zhang X, Lan J, Zhong G, Wan F, Tang Z, Hu L. Protective effects of curcumin on ATO-induced nephrotoxicity in ducks in relation to suppressed autophagy, apoptosis and dyslipidemia by regulating oxidative stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 219:112350. [PMID: 34022626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been known as common environmental pollution, and is deemed to a threat to global public health. Curcumin (Cur) is a phytoconstituent, which has been demonstrated to have antioxidant effects. In the current experiment, we investigated the efficacy of Cur against ATO-induced kidney injury and explored the potential molecular mechanisms that have not yet been fully elucidated in ducks. The results showed that treatment with Cur attenuated ATO-induced body weight loss, reduced the content of ATO in the kidney, and improved ATO-induced kidney pathological damage. Cur also remarkably alleviated the ascent of ATO-induced MDA level and activated the Nrf2 pathway. Using the TEM, we found Cur relieved mitochondrial swelling, autolysosomes generating and nuclear damage. Simultaneously, Cur was found that it not only significantly reduced autophagy-related mRNA and protein levels (mTOR, LC3-Ⅰ, LC3-Ⅱ, Atg-5, Beclin1, Pink1 and Parkin) and but also decreased apoptosis-related mRNA and protein expression levels (cleaved caspase-3, Cytc, p53 and Bax). Furthermore, through nontargeted metabolomics analysis, we observed that lipid metabolism balance was disordered by ATO exposure, while Cur administration alleviated the disturbance of lipid metabolism. These results showed ATO could induce autophagy and apoptosis by overproducing ROS in the kidney of ducks, and Cur might relieve excessive autophagy, apoptosis and disturbance of lipid metabolism by regulating oxidative stress. Collectively, our findings explicate the potential therapeutic value of Cur as a new strategy to a variety of disorders caused by ATO exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Wenlan Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xuanxuan Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Riming Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Juan Lan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Gaolong Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Fang Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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20
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Changizi Z, Moslehi A, Rohani AH, Eidi A. Chlorogenic acid induces 4T1 breast cancer tumor's apoptosis via p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 signaling pathways in BALB/c mice. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22642. [PMID: 33058431 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite all the new treatments, metastatic breast cancer (BC) causes many deaths. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a polyphenol compound with various pharmacological traits, such as anticancer properties. Targeting apoptotic death pathways has been propounded as the most effective therapeutic method in various cancers. In the current study, apoptotic agents such as p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 have been investigated. The experimental groups included saline, BC, CGA, protective (PR), and treatment (TM) groups. First, 4T1 mouse BC was established and then the effects of treatment with CGA were investigated through measurement of tumor weight and volume, metastatic nodules, liver biochemical tests, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in experimental groups. The findings showed that CGA reduced tumor weight and volume in the PR group (P < .05) and in the TM group (P < .001). Surprisingly, it eliminated the tumors in the TM group. Metastatic nodules in the PR and TM groups were significantly reduced as compared with the BC group (P < .001). The evaluation by H&E staining showed cell apoptosis in both the PR and TM groups. The results of real-time RT-PCR showed that CGA therapy increased the expression ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 (P < .001 and P < .05, respectively) and the expression of p53 (P < .001 and P < .05, respectively) and caspase-3 genes (P < .01) in the PR and TM groups. The IHC data regarding the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio confirmed the other results (P < .001). The findings demonstrate that CGA plays a significant role in the induction of apoptosis and the treatment of 4T1 BC tumors in BALB/c mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Changizi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Moslehi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Ali Haeri Rohani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Eidi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Wang J, Sun H, Liu Y. The proliferative and anti-apoptosis functions of KGF/KGFR contributes to bronchial epithelial repair in asthma. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2020; 63:101931. [PMID: 32818548 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2020.101931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) on the apoptosis, proliferation, damage repair, intercellular adhesion, and inflammatory cytokine release of cultured 16HBE 14o-bronchial ECs in vitro. Bronchial epithelial cells (ECs) from all subjects were obtained by bronchoscopic brushing. The expression levels of KGF and its receptor KGFR in collected cells were determined using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. The apoptosis and adhesion molecules expression by KGF administration were determined using flow cytometry and Western blotting. This occurred when 16HBE 14o-cell lines cultured and were exposed to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in vitro. The role of KGF on proliferation and damage repair were analyzed using CCK-8, EdU and wound closure assays after 16HBE 14o-cells were scraped. The effect of KGF on the release of inflammation related cytokines by damaged ECs was measured using ELISA kits. Compared with healthy controls, the KGF and KGFR expression and apoptosis significantly increased in collected cells from asthma patients. In vitro, treatment of KGF may limit IFN-γ and TNF-α induced apoptosis by inhibiting apoptosis-associated markers in the TNF signaling pathway. Besides, KGF could limit the release of TSLP, IL-25 and IL-33 by damaged 16HBE 14o-cells. On the contrary, KGF could promote the intercellular adhesion and wound closure of cultured 16HBE 14o-cells via the increased expression level of intercellular junction proteins ICAM-1, β-catenin, E-cad, and Dsc3. In conclusion, KGF and KGFR may help bronchial ECs repair in asthma via the inhibition apoptosis of ECs while the promotion of proliferation and migration of ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongbo Wang
- The Clinic of Retired Cadres, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (East Campus), Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hongju Sun
- Department of General Medicine, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Yunshun Liu
- The Clinic of Retired Cadres, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (East Campus), Qingdao, 266071, China.
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22
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Yang L, Wang S, Zhao G, Wang X, Guo X. Comparison of the toxic mechanism of T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol on human chondrocytes by microarray and bioinformatics analysis. Toxicol Lett 2019; 321:61-68. [PMID: 31863870 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) are two representative mycotoxins that are commonly found in cereals and agricultural products. As T-2 toxin and DON are considered the cause of Kashin-Beck disease, a special osteoarticular disease, chondrocytes would be a vital target site for these toxins. To fully understand the toxicity effects of T-2 toxin and DON on chondrocytes, the present study investigated and compared the gene expression profiles and underlying mechanisms of T-2 toxin and DON on cultured human chondrocytes by microarray and bioinformatics analysis. Normal human chondrocytes were treated with T-2 toxin at 0.01 μg/ml and DON at 1.0 μg/ml for 72 h and analyzed by microarray using Affymetrix Human Gene Chip. Comprehensive analysis, including gene ontology, pathways and gene-gene networks was performed to identify the crucial gene functions, related signal pathways and key genes. A total of 175 and 237 differentially expressed genes were identified in human chondrocytes for T-2 toxin and DON treatment, respectively. Of these, 47 had the same expression tendencies in the two groups. The protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that the 10 hub genes were different between the two groups. Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of the toxic mechanism of T-2 toxin and DON on human chondrocytes and suggest that although T-2 toxin and DON showed some similar toxic mechanisms in human chondrocytes, they also had different toxic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- School of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Suiqin Wang
- Yanan University Affiliated Hospital, Yanan, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- Hong Hui Hospital, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
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23
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Ji Y, Shen J, Li M, Zhu X, Wang Y, Ding J, Jiang S, Chen L, Wei W. RMP/URI inhibits both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis through different signaling pathways. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2692-2706. [PMID: 31754340 PMCID: PMC6854365 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.36829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The evading apoptosis of tumor cells may result in chemotherapy resistance. Therefore, investigating what molecular events contribute to drug-induced apoptosis, and how tumors evade apoptotic death, provides a paradigm to explain the relationship between cancer genetics and treatment sensitivity. In this study, we focused on the role of RMP/URI both in cisplatin-induced endogenous apoptosis and in TRAIL-induced exogenous apoptosis in HCC cells. Although flow cytometric analysis indicated that RMP overexpression reduced the apoptosis rate of HCC cells treated with both cisplatin and TRAIL, there was a difference in mechanism between the two treatments. Western blot showed that in intrinsic apoptosis induced by cisplatin, the overexpression of RMP promoted the Bcl-xl expression both in vitro and in vivo. Besides, RMP activated NF-κB/p65(rel) through the phosphorylation of ATM. However, in TRAIL-induced extrinsic apoptosis, RMP significantly suppressed the transcription and expression of P53. Moreover, the forced expression of P53 could offset this inhibitory effect. In conclusion, we presumed that RMP inhibited both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis through different signaling pathways. NF-κB was distinctively involved in the RMP circumvention of intrinsic apoptosis, but not in the extrinsic apoptosis of HCC cells. RMP might play an important role in defects of apoptosis, hence the chemotherapeutic resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. These studies are promising to shed light on a more rational approach to clinical anticancer drug design and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ji
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Tumor, People Hospital of Maanshan, Maanshan, 243000, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiazheng Ding
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shunyao Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Linqi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Wenxiang Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Pogrmic-Majkic K, Samardzija Nenadov D, Stanic B, Milatovic S, Trninic-Pjevic A, Kopitovic V, Andric N. T-2 toxin downregulates LHCGR expression, steroidogenesis, and cAMP level in human cumulus granulosa cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:844-852. [PMID: 30951242 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Our goals were to investigate whether environmentally relevant doses of T-2 toxin can affect human ovarian granulosa cells' function and to reveal the potential mechanism of T-2 toxin's action. Results showed that T-2 toxin strongly attenuated luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) mRNA expression in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated human cumulus granulosa cells. Addition of human chorionic gonadotropin was not able to elicit maximal response of ovulatory genes amphiregulin, epiregulin, and progesterone receptor. T-2 toxin reduced mRNA levels of CYP19A1 and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) and lowered FSH-stimulated estradiol and progesterone production. Mechanistic experiments demonstrated that T-2 toxin decreased FSH-stimulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production. Addition of total PDE inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine prevented T-2 toxin's action on LHCGR, STAR, and CYP19A1 mRNA expression in FSH-stimulated human cumulus granulosa cells. Furthermore, T-2 toxin partially decreased 8-bromoadenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP)-stimulated LHCGR and STAR, but did not affect 8-Br-cAMP-stimulated CYP19A1 mRNA expression in human cumulus granulosa cells. Overall, our data indicate that environmentally relevant dose of T-2 toxin decreases steroidogenesis and ovulatory potency in human cumulus granulosa cells probably through activation of PDE, thus posing a significant risk for female fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pogrmic-Majkic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Bojana Stanic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Safety and Health, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Stevan Milatovic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Trninic-Pjevic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna Kopitovic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Andric
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Yu FF, Lin XL, Wang X, Ping ZG, Guo X. Comparison of Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Chondrocytes Induced by the T-2 and HT-2 Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050260. [PMID: 31072003 PMCID: PMC6562955 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, we have investigated the apoptosis and autophagy of chondrocytes induced by the T-2 and HT-2 toxins. The viability of chondrocytes was measured by the MTT assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) kits were used to measure the oxidative stress of chondrocytes. The apoptosis of chondrocytes was measured using flow cytometry. Hoechst 33258 and MDC staining agents were introduced to analyze apoptosis and autophagy induction in chondrocytes, respectively. Protein expression of Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3, and Beclin1 was examined by western blotting analysis. The T-2 and HT-2 toxins significantly decreased the viability of chondrocytes in a time-dependent manner. The level of oxidative stress in chondrocytes induced by the T-2 toxin was significantly higher when compared with that of the HT-2 toxin. The apoptosis rate of chondrocytes induced by the T-2 toxin increased from 3.26 ± 1.03%, 18.38 ± 1.28%, 34.5 ± 1.40% to 49.67 ± 5.31%, whereas apoptosis rate of chondrocytes induced by the HT-2 toxin increased from 3.82 ± 1.03%, 11.61 ± 1.27%, 25.72 ± 2.95% to 36.28 ± 2.81% in 48 h incubation time. Hoechst 33258 staining confirmed that apoptosis of chondrocytes induced by the T-2 toxin was significantly higher than that observed when the chondrocytes were incubated with the HT-2 toxin. MDC staining revealed that the autophagy rate of chondrocytes induced by the T-2 toxin increased from 6.38% to 63.02%, whereas this rate induced by the HT-2 toxin changed from 6.08% to 53.33%. The expression levels of apoptosis and autophagy related proteins, Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3, and Beclin1 in chondrocytes induced by the T-2 toxin were significantly higher when compared with those levels induced by the HT-2 toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China.
| | - Xia-Lu Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Xi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Zhi-Guang Ping
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45001, China.
| | - Xiong Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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26
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LncRNA DILC participates in rheumatoid arthritis by inducing apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes and down-regulating IL-6. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182374. [PMID: 30944206 PMCID: PMC6499449 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-6 produced by human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (HFLS) promotes rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while lncRNA DILC regulates liver cancer stem cells by inhibiting IL-6. Therefore, lncRNA DILC may participate in RA. In the present study, we found that plasma lncRNA DILC was down-regulated, while IL-6 was up-regulated in RA patients than in healthy controls. Plasma levels of lncRNA DILC and IL-6 were significantly and inversely correlated only in RA patients. Overexpression of lncRNA DILC resulted in promoted apoptosis of HFLS isolated from RA patients, while lncRNA DILC siRNA silencing played an opposite role. In addition, overexpression of lncRNA DILC also resulted in inhibited IL-6 expression in HFLS isolated from RA patients. Therefore, lncRNA DILC may participate in RA by inducing apoptosis of HFLS and down-regulating IL-6.
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27
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Autophagy and Apoptosis Interact to Modulate T-2 Toxin-Induced Toxicity in Liver Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11010045. [PMID: 30650580 PMCID: PMC6356273 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a mycotoxin generated by Fusarium species which has been shown to be highly toxic to human and animals. T-2 toxin induces apoptosis in various tissues/organs. Apoptosis and autophagy are two closely interconnected processes, which are important for maintaining physiological homeostasis as well as pathogenesis. Here, for the first time, we demonstrated that T-2 toxins induce autophagy in human liver cells (L02). We demonstrated that T-2 toxin induce acidic vesicular organelles formation, concomitant with the alterations in p62/SQSTM1 and LC3-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate (LC3-II) and the enhancement of the autophagic flux. Using mRFP-GFP-LC3 by lentiviral transduction, we showed T-2 toxin-mediated lysosomal fusion and the formation of autophagosomes in L02 cells. The formation of autophagosomes was further confirmed by transmission electron microcopy. While T-2 toxin induced both autophagy and apoptosis, autophagy appears to be a leading event in the response to T-2 toxin treatment, reflecting its protective role in cells against cellular damage. Activating autophagy by rapamycin (RAPA) inhibited apoptosis, while suppressing autophagy by chloroquine greatly enhanced the T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis, suggesting the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis. Taken together, these results indicate that autophagy plays a role in protecting cells from T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis suggesting that autophagy may be manipulated for the alleviation of toxic responses induced by T-2 toxin.
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Katifelis H, Lyberopoulou A, Mukha I, Vityuk N, Grodzyuk G, Theodoropoulos GE, Efstathopoulos EP, Gazouli M. Ag/Au bimetallic nanoparticles induce apoptosis in human cancer cell lines via P53, CASPASE-3 and BAX/BCL-2 pathways. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:S389-S398. [PMID: 30371113 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1495645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hector Katifelis
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Lyberopoulou
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Iuliia Mukha
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nadiia Vityuk
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Gallina Grodzyuk
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
- L.V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of the Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - George E. Theodoropoulos
- 1st Propaedeutic University Surgery Clinic, Hippocratio General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Wang J, Yang C, Yuan Z, Yi J, Wu J. T-2 Toxin Exposure Induces Apoptosis in TM3 Cells by Inhibiting Mammalian Target of Rapamycin/Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase(mTORC2/AKT) to Promote Ca 2+Production. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3360. [PMID: 30373220 PMCID: PMC6274855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although mTOR (the mammalian target of rapamycin) can regulate intracellular free Ca2+concentration in normal cultured podocytes, it remains elusive as to how mTORC2/AKT-mediated Ca2+participates in the process of T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis. The potential signaling responsible for intracellular Ca2+ concentration changes was investigated using immunoblot assays in an in vitro model of TM3 cell injury induced by T-2 toxin. Changes in Ca2+ were assessed using the Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent indictor dye Fura 2-AM. The cytotoxicity of TM3 cells was assessed with an MTT bioassay, and apoptosis was measured using Annexin V-FITC staining. Following T-2 toxin treatment, the growth of cells, phospho-mTORSer2481, phospho-mTORSer2448, and phospho-AktSer473 were significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner, whereas Ca2+ and apoptosis were increased. T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis was prevented by BAPTA-AM (a Ca2+chelator) and MHY1485 (an mTOR activator), and the application of mTOR activator MHY1485 also prevented the increase of intracellular free Ca2+concentration in TM3 cells. Our results strongly suggest that T-2 toxin exposure induces apoptosis in TM3 cells by inhibiting mTORC2/AKT to promote Ca2+ production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Chenglin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Zhihang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Jine Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Role of ZIP8 in regulation of cisplatin sensitivity through Bcl-2. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 362:52-58. [PMID: 30342059 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ZIP8 is a membrane transporter that facilitates the uptake of divalent metals (e.g., Zn, Mn, Fe, Cd) and the mineral selenite in anionic form. ZIP8 functionality has been recently reported to regulate cell proliferation, migration and cytoskeleton arrangement, exhibiting an essential role for normal physiology. In this study, we report a ZIP8 role in chemotherapy response. We show ZIP8 regulates cell sensitivity to the anti-cancer drug cisplatin. Overexpression of ZIP8 in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells induces cisplatin sensitivity, while knockout of ZIP8 in leukemia HAP1 cells leads to cisplatin resistance. In ZIP8 altered cells and transgenic mice, we show cisplatin is not a direct ZIP8 substrate. Further studies demonstrate that ZIP8 regulates anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. ZIP8 overexpression decreases Bcl-2 levels in cultured cells, mice lung and liver tissue while loss of ZIP8 elevates Bcl-2 expression in HAP1 cells and liver tissue. We also observe that ZIP8 overexpression modulates cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis, manifested by the increased protein level of cleaved Caspase-3. Since Bcl-2 elevation was previously discovered to induce cisplatin drug resistance, our results suggest ZIP8 may modulate cisplatin drug responses as well as apoptosis through Bcl-2. We therefore conclude ZIP8 is a new molecule to be involved in cisplatin drug responses and is predicted as a genetic factor to be considered in cisplatin therapy.
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Hari AD, Naidu VGM, Das UN. n-6 and n-3 Fatty acids and their metabolites augment inhibitory action of doxorubicin on the proliferation of human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) cells by enhancing lipid peroxidation and suppressingRas, Myc, andFos. Biofactors 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/biof.1436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anasuya Devi Hari
- Bio-Science Research Centre; Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering Campus, Madhurawada; Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh, 530048 India
| | - Vegi G. M. Naidu
- Department of pharmacology and Toxicology; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar; Hyderabad Telangana, 500037 India
| | - Undurti N. Das
- UND Life Sciences, 2221 NW 5th St; Battle Ground WA, 98604 USA
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Wang X, Jin C, Zhong Y, Li X, Han J, Xue W, Wu P, Xia X, Peng X. Glutathione Reduction of Patulin-Evoked Cytotoxicity in HEK293 Cells by the Prevention of Oxidative Damage and the Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7775-7785. [PMID: 29676913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) is a mycotoxin frequently detected in moldy fruits and fruit products. This study investigated the protective role of glutathione (GSH), an antioxidant agent, against PAT-induced cytotoxicity and its potential mechanisms in HEK293 cells. The obtained results showed that the addition of GSH significantly increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis induced by PAT. Additionally, GSH decreased intracellular ROS and mitochondrial ROS overproduction, suppressed the decline of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and maintained cellular ATP contents. GSH prevented the impairment of mitochondrial oxidative-phosphorylation system and, especially, enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of electron-transport-chain complex III (UQCRC2) and complex V (ATP5, ATP6 and ATP8). Furthermore, GSH increased endogenous GSH contents; enhanced the antioxidant-enzyme activities of SOD, CAT, GR, and GPx; and modulated oxidative damage. These results suggest that GSH reduces PAT-induced cytotoxicity via inhibition of oxidative damage and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Chengni Jin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Yujie Zhong
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Jiahui Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Wei Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Peng Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Xiaoli Peng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Northwest A&F University , 22 Xinong Road , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
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Yi Y, Zhao F, Wang N, Liu H, Yu L, Wang A, Jin Y. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis in goat endometrium epithelial cells. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:1492-1501. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanglei Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Fan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Lijun Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Aihua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Yaping Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University; Yangling Shaanxi China
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Procyanidins B2 reverses the T-2 toxin-induced mitochondrial apoptosis in TM3 Leydig cells. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Velkov T, Tang S, Dai C. T-2 toxin-induced toxicity in neuroblastoma-2a cells involves the generation of reactive oxygen, mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 114:88-97. [PMID: 29432840 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of T-2 mycotoxin induced neurotoxicity remains enigmatic. In the present study we show that T-2 toxin induced neurotoxicity in mouse neuroblastoma2a (N2a) cells is both dose- and time-dependent and is associated with oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. T-2 toxin treatment of N2a cells at 10, 20, 40 and 80 ng/mL for 24 h significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of p53, Bax, and caspase-8 and down-regulated the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA and protein expression. Activation of caspases-8, -9 and -3 was also evident in a concentration-dependent manner. Pre-treatment of the cells with the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine markedly suppressed T-2 toxin-induced neurotoxicity and caspase activation. Conversely, pre-treatment of the cells with the Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol or the HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX, enhanced T-2 toxin induced neurotoxicity and increased the activation of caspase-9 and -3. Taken together, these novel findings suggest that T-2 toxin-induced neurotoxicity in N2a cells involves oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis via the inhibition of the Nrf2/HO-1 and activation of p53 pathway. The present study highlights the potential of developing much needed pharmacological interventions to prevent T-2 toxin neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Zhang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Food Safety Control of Processing and Circulation, College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Tony Velkov
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Shusheng Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
| | - Chongshan Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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Yu FF, Lin XL, Wang X, Liu H, Yang L, Goldring MB, Lammi MJ, Guo X. Selenium promotes metabolic conversion of T-2 toxin to HT-2 toxin in cultured human chondrocytes. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:218-224. [PMID: 28965579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To explore the metabolism of T-2 toxin in human chondrocytes (HCs) and determine the impact of selenium supplementation. For determination of cytotoxicity using the MTT assay, optical density values were read with an automatic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader at 510nm. Cell survival was calculated and the cytotoxicity estimated. To identify the metabolites of T-2 toxin, the medium supernatants and C28/I2 cells were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) separately. For HPLC-MS/MS, the mobile phase A was water and phase B was 98% methanol. The gradient for the elution was: 0-0.5min, 50% of B; 0.5-2.0min, 100% of B; 2.0-3.5min, 100% of B; 3.6-6min, 50% of B. T-2 toxin increased the toxicity to C28/I2 cells significantly in a dose- and time-dependent manner (viability range 91.5-22.0%). Supplementation with selenium (100ng/mL) could increase the cell viability after the 24h incubation. The concentration of T-2 toxin in the cell medium decreased from 20 to 6.67±1.02ng/mL, and the concentration of HT-2 toxin increased from 0 to 6.88±1.23ng/mL during the 48h incubation, whereas the relative concentration of T-2 toxin in cells increased from 0 to 12.80±1.84ng/g. Supplementary selenium in the HCs cultures reduced the cytotoxicity induced by T-2 toxin significantly, and was associated with rapid conversion of T-2 toxin in the culture medium to HT-2 toxin. T-2 toxin was more toxic to HCs than HT-2 toxin at equivalent concentrations. HT-2 toxin was a detectable metabolite of T-2 toxin in cultured HCs, and selenium enhanced the metabolic conversion of T-2 toxin, reducing its cytotoxicity to HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Yu
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Xia-Lu Lin
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Xi Wang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Huan Liu
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Mary B Goldring
- Hospital for Special Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Xiong Guo
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi'an 710061, China.
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Zhang K, Zhu Y, Wang X, Zhao X, Li S, Teng X. Excess Manganese-Induced Apoptosis in Chicken Cerebrums and Embryonic Neurocytes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 180:297-305. [PMID: 28361387 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-0992-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There were many studies about the effect of excess manganese (Mn) on nervous system apoptosis; however, Mn-induced apoptosis in chicken cerebrums and embryonic neurocytes was unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of excess Mn on chicken cerebrum and embryonic neurocyte apoptosis. Seven-day-old Hyline male chickens were fed either a commercial diet or three levels of manganese chloride (MnCl2)-added commercial diets containing 600-, 900-, and 1800-mg/kg-Mn diet, respectively. On the 30th, 60th, and 90th days, cerebrums were collected. Fertilized Hyline chicken eggs were hatched for 6-8 days and were selected. Embryonic neurocytes with 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 mM Mn were collected and were cultured for 12, 24, 36, and 48 h, respectively. The following research contents were performed: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activities; tumor protein p53 (p53), B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), B cell lymphoma extra large (Bcl-x), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak), fas, and caspase-3 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression; and morphologic observation. The results indicated that excess Mn inhibited SOD and T-AOC activities; induced p53, Bax, Bak, fas, and caspase-3 mRNA expression; and inhibited Bcl-2 and Bcl-x mRNA expression in chicken cerebrums and embryonic neurocytes. There were dose-dependent manners on all the above factors at all the time points and time-dependent manners on SOD activity of 1800-mg/kg-Mn group, T-AOC activity, and apoptosis-related gene mRNA expression in all the treatment groups in chicken cerebrums. Excess Mn induced chicken cerebrum and embryonic neurocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihao Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Chang Y, Wang X, Sun Z, Jin Z, Chen M, Wang X, Lammi MJ, Guo X. Inflammatory cytokine of IL-1β is involved in T-2 toxin-triggered chondrocyte injury and metabolism imbalance by the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mol Immunol 2017; 91:195-201. [PMID: 28963928 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxin T-2 exerts a causative role in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) suffering chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage matrix homeostasis disruption. Recent research corroborated the aberrant levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1ß in KBD patients and mycotoxin environment. In the present study, we investigated the relevance of IL-1ß in T-2 toxin-evoked chondrocyte cytotoxic injury and aberrant catabolism. High levels of IL-1ß were detected in serum and cartilages from KBD patients and in T-2-stimulated chondrocytes. Moreover, knockdown of IL-1ß antagonized the adverse effects of T-2 on cytotoxic injury by enhancing cell viability and inhibiting apoptosis. However, exogenous supplementation of IL-1β further aggravated cell damage in response to T-2. Additionally, cessation of IL-1β rescued T-2-elicited tilt of matrix homeostasis toward catabolism by elevating the transcription of collagen II and aggrecan, promoting release of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) and TIMP1, and suppressing matrix metalloproteinases production including MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-13. Conversely, IL-1β stimulation deteriorated T-2-induced disruption of matrix metabolism balance toward catabolism. Mechanistic analysis found the high activation of Wnt/β-catenin in KBD patients and chondrocytes upon T-2. Furthermore, this activation was mitigated after IL-1β inhibition, but further enhanced following IL-1β precondition. Importantly, blocking this pathway by transfection with β-catenin alleviated the adverse roles of IL-1β on cytotoxic injury and metabolism disorders under T-2 conditioning. Together, this study elucidates a new insight into how T-2 deteriorates the pathological progression of KBD by regulating inflammation-related pathways, indicating a promising anti-inflammation strategy for KBD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhai Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Galactophore, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhengming Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhankui Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, 901 87 17 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Cellular responses to T-2 toxin and/or deoxynivalenol that induce cartilage damage are not specific to chondrocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2231. [PMID: 28533525 PMCID: PMC5440378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol (DON) and the risk of Kashin-Beck disease is still controversial since it is poorly known about their selectivity in cartilage damage. We aimed to compare the cytotoxicity of T-2 toxin and DON on cell lines representative of cell types encountered in vivo, including human chondrocytes (C28/I2), human hepatic epithelial cells (L-02) and human tubular epithelial cells (HK-2). In addition, we determined the distribution of T-2 toxin and DON in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats after a single dose exposure. T-2 toxin or DON decreased proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner and their combination showed a similar antagonistic effect in C28/I2, L-02 and HK-2 cells. Moreover, we observed cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, associated with increased oxidative stress and decline in mitochondrial membrane potential induced by T-2 toxin and/or DON. In vivo study showed that T-2 toxin and DON did not accumulate preferentially in the knee joint compared to liver and kidney after an acute exposure in SD rats. These results suggest that T-2 toxin and/or DON inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis through a possible mechanism involving reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway that is not specific for chondrocytes in vitro or joint tissues in vivo.
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Yang L, Tu D, Zhao Z, Cui J. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by mixed mycotoxins (T-2 and HT-2 toxin) on primary hepatocytes of broilers in vitro. Toxicon 2017; 129:1-10. [PMID: 28093223 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
T-2 and HT-2 (T-2/HT-2) induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in hepatocytes from broilers. In this study, hepatocytes treated with T-2/HT-2 were analyzed for cytotoxic effects and apoptosis and for the associated mechanisms. To assay cytotoxicity, we used the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) viability assay, hematoxylin-eosin staining and aspartase transaminase and alanine transaminase (ALT/AST) activities. We evaluated apoptosis by fluorescence microscopy using the Terminal transferase nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The apoptotic ratio and the apoptotic stage of the hepatocytes were next assessed with fluorescently labeled (FITC) Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Finally, expression levels of apoptosis-related mRNAs were assessed by real-time PCR and those of apoptosis-related proteins by western blotting. We found that cells treated with T-2/HT-2 showed, in a dose dependent manner, significantly lower cell viabilities (P < 0.05) and markedly increased intercellular spaces, dead cells and ALT/AST activities. T-2/HT-2 treatment also significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells and the apoptotic ratio (P < 0.05). T-2/HT-2 induced early stage apoptosis of the hepatocytes and levels of apoptosis-related mRNAs and proteins changed in a manner implicating them in the apoptotic process. These changes occurred from 0 to 24 h of T-2/HT-2 exposure. Expression of bax and caspase-7 mRNAs was significantly upregulated, in a time-dependent manner, during this period (P < 0.05). Levels of mRNAs for caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased from 0 to 12 h (P < 0.05) and then decreased after 12 h (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects on expression of bcl-2 mRNA (P > 0.05). Expression of all apoptosis-related proteins examined, except for bcl-2, was significantly increased from 0 to 24 h in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Overall, T-2/HT-2 induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in hepatocytes. The resulting changes in mRNA and protein expression were shown that several apoptosis-related proteins were involved in the liver toxicity of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchen Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China.
| | - Di Tu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, No.1 Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Wei-Gang, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Wei-Gang, Xuanwu District, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
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Yu FF, Zhang YX, Zhang LH, Li WR, Guo X, Lammi MJ. Identified molecular mechanism of interaction between environmental risk factors and differential expression genes in cartilage of Kashin-Beck disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5669. [PMID: 28033256 PMCID: PMC5207552 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As environmental risk factors (ERFs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), it is important to identify the interaction between ERFs and differentially expression genes (DEGs) in KBD. The environmental response genes (ERGs) were analyzed in cartilage of KBD in comparison to normal controls.We searched 5 English and 3 Chinese databases from inception to September 2015, to identify case-control studies that examined ERFs for KBD using integrative meta-analysis and systematic review. Total RNA was isolated from articular cartilage of KBD patients and healthy controls. Human whole genome microarray chip (Agilent) was used to analyze the amplified, labeled, and hybridized total RNA, and the validated microarray data were partially verified using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The ERGs were derived from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. The identified ERGs were subjected to KEGG pathway enrichment, biological process (BP), and interaction network analyses using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) v6.7, and STRING.The trace elements (selenium and iodine), vitamin E, and polluted grains (T-2 toxin/HT-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol, and nivalenol) were identified as the ERFs for KBD using meta-analysis and review. We identified 21 upregulated ERGs and 7 downregulated ERGs in cartilage with KBD compared with healthy controls, which involved in apoptosis, metabolism, and growth and development. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found that 2 significant pathways were involved with PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and P53 signaling pathway, and gene ontology function analysis found 3 BPs involved with apoptosis, death, and cell death in KBD cartilage.According to previous results and our own research, we suggest that the trace element selenium and vitamin E induce PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the mycotoxins (T-2 toxin/HT-2 toxin and DON) induce P53 signaling pathway, contributing to the development of KBD, and chondrocyte apoptosis and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Yu
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an
| | - Yan-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Baoji People's Hospital, Baoji, China
| | - Lian-He Zhang
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an
| | - Wen-Rong Li
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an
| | - Xiong Guo
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an
| | - Mikko J. Lammi
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xi’an
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
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Yu FF, Liu H, Guo X. Integrative Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis of Risk Factors for Kashin-Beck disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 174:274-279. [PMID: 27113769 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0712-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To determine the current evidence on risk factors for Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) using an integrative meta-analysis. We searched five English and three Chinese databases from inception to September 2015, to identify case-control studies that examined risk factors for KBD using multivariate logistic analysis. DerSimonian and Laird effective models are applied in processing data using pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Seven studies were identified with 3087 cases and 6402 controls. The main risk factors found to be significantly associated with the onset of KBD were age (OR 1.19, 95 % CI 1.10-1.28), parents prevalence (OR 5.16, 2.51-7.80), family hygiene (OR 1.68, 1.42-1.93), food source (OR 3.29, 2.38-4.19), wheat (OR 1.12, 1.08-1.16), wheat germ necrosis rate (OR 6.03, 1.87-12.92), total volatile basic nitrogen (OR 6.85, 1.01-28.67), low selenium in hair (OR 2.29, 1.08-3.50) were found to be significant risks factors. The pooled ORs (95 % CI) of protein intake and rice were 0.79 (0.66-0.93) and 0.90 (0.86-0.95), respectively, indicating that the two factors may be protective for KBD. We found that the combination of low protein intake, polluted grain, and selenium deficiency may contribute to be onset of KBD together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Yu
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xian Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Liu
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xian Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Xian Jiaotong University, No. 76 Yan Ta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Nielsen TS, Sørensen IF, Sørensen JL, Søndergaard TE, Purup S. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of mycotoxins in human small intestinal cells
1. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-9739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Chang Y, Duan D, Sun Z, Guo X. Elevation of IGFBP2 contributes to mycotoxin T-2-induced chondrocyte injury and metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:385-391. [PMID: 27416762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is an endemic degenerative osteoarthropathy. The mycotoxin of T-2 toxin is extensively accepted as a major etiological contributor to KBD. However, its function and mechanism in KBD remains unclearly elucidated. Here, T-2 toxin treatment induced chondrocyte injury in a time- and dose-dependent manner by repressing cell viability and promoting cell necrosis and apoptosis. Importantly, T-2 suppressed the transcription of type II collagen and aggrecan, as well as the release of sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG). Furthermore, exposure to T-2 enhanced the transcription of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP-1, -2, -3 and -9. In contrast to control groups, higher expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) was observed in chondrocytes from KBD patients. Interestingly, T-2 toxin caused a dramatical elevation of IGFBP2 expression in chondrocytes. Mechanism analysis corroborated that cessation of IGFBP2 expression alleviated T-2-induced damage to chondrocytes. Simultaneously, transfection with IGFBP2 siRNA also attenuated matrix synthesis and catabolism-related gene expressions of MMPs. Together, this study validated that T-2 toxin exposure might promote the progression of KBD by inducing chondrocyte injury, suppressing matrix synthesis and accelerating cellular catabolism through IGFBP2. Therefore, this research will elucidate a new insight about how T-2 toxin participate in the pathogenesis of KBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yanhai Chang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Dapeng Duan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Zhengming Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital), Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Ministry of Health, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Li D, Han J, Guo X, Qu C, Yu F, Wu X. The effects of T-2 toxin on the prevalence and development of Kashin-Beck disease in China: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:731-751. [PMID: 30090385 PMCID: PMC6062151 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00377f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To reveal the influence of T-2 toxin detection rate and detection amount in food samples on Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), and define a linking mechanism between T-2 toxin induced chondrocytes or cartilage damage and KBD pathological changes, seven electronic databases were searched to obtain epidemiological and experimental studies. For epidemiological studies, subgroup analyses of the positive detection rate (PDR) of the T-2 toxin and PDR of the T-2 toxin with concentrations (PDRC of T-2) >100 ng g-1 were carried out, together with a histogram of the T-2 toxin concentrations in different food types in KBD and non-KBD areas. For experimental studies, a systematic review of a variety of chondrocyte and cartilage changes and damage induced by the T-2 toxin was performed. As a result, in epidemiological studies, meta-analysis demonstrated that the T-2 toxin PDR and the overall PDRC of T-2 toxin >100 ng g-1 showed a slightly significant increase in KBD areas than that in non-KBD areas separately. From the histogram, T-2 toxin accumulation was more serious in endemic areas, especially in wheat flour samples. In experimental studies, the T-2 toxin could induce damage of chondrocytes and cartilage, and inhibit cell proliferation by promoting apoptosis and catabolism as well as intracellular injuries, which is similar to the characteristics of KBD. In conclusion, the amount of T-2 toxin detected has a more significant influence on KBD prevalence and development as compared to the T-2 toxin detection rate. Besides, the T-2 toxin induces chondrocyte and cartilage damage through apoptosis, catabolism promotion and intracellular impairment, which is similar to the KBD change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Li
- College of Public Health , Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710061 , PR China . ; ; ; ;
| | - Jing Han
- College of Public Health , Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710061 , PR China . ; ; ; ;
| | - Xiong Guo
- College of Public Health , Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710061 , PR China . ; ; ; ;
| | - Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology , Umeå University , Umeå 90187 , Sweden .
| | - Fangfang Yu
- College of Public Health , Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710061 , PR China . ; ; ; ;
| | - Xiaofang Wu
- College of Public Health , Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710061 , PR China . ; ; ; ;
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Tsubone H, Hanafusa M. An overview of toxicity of trichothecene mycotoxins, T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol: Involvements of their oxidative stress and apoptosis effects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2520/myco.66.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Tsubone
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masakazu Hanafusa
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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Xu J, Jiang C, Zhu W, Wang B, Yan J, Min Z, Geng M, Han Y, Ning Q, Zhang F, Sun J, Meng L, Lu S. NOD2 pathway via RIPK2 and TBK1 is involved in the aberrant catabolism induced by T-2 toxin in chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1575-85. [PMID: 25917637 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the key intracellular pattern recognition receptor (PRR) and its role in the unbalanced extracellular matrix gene expressions of chondrocytes treated by T-2 toxin, a potential etiological factor for cartilage damages. DESIGN Differential expressions of intracellular PRRs after T-2 toxin treatment were screened by RT-qPCR in chondrocytes. RNAi was used to knockdown the expression of NOD2 and its two downstream signal molecules, RIPK2, and TBK1, for observing the effects of NOD2 pathway on regulation of metabolism gene expressions by RT-qPCR. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activity was determined by gelatin zymography. The inhibitor of NF-κB and ROS scavenger were exploited to analyze the mechanism of NOD2 up-regulation in chondrocytes treated with T-2 toxin. RESULTS In chondrocytes treated with T-2 toxin, anabolism genes were down-regulated whereas catabolism genes were up-regulated, and NOD2 was identified as a significantly up-regulated gene. Intervening NOD2 expression via RNAi could ameliorate the down-regulation of anabolism genes, while inhibit the up-regulation of catablolism genes induced by T-2 toxin in chondrocytes. RNAi of RIPK2 and TBK1 in chondrocytes could obtain the similar outcome. Furthermore, up-regulation of NOD2 expression induced by T-2 toxin could be abrogated by pretreating the cells with inhibitors of NF-κB and scavenger of ROS. CONCLUSION T-2 toxin could up-regulate NOD2 expression via ROS/NF-κB pathway and activate NOD2 signaling pathway. The up-regulated NOD2 would affect the metabolism gene expressions and MMP activity in chondrocytes via RIPK2 and TBK1. The findings add new insights into understanding NOD2 effects on chondrocytes treated with T-2 toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - C Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - W Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - B Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - J Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Z Min
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - M Geng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Y Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Q Ning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - F Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - J Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - L Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - S Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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KARALIOTAS GEORGIOSI, MAVRIDIS KONSTANTINOS, SCORILAS ANDREAS, BABIS GEORGEC. Quantitative analysis of the mRNA expression levels of BCL2 and BAX genes in human osteoarthritis and normal articular cartilage: An investigation into their differential expression. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4514-4521. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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49
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Zhang B, Peng X, Li G, Xu Y, Xia X, Wang Q. Oxidative stress is involved in Patulin induced apoptosis in HEK293 cells. Toxicon 2015; 94:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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50
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Wu J, Tu D, Yuan LY, Yi JE, Tian Y. T-2 toxin regulates steroid hormone secretion of rat ovarian granulosa cells through cAMP-PKA pathway. Toxicol Lett 2014; 232:573-9. [PMID: 25542145 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium genus and is a common contaminant in food and feedstuffs of cereal origin. In porcine granulosa cells(GC), T-2 toxin has been shown to inhibit the steroidogenesis; however, the mechanism has not been well understood. Gonadotropin-stimulated steroidogenesis is regulated by the cAMP-PKA pathway. In this study, we investigated potential mechanisms for T-2 toxin-induced reproductive toxicity focusing on the critical steps of the cAMP-PKA pathway affected by T-2 toxin. We first analyzed the effects of T-2 toxin on progesterone and estrogen production in rat granulosa cells. For this purpose the granulosa cells were cultured for 48 h in 10% fetal bovine serum-containing medium followed by 24h in serum-free medium containing FSH (10 ng/ml) and androstenedione (3 ng/ml), both are required for normal steroidogenesis. Treatment of these cells with T-2 toxin dose-dependently inhibited the growth of cells and the steroid hormone production. Cellular cyclic AMP levels were dose-dependently inhibited by T-2 toxin (0, 1, 10 and 100 nM, 24 h). Furthermore, we found that although the induction of progesterone by 8-Br-cAMP (a FSH mimetic) and 22R-HC (substrate for progesterone) could both be inhibited by T-2 toxin treatment, the T-2-imposed inhibitory effects could be reversed by increasing doses of 22R-HC, while increasing 8-Br-cAMP had no effects, suggesting that T2 toxin targeted at distinct mechanisms. cAMP-stimulated steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) is a rate limiting protein in progesterone synthesis. Exposure to T2 toxin caused significant suppression of StAR expression as determined by Western blotting and semi-quantitative RT-PCR suggesting StAR is a sensitive target for T-2 toxin. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that T2 toxin inhibits steroidogenesis by suppressing cAMP-PKA pathway and StAR is a target for T-2-toxin. The antisteroidogenesis effects were observable at low T-2 dose (1 ng/ml) suggesting T-2 toxin has an endocrine disruptive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Di Tu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Li-Yun Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China
| | - Jin-e Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, PR China.
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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