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Zhao M, Zheng S, Wang M, Wu J, Ma X, Xu W. Molecular Insights into the Macrophage Immunomodulatory Effects of Scrophulariae Radix Polysaccharides. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301180. [PMID: 37830509 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Scrophulariae Radix (SR) has been widely used in Chinese herbal compound prescriptions, health care products and functional foods. The present study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from SR (SRPs) in macrophages and explore the potential mechanisms. The results showed that four SRPs fractions (SRPs40, SRPs60, SRPs80 and SRPs100) had similar absorption peaks and monosaccharide compositions, but the intensities of absorption peaks and monosaccharide contents were distinguished. All SRPs fractions significantly enhanced the pinocytic activity, promoted the production of NO and TNF-α, increased the mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PTGS2) and TLR2, and elevated the phosphorylation levels of p38, ERK, JNK, p65 and IκB. Moreover, the production of NO and TNF-α stimulated by SRPs was dramatically suppressed by anti-TLR2 antibody. These results indicated that SRPs activated macrophages through MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways via recognition of TLR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Sichun Zheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaodan Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu Hang Tang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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Sabit H, Abdel-Ghany S, Al-Dhafar Z, Said OA, Ali Al-Saeed J, Ahmed Alfehaid Y, Aly Osman M. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5621-5630. [PMID: 34588873 PMCID: PMC8459039 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Red palm weevil (RPW) is the most aggressive date palm parasite in the Middle East, and especially in the Gulf region. Originated in Southeast Asia, this pest has been detected in the entire Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, Italy, Latin America, and other territories. It is important to local from obtrusive species, which help augmenting the pest control strategies. In the present study we collected 21 RPW samples from 21 different locations in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia to genetically characterize them using RAPD- and ISSR-based clustering. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) for RAPD data categorized the 21 accessions into seven distinct groups, with Al-Oyonn and Juaymah each categorized in solitary group, meanwhile, UPGMA for ISSR indicated six different groups, with Battaliyah, Al-Oyoon, and Juaymah each assigned to a separate group. Combining RAPD and ISSR data revealed two accession; Al-Oyoon and Juaymah that might be considered obtrusive species. Based on distance calculations, we proposed that the potential origins of RPW collected from these locations are Iran and the United Arab Emirates. However, this assumption needs further studies for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Sabit
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, P. O. Box 77, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zamzam Al-Dhafar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Said
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, P. O. Box 77, Giza, Egypt
| | - Jawad Ali Al-Saeed
- Center for Date Palm and Dates, Al-Qatif Branch, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Ahmed Alfehaid
- Center for Date Palm and Dates, Al-Qatif Branch, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Aly Osman
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia.,Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam Saudi Arabia
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Li D, Zhou L, Wang Q, He Y. Determination of organic acids for quality evaluation in Coptis herbs by ion chromatography. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:285. [PMID: 29881663 PMCID: PMC5986664 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coptis herbs are important herbal medicinal materials. The bioactive composition, the quality and medicinal efficacy of these herbs, are determined significantly by their geo-authentic features. Among the effective components of these herbs are seven organic acids (quinic, acetic, formic, tartaric, malic, succinic, and oxalic acids). However, no quantitative data of these seven acids in these herbs are available. Therefore, we developed a method for simultaneous separation and determination of the seven organic acids in Coptis herbs using gradient ion chromatography (mobile phase and gradient were shown in Table 1). The seven acids were separated and determined in no more than 35 min. We found that the organic acid levels in C. teeta was obviously higher than in C. chinensis and C. deltoidea, in particular, the content of quinic acid in C. teeta was about eight times than that in C. chinensis and C. deltoidea. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationships between the contents of organic acids and clinical effects, and found that organic acids (content of total acids or content of quinic acid) could act as an reference ingredient for quality evaluation in Coptis herbs. Our studies would lay the foundation for effective quality evaluation of these herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Lili Zhou
- National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, Chengdu, 610021 China
| | - Qingwei Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Yang He
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137 China
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Sairkar PK, Sharma A, Shukla NP. SCAR Marker for Identification and Discrimination of Commiphora wightii and C. myrrha. Mol Biol Int 2016; 2016:1482796. [PMID: 27069687 PMCID: PMC4812406 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1482796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercially important Commiphora species are drought-tolerant plants and they are leafless for most of the year. Therefore, it is necessary to develop some molecular marker for the identification. Intended for that, in the present study, species-specific, sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCAR) markers were developed for proficient and precise identification of closely related species Commiphora wightii and C. myrrha, which may ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of medicines made from these plants through adulterous mixing of these plants. Two species-specific RAPD amplicons were selected, gel-purified, cloned, and sequenced after screening of 20 RAPD primers. The sequence of 979 and 590 nucleotides (Genebank accession numbers K90051 and K90052) was used for development of 4 SCAR markers, namely, Sc1P, Sc1Pm, Sc2P, and Sc2Pm. Out of them, the Sc1Pm was specific for C. wightii, while Sc2P discriminated both the Commiphora species. These markers are first reported and will be useful for rapid identification of closely related Commiphora wightii and C. myrrha species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar Sairkar
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology, M. P. Council of Science & Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anjana Sharma
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Post Graduate Studies & Research in Biological Science, Rani Durgawati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - N. P. Shukla
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology, M. P. Council of Science & Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Lange I, Moschny J, Tamanyan K, Khutsishvili M, Atha D, Borris RP, Koomoa DL. Scrophularia orientalis extract induces calcium signaling and apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1608-16. [PMID: 26848085 PMCID: PMC4777595 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective neuroblastoma (NB) treatments are still limited despite treatment options available today. Therefore, this study attempted to identify novel plant extracts that have anticancer effects. Cytotoxicity and increased intracellular calcium levels were determined using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and Fluo4-AM (acetoxymethyl) staining and fluorescence microscopy in NB cells in order to screen a library of plant extracts. The current study examined the anticancer effects of a dichloromethane extract from Scrophularia orientalis L. (Scrophulariaceae), a plant that has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. This extract contained highly potent agents that significantly reduced cell survival and increased calcium levels in NB cells. Further analysis revealed that cell death induced by this extract was associated with intracellular calcium release, opening of the MPTP, caspase 3- and PARP-cleavage suggesting that this extract induced aberrant calcium signaling that resulted in apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Therefore, agents from Scrophularia orientalis may have the potential to lead to new chemo therapeutic anticancer drugs. Furthermore, targeting intracellular calcium signaling may be a novel strategy to develop more effective treatments for NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Lange
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Julia Moschny
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Kamilla Tamanyan
- Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Manana Khutsishvili
- National Herbarium of Georgia, Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Daniel Atha
- The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Robert P Borris
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Dana-Lynn Koomoa
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, USA
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Ganie SH, Upadhyay P, Das S, Prasad Sharma M. Authentication of medicinal plants by DNA markers. PLANT GENE 2015; 4:83-99. [PMID: 32289060 PMCID: PMC7103949 DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used worldwide for centuries to maintain health and to treat diseases, more so chronic diseases. However, adulteration and use of spurious materials as substitutes have become a major concern for users and industry for reasons of safety and efficacy. Therefore, authentication of medicinal plants is of utmost importance. Morphological, anatomical, chemical and DNA markers solve the problem by differentiating the genuine material from the adulterants, substitutes and spurious drugs. DNA markers use nucleotide sequences to identify species; it takes preference over the other two markers being not age dependent, tissue specific and having a higher discriminating power. Therefore, characterization of plants with such markers is an ideal approach for identification of medicinal plant species and populations/varieties of the same species. Availability of certified taxonomic specimens in herbaria is certainly required for unambiguous confirmation through final visual comparison and analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priti Upadhyay
- Dept. of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Sandip Das
- Dept. of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Chen JJ, Wang Y. Microsatellite Development and Potential Application in Authentication, Conservation, and Genetic Improvement of Chinese Medicinal Plants. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(15)60029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Techen N, Parveen I, Pan Z, Khan IA. DNA barcoding of medicinal plant material for identification. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2013; 25:103-10. [PMID: 24484887 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increasing demand for herbal remedies and for authentication of the source material, it is vital to provide a single database containing information about authentic plant materials and their potential adulterants. The database should provide DNA barcodes for data retrieval and similarity search. In order to obtain such barcodes, several molecular methods have been applied to develop markers that aid with the authentication and identification of medicinal plant materials. In this review, we discuss the genomic regions and molecular methods selected to provide barcodes, available databases and the potential future of barcoding using next generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Techen
- National Center for Natural Products Research and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, P.O. Box 1848, MS 38677, USA
| | - Iffat Parveen
- National Center for Natural Products Research and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, P.O. Box 1848, MS 38677, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Pan
- USDA-ARS-NPURU, P.O. Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, P.O. Box 1848, MS 38677, USA; School of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
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