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Yang Q, Tian H, Guo Z, Ma Z, Wang G. The role of noncoding RNAs in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1697-1706. [PMID: 37867435 PMCID: PMC10686793 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading fatal malignancy worldwide. The tumor microenvironment (TME) can affect the survival, proliferation, migration, and even dormancy of cancer cells. Hypoxia is an important component of the TME, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is the most important transcriptional regulator. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), comprise a large part of the human transcriptome and play an important role in regulating the tumorigenesis of HCC. This review discusses the role of ncRNAs in hepatocarcinogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis in a hypoxic microenvironment, as well as the interactions between ncRNAs and key components of the TME. It further discusses their use as biomarkers and the potential clinical value of drugs, as well as the challenges faced in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yang
- Laboratory for Noncoding RNA and CancerSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of GeriatricsZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Ziyi Guo
- Laboratory for Noncoding RNA and CancerSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- Laboratory for Noncoding RNA and CancerSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- School of Medical ImagingWeifang Medical UniversityWeifang261053China
- Department of Medical Imaging CenterAffiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang261053China
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2
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Wang C, Wang X, Zhang D, Sun X, Wu Y, Wang J, Li Q, Jiang G. The macrophage polarization by miRNAs and its potential role in the treatment of tumor and inflammation (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:190. [PMID: 37711048 PMCID: PMC10523439 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of monocyte/macrophage lineage are diversity and plasticity, mainly manifested by M1 and M2 subtypes in the body tissues, and playing different roles in the immunity. In the polarization process of macrophages, the classic molecular mechanism is related to sequential transcription factors. Whether in tumor or inflammatory local microenvironment, the pathological factors of the local microenvironment often affect the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages, and participate in the occurrence and development of these pathological processes. In recent years, a growing number of research results demonstrated that non‑coding RNA (ncRNA) also participates in the polarization process of macrophages, in addition to traditional cytokines and transcriptional regulation signal pathway molecules. Among numerous ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted more attention from scholars both domestically and internationally, and significant progress has been made in basic and clinical research. Therefore, for improved understanding of the molecular mechanism of miRNAs in macrophage polarization and analysis of the potential value of this regulatory pathway in tumor and inflammatory intervention therapy, a comprehensive review of the progress of relevant literature research was conducted and some viewpoints and perspectives were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozhe Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 2640032, P.R. China
| | - Xidi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhangqiu People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lixia People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255200, P.R. China
| | - Yunhua Wu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 2640032, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology, Shandong Yinfeng Academy of Life Science, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255200, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 2640032, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255200, P.R. China
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3
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Cui M, Liu Y, Cheng L, Li T, Deng Y, Liu D. Research progress on anti-ovarian cancer mechanism of miRNA regulating tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1050917. [DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1050917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most deadly malignancy among women, but its complex pathogenesis is unknown. Most patients with ovarian cancer have a poor prognosis due to high recurrence rates and chemotherapy resistance as well as the lack of effective early diagnostic methods. The tumor microenvironment mainly includes extracellular matrix, CAFs, tumor angiogenesis and immune-associated cells. The interaction between tumor cells and TME plays a key role in tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis and treatment, affecting tumor progression. Therefore, it is significant to find new tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of target genes and affect a variety of biological processes. Studies have shown that miRNAs regulate tumor development by affecting TME. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which miRNAs affect ovarian cancer by regulating TME and highlight the key role of miRNAs in TME, which provides new targets and theoretical basis for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Ding L, Liang M, Li C, Ji X, Zhang J, Xie W, Reis RL, Li FR, Gu S, Wang Y. Design Strategies of Tumor-Targeted Delivery Systems Based on 2D Nanomaterials. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200853. [PMID: 36161304 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy are nonselective and nonspecific for cell killing, causing serious side effects and threatening the lives of patients. It is of great significance to develop more accurate tumor-targeting therapeutic strategies. Nanotechnology is in a leading position to provide new treatment options for cancer, and it has great potential for selective targeted therapy and controlled drug release. 2D nanomaterials (2D NMs) have broad application prospects in the field of tumor-targeted delivery systems due to their special structure-based functions and excellent optical, electrical, and thermal properties. This review emphasizes the design strategies of tumor-targeted delivery systems based on 2D NMs from three aspects: passive targeting, active targeting, and tumor-microenvironment targeting, in order to promote the rational application of 2D NMs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centerof Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Minli Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centerof Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xinting Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Weifen Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centerof Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen Immune Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Shuo Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
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5
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GU T, ZHU M, HUANG H, HU Y. Relapse after CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell malignancies: challenges and future approaches. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:793-811. [PMID: 36226535 PMCID: PMC9561408 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy, as a novel cellular immunotherapy, has dramatically reshaped the landscape of cancer treatment, especially in hematological malignancies. However, relapse is still one of the most troublesome obstacles to achieving broad clinical application. The intrinsic factors and superior adaptability of tumor cells mark a fundamental aspect of relapse. The unique biological function of CAR-T cells governed by their special CAR construction also affects treatment efficacy. Moreover, complex cross-interactions among CAR-T cells, tumor cells, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) profoundly influence clinical outcomes concerning CAR-T cell function and persistence. Therefore, in this review, based on the most recent discoveries, we focus on the challenges of relapse after CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell malignancies from the perspective of tumor cells, CAR-T cells, and the TME. We also discuss the corresponding basic and clinical approaches that may overcome the problem in the future. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding for scientists and physicians that will help improve research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianning GU
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou311121, China,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Meng ZHU
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou311121, China,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - He HUANG
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou311121, China,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou310058, China,He HUANG,
| | - Yongxian HU
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310003, China,Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou311121, China,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou310058, China,Yongxian HU,
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6
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GAO Z, LING X, SHI C, WANG Y, LIN A. Tumor immune checkpoints and their associated inhibitors. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:823-843. [PMID: 36226537 PMCID: PMC9561405 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Immunological evasion is one of the defining characteristics of cancers, as the immune modification of an immune checkpoint (IC) confers immune evasion capabilities to tumor cells. Multiple ICs, such as programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), can bind to their respective receptors and reduce tumor immunity in a variety of ways, including blocking immune cell activation signals. IC blockade (ICB) therapies targeting these checkpoint molecules have demonstrated significant clinical benefits. This is because antibody-based IC inhibitors and a variety of specific small molecule inhibitors can inhibit key oncogenic signaling pathways and induce durable tumor remission in patients with a variety of cancers. Deciphering the roles and regulatory mechanisms of these IC molecules will provide crucial theoretical guidance for clinical treatment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the functional and regulatory mechanisms of these IC molecules at multiple levels, including epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, and post-translational modifications. In addition, we provide a summary of the medications targeting various nodes in the regulatory pathway, and highlight the potential of newly identified IC molecules, focusing on their potential implications for cancer diagnostics and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerui GAO
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310058, China,Chu Kochen Honors College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Xingyi LING
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Chengyu SHI
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Ying WANG
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310058, China
| | - Aifu LIN
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China,Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou310058, China,Breast Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310003, China,International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu322000, China,ZJU-QILU Joint Research Institute, Hangzhou310058, China,Aifu LIN,
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7
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Chen S, Wang Y, Li D, Wang H, Zhao X, Yang J, Chen L, Guo M, Zhao J, Chen C, Zhou Y, Liang G, Xu L. Mechanisms Controlling MicroRNA Expression in Tumor. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182852. [PMID: 36139427 PMCID: PMC9496884 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widely present in many organisms and regulate the expression of genes in various biological processes such as cell differentiation, metabolism, and development. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs are abnormally expressed in tumor tissues and are closely associated with tumorigenesis. MiRNA-based cancer gene therapy has consistently shown promising anti-tumor effects and is recognized as a new field in cancer treatment. So far, some clinical trials involving the treatment of malignancies have been carried out; however, studies of miRNA-based cancer gene therapy are still proceeding slowly. Therefore, furthering our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA can bring substantial benefits to the development of miRNA-based gene therapy or other combination therapies and the clinical outcome of patients with cancer. Recent studies have revealed that the aberrant expression of miRNA in tumors is associated with promoter sequence mutation, epigenetic alteration, aberrant RNA modification, etc., showing the complexity of aberrant expression mechanisms of miRNA in tumors. In this paper, we systematically summarized the regulation mechanisms of miRNA expression in tumors, with the aim of providing assistance in the subsequent elucidation of the role of miRNA in tumorigenesis and the development of new strategies for tumor prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Longqing Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Medical Physics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (G.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Guiyou Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550031, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (G.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy & Base for Talents in Biotherapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563000, China
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (G.L.); (L.X.)
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8
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Zhou Y, Liu F, Ma C, Cheng Q. Involvement of microRNAs and their potential diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic role in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24673. [PMID: 36036748 PMCID: PMC9551129 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85%-90% of primary liver cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting the 3'UTR of mRNA. Abnormal expression and regulation of miRNAs are involved in the occurrence and progression of HCC, and miRNAs can also play a role in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. METHODS In the past decades, a large number of studies have shown that miRNAs play an essential regulatory role in HCC and have potential as biomarkers for HCC. We reviewed the literature to summarize these studies. RESULTS By reviewing the literature, we retrospected the roles of miRNAs in the development, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HCC, and put forward prospects for the further research on miRNAs in the precision treatment of HCC. CONCLUSION MicroRNAs are important regulators and biomarkers in the occurrence, progression, outcome, and treatment of HCC, and can provide new targets and strategies for improving the therapeutic effect of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunyang Ma
- Department of Surgery, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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9
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Shen Z, Shao J, Sun J, Xu J. Exosomes released by melanocytes modulate fibroblasts to promote keloid formation: a pilot study. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:699-704. [PMID: 35953762 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Keloids are a common type of pathological scar as a result of skin healing, which are extremely difficult to prevent and treat without recurrence. The pathological mechanism of keloids is the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts, which synthesize more extracellular matrices (ECMs), including type I/III collagen (COL-1/3), mucopolysaccharides, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF, also known as cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2)), and fibronectin (FN) in scar tissue, mostly through the abnormal activation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smads pathway (Finnson et al., 2013; Song et al., 2018). Genetic factors, including race and skin tone, are considered to contribute to keloid formation. The reported incidence of keloids in black people is as high as 16%, whereas white people are less affected. The prevalence ratio of colored people to white people is 5:1-15:1 (Rockwell et al., 1989; LaRanger et al., 2019). In addition, keloids have not been reported in albinism patients of any race, and those with darker skin in the same race are more likely to develop this disease (LaRanger et al., 2019). Skin melanocyte activity is significantly different among people with different skin tones. The more active the melanocyte function, the more melanin is produced and the darker the skin. Similarly, in the same individual, the incidence of keloids increases during periods when melanocytes are active, such as adolescence and pregnancy. Keloids rarely appear in areas where melanocytes synthesize less melanin, such as in the palms and soles. Thus, the formation of keloids seems to be closely related to melanocyte activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeren Shen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jinjin Shao
- Center of Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310059, China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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10
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The Regulatory Effects of MicroRNAs on Tumor Immunity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2121993. [PMID: 35909469 PMCID: PMC9329000 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2121993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are endogenous noncoding small RNAs that posttranscriptionally regulate the expressions of their target genes. Accumulating research shows that miRNAs are crucial regulators of immune cell growth and antitumor immune response. Studies on miRNAs and tumors primarily focus on the tumor itself. At the same time, relatively few studies on the indirect regulatory effects of miRNAs in the development of tumors are achieved by affecting the immune system of tumor hosts and altering their immune responses. This review discusses the influence of miRNAs on the antitumor immune system.
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11
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An Eleven-microRNA Signature Related to Tumor-Associated Macrophages Predicts Prognosis of Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136994. [PMID: 35805995 PMCID: PMC9266835 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been known to play important roles in tumor development and progression. However, the understanding of the involvement of miRNAs in regulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and how these TAM-related miRNAs (TRMs) modulate cancer progression is still in its infancy. This study aims to explore the prognostic value of TRMs in breast cancer via the construction of a novel TRM signature. Potential TRMs were identified from the literature, and their prognostic value was evaluated using 1063 cases in The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Cancer database. The TRM signature was further validated in the external Gene Expression Omnibus GSE22220 dataset. Gene sets enrichment analyses were performed to gain insight into the biological functions of this TRM signature. An eleven-TRM signature consisting of mir-21, mir-24-2, mir-125a, mir-221, mir-22, mir-501, mir-365b, mir-660, mir-146a, let-7b and mir-31 was constructed. This signature significantly differentiated the high-risk group from the low-risk in terms of overall survival (OS)/ distant-relapse free survival (DRFS) (p value < 0.001). The prognostic value of the signature was further enhanced by incorporating other independent prognostic factors in a nomogram-based prediction model, yielding the highest AUC of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72−0.86) at 5-year OS. Enrichment analyses confirmed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in immune-related pathways such as adaptive immune response, humoral immune response and Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. This eleven-TRM signature has great potential as a prognostic factor for breast cancer patients besides unravelling the dysregulated immune pathways in high-risk breast cancer.
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12
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Wang B, Xiao H, Yang X, Zeng Y, Zhang Z, Yang R, Chen H, Chen C, Chen J. A novel immune-related microRNA signature for prognosis of thymoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4739-4754. [PMID: 35675033 PMCID: PMC9217705 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune microenvironment and microRNAs serve as common predictors for diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. METHODS Expression of 122 genes and 126 microRNAs in thymoma was obtained from TCGA database. The proportion of tumor-infiltrating cells was calculated, and IMRS was constructed. TREM2hi score was calculated before functional enrichment analysis on gene sets. RESULTS IMRS3, TREM2hi score, and CD8+ T lymphocyte abundance were significantly different among WHO classifications. WHO classification, Masaoka staging, and miR-130b-5p, miR-1307-3p, miR-425-5p, CD8, CD68, and CCL18 expression were prognostic factors for relapse-free survival and overall survival. IMRS3 upregulation polarized macrophages into M2, which rejected CD8+ T and other effector lymphocytes to promote thymoma malignant progression. CONCLUSIONS BRRS may present a novel immune-related microRNA signature for TET prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - He Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 410309, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Chongqing 100039, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.,Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Junxia Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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13
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Huang H, Sun J, Li Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Zhu H, Yu X. Impact of the tumor immune microenvironment on the outcome of pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study based on clinical pathological analysis. Gland Surg 2022; 11:472-482. [PMID: 35284302 PMCID: PMC8899427 DOI: 10.21037/gs-22-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cancerous microenvironment, characterized by the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, play a critical role in regulating the progression of cancer and treating efficiency of immunotherapy. However, the distribution of these cells and their associated cytokines in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer (PC) are not yet fully understood. Our study aims to analyze the contents of CD4+IL-17+ and CD8+ T cells in PC and their relationship with the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of patients. METHODS PC tissues and adjacent tissues were retrospectively collected from 40 patients in our hospital. The expression of CD4, IL-17, and CD8 in histological samples was measured by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between CD4, IL-17, and CD8 expression and clinical characteristics was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The risk factors affecting the outcome of PC were examined by the Cox proportional hazards model, then a nomogram predicting the survival of PC using these risk factors was established. RESULTS The content of CD4+IL-17+ T cells in PC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues, while the number of CD8+ T cells was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues (P<0.01). CD4+ T cells in PC tissues was significantly associated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). IL-17 and CD8 were significantly associated with histological grade, TNM stage, local infiltration, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The median survival times (MSTs) of CD4 positive and negative patients were 13.2 and 21.4 months, respectively. The MSTs of IL-17 positive and negative patients were 10.4 and 24.8 months, respectively. The MSTs were 21.9 and 11.8 months for CD8 positive and negative patients, respectively (P<0.05). The Cox regression model demonstrated that TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, and CD4+IL-17+ and CD8+ T cells affected PC prognosis (P<0.05). The nomogram showed that the survival probability was reduced in patients with TNM stage III to IV, lymph node metastasis, high CD4+IL-17+ level, and low CD8+ expression. CONCLUSIONS CD4+IL-17+ and CD8+ T cells in PC tissues are associated with TNM staging, lymph node metastasis, and MST, and can be used as new prognostic indicators for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jichun Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianlin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China, Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China, Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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14
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Tumor-promoting mechanisms of macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles-enclosed microRNA-660 in breast cancer progression. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 192:353-368. [PMID: 35084622 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Current therapies have remarkably improved the prognosis of breast cancer patients but still fail to manage metastatic breast cancer. Here, the present study was set to explore the role of microRNA (miR)-660 from tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in breast cancer, particularly in metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected breast cancer tissues and isolated their polarized macrophages as well as extracellular vesicles (EVs), in which we measured the expression of miR-660, Kelch-like Protein 21 (KLHL21), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65. Breast cancer cells were transfected with miR-660 mimic, miR-660 inhibitor, and sh-KLHL21 and then the cells were co-cultured with EVs or TAMs followed by detection of invasion and migration. Finally, mouse model of breast cancer was established to detect the effect of miR-660 or KLHL21 on metastasis by measuring the lymph node metastasis (LNM) foci in femur and lung. RESULTS KLHL21 was poorly expressed, whereas miR-660 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cells. Of note, low KLHL21 expression or high miR-660 expression was related to poor overall survival. EVs-contained miR-660 was identified to bind to KLHL21, reducing the binding between KLHL21 and inhibitor kappa B kinase β (IKKβ) to activate the NF-κB p65 signaling pathway. Interestingly, EV-loaded miR-660 from TAMs could be internalized by breast cancer cells. Moreover, silencing of KLHL21 increased the number of lung LNM foci in vivo, while EVs-contained miR-660 promoted cancerous cell invasion and migration. DISCUSSION Taken altogether, our work shows that TAMs-EVs-shuttled miR-660 promotes breast cancer progression through KLHL21-mediated IKKβ/NF-κB p65 axis.
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15
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Duan S, Wang S, Huang T, Wang J, Yuan X. circRNAs: Insight Into Their Role in Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Front Oncol 2021; 11:780744. [PMID: 34926295 PMCID: PMC8671731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.780744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, it is well known that the tumor microenvironment not only provides energy support for tumor growth but also regulates tumor signaling pathways and promotes the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of tumor cells. The tumor microenvironment, especially the function and mechanism of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), has attracted great attention. TAMs are the most common immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and play a vital role in the occurrence and development of tumors. circular RNA (circRNA) is a unique, widespread, and stable form of non-coding RNA (ncRNA), but little is known about the role of circRNAs in TAMs or how TAMs affect circRNAs. In this review, we summarize the specific manifestations of circRNAs that affect the tumor-associated macrophages and play a significant role in tumor progression. This review helps improve our understanding of the association between circRNAs and TAMs, thereby promoting the development and progress of potential clinical targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saili Duan
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junpu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Junpu Wang, ; Xiaoqing Yuan,
| | - Xiaoqing Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Junpu Wang, ; Xiaoqing Yuan,
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16
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Chen H, Wang J, Wang H, Liang J, Dong J, Bai H, Jiang G. Advances in the application of Let-7 microRNAs in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of leukemia. Oncol Lett 2021; 23:1. [PMID: 34820000 PMCID: PMC8607238 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lethal-7 (Let-7) family of microRNAs (miRNAs) controls the process of development and differentiation, but is also related to the occurrence of tumors and a poor prognosis of patients with tumors. Thus, a more comprehensive exploration of its functions will provide further insights into these processes, and may promote the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Leukemia is a type of progressive malignant disease, and its pathogenesis involves a variety of epigenetic factors. Amongst the several related epigenetic factors, the Let-7 miRNAs are an important family of molecules that play a crucial role in maintaining a variety of critical biological processes, including development, differentiation and proliferation. In the present study, the role of Let-7 as a tumor suppressor gene and oncogene is reviewed, and the complex regulatory functions of several Let-7 family members in different subtypes of leukemia are described. The current body of knowledge thus far indicates that Let-7 is not only a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker of leukemia, but also a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of affected patients, with particular potential when targeted by adjuvant treatments alongside traditional treatment to improve their survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jiewei Wang
- Department of Transfusion, Jinan Zhangqiu District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jingru Liang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Dong
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Houqiao Bai
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai, Shandong 264200, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China.,Institute of Immunology and Biotechnology Transformation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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17
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Footprints of microRNAs in Cancer Biology. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101494. [PMID: 34680611 PMCID: PMC8533183 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Over the past years, various studies have demonstrated the role of aberrant miRNA expression in the onset of cancer. The mechanisms by which miRNA exerts its cancer-promoting or inhibitory effects are apparent through the various cancer hallmarks, which include selective proliferative advantage, altered stress response, vascularization, invasion and metastasis, metabolic rewiring, the tumor microenvironment and immune modulation; therefore, this review aims to highlight the association between miRNAs and the various cancer hallmarks by dissecting the mechanisms of miRNA regulation in each hallmark separately. It is hoped that the information presented herein will provide further insights regarding the role of cancer and serve as a guideline to evaluate the potential of microRNAs to be utilized as biomarkers and therapeutic targets on a larger scale in cancer research.
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18
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Lecoeur H, Prina E, Gutiérrez-Sanchez M, Späth GF. Going ballistic: Leishmania nuclear subversion of host cell plasticity. Trends Parasitol 2021; 38:205-216. [PMID: 34666937 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular parasites have evolved intricate strategies to subvert host cell functions for their own survival. These strategies are particularly damaging to the host if the infection involves immune cells, as illustrated by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania that thrive inside mononuclear phagocytic cells, causing devastating immunopathologies. While the impact of Leishmania infection on host cell phenotype and functions has been well documented, the regulatory mechanisms underlying host cell subversion were only recently investigated. Here we summarize the current knowledge on how Leishmania infection affects host nuclear activities and propose thought-provoking new concepts on the reciprocal relationship between epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in host cell phenotypic plasticity, its potential subversion by the intracellular parasite, and its relevance for host-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Lecoeur
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France
| | - Eric Prina
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France
| | - Maria Gutiérrez-Sanchez
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France; UMR 8076 CNRS BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Gerald F Späth
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, INSERM U1201, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, Paris, France.
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19
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Liu Y, Wan X, Yuan Y, Huang J, Jiang Y, Zhao K, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang Q, Jin H. Opposite effects of miR-155 in the initial and later stages of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:590-598. [PMID: 34269011 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although microRNA-155 (miR-155) is considered a pro-inflammatory mediator, cumulative evidence indicates that it also has anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages and dendritic cells. In this study, we identified the dramatic expression changes of more than half of potential miR-155-targeted genes upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation; 223 genes were down-regulated and 85 genes were up-regulated, including suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1-binding protein 2 (TAB2), two well-known genes involved in miR-155-mediated regulation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. We also found that miR-155 acted as an anti-inflammatory mediator in the initial stage of LPS-induced inflammatory response mainly through repressing TAB2 protein translation, and as a pro-inflammatory mediator by down-regulating SOCS1 in the later stage. Meanwhile, overexpression of TAB2 3' untranslated region (UTR) in macrophages promoted the development of endotoxin tolerance by competing for binding with miR-155, which resulted in an elevated expression level of SOCS1 protein. These findings provide new insights for understanding the regulatory mechanisms in fine-tuning of LPS-induced innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Liu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wan
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yijia Jiang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhao
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongchuan Jin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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20
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Munir MT, Kay MK, Kang MH, Rahman MM, Al-Harrasi A, Choudhury M, Moustaid-Moussa N, Hussain F, Rahman SM. Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Multifaceted Regulators of Breast Tumor Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6526. [PMID: 34207035 PMCID: PMC8233875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women of Western countries and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The breast tumor microenvironment contains immune cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and extracellular matrix. Among these cells, macrophages or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major components of the breast cancer microenvironment. TAMs facilitate metastasis of the breast tumor and are responsible for poor clinical outcomes. High TAM density was also found liable for the poor prognosis of breast cancer. These observations make altering TAM function a potential therapeutic target to treat breast cancer. The present review summarizes the origin of TAMs, mechanisms of macrophage recruitment and polarization in the tumor, and the contributions of TAMs in tumor progression. We have also discussed our current knowledge about TAM-targeted therapies and the roles of miRNAs and exosomes in re-educating TAM function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliha Tabassum Munir
- Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.T.M.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Matthew K. Kay
- Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.K.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Min H. Kang
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Md Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz 616, Oman;
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Texas A&M University Health Sciences Center, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (M.K.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Naima Moustaid-Moussa
- Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.T.M.); (N.M.-M.)
- Obesity Research Institute, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Fazle Hussain
- Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz 616, Oman;
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21
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Khalaf K, Hana D, Chou JTT, Singh C, Mackiewicz A, Kaczmarek M. Aspects of the Tumor Microenvironment Involved in Immune Resistance and Drug Resistance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:656364. [PMID: 34122412 PMCID: PMC8190405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and ever-changing "rogue organ" composed of its own blood supply, lymphatic and nervous systems, stroma, immune cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). These complex components, utilizing both benign and malignant cells, nurture the harsh, immunosuppressive and nutrient-deficient environment necessary for tumor cell growth, proliferation and phenotypic flexibility and variation. An important aspect of the TME is cellular crosstalk and cell-to-ECM communication. This interaction induces the release of soluble factors responsible for immune evasion and ECM remodeling, which further contribute to therapy resistance. Other aspects are the presence of exosomes contributed by both malignant and benign cells, circulating deregulated microRNAs and TME-specific metabolic patterns which further potentiate the progression and/or resistance to therapy. In addition to biochemical signaling, specific TME characteristics such as the hypoxic environment, metabolic derangements, and abnormal mechanical forces have been implicated in the development of treatment resistance. In this review, we will provide an overview of tumor microenvironmental composition, structure, and features that influence immune suppression and contribute to treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Khalaf
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Doris Hana
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jadzia Tin-Tsen Chou
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Chandpreet Singh
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Mackiewicz
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Diagnostics and Immunology, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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22
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Kimm MA, Klenk C, Alunni-Fabbroni M, Kästle S, Stechele M, Ricke J, Eisenblätter M, Wildgruber M. Tumor-Associated Macrophages-Implications for Molecular Oncology and Imaging. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040374. [PMID: 33918295 PMCID: PMC8066018 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the largest group of leukocytes within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors and orchestrate the composition of anti- as well as pro-tumorigenic factors. This makes TAMs an excellent target for novel cancer therapies. The plasticity of TAMs resulting in varying membrane receptors and expression of intracellular proteins allow the specific characterization of different subsets of TAMs. Those markers similarly allow tracking of TAMs by different means of molecular imaging. This review aims to provides an overview of the origin of tumor-associated macrophages, their polarization in different subtypes, and how characteristic markers of the subtypes can be used as targets for molecular imaging and theranostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Kimm
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (C.K.); (M.A.-F.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Christopher Klenk
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (C.K.); (M.A.-F.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Marianna Alunni-Fabbroni
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (C.K.); (M.A.-F.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Sophia Kästle
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (C.K.); (M.A.-F.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Matthias Stechele
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (C.K.); (M.A.-F.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Jens Ricke
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (C.K.); (M.A.-F.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.R.)
| | - Michel Eisenblätter
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Freiburg University Hospital, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Moritz Wildgruber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.A.K.); (C.K.); (M.A.-F.); (S.K.); (M.S.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0-89-4400-76640
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23
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Li LJ, Chang WM, Hsiao M. Aberrant Expression of microRNA Clusters in Head and Neck Cancer Development and Progression: Current and Future Translational Impacts. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14030194. [PMID: 33673471 PMCID: PMC7997248 DOI: 10.3390/ph14030194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs known to negative regulate endogenous genes. Some microRNAs have high sequence conservation and localize as clusters in the genome. Their coordination is regulated by simple genetic and epigenetic events mechanism. In cells, single microRNAs can regulate multiple genes and microRNA clusters contain multiple microRNAs. MicroRNAs can be differentially expressed and act as oncogenic or tumor suppressor microRNAs, which are based on the roles of microRNA-regulated genes. It is vital to understand their effects, regulation, and various biological functions under both normal and disease conditions. Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas are some of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and are regulated by many factors, including the dysregulation of microRNAs and their clusters. In disease stages, microRNA clusters can potentially control every field of oncogenic function, including growth, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and intercellular commutation. Furthermore, microRNA clusters are regulated by genetic mutations or translocations, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifications. Additionally, microRNA clusters harbor the potential to act therapeutically against cancer in the future. Here, we review recent advances in microRNA cluster research, especially relative to head and neck cancers, and discuss their regulation and biological functions under pathological conditions as well as translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Min Chang
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2789–8752
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24
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Raue R, Frank AC, Syed SN, Brüne B. Therapeutic Targeting of MicroRNAs in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042210. [PMID: 33672261 PMCID: PMC7926641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor-microenvironment (TME) is an amalgamation of various factors derived from malignant cells and infiltrating host cells, including cells of the immune system. One of the important factors of the TME is microRNAs (miRs) that regulate target gene expression at a post transcriptional level. MiRs have been found to be dysregulated in tumor as well as in stromal cells and they emerged as important regulators of tumorigenesis. In fact, miRs regulate almost all hallmarks of cancer, thus making them attractive tools and targets for novel anti-tumoral treatment strategies. Tumor to stroma cell cross-propagation of miRs to regulate protumoral functions has been a salient feature of the TME. MiRs can either act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes (oncomiRs) and both miR mimics as well as miR inhibitors (antimiRs) have been used in preclinical trials to alter cancer and stromal cell phenotypes. Owing to their cascading ability to regulate upstream target genes and their chemical nature, which allows specific pharmacological targeting, miRs are attractive targets for anti-tumor therapy. In this review, we cover a recent update on our understanding of dysregulated miRs in the TME and provide an overview of how these miRs are involved in current cancer-therapeutic approaches from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Raue
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (R.R.); (A.-C.F.)
| | - Ann-Christin Frank
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (R.R.); (A.-C.F.)
| | - Shahzad Nawaz Syed
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (R.R.); (A.-C.F.)
- Correspondence: (S.N.S.); (B.B.); Tel.: +49-69-6301-7424 (B.B.)
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (R.R.); (A.-C.F.)
- Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.N.S.); (B.B.); Tel.: +49-69-6301-7424 (B.B.)
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25
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Elchaninov A, Lokhonina A, Nikitina M, Vishnyakova P, Makarov A, Arutyunyan I, Poltavets A, Kananykhina E, Kovalchuk S, Karpulevich E, Bolshakova G, Sukhikh G, Fatkhudinov T. Comparative Analysis of the Transcriptome, Proteome, and miRNA Profile of Kupffer Cells and Monocytes. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120627. [PMID: 33352881 PMCID: PMC7766432 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage populations in most mammalian organs consist of cells of different origin. Resident macrophages originate from erythromyeloid precursors of the yolk sac wall; maintenance of the numbers of such macrophages in postnatal ontogenesis is practically independent of bone marrow haematopoiesis. The largest populations of the resident macrophages of embryonic origin are found in the central nervous system (microglia) and liver (Kupffer cells). In contrast, skin dermis and mucous membranes become predominantly colonized by bone marrow-derived monocytes that show pronounced functional and phenotypic plasticity. In the present study, we compared Kupffer cells and monocytes using the immunophenotype, gene expression profile, proteome, and pool of microRNA. The observed differences did not consider the resident liver macrophages as purely M2 macrophages or state that monocytes have purely M1 features. Monocytes show signs of high plasticity and sensitivity to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (e.g., high levels of transcription for Tlr 2, 4, 7, and 8). In contrast, the resident liver macrophages were clearly involved in the regulation of specific organ functions (nitrogen metabolism, complement system protein synthesis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Elchaninov
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasia Lokhonina
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Maria Nikitina
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey Makarov
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Irina Arutyunyan
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Anastasiya Poltavets
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Evgenia Kananykhina
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Sergey Kovalchuk
- Laboratory of Bioinformatic Methods for Combinatorial Chemistry and Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Evgeny Karpulevich
- Information Systems Department, Ivannikov Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 109004 Moscow, Russia;
- Genome Engineering Laboratory, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Galina Bolshakova
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (P.V.); (A.M.); (I.A.); (A.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Histology Department, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Growth and Development, Scientific Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (M.N.); (E.K.); (G.B.)
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26
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Abstract
This special feature contains three review articles that summarize recent advances pertaining to tumor immunobiology. Normalization of antitumor immunity through checkpoint inhibitors has achieved significant clinical success and benefited many cancer patients. However, not all cancer patients respond to these treatments, and among the responders, some may develop resistance and others may suffer autoimmunity that requires intervention. Tumor immunotherapy holds promise for further improving the survival of cancer patients, but deeper understanding of immunological networks that regulate anti- and pro-tumor immunity is needed. The review papers collected in this issue cover a few topics that may stimulate future interest in the relevant research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinguo Jiang
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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27
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Chatterjee B, Saha P, Bose S, Shukla D, Chatterjee N, Kumar S, Tripathi PP, Srivastava AK. MicroRNAs: As Critical Regulators of Tumor- Associated Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197117. [PMID: 32992449 PMCID: PMC7582892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging shreds of evidence suggest that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) modulate various hallmarks of cancer during tumor progression. Tumor microenvironment (TME) prime TAMs to execute important roles in cancer development and progression, including angiogenesis, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) secretion, and extracellular matrix (ECM) disruption. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical epigenetic regulators, which modulate various functions in diverse types of cells, including macrophages associated with TME. In this review article, we provide an update on miRNAs regulating differentiation, maturation, activation, polarization, and recruitment of macrophages in the TME. Furthermore, extracellular miRNAs are secreted from cancerous cells, which control macrophages phenotypic plasticity to support tumor growth. In return, TAMs also secrete various miRNAs that regulate tumor growth. Herein, we also describe the recent updates on the molecular connection between tumor cells and macrophages. A better understanding of the interaction between miRNAs and TAMs will provide new pharmacological targets to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilash Chatterjee
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB 700032, India; (B.C.); (P.S.); (S.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB 700032, India; (B.C.); (P.S.); (S.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Subhankar Bose
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB 700032, India; (B.C.); (P.S.); (S.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Devendra Shukla
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB 700032, India; (B.C.); (P.S.); (S.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, WB 700026, India;
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517507, India;
| | - Prem Prakash Tripathi
- Cell Biology & Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB 700032, India;
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, WB 700032, India; (B.C.); (P.S.); (S.B.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence:
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28
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Du ER, Fan RP, Rong LL, Xie Z, Xu CS. Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of microglial inhibitors in neuropathic pain and morphine tolerance. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:204-217. [PMID: 32133798 PMCID: PMC7086010 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are important cells involved in the regulation of neuropathic pain (NPP) and morphine tolerance. Information on their plasticity and polarity has been elucidated after determining their physiological structure, but there is still much to learn about the role of this type of cell in NPP and morphine tolerance. Microglia mediate multiple functions in health and disease by controlling damage in the central nervous system (CNS) and endogenous immune responses to disease. Microglial activation can result in altered opioid system activity, and NPP is characterized by resistance to morphine. Here we investigate the regulatory mechanisms of microglia and review the potential of microglial inhibitors for modulating NPP and morphine tolerance. Targeted inhibition of glial activation is a clinically promising approach to the treatment of NPP and the prevention of morphine tolerance. Finally, we suggest directions for future research on microglial inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-rong Du
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Rong-ping Fan
- Department of Fourth Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Li-lou Rong
- Department of Fourth Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhen Xie
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chang-shui Xu
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
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