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Shi X, Simms KJ, Ewing TJ, Lin YP, Chen YL, Melvan JN, Siggins RW, Zhang P. The bone marrow endothelial progenitor cell response to septic infection. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1368099. [PMID: 38665923 PMCID: PMC11044677 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1368099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Early increase in the level of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the systemic circulation occurs in patients with septic infection/sepsis. The significance and underlying mechanisms of this response remain unclear. This study investigated the bone marrow EPC response in adult mice with septic infection induced by intravenous injection (i.v.) of Escherichia coli. For in vitro experiments, sorted marrow stem/progenitor cells (SPCs) including lineage(lin)-stem cell factor receptor (c-kit)+stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1)-, lin-c-kit+, and lin- cells were cultured with or without lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and recombinant murine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the absence and presence of anti-Sca-1 crosslinking antibodies. In a separate set of experiments, marrow lin-c-kit+ cells from green fluorescence protein (GFP)+ mice, i.v. challenged with heat-inactivated E. coli or saline for 24 h, were subcutaneously implanted in Matrigel plugs for 5 weeks. Marrow lin-c-kit+ cells from Sca-1 knockout (KO) mice challenged with heat-inactivated E. coli for 24 h were cultured in the Matrigel medium for 8 weeks. The marrow pool of EPCs bearing the lin-c-kit+Sca-1+VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2)+ (LKS VEGFR2+) and LKS CD133+VEGFR2+ surface markers expanded rapidly following septic infection, which was supported by both proliferative activation and phenotypic conversion of marrow stem/progenitor cells. Increase in marrow EPCs and their reprogramming for enhancing angiogenic activity correlated with cell-marked upregulation of Sca-1 expression. Sca-1 was coupled with Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (Rac2) in signaling the marrow EPC response. Septic infection caused a substantial increase in plasma levels of IFN-γ, VEGF, G-CSF, and SDF-1. The early increase in circulating EPCs was accompanied by their active homing and incorporation into pulmonary microvasculature. These results demonstrate that the marrow EPC response is a critical component of the host defense system. Sca-1 signaling plays a pivotal role in the regulation of EPC response in mice with septic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Kevin J. Simms
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Thomas J. Ewing
- West Clinical Laboratory, Lakeland Regional Health Medical Center, Lakeland, FL, United States
| | | | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - John N. Melvan
- Memorial Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL, United States
| | - Robert W. Siggins
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
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2
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Zheng K, Wei Z, Li W. Ecological insights into hematopoiesis regulation: unraveling the influence of gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2350784. [PMID: 38727219 PMCID: PMC11093038 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2350784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota constitutes a vast ecological system within the human body, forming a mutually interdependent entity with the host. In recent years, advancements in molecular biology technologies have provided a clearer understanding of the role of the gut microbiota. They not only influence the local immune status and metabolic functions of the host's intestinal tract but also impact the functional transformation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through the gut-blood axis. In this review, we will discuss the role of the gut microbiota in influencing hematopoiesis. We analyze the interactions between HSCs and other cellular components, with a particular emphasis on the direct functional regulation of HSCs by the gut microbiota and their indirect influence through cellular components in the bone marrow microenvironment. Additionally, we propose potential control targets for signaling pathways triggered by the gut microbiota to regulate hematopoietic function, filling crucial knowledge gaps in the development of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Zheng
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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3
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Owen-Woods C, Kusumbe A. Fundamentals of bone vasculature: Specialization, interactions and functions. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 123:36-47. [PMID: 34281770 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, hematopoiesis and osteogenesis are fundamental processes mediating complex and essential biological functions. In the bone marrow, endothelial cells (ECs) are a principal mediator of regulatory signals that govern hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. EC and osteoblast interactions and niche functions of ECs are fundamental in maintaining bone health and coordinating repair and regeneration following injury. These cellular interactions are subject to dysregulation and deterioration under stress, aging, chronic disease states and malignancy. Thus, the prospect of manipulating the bone vasculature has tremendous potential to advance therapeutic interventions for the management of bone diseases. This review discusses the current state of vascular-skeletal tissue interactions focusing on osteoblast and hematopoietic stem cells interaction with ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Owen-Woods
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Anjali Kusumbe
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK.
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4
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Skirecki T, Drechsler S, Jeznach A, Hoser G, Jafarmadar M, Kawiak J, Osuchowski MF. An Early Myelosuppression in the Acute Mouse Sepsis Is Partly Outcome-Dependent. Front Immunol 2021; 12:708670. [PMID: 34367170 PMCID: PMC8339578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.708670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) respond to bacterial infections by expansion to myeloid cells. Sepsis impairs this process by suppressing differentiation of stem cells subsequently contributing to an ineffective immune response. Whether the magnitude of HSPCs impairment in sepsis is severity-dependent remains unknown. This study investigated dynamics of the HSPC immune-inflammatory response in the bone marrow, splenic, and blood compartments in moribund and surviving septic mice. The 12-week-old outbred CD-1 female mice (n=65) were subjected to a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis, treated with antibiotics and fluid resuscitation, and stratified into predicted-to-die (P-DIE) and predicted-to-survive (P-SUR) cohorts for analysis. CLP strongly reduced the common myeloid and multipotent progenitors, short- and long-term hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) counts in the bone marrow; lineage−ckit+Sca-1+ and short-term HSC suppression was greater in P-DIE versus P-SUR mice. A profound depletion of the common myeloid progenitors occurred in the blood (by 75%) and spleen (by 77%) of P-DIE. In P-SUR, most common circulating HSPCs subpopulations recovered to baseline by 72 h post-CLP. Analysis of activated caspase-1/-3/-7 revealed an increased apoptotic (by 30%) but not pyroptotic signaling in the bone marrow HSCs of P-DIE mice. The bone marrow from P-DIE mice revealed spikes of IL-6 (by 5-fold), CXCL1/KC (15-fold), CCL3/MIP-1α (1.7-fold), and CCL2/MCP-1 (2.8-fold) versus P-SUR and control (TNF, IFN-γ, IL-1β, -5, -10 remained unaltered). Summarizing, our findings demonstrate that an early sepsis-induced impairment of myelopoiesis is strongly outcome-dependent but varies among compartments. It is suggestive that the HSCPC loss is at least partly due to an increased apoptosis but not pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Skirecki
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Susanne Drechsler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt (AUVA) Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aldona Jeznach
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Hoser
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohammad Jafarmadar
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt (AUVA) Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jerzy Kawiak
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin F Osuchowski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt (AUVA) Research Center, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Kelly LS, Darden DB, Fenner BP, Efron PA, Mohr AM. The Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Response to Hemorrhage, Injury, and Sepsis: A Review of Pathophysiology. Shock 2021; 56:30-41. [PMID: 33234838 PMCID: PMC8141062 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) have both unique and common responses following hemorrhage, injury, and sepsis. HSPCs from different lineages have a distinctive response to these "stress" signals. Inflammation, via the production of inflammatory factors, including cytokines, hormones, and interferons, has been demonstrated to impact the differentiation and function of HSPCs. In response to injury, hemorrhagic shock, and sepsis, cellular phenotypic changes and altered function occur, demonstrating the rapid response and potential adaptability of bone marrow hematopoietic cells. In this review, we summarize the pathophysiology of emergency myelopoiesis and the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, impaired erythropoiesis, as well as the mobilization of HSPCs from the bone marrow. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic options to optimize HSPC function after severe trauma or infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Kelly
- Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
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6
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Sioud M. Microbial sensing by haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells: Vigilance against infections and immune education of myeloid cells. Scand J Immunol 2020; 92:e12957. [PMID: 32767789 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) express pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to sense microbial products and activation of these innate immune receptors induces cytokine expression and redirects bone marrow haematopoiesis towards the increased production of myeloid cells. Secreted cytokines by HSPCs in response to TLR ligands can act in an autocrine or paracrine manner to regulate haematopoiesis. Moreover, tonic activation of HSPCs by microbiota-derived compounds might educate HSPCs to produce superior myeloid cells equipped with innate memory responses to combat pathogens. While haematopoietic stem cell activation through TLRs meets the increased demand for blood leucocytes to protect the host against infection, persistent exposure to inflammatory cytokines or microbial products might impair their function and even induce malignant transformation. This review highlights the potential outcomes of HSPCs in response to TLR ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouldy Sioud
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Montebello, Norway
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7
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Shi X, Simms KJ, Zhang P. Acute Alcohol Intoxication Impairs Sonic Hedgehog-Gli1 Signaling and Activation of Primitive Hematopoietic Precursor Cells in the Early Stage of Host Response to Bacteremia. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:1977-1987. [PMID: 32772391 PMCID: PMC7720280 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of hematopoietic stem cells [HSCs, lineage(lin)- stem cell growth factor receptor (c-kit)+ stem cell antigen-1(Sca-1)+ , or LKS cells in mice] is critical for initiating the granulopoietic response. This study determined the effect of alcohol exposure on sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling in the regulation of HSC activation during bacteremia. METHODS Acute alcohol intoxication was induced in mice by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 20% alcohol (5 g alcohol/kg body weight). Control mice received i.p. saline. Thirty minutes later, mice were intravenously (i.v.) injected with Escherichia coli (E. coli, 1 to 5 × 107 CFUs/mouse) or saline. RESULTS SHH expression by lineage-negative bone marrow cells (BMCs) was significantly increased 24 hours after E. coli infection. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)-specificity protein 1 (Sp1) signaling promotes SHH expression. ERK1/2 was markedly activated in BMCs 8 hours following E. coli infection. Alcohol suppressed both the activation of ERK1/2 and up-regulation of SHH expression following E. coli infection. E. coli infection up-regulated GLI family zinc finger 1 (Gli1) gene expression by BMCs and increased Gli1 protein content in LKS cells. The extent of Gli1 expression was correlated with the activity of proliferation in LKS cells. Alcohol inhibited up-regulation of Gli1 expression and activation of LKS cells in response to E. coli infection. Alcohol also interrupted the granulopoietic response to bacteremia. CONCLUSION These data show that alcohol disrupts SHH-Gli1 signaling and HSC activation in the early stage of the granulopoietic response, which may serve as an important mechanism underlying the impairment of immune defense against bacterial infection in host excessively consuming alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- From the Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Kevin J Simms
- From the Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Ping Zhang
- From the Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
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8
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Jahandideh B, Derakhshani M, Abbaszadeh H, Akbar Movassaghpour A, Mehdizadeh A, Talebi M, Yousefi M. The pro-Inflammatory cytokines effects on mobilization, self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:206-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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9
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Zhang X, Karatepe K, Chiewchengchol D, Zhu H, Guo R, Liu P, Yu H, Ren Q, Luo X, Cheng T, Ma F, Xu Y, Han M, Luo HR. Bacteria-Induced Acute Inflammation Does Not Reduce the Long-Term Reconstitution Capacity of Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:626. [PMID: 32373117 PMCID: PMC7179742 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogen-initiated chronic inflammation or autoimmune diseases accelerate proliferation and promote differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) but simultaneously reduce reconstitution capacity. Nevertheless, the effect of acute infection and inflammation on functional HSCs is still largely unknown. Here we found that acute infection elicited by heat-inactivated Escherichia coli (HIEC) expanded bone marrow lineage-negative (Lin)− stem-cell antigen 1 (Sca-1)+cKit+ (LSK) cell population, leading to reduced frequency of functional HSCs in LSK population. However, the total number of BM phenotypic HSCs (Flk2−CD48−CD150+ LSK cells) was not altered in HIEC-challenged mice. Additionally, the reconstitution capacity of the total BM between infected and uninfected mice was similar by both the competitive repopulation assay and measurement of functional HSCs by limiting dilution. Thus, occasionally occurring acute inflammation, which is critical for host defenses, is unlikely to affect HSC self-renewal and maintenance of long-term reconstitution capacity. During acute bacterial infection and inflammation, the hematopoietic system can replenish hematopoietic cells consumed in the innate inflammatory response by accelerating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation, but preserving functional HSCs in the BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States.,Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, United States.,The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Kutay Karatepe
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States.,Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Direkrit Chiewchengchol
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States.,Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Rongxia Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, United States
| | - Qian Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States.,Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tao Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengxia Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingzhe Han
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute (HSCI), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States.,Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, United States
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10
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Bieber K, Autenrieth SE. Dendritic cell development in infection. Mol Immunol 2020; 121:111-117. [PMID: 32199210 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The immune system protects from infections primarily by detecting and eliminating invading pathogens. This is predominantly mediated by innate immune cells like neutrophils, monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) expressing specific receptors recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns. DC activation by pathogens leads to the initiation of antigen-specific adaptive immune responses, thereby bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems. However, various pathogens have evolved immune evasion strategies to ensure their survival. In this review, we highlight recent findings on how various microorganisms or their structural features affect or modulate DC development and whether this has any consequences for a protective immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Bieber
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Tübingen, Germany
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11
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Park MY, Kim HS, Lee HY, Zabel BA, Bae YS. Novel CD11b +Gr-1 +Sca-1 + myeloid cells drive mortality in bacterial infection. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax8820. [PMID: 32010784 PMCID: PMC6976299 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax8820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extreme pathophysiological stressors induce expansion of otherwise infrequent leukocyte populations. Here, we found a previously unidentified CD11b+Gr-1+ myeloid cell population that expresses stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) induced upon experimental infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Although CD11b+Gr-1+Sca-1+ cells have impaired migratory capacity and superoxide anion-producing activity, they secrete increased levels of several cytokines and chemokines compared to Sca-1- counterparts. The generation of CD11b+Gr-1+Sca-1+ cells is dependent on IFN-γ in vivo, and in vitro stimulation of bone marrow cells or granulocyte-macrophage progenitors with IFN-γ generated CD11b+Gr-1+Sca-1+ cells. Depletion of CD11b+Gr-1+Sca-1+ cells by administrating anti-Sca-1 antibody strongly increased survival rates in an S. aureus infection model by reducing organ damage and inflammatory cytokines. However, adoptive transfer of CD11b+Gr-1+Sca-1+ cells decreased survival rates by worsening the pathogenesis of S. aureus infection. Together, we found a previously unidentified pathogenic CD11b+Gr-1+Sca-1+ population that plays an essential role in mortality during bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Young Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Brian A. Zabel
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Yoe-Sik Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
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12
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Tonra JR, Lloyd GK, Mohanlal R, Huang L. Plinabulin ameliorates neutropenia induced by multiple chemotherapies through a mechanism distinct from G-CSF therapies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 85:461-468. [PMID: 31811421 PMCID: PMC7015961 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) increases the risk of infections and mortality in cancer patients. G-CSF therapies are approved for the treatment of CIN, but non-G-CSF therapies are needed to increase efficacy and minimize side effects. Plinabulin is an inhibitor of tubulin polymerization that ameliorates CIN caused in patients by the microtubule stabilizer docetaxel. The present study evaluates the potential of plinabulin to reduce neutropenia induced by chemotherapies of different classes in a manner not dependent on increasing G-CSF. METHODS The anti-CIN benefits of plinabulin were tested in rodents co-treated with docetaxel, cyclophosphamide or doxorubicin. Effects on G-CSF levels were evaluated in tissues by immunoassay. Flow cytometry was utilized to test treatment effects on femur bone marrow cell counts from immunocompetent mice-bearing orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer tumors. RESULTS Plinabulin alleviated neutropenia induced by microtubule stabilizing, DNA cross-linking and DNA intercalating chemotherapies, yet did not affect bone marrow or blood G-CSF levels. The number of lineage-/Sca1+/c-Kit+ (LSK) hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) in murine bone marrow collected 2 days after treatment was not affected by docetaxel monotherapy despite increased plasma G-CSF in this group. LSK cell number was, however, increased when plinabulin was combined with docetaxel, without affecting G-CSF. CONCLUSIONS Results support the clinical testing of plinabulin as a non-G-CSF-based treatment for CIN associated with chemotherapies of different mechanisms. Results also support HSPC as a focal point for future mechanism-of-action work aimed at understanding the ability of plinabulin to reduce this serious side effect of cytotoxic therapy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Tonra
- BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, 28 Liberty Street, 39th Floor, New York, NY, USA.
| | - G Kenneth Lloyd
- BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, 28 Liberty Street, 39th Floor, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ramon Mohanlal
- BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, 28 Liberty Street, 39th Floor, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lan Huang
- BeyondSpring Pharmaceuticals, 28 Liberty Street, 39th Floor, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Esher SK, Fidel PL, Noverr MC. Candida/Staphylococcal Polymicrobial Intra-Abdominal Infection: Pathogenesis and Perspectives for a Novel Form of Trained Innate Immunity. J Fungi (Basel) 2019; 5:E37. [PMID: 31075836 PMCID: PMC6617080 DOI: 10.3390/jof5020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymicrobial sepsis is difficult to diagnose and treat and causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially when fungi are involved. In vitro, synergism between Candida albicans and various bacterial species has been described for many years. Our laboratory has developed a murine model of polymicrobial intra-abdominal infection with Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrating that polymicrobial infections cause high levels of mortality, while monoinfections do not. By contrast, closely related Candida dubliniensis does not cause synergistic lethality and rather provides protection against lethal polymicrobial infection. This protection is thought to be driven by a novel form of trained innate immunity mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which we are proposing to call "trained tolerogenic immunity". MDSC accumulation has been described in patients with sepsis, as well as in in vivo sepsis models. However, clinically, MDSCs are considered detrimental in sepsis, while their role in in vivo models differs depending on the sepsis model and timing. In this review, we will discuss the role of MDSCs in sepsis and infection and summarize our perspectives on their development and function in the spectrum of trained innate immune protection against fungal-bacterial sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon K Esher
- Center of Excellence in Oral and Craniofacial Biology, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Paul L Fidel
- Center of Excellence in Oral and Craniofacial Biology, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA.
| | - Mairi C Noverr
- Center of Excellence in Oral and Craniofacial Biology, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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14
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McCoy KD, Thomson CA. The Impact of Maternal Microbes and Microbial Colonization in Early Life on Hematopoiesis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 200:2519-2526. [PMID: 29632252 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
All body surfaces are colonized by microbes, which occurs through a dynamic process over the first few years of life. Initial colonizing microbes are transferred from the maternal microbiota to the newborn through vertical transmission. Postnatal maturation of the immune system is heavily influenced by these microbes, particularly during early life. Although microbial-mediated education of the immune system is better understood at mucosal sites, recent data indicate that the systemic immune system is also shaped by the microbiota. Bacterial products and metabolites produced through microbial metabolism can reach distal sites, and metabolites derived from the maternal microbiota can cross the placenta and are present in milk. Recent studies show that the microbiota can even influence immune development in primary lymphoid organs like the bone marrow. This review outlines our current knowledge of how the microbiota can impact hematopoiesis, with a focus on the effects of maternal and early-life microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy D McCoy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Carolyn A Thomson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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15
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Abstract
Granulocytes are the major type of phagocytes constituting the front line of innate immune defense against bacterial infection. In adults, granulocytes are derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Alcohol is the most frequently abused substance in human society. Excessive alcohol consumption injures hematopoietic tissue, impairing bone marrow production of granulocytes through disrupting homeostasis of granulopoiesis and the granulopoietic response. Because of the compromised immune defense function, alcohol abusers are susceptible to infectious diseases, particularly septic infection. Alcoholic patients with septic infection and granulocytopenia have an exceedingly high mortality rate. Treatment of serious infection in alcoholic patients with bone marrow inhibition continues to be a major challenge. Excessive alcohol consumption also causes diseases in other organ systems, particularly severe alcoholic hepatitis which is life threatening. Corticosteroids are the only therapeutic option for improving short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. The existence of advanced alcoholic liver diseases and administration of corticosteroids make it more difficult to treat serious infection in alcoholic patients with the disorder of granulopoieis. This article reviews the recent development in understanding alcohol-induced disruption of marrow granulopoiesis and the granulopoietic response with the focus on progress in delineating cell signaling mechanisms underlying the alcohol-induced injury to hematopoietic tissue. Efforts in exploring effective therapy to improve patient care in this field will also be discussed.
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16
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Varney ME, Boehm DT, DeRoos K, Nowak ES, Wong TY, Sen-Kilic E, Bradford SD, Elkins C, Epperly MS, Witt WT, Barbier M, Damron FH. Bordetella pertussis Whole Cell Immunization, Unlike Acellular Immunization, Mimics Naïve Infection by Driving Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Expansion in Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2376. [PMID: 30405604 PMCID: PMC6200895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) compartments are altered to direct immune responses to infection. Their roles during immunization are not well-described. To elucidate mechanisms for waning immunity following immunization with acellular vaccines (ACVs) against Bordetella pertussis (Bp), we tested the hypothesis that immunization with Bp ACVs and whole cell vaccines (WCVs) differ in directing the HSPC characteristics and immune cell development patterns that ultimately contribute to the types and quantities of cells produced to fight infection. Our data demonstrate that compared to control and ACV-immunized CD-1 mice, immunization with an efficacious WCV drives expansion of hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cells (MPPs), increases circulating white blood cells (WBCs), and alters the size and composition of lymphoid organs. In addition to MPPs, common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) proportions increase in the bone marrow of WCV-immunized mice, while B220+ cell proportions decrease. Upon subsequent infection, increases in maturing B cell populations are striking in WCV-immunized mice. RNAseq analyses of HSPCs revealed that WCV and ACV-immunized mice vastly differ in developing VDJ gene segment diversity. Moreover, gene set enrichment analyses demonstrate WCV-immunized mice exhibit unique gene signatures that suggest roles for interferon (IFN) induced gene expression. Also observed in naïve infection, these IFN stimulated gene (ISG) signatures point toward roles in cell survival, cell cycle, autophagy, and antigen processing and presentation. Taken together, these findings underscore the impact of vaccine antigen and adjuvant content on skewing and/or priming HSPC populations for immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda E Varney
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Dylan T Boehm
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Katherine DeRoos
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Evan S Nowak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Ting Y Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Emel Sen-Kilic
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Shebly D Bradford
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Cody Elkins
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Matthew S Epperly
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - William T Witt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Mariette Barbier
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - F Heath Damron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, United States.,Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
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17
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Chen K, Tang P, Bao Z, He T, Xiang Y, Gong W, Yoshimura T, Le Y, Tessarollo L, Chen X, Wang JM. Deficiency in Fpr2 results in reduced numbers of Lin -cKit +Sca1 + myeloid progenitor cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:13452-13463. [PMID: 30018139 PMCID: PMC6120191 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lin-c-Kit+ Sca-1+ cell population in the bone marrow (BM) serves as the direct precursor for differentiation of myeloid cells. In this study, we report that deficiency in Fpr2, a G protein-coupled chemoattractant receptor in mice, is associated with reduced BM nucleated cells, including CD31+Ly6C+ (granulocytes and monocytes), CD31-/Ly6Cint (granuloid cells), and CD31-/Ly6Chigh (predominantly monocytes) cells. In particular, the number of Lin-c-Kit+Sca-1+ (LKS) cells was reduced in Fpr2-/- mouse BM. This was supported by observations of the reduced incorporation of intraperitoneally injected bromodeoxyuridine by cells in the c-Kit+ population from Fpr2-/- mouse BM. Purified c-Kit+ cells from Fpr2-/- mice showed reduced expansion when cultured in vitro with stem cell factor (SCF). SCF/c-Kit-mediated phosphorylation of P38, STAT1, Akt (Thr-308), and Akt (Ser-473) was also significantly reduced in c-Kit+ cells from Fpr2-/- mice. Furthermore, Fpr2 agonists enhanced SCF-induced proliferation of c-Kit+ cells. Colony-forming unit assays revealed that CFU-granulocyte-macrophage formation of BM cells from Fpr2-/- mice was significantly reduced. After heat-inactivated bacterial stimulation in the airway, the expansion of c-kit+ Sca-1+ cells in BM and recruitment of Ly6G+ cells to the lungs and CD11b+Ly6C+TNFα+ cells to the spleen of Fpr2-/- mice was significantly reduced. These results demonstrate an important role for Fpr2 in the development of myeloid lineage precursors in mouse BM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Tang
- From the Cancer and Inflammation Program and
- Department of Breast Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhiyao Bao
- From the Cancer and Inflammation Program and
- the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tianzhen He
- the State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wanghua Gong
- the Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- the Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan, and
| | - Yingying Le
- the Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lino Tessarollo
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Xin Chen
- the State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
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18
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Karimzadeh A, Scarfone VM, Varady E, Chao C, Grathwohl K, Fathman JW, Fruman DA, Serwold T, Inlay MA. The CD11a and Endothelial Protein C Receptor Marker Combination Simplifies and Improves the Purification of Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018. [PMID: 29543389 PMCID: PMC5980368 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the self‐renewing multipotent progenitors to all blood cell types. Identification and isolation of HSCs for study has depended on the expression of combinations of surface markers on HSCs that reliably distinguish them from other cell types. However, the increasing number of markers required to isolate HSCs has made it tedious, expensive, and difficult for newcomers, suggesting the need for a simpler panel of HSC markers. We previously showed that phenotypic HSCs could be separated based on expression of CD11a and that only the CD11a negative fraction contained true HSCs. Here, we show that CD11a and another HSC marker, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), can be used to effectively identify and purify HSCs. We introduce a new two‐color HSC sorting method that can highly enrich for HSCs with efficiencies comparable to the gold standard combination of CD150 and CD48. Our results demonstrate that adding CD11a and EPCR to the HSC biologist's toolkit improves the purity of and simplifies isolation of HSCs. stemcellstranslationalmedicine2018;7:468–476
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Affiliation(s)
- Alborz Karimzadeh
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vanessa M Scarfone
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Erika Varady
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Connie Chao
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Karin Grathwohl
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - John W Fathman
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, California, USA
| | - David A Fruman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Thomas Serwold
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew A Inlay
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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19
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Shi X, Wei S, Simms KJ, Cumpston DN, Ewing TJ, Zhang P. Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Regulates Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Activation during the Granulopoietic Response to Systemic Bacterial Infection. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535725 PMCID: PMC5834434 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation and reprogramming of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells play a critical role in the granulopoietic response to bacterial infection. Our current study determined the significance of Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling in the regulation of hematopoietic precursor cell activity during the host defense response to systemic bacterial infection. Bacteremia was induced in male Balb/c mice via intravenous injection (i.v.) of Escherichia coli (5 × 107 CFUs/mouse). Control mice received i.v. saline. SHH protein level in bone marrow cell (BMC) lysates was markedly increased at both 24 and 48 h of bacteremia. By contrast, the amount of soluble SHH ligand in marrow elutes was significantly reduced. These contrasting alterations suggested that SHH ligand release from BMCs was reduced and/or binding of soluble SHH ligand to BMCs was enhanced. At both 12 and 24 h of bacteremia, SHH mRNA expression by BMCs was significantly upregulated. This upregulation of SHH mRNA expression was followed by a marked increase in SHH protein expression in BMCs. Activation of the ERK1/2–SP1 pathway was involved in mediating the upregulation of SHH gene expression. The major cell type showing the enhancement of SHH expression in the bone marrow was lineage positive cells. Gli1 positioned downstream of the SHH receptor activation serves as a key component of the hedgehog (HH) pathway. Primitive hematopoietic precursor cells exhibited the highest level of baseline Gli1 expression, suggesting that they were active cells responding to SHH ligand stimulation. Along with the increased expression of SHH in the bone marrow, expression of Gli1 by marrow cells was significantly upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels following bacteremia. This enhancement of Gli1 expression was correlated with activation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell proliferation. Mice with Gli1 gene deletion showed attenuation in activation of marrow hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell proliferation and inhibition of increase in blood granulocytes following bacteremia. Our results indicate that SHH signaling is critically important in the regulation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell activation and reprogramming during the granulopoietic response to serious bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Shengcai Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kevin J Simms
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Devan N Cumpston
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Thomas J Ewing
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
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20
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Lasseaux C, Fourmaux MP, Chamaillard M, Poulin LF. Type I interferons drive inflammasome-independent emergency monocytopoiesis during endotoxemia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16935. [PMID: 29209091 PMCID: PMC5717267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergency monocytopoiesis is an inflammation-driven hematological process that supplies the periphery with monocytes and subsequently with macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Yet, the regulatory mechanisms by which early bone marrow myeloid progenitors commit to monocyte-derived phagocytes during endotoxemia remains elusive. Herein, we show that type I interferons signaling promotes the differentiation of monocyte-derived phagocytes at the level of their progenitors during a mouse model of endotoxemia. In this model, we characterized early changes in the numbers of conventional dendritic cells, monocyte-derived antigen-presenting cells and their respective precursors. While loss of caspase-1/11 failed to impair a shift toward monocytopoiesis, we observed sustained type-I-IFN-dependent monocyte progenitors differentiation in the bone marrow correlated to an accumulation of Mo-APCs in the spleen. Importantly, IFN-alpha and -beta were found to efficiently generate the development of monocyte-derived antigen-presenting cells while having no impact on the precursor activity of conventional dendritic cells. Consistently, the LPS-driven decrease of conventional dendritic cells and their direct precursor occurred independently of type-I-IFN signaling in vivo. Our characterization of early changes in mononuclear phagocytes and their dependency on type I IFN signaling during sepsis opens the way to the development of treatments for limiting the immunosuppressive state associated with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Lasseaux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Fourmaux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Mathias Chamaillard
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Lionel Franz Poulin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000, Lille, France.
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21
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Impairment of Hematopoietic Precursor Cell Activation during the Granulopoietic Response to Bacteremia in Mice with Chronic-Plus-Binge Alcohol Administration. Infect Immun 2017; 85:IAI.00369-17. [PMID: 28784931 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00369-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol abuse impairs immune defense. To study the effect of chronic-plus-binge alcohol exposure on the granulopoietic response, acute alcohol intoxication (intraperitoneal injection of 5 g alcohol/kg body weight) was introduced to mice chronically fed on the Lieber-DeCarli low-fat liquid alcohol diet for 5 weeks. Bacteremia was induced by intravenous injection of Escherichia coli Bacteremia caused a remarkable increase in marrow lin- c-kit+ Sca-1+ cells. Activation of cell proliferation supported the increase in marrow lin- c-kit+ Sca-1+ cells. Alcohol administration inhibited this activation of lin- c-kit+ Sca-1+ cells. The bone marrow of pair-fed control mice receiving intraperitoneal saline stored a large number of mature granulocytes expressing a high level of Gr1 (Gr1hi cells). The proportion of Gr1hi cells and the total number of Gr1+ cells were markedly reduced in the bone marrow, along with an increase in the ratio of Gr1+ granulocytes in peripheral white blood cells following bacteremia. E. coli infection stimulated proliferation of granulopoietic precursor cells, resulting in a marked increase in the ratio of immature Gr1lo cells in the bone marrow. Alcohol administration itself triggered marrow release of Gr1+ cells, resulting in reduction of the marrow granulocyte reserve with an elevation of granulocytes in the circulation. Alcohol also impaired activation of granulopoietic precursor proliferation following bacteremia. Alcohol disrupted lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-TLR4-ERK1/2-cyclin D1 signaling and inhibited upregulation of Sca-1 and C/EBPβ expression by lineage-negative marrow cells in response to bacteremia. These results indicate that chronic-plus-binge alcohol exposure inhibits the granulopoietic response by disrupting key cell signaling for hematopoietic precursor cell activation and commitment to granulocyte lineage development.
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22
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Map3k8 controls granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production and neutrophil precursor proliferation in lipopolysaccharide-induced emergency granulopoiesis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5010. [PMID: 28694430 PMCID: PMC5503936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04538-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Map3k8 has been proposed as a useful target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. We show here that during lipopolysaccharide-induced emergency granulopoiesis, Map3k8 deficiency strongly impairs the increase in circulating mature (Ly6GhighCD11b+) and immature (Ly6GlowCD11b+) neutrophils. After chimaeric bone marrow (BM) transplantation into recipient Map3k8−/− mice, lipopolysaccharide treatment did not increase circulating Ly6GhighCD11b+ cells and strongly decreased circulating Ly6GlowCD11b+ cells. Lipopolysaccharide-treated Map3k8−/− mice showed decreased production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a key factor in neutrophil expansion, and a Map3k8 inhibitor blocked lipopolysaccharide-mediated G-CSF expression in endothelial cell lines. Ly6GlowCD11b+ BM cells from lipopolysaccharide-treated Map3k8−/− mice displayed impaired expression of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β, which depends on G-CSF for expression and is crucial for cell cycle acceleration in this life-threatening condition. Accordingly, lipopolysaccharide-treated Map3k8−/− mice showed decreased Ly6GlowCD11b+ BM cell proliferation, as evidenced by a decrease in the percentage of the most immature precursors, which have the highest proliferation capacity among this cell population. Thus, Map3k8 expression by non-haematopoietic tissue is required for lipopolysaccharide-induced emergency granulopoiesis. The novel observation that inhibition of Map3k8 activity decreases neutrophilia during life-threatening systemic infection suggests a possible risk in the proposed use of Map3k8 blockade as an anti-inflammatory therapy.
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23
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Zhu H, Kwak HJ, Liu P, Bajrami B, Xu Y, Park SY, Nombela-Arrieta C, Mondal S, Kambara H, Yu H, Chai L, Silberstein LE, Cheng T, Luo HR. Reactive Oxygen Species-Producing Myeloid Cells Act as a Bone Marrow Niche for Sterile Inflammation-Induced Reactive Granulopoiesis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:2854-2864. [PMID: 28235862 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1602006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Both microbial infection and sterile inflammation augment bone marrow (BM) neutrophil production, but whether the induced accelerated granulopoiesis is mediated by a common pathway and the nature of such a pathway are poorly defined. We recently established that BM myeloid cell-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) externally regulate myeloid progenitor proliferation and differentiation in bacteria-elicited emergency granulopoiesis. In this article, we show that BM ROS levels are also elevated during sterile inflammation. Similar to in microbial infection, ROS were mainly generated by the phagocytic NADPH oxidase in Gr1+ myeloid cells. The myeloid cells and their ROS were uniformly distributed in the BM when visualized by multiphoton intravital microscopy, and ROS production was both required and sufficient for sterile inflammation-elicited reactive granulopoiesis. Elevated granulopoiesis was mediated by ROS-induced phosphatase and tensin homolog oxidation and deactivation, leading to upregulated PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 signaling and increased progenitor cell proliferation. Collectively, these results demonstrate that, although infection-induced emergency granulopoiesis and sterile inflammation-elicited reactive granulopoiesis are triggered by different stimuli and are mediated by distinct upstream signals, the pathways converge to NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production by BM myeloid cells. Thus, BM Gr1+ myeloid cells represent a key hematopoietic niche that supports accelerated granulopoiesis in infective and sterile inflammation. This niche may be an excellent target in various immune-mediated pathologies or immune reconstitution after BM transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hyun-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Peng Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Besnik Bajrami
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Subhanjan Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hiroto Kambara
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Department of Hematopathology, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA 02132
| | - Li Chai
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 and.,Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | | | - Tao Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
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24
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Leung KT, Lam HS, Chan KYY, Sit T, Wong RPO, Yu JWS, Li K, Ng PC. Regulation of Circulating Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells in Preterm Infants with Septicemia. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:1780-1787. [PMID: 27596606 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm infants are at high risk of developing severe sepsis. Circulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs; CD45+CD34+) have been suggested to play a vital role in the host immunological defense against invading pathogens. The objectives were to investigate the regulation of circulating HSPCs in preterm infants during infection episodes, and to assess the relationship of CD45+CD34+ cells with immunological mediators and differential leukocyte populations. First, we conducted a cross-sectional case-control study comparing these parameters among infected infants (n = 23), gestational and postnatal age-matched noninfected infants (n = 46), and "healthy" control (CTL) infants (n = 12). Second, we investigated the longitudinal change of CD45+CD34+ cell concentrations in infected infants before, during, and after an infection episode, and compared them with the other two groups. Our cross-sectional results showed that CD45+CD34+ cell count and percentage were significantly reduced in infected infants during systemic infection, compared with the noninfected or CTL infants. There were significant positive correlation between levels of CD45+CD34+ cells and lymphocytes or monocytes, and significant negative correlation between CD45+CD34+ cells and neutrophils or interleukin (IL)-6 in infected infants. Longitudinal analysis showed that changes of CD45+CD34+ cells at the onset of sepsis relative to levels 1 week prior and 1 week postsepsis in infected infants were significantly different from those changes in the corresponding time points for the other two groups. Our findings suggested that circulating HSPCs were dynamically regulated during septicemia and could play an important role in the defense mechanism, plausibly contributing to replenishment of leukocytes during sepsis in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam Tong Leung
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Hugh Simon Lam
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Kathy Yuen Yee Chan
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Tony Sit
- 2 Department of Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond Pui On Wong
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Jasmine Wai Sum Yu
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Li
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Pak Cheung Ng
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
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Müller AMS, Florek M, Kohrt HEK, Küpper NJ, Filatenkov A, Linderman JA, Hadeiba H, Negrin RS, Shizuru JA. Blood Stem Cell Activity Is Arrested by Th1-Mediated Injury Preventing Engraftment following Nonmyeloablative Conditioning. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:4151-4162. [PMID: 27815446 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T cells are widely used to promote engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Their role in overcoming barriers to HSC engraftment is thought to be particularly critical when patients receive reduced doses of preparative chemotherapy and/or radiation compared with standard transplantations. In this study, we sought to delineate the effects CD4+ cells on engraftment and blood formation in a model that simulates clinical hematopoietic cell transplantation by transplanting MHC-matched, minor histocompatibility-mismatched grafts composed of purified HSCs, HSCs plus bulk T cells, or HSCs plus T cell subsets into mice conditioned with low-dose irradiation. Grafts containing conventional CD4+ T cells caused marrow inflammation and inhibited HSC engraftment and blood formation. Posttransplantation, the marrows of HSCs plus CD4+ cell recipients contained IL-12-secreting CD11c+ cells and IFN-γ-expressing donor Th1 cells. In this setting, host HSCs arrested at the short-term stem cell stage and remained in the marrow in a quiescent cell cycling state (G0). As a consequence, donor HSCs failed to engraft and hematopoiesis was suppressed. Our data show that Th1 cells included in a hematopoietic allograft can negatively impact HSC activity, blood reconstitution, and engraftment of donor HSCs. This potential negative effect of donor T cells is not considered in clinical transplantation in which bulk T cells are transplanted. Our findings shed new light on the effects of CD4+ T cells on HSC biology and are applicable to other pathogenic states in which immune activation in the bone marrow occurs such as aplastic anemia and certain infectious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M S Müller
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305; .,Department of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mareike Florek
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Holbrook E K Kohrt
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Natascha J Küpper
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Alexander Filatenkov
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305; and
| | - Jessica A Linderman
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Husein Hadeiba
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Robert S Negrin
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Judith A Shizuru
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305;
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Systemic inoculation of Escherichia coli causes emergency myelopoiesis in zebrafish larval caudal hematopoietic tissue. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36853. [PMID: 27833150 PMCID: PMC5105072 DOI: 10.1038/srep36853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergency granulopoiesis occurs in response to severe microbial infection. However, whether and how other blood components, particularly monocytes/macrophages and their progenitors, including hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), participate in the process and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we challenged zebrafish larvae via direct injection of Escherichia coli into the bloodstream, which resulted in systemic inoculation with this microbe. The reaction of hematopoietic cells, including HSPCs, in the caudal hematopoietic tissue was carefully analysed. Both macrophages and neutrophils clearly expanded following the challenge. Thus, emergency myelopoiesis, including monopoiesis and granulopoiesis, occurred following systemic bacterial infection. The HSPC reaction was dependent on the bacterial burden, manifesting as a slight increase under low burden, but an obvious reduction following the administration of an excessive volume of bacteria. Pu.1 was important for the effective elimination of the microbes to prevent excessive HSPC apoptosis in response to stress. Moreover, Pu.1 played different roles in steady and emergency monopoiesis. Although Pu.1 was essential for normal macrophage development, it played suppressive roles in emergency monopoiesis. Overall, our study established a systemic bacterial infection model that led to emergency myelopoiesis, thereby improving our understanding of the function of Pu.1 in this scenario.
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Tanaka S, Matsumoto T, Matsubara Y, Harada Y, Kyuragi R, Koga JI, Egashira K, Nakashima Y, Yonemitsu Y, Maehara Y. BubR1 Insufficiency Results in Decreased Macrophage Proliferation and Attenuated Atherogenesis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.004081. [PMID: 27664806 PMCID: PMC5079050 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Budding uninhibited by benzimidazole‐related 1 (BubR1), a cell cycle–related protein, is an essential component of the spindle checkpoint that regulates cell division. BubR1 insufficiency causes early aging‐associated vascular phenotypes. We generated low‐BubR1‐expressing mutant (BubR1L/L) and apolipoprotein E‐deficient (ApoE−/−) mice (BubR1L/L‐ApoE−/− mice) to investigate the effects of BubR1 on atherosclerosis. Methods and Results Eight‐week‐old male BubR1L/L‐ApoE−/− mice and age‐matched ApoE−/− mice were used in this study. Atherosclerotic lesion development after being fed a high‐cholesterol diet for 12 weeks was inhibited in BubR1L/L‐ApoE−/− mice compared with ApoE−/− mice, and was accompanied by decreased accumulation of macrophages. To address the relative contribution of BubR1 on bone marrow–derived cells compared with non‐bone marrow–derived cells, we performed bone marrow transplantation in ApoE−/− and BubR1L/L‐ApoE−/− mice. Decreased BubR1 in bone marrow cells and non‐bone marrow–derived cells decreased the atherosclerotic burden. In vitro assays indicated that decreased BubR1 expression impaired proliferation, but not migration, of bone marrow–derived macrophages. Conclusions BubR1 may represent a promising new target for regulating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Tanaka
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsubara
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yui Harada
- R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Kyuragi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Koga
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Development, and Translational Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kensuke Egashira
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Development, and Translational Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakashima
- Division of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Fukuoka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yonemitsu
- R&D Laboratory for Innovative Biotherapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Masumi A, Mochida K, Takizawa K, Mizukami T, Kuramitsu M, Tsuruhara M, Mori S, Shibayama K, Yamaguchi K, Hamaguchi I. Mycobacterium avium infection induces the resistance of the interferon-γ response in mouse spleen cells at late stages of infection. Inflamm Regen 2016; 36:21. [PMID: 29259694 PMCID: PMC5725973 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-016-0024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bacterial infections cause an increase in the population of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). To investigate the downstream factors associated with hematopoietic stem cells, mice are infected with Mycobacterium avium (M. avium). Results Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) infection induces the enlargement of the spleen and changes in histopathology, including changes to the lineage populations. A dramatic expansion of Lin−c-kit+Sca-1+ (KSL) cells in mouse bone marrow cells and spleen cells was detected 4 weeks after infection with M. avium; however, there was no difference in the engraft activity between infected and un-infected mouse bone marrow cells. We tested the cytokine and cytokine-related gene expression after M. avium infection and found that IFN-γ expression increased and peaked at 4 weeks in both bone marrow and spleen cells. The expression of Sca-1 gene peaked at 4 weeks in the bone marrow but peaked at 2 weeks in spleen cells, although the Sca-1 surface marker peaked at 4 weeks after infection in both bone marrow and spleen cells. Interferon regulatory factor-2 (IRF-2) expression did not change in the bone marrow cells, whereas it decreased in spleen cells at 4 weeks and IRF-1 expression was up-regulated in both bone marrow and spleen cells after infection. However, the up-regulation of IRF-1 was not correlated with IFN-γ expression in the M. avium-infected mouse spleen cells. Conclusions This finding suggests that the IFN-γ production mediated by M. avium infection alters the population of KSL cells during host defense, and the down-regulation of the IFN-γ response in spleen cells occurs at the late stage after M. avium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Masumi
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.,Present address: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aomori University, 2-3-1, Kohbata, Aomori-shi, Aomori, 030-0943 Japan
| | - Keiko Mochida
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011 Japan
| | - Kazuya Takizawa
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuo Mizukami
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Madoka Kuramitsu
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momoka Tsuruhara
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigetarou Mori
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011 Japan
| | - Keigo Shibayama
- Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1, Gakuen Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, 208-0011 Japan
| | - Kazunari Yamaguchi
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Hamaguchi
- Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Lu XJ, Chen Q, Rong YJ, Chen J. Mobilisation and dysfunction of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells after Listonella anguillarum infection in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28082. [PMID: 27306736 PMCID: PMC4910102 DOI: 10.1038/srep28082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) can mobilise into blood and produce immune cell lineages following stress. However, the homeostasis and function of HSPCs after infection in teleosts are less well known. Here, we report that Listonella anguillarum infection enhances HSPC mobilisation and reduces their differentiation into myeloid cells in ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis), an aquacultured teleost in East Asia. We established a colony-forming unit culture (CFU-C) assay to measure HSPCs using conditioned medium from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin. The number of CFU-Cs decreased in the head kidney and increased in the blood and spleen of ayu infected with L. anguillarum. HSPC mobilisation after L. anguillarum infection was mediated by norepinephrine. Furthermore, HSPCs from ayu treated with L. anguillarum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed defective myeloid differentiation and could no longer rescue L. anguillarum-infected ayu. HSPC expansion was suppressed after L. anguillarum infection or its LPS treatment in vitro. These results reveal a link between HSPC regulation and pathogen infection in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Jiang Lu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ye-Jing Rong
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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30
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Weisser M, Demel UM, Stein S, Chen-Wichmann L, Touzot F, Santilli G, Sujer S, Brendel C, Siler U, Cavazzana M, Thrasher AJ, Reichenbach J, Essers MAG, Schwäble J, Grez M. Hyperinflammation in patients with chronic granulomatous disease leads to impairment of hematopoietic stem cell functions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 138:219-228.e9. [PMID: 26853280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects in phagocytic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) function cause chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a primary immunodeficiency characterized by dysfunctional microbicidal activity and chronic inflammation. OBJECTIVE We sought to study the effect of chronic inflammation on the hematopoietic compartment in patients and mice with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD). METHODS We used immunostaining and functional analyses to study the hematopoietic compartment in patients with CGD. RESULTS An analysis of bone marrow cells from patients and mice with X-CGD revealed a dysregulated hematopoiesis characterized by increased numbers of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) at the expense of repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In patients with X-CGD, there was a clear reduction in the proportion of HSCs in bone marrow and peripheral blood, and they were also more rapidly exhausted after in vitro culture. In mice with X-CGD, increased cycling of HSCs, expansion of HPCs, and impaired long-term engraftment capacity were found to be associated with high concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β. Treatment of wild-type mice with IL-1β induced enhanced cell-cycle entry of HSCs, expansion of HPCs, and defects in long-term engraftment, mimicking the effects observed in mice with X-CGD. Inhibition of cytokine signaling in mice with X-CGD reduced HPC numbers but had only minor effects on the repopulating ability of HSCs. CONCLUSIONS Persistent chronic inflammation in patients with CGD is associated with hematopoietic proliferative stress, leading to a decrease in the functional activity of HSCs. Our observations have clinical implications for the development of successful autologous cell therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Weisser
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Uta M Demel
- Junior Research Group "Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Stress," German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF280, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM), INF280, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Stein
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Linping Chen-Wichmann
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Fabien Touzot
- Biotherapy Department, Necker Children's Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Giorgia Santilli
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefanie Sujer
- Junior Research Group "Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Stress," German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF280, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Brendel
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Siler
- Division of Immunology, University Children's Hospital, and Children's Research Centre Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Cavazzana
- Biotherapy Department, Necker Children's Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Adrian J Thrasher
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janine Reichenbach
- Division of Immunology, University Children's Hospital, and Children's Research Centre Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marieke A G Essers
- Junior Research Group "Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Stress," German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), INF280, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM), INF280, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Schwäble
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Manuel Grez
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Osteoclasts Are Required for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Mobilization but Not for Stress Erythropoiesis in Plasmodium chabaudi adami Murine Malaria. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3909614. [PMID: 26903708 PMCID: PMC4745282 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3909614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anemia and inflammation concurrent with blood stage malaria trigger stress haematopoiesis and erythropoiesis. The activity of osteoclasts seems required for the mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) from the bone marrow to the periphery. Knowing that BALB/c mice with acute Plasmodium chabaudi adami malaria have profound alterations in bone remodelling cells, we evaluated the extent to which osteoclasts influence their hematopoietic response to infection. For this, mice were treated with osteoclast inhibiting hormone calcitonin prior to parasite inoculation, and infection as well as hematological parameters was studied. In agreement with osteoclast-dependent HSPC mobilization, administration of calcitonin led to milder splenomegaly, reduced numbers of HSPC in the spleen, and their retention in the bone marrow. Although C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) levels, indicative of bone resorption, were lower in calcitonin-treated infected mice, they remained comparable in naive and control infected mice. Calcitonin-treated infected mice conveniently responded to anemia but generated less numbers of splenic macrophages and suffered from exacerbated infection; interestingly, calcitonin also decreased the number of macrophages generated in vitro. Globally, our results indicate that although osteoclast-dependent HSC mobilization from bone marrow to spleen is triggered in murine blood stage malaria, this activity is not essential for stress erythropoiesis.
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32
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Unexpected role of inflammatory signaling in hematopoietic stem cell development. Curr Opin Hematol 2016; 23:18-22. [DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Baustian C, Hanley S, Ceredig R. Isolation, selection and culture methods to enhance clonogenicity of mouse bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cell precursors. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:151. [PMID: 26303631 PMCID: PMC4549076 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Conventionally cultured mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (mBM-MSC) are a heterogeneous population that often initially contain contaminating haematopoietic cells. Variability in isolation methods, culture protocols and the lack of specific mBM MSC markers might explain this heterogeneity. The aim of this study is to optimise the isolation, culture conditions and selection of mBM-MSC. Methods Mouse BM-MSCs were isolated from crushed long bones (cBM) or flushed bone marrow (fBM) from 6–8 week old C57Bl/6 mice. These subpopulations were analysed by flow cytometry using commonly used mBM-MSC cell surface marker, e.g. Sca-1, CD29 and CD44. Cells were cultured and expanded in vitro in hypoxic conditions of either 2 % or 5 % oxygen. Cell sorting and qRT-PCR was used to determine transcript levels of stem cell and lineage related genes in individual subpopulations. Results During early passaging not only do contaminating haematopoietic cells disappear, but there is a change in the phenotype of mBM-MSC affecting particularly CD44 and Sca-1 expression. By fluorescence activated cell sorting of CD45−/Ter119− mBM stroma based on Sca-1 expression and expansion in hypoxic conditions, we show that Sca-1+ cells had higher CFU-F frequencies and showed enhanced proliferation compared with Sca-1− cells. As evaluated by in vitro assays and qRT-PCR, these cells presented in vitro tri-lineage differentiation along osteocyte, chondrocyte, and adipocyte lineages. Finally, by prospective isolation of Sca-1+PDGFRα+CD90+ cells we have isolated mBM-MSC on a single cell level, achieving a CFU-F frequency of 1/4. Functional investigations demonstrated that these MSC clones inhibited T-lymphocyte proliferation. Conclusion By positive selection using a combination of antibodies to Sca-1, CD90 and PDGFRα and culturing in hypoxia, we have found a subpopulation of BM cells from C57Bl/6 mice with a CFU-F cloning efficiency of 1/4. To our knowledge these results represent the highest frequencies of mouse MSC cloning from C57Bl/6 mice yet reported. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0139-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claas Baustian
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science and School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Shirley Hanley
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science and School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Rhodri Ceredig
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science and School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland. .,Biosciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Newcastle Road, Dangan, Galway, Ireland.
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Skirecki T, Kawiak J, Machaj E, Pojda Z, Wasilewska D, Czubak J, Hoser G. Early severe impairment of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from the bone marrow caused by CLP sepsis and endotoxemia in a humanized mice model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:142. [PMID: 26272069 PMCID: PMC4536694 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction An effective immune response to severe bacterial infections requires a robust production of the innate immunity cells from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in a process called emergency myelopoiesis. In sepsis, an altered immune response that leads to a failure of bacterial clearance is often observed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of sepsis on human HSPCs in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment of humanized mice subjected to acute endotoxemia and polymicrobial sepsis. Methods Humanized mice (hu-NSG) were generated by transplanting NOD.Cg-Prkdc/scidIL2rγ (NSG) mice with the human cord blood CD34+ cells. Eight weeks after the transplantation, hu-NSG mice were subjected to sepsis induced by endotoxemia—Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)—or by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Twenty-four hours later, HSPCs from BM were analyzed by flow cytometry and colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. CLP after inhibition of Notch signaling was also performed. The effects of LPS on the in vitro proliferation of CD34+ cells from human BM were tested by CellTrace Violet dye staining. Results The expression of Toll-like receptor 4 receptor was present among engrafted human HSPCs. Both CLP and endotoxemia decreased (by 43 % and 37 %) cellularity of the BM. In addition, in both models, accumulation of early CD34+ CD38− HSCs was observed, but the number of CD34+ CD38+ progenitors decreased. After CLP, there was a 1.5-fold increase of proliferating CD34+ CD38−Ki-67+ cells. Moreover, CFU assay revealed a depressed (by 75 % after LPS and by 50 % after CLP) production of human hematopoietic colonies from the BM of septic mice. In contrast, in vitro LPS stimulated differentiation of CD34+ CD38− HSCs but did not induce proliferation of these cells in contrast to the CD34+ CD38+ progenitors. CLP sepsis modulated the BM microenvironment by upregulation of Jagged-1 expression on non-hematopoietic cells, and the proliferation of HSCs was Notch-dependent. Conclusions CLP sepsis and endotoxemia induced a similar expansion and proliferation of early HSCs in the BM, while committed progenitors decreased. It is suggestive that the Notch pathway contributed to this effect. Targeting early hematopoiesis may be considered as a viable alternative in the existing arsenal of supportive therapies in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Skirecki
- Department of Flow Cytometry, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland. .,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Czerniakowska 231, 00-416, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Kawiak
- Department of Flow Cytometry, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Eugeniusz Machaj
- Department of Cellular Engineering, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, W. Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Zygmunt Pojda
- Department of Cellular Engineering, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, W. Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Danuta Wasilewska
- Department of Clinical Cytology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymocnka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jarosław Czubak
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Konarskiego 13, 05-400, Otwock, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Hoser
- Department of Clinical Cytology, The Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymocnka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland.
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Maltby S, Hansbro NG, Tay HL, Stewart J, Plank M, Donges B, Rosenberg HF, Foster PS. Production and differentiation of myeloid cells driven by proinflammatory cytokines in response to acute pneumovirus infection in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:4072-82. [PMID: 25200951 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory virus infections are often pathogenic, driving severe inflammatory responses. Most research has focused on localized effects of virus infection and inflammation. However, infection can induce broad-reaching, systemic changes that are only beginning to be characterized. In this study, we assessed the impact of acute pneumovirus infection in C57BL/6 mice on bone marrow hematopoiesis. We hypothesized that inflammatory cytokine production in the lung upregulates myeloid cell production in response to infection. We demonstrate a dramatic increase in the percentages of circulating myeloid cells, which is associated with pronounced elevations in inflammatory cytokines in serum (IFN-γ, IL-6, CCL2), bone (TNF-α), and lung tissue (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, CCL2, CCL3, G-CSF, osteopontin). Increased hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell percentages (Lineage(-)Sca-I(+)c-kit(+)) were also detected in the bone marrow. This increase was accompanied by an increase in the proportions of committed myeloid progenitors, as determined by colony-forming unit assays. However, no functional changes in hematopoietic stem cells occurred, as assessed by competitive bone marrow reconstitution. Systemic administration of neutralizing Abs to either TNF-α or IFN-γ blocked expansion of myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow and also limited virus clearance from the lung. These findings suggest that acute inflammatory cytokines drive production and differentiation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow by inducing differentiation of committed myeloid progenitors. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms via which innate immune responses regulate myeloid cell progenitor numbers in response to acute respiratory virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Maltby
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia; and
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia; and
| | - Hock L Tay
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia; and
| | - Jessica Stewart
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia; and
| | - Maximilian Plank
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia; and
| | - Bianca Donges
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia; and
| | - Helene F Rosenberg
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Paul S Foster
- Priority Research Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia; and
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Ross EA, Flores-Langarica A, Bobat S, Coughlan RE, Marshall JL, Hitchcock JR, Cook CN, Carvalho-Gaspar MM, Mitchell AM, Clarke M, Garcia P, Cobbold M, Mitchell TJ, Henderson IR, Jones ND, Anderson G, Buckley CD, Cunningham AF. Resolving Salmonella infection reveals dynamic and persisting changes in murine bone marrow progenitor cell phenotype and function. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2318-30. [PMID: 24825601 PMCID: PMC4209805 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The generation of immune cells from BM precursors is a carefully regulated process. This is essential to limit the potential for oncogenesis and autoimmunity yet protect against infection. How infection modulates this is unclear. Salmonella can colonize systemic sites including the BM and spleen. This resolving infection has multiple IFN-γ-mediated acute and chronic effects on BM progenitors, and during the first week of infection IFN-γ is produced by myeloid, NK, NKT, CD4(+) T cells, and some lineage-negative cells. After infection, the phenotype of BM progenitors rapidly but reversibly alters, with a peak ∼ 30-fold increase in Sca-1(hi) progenitors and a corresponding loss of Sca-1(lo/int) subsets. Most strikingly, the capacity of donor Sca-1(hi) cells to reconstitute an irradiated host is reduced; the longer donor mice are exposed to infection, and Sca-1(hi) c-kit(int) cells have an increased potential to generate B1a-like cells. Thus, Salmonella can have a prolonged influence on BM progenitor functionality not directly related to bacterial persistence. These results reflect changes observed in leucopoiesis during aging and suggest that BM functionality can be modulated by life-long, periodic exposure to infection. Better understanding of this process could offer novel therapeutic opportunities to modulate BM functionality and promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewan A Ross
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adriana Flores-Langarica
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Saeeda Bobat
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ruth E Coughlan
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jennifer L Marshall
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jessica R Hitchcock
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Charlotte N Cook
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Manuela M Carvalho-Gaspar
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrea M Mitchell
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mary Clarke
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paloma Garcia
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark Cobbold
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Tim J Mitchell
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ian R Henderson
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nick D Jones
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Graham Anderson
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam F Cunningham
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, Institute for Microbiology and Infection, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Research, Medical School, University of BirminghamEdgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Burberry A, Zeng MY, Ding L, Wicks I, Inohara N, Morrison SJ, Núñez G. Infection mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells through cooperative NOD-like receptor and Toll-like receptor signaling. Cell Host Microbe 2014; 15:779-91. [PMID: 24882704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are maintained in specialized niches within the bone marrow under steady-state conditions and mobilize for extramedullary hematopoiesis during periods of stress such as bacterial infections. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We show that systemic infection of mice with Escherichia coli, commonly associated with bacteremia in humans, mobilizes functional HSCs to the spleen. Accumulation of splenic HSCs (CD150+CD48-Lin(-/low)Sca1+cKit+) was diminished in TLR4-deficient and RIPK2-deficient mice, implicating TLRs and cytosolic NOD1/NOD2 signaling in the process. Accordingly, dual stimulation of NOD1 and TLR4 in radio-resistant cells alone was sufficient to mobilize HSCs, while TLR4 expression on HSCs was dispensable. Mechanistically, TLR4 and NOD1 synergistically induced granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), which was required for extramedullary HSC accumulation. Mobilized HSCs and progenitor cells gave rise to neutrophils and monocytes and contributed to limiting secondary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Burberry
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Melody Y Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168 Street, P & S, 7-513, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ian Wicks
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Naohiro Inohara
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sean J Morrison
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gabriel Núñez
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Abstract
Neutrophils are a key cell type of the innate immune system. They are short-lived and need to be continuously generated in steady-state conditions from haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the bone marrow to ensure their immediate availability for the containment of invading pathogens. However, if microbial infection cannot be controlled locally, and consequently develops into a life-threatening condition, neutrophils are used up in large quantities and the haematopoietic system has to rapidly adapt to the increased demand by switching from steady-state to emergency granulopoiesis. This involves the markedly increased de novo production of neutrophils, which results from enhanced myeloid precursor cell proliferation in the bone marrow. In this Review, we discuss the molecular and cellular events that regulate emergency granulopoiesis, a process that is crucial for host survival.
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Gawronska-Kozak B, Staszkiewicz J, Gimble JM, Kirk-Ballard H. Recruitment of fat cell precursors during high fat diet in C57BL/6J mice is fat depot specific. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:1091-102. [PMID: 24795999 PMCID: PMC5886012 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to explore long-term dietary effects on increases in body mass and fat depot enlargement through the recruitment of early in life labeled progenitor cells to the adipolineage. METHODS Neonate male C57BL/6J (B6) mice were injected intraperitoneally with BrdU. From 4 until 30 weeks of age they were fed either low fat diet (LFD) or high fat diet (HFD). BrdU-labeled cells were analyzed by flow cytometric and immunohistochemical assays after 10 days and 4, 8, 16, and 30 weeks. RESULTS Mice fed HFD were heavier than mice fed LFD with the most dramatic disparity recorded between week 16 and 30. BrdU-bearing cells showed the decrease in the percentage content of labeled cells in inguinal (iWAT), epididymal (eWAT) and bone marrow (BM) tissues, regardless diets. However, iWAT collected from animals on HFD showed significant increase in labeled-cells at week 16th, which coincides with robust increase in inguinal but not epididymal fat weight between 16 and 30 weeks age. CONCLUSIONS Cells labeled with BrdU during neonate life of B6 mice persist in fat tissues for long period of time and are recruited to the adipocyte lineage in a favorable (obesogenic) environment in iWAT but not in eWAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gawronska-Kozak
- Department of Biological Function of Food Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
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40
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Abstract
The immune response to infection is a rapid and multifaceted process. Infection affects homeostasis within the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche, as lost immune cells must be replaced by HSCs. During the immune response, interferon is produced. Surprisingly, HSCs respond directly to interferon, entering the cell cycle from even the most dormant state. The complex response of both the HSCs and the niche to infection is a unique platform on which to consider HSC-niche interactions. Here, we comment on the contribution of the immune system to the niche and on the direct and indirect effect that infection has on HSCs in the niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aine M Prendergast
- Hematopoietic stem cells and stress group, Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM), Heidelberg, Germany
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Glatman Zaretsky A, Engiles JB, Hunter CA. Infection-induced changes in hematopoiesis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:27-33. [PMID: 24363432 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) is an important site for the interrelated processes of hematopoiesis, granulopoiesis, erythropoiesis, and lymphopoiesis. A wide variety of microbial challenges are associated with profound changes in this compartment that impact on hematopoietic differentiation and mobilization of a variety of cell types. This article reviews some of the key pathways that control BM homeostasis, the infectious and inflammatory processes that affect the BM, and how addressing the knowledge gaps in this area has the potential to widen our comprehension of immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Glatman Zaretsky
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Yáñez A, Goodridge HS, Gozalbo D, Gil ML. TLRs control hematopoiesis during infection. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:2526-33. [PMID: 24122753 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has shown that (i) Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists drive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to proliferate and differentiate along the myeloid lineage in vitro, and (ii) direct TLR-mediated stimulation of HSPCs also promotes macrophage differentiation in vivo following infection. These new insights demonstrate that TLR signaling in HSPCs, in addition to other TLR-dependent mechanisms, can contribute to HSPC expansion and myeloid differentiation after infection. Evidence is, therefore, mounting that direct TLR-induced programming of hematopoiesis plays a key role in host defense by rapidly replenishing the innate immune system with the cells needed to deal with pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Yáñez
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Research Division of Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Extramedullary myelopoiesis in malaria depends on mobilization of myeloid-restricted progenitors by IFN-γ induced chemokines. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003406. [PMID: 23762028 PMCID: PMC3675198 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Resolution of a variety of acute bacterial and parasitic infections critically relies on the stimulation of myelopoiesis leading in cases to extramedullary hematopoiesis. Here, we report the isolation of the earliest myeloid-restricted progenitors in acute infection with the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium chabaudi. The rapid disappearance of these infection-induced myeloid progenitors from the bone marrow (BM) equated with contraction of the functional myeloid potential in that organ. The loss of BM myelopoiesis was not affected by the complete genetic inactivation of toll-like receptor signaling. De-activation of IFN-γ signaling completely abrogated the contraction of BM myeloid progenitors. Radiation chimeras of Ifngr1-null and control BM revealed that IFN-γ signaling in an irradiation-resistant stromal compartment was crucial for the loss of early myeloid progenitors. Systemic IFN-γ triggered the secretion of C-C motif ligand chemokines CCL2 and CCL7 leading to the egress of early, myeloid-committed progenitors from the bone marrow mediated by their common receptor CCR2. The mobilization of myeloid progenitors initiated extramedullary myelopoiesis in the spleen in a CCR2-dependent manner resulting in augmented myelopoiesis during acute malaria. Consistent with the lack of splenic myelopoiesis in the absence of CCR2 we observed a significant persistence of parasitemia in malaria infected CCR2-deficient hosts. Our findings reveal how the activated immune system mobilizes early myeloid progenitors out of the BM thereby transiently establishing myelopoiesis in the spleen in order to contain and resolve the infection locally. Malaria in man and in most animal models is accompanied by splenomegaly. At the same time, the spleen is the main organ for the control resolution of the parasitemia. This process initially depends mostly on the innate immune system and requires increased production of myeloid cells. We investigated the number of bone marrow (BM) LIN− cells which includes hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors during infection of mice with Plasmodium chabaudi and observed a significant reduction. Using a refined definition for early myeloid-restricted progenitors we could show that the loss of these cells in malaria equated with contraction of BM myelopoiesis. Since absence of IFN-γ receptor on stromal cells was sufficient to block this contraction we investigated the effect of IFN-γ on chemokine secretion. We observed a huge upregulation of CCL2/CCL7 serum levels and an increase in Ccl2/Ccl7 transcription in the BM at peak parasitemia. Egress from the BM of early myeloid progenitors was critically dependent on the chemokine receptor CCR2. Their mobilization resulted in extramedullary myelopopiesis in the spleen which contributed to the clearance of parasite-infected erythrocytes. Our study defined the molecular signals and interaction of various cell types leading to the establishment of splenic myelopoiesis in a mouse model of malaria.
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Toll-like receptor 4/stem cell antigen 1 signaling promotes hematopoietic precursor cell commitment to granulocyte development during the granulopoietic response to Escherichia coli bacteremia. Infect Immun 2013; 81:2197-205. [PMID: 23545304 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01280-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to severe bacterial infection, bone marrow hematopoietic activity shifts toward promoting granulopoiesis. The underlying cell signaling mechanisms remain obscure. To study the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) signaling in this process, bacteremia was induced in mice by intravenous injection of Escherichia coli. A subgroup of animals also received intravenous 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU). In a separate set of experiments, bone marrow lineage-negative (lin(-)) stem cell growth factor receptor-positive (c-kit(+)) Sca-1(-) cells containing primarily common myeloid progenitors were cultured in vitro without or with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In genotypic background control mice, bacteremia significantly upregulated Sca-1 expression by lin(-) c-kit(+) cells, as reflected by a marked increase in BrdU-negative lin(-) c-kit(+) Sca-1(+) cells in the bone marrow. In mice with the TLR4 gene deletion, this bacteremia-evoked Sca-1 response was blocked. In vitro, LPS induced a dose-dependent increase in Sca-1 expression by cultured marrow lin(-) c-kit(+) Sca-1(-) cells. LPS-induced upregulation of Sca-1 expression was regulated at the transcriptional level. Inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK) activity with the specific inhibitor SP600125 suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of Sca-1 expression by marrow lin(-) c-kit(+) Sca-1(-) cells. Engagement of Sca-1 with anti-Sca-1 antibodies enhanced the expression of Sfpi1 spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) proviral integration 1 (PU.1) in marrow lin(-) c-kit(+) Sca-1(-) cells cultured with LPS. Sca-1 null mice failed to maintain the marrow pool of granulopoietic cells following bacteremia. These results demonstrate that TLR4/Sca-1 signaling plays an important role in the regulation of hematopoietic precursor cell programming and their enhancement of granulocyte lineage commitment in response to E. coli bacteremia.
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Zhang Y, Jones M, McCabe A, Winslow GM, Avram D, MacNamara KC. MyD88 signaling in CD4 T cells promotes IFN-γ production and hematopoietic progenitor cell expansion in response to intracellular bacterial infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:4725-35. [PMID: 23526822 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) phenotype and function can change in response to infectious challenge. These changes can be mediated by cytokines, IFNs, and pathogen-associated molecules, via TLR, and are thought to promote tailored immune responses for particular pathogens. In this study, we investigated the signals that activate HSPCs during ehrlichiosis, a disease characterized by profound hematopoietic dysfunction in both humans and mice. In a mouse model of ehrlichiosis, we observed that infection-induced proliferation of bone marrow HSPCs was dependent on IFN-γ signaling and was partially dependent on MyD88. However, MyD88 was not required in HSPCs for their expansion during infection, because similar frequencies of MyD88-deficient and wild-type HSPCs proliferated in mixed bone marrow chimeric mice. MyD88-deficient mice exhibited low serum and bone marrow concentration of IFN-γ compared with wild-type mice. We next identified CD4 T cells as the primary cells producing IFN-γ in the bone marrow and demonstrated a nonredundant role for CD4-derived IFN-γ in increased HSPCs. Using mixed bone marrow chimeric mice, we identified a requirement for MyD88 in CD4 T cells for increased T-bet expression, optimal IFN-γ production, and CD4 T cell proliferation. Our data demonstrate an essential role for CD4 T cells in mediating HSPC activation in response to bacterial infection and illustrate a novel role for MyD88 signaling in CD4 T cells in this process. These findings further support the idea that IFN-γ production is essential for HSPC activation and hematopoietic responses to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Zhang
- Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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Vagima Y, Levy Y, Gur D, Tidhar A, Aftalion M, Abramovich H, Zahavy E, Zauberman A, Flashner Y, Shafferman A, Mamroud E. Early sensing of Yersinia pestis airway infection by bone marrow cells. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23189271 PMCID: PMC3505838 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection of the lungs triggers a swift innate immune response that involves the production of cytokines and chemokines that promote recruitment of immune cells from the bone marrow (BM) into the infected tissue and limit the ability of the pathogen to replicate. Recent in vivo studies of pneumonic plague in animal models indicate that the pulmonary pro-inflammatory response to airway infection with Yersinia pestis is substantially delayed in comparison to other pathogens. Consequently, uncontrolled proliferation of the pathogen in the lungs is observed, followed by dissemination to internal organs and death. While the lack of an adequate early immune response in the lung is well described, the response of BM-derived cells is poorly understood. In this study, we show that intranasal (i.n.) infection of mice with a fully virulent Y. pestis strain is sensed early by the BM compartment, resulting in a reduction in CXCR4 levels on BM neutrophils and their subsequent release into the blood 12 hours (h) post infection. In addition, increased levels of BM-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) were detected in the blood early after infection. Mobilization of both immature and mature cells was accompanied by the reduction of BM SDF-1 (CXCL-12) levels and the reciprocal elevation of SDF-1 in the blood 24 h post infection. RT-PCR analysis of RNA collected from total BM cells revealed an early induction of myeloid-associated genes, suggesting a prompt commitment to myeloid lineage differentiation. These findings indicate that lung infection by Y. pestis is sensed by BM cells early after infection, although bacterial colonization of the BM occurs at late disease stages, and point on a potential cross-talk between the lung and the BM at early stages of pneumonic plague.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Vagima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research Ness Ziona, Israel
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47
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Sodium caseinate induces mouse granulopoiesis. Inflamm Res 2012; 61:367-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-011-0421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
During systemic infection and inflammation, immune effector cells are in high demand and are rapidly consumed at sites of need. Although adaptive immune cells have high proliferative potential, innate immune cells are mostly postmitotic and need to be replenished from bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. We here review how early hematopoiesis has been shaped to deliver efficient responses to increased need. On the basis of most recent findings, we develop an integrated view of how cytokines, chemokines, as well as conserved pathogen structures, are sensed, leading to divisional activation, proliferation, differentiation, and migration of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, all aimed at efficient contribution to immune responses and rapid reestablishment of hematopoietic homeostasis. We also outline how chronic inflammatory processes might impinge on hematopoiesis, potentially fostering hematopoietic stem cell diseases, and, how clinical benefit is and could be achieved by learning from nature.
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Melvan JN, Siggins RW, Stanford WL, Porretta C, Nelson S, Bagby GJ, Zhang P. Alcohol impairs the myeloid proliferative response to bacteremia in mice by inhibiting the stem cell antigen-1/ERK pathway. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 188:1961-9. [PMID: 22238460 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement of stem cell Ag-1 (Sca-1) expression by myeloid precursors promotes the granulopoietic response to bacterial infection. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. ERK pathway activation strongly enhances proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. In this study, we investigated the role of Sca-1 in promoting ERK-dependent myeloid lineage proliferation and the effects of alcohol on this process. Thirty minutes after i.p. injection of alcohol, mice received i.v. challenge with 5 × 10(7) Escherichia coli for 8 or 24 h. A subset of mice received i.v. BrdU injection 20 h after challenge. Bacteremia increased Sca-1 expression, ERK activation, and proliferation of myeloid and granulopoietic precursors. Alcohol administration suppressed this response and impaired granulocyte production. Sca-1 expression positively correlated with ERK activation and cell cycling, but negatively correlated with myeloperoxidase content in granulopoietic precursors. Alcohol intoxication suppressed ERK activation in granulopoietic precursors and proliferation of these cells during bacteremia. Granulopoietic precursors in Sca-1(-/-) mice failed to activate ERK signaling and could not increase granulomacrophagic CFU activity following bacteremia. These data indicate that Sca-1 expression promotes ERK-dependent myeloid cell proliferation during bacteremia. Suppression of this response could represent an underlying mechanism for developing myelosuppression in alcohol-abusing hosts with severe bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Nicholas Melvan
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Boiko JR, Borghesi L. Hematopoiesis sculpted by pathogens: Toll-like receptors and inflammatory mediators directly activate stem cells. Cytokine 2012; 57:1-8. [PMID: 22079335 PMCID: PMC3361504 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) repopulate the immune system during normal replenishment as well as under the burden of pathogen stress, but the respective outcomes of differentiation are not the same. Under homeostatic conditions such as those which accompany turnover of immune cell subsets, HSCs appear to co-equally prime genes associated with the major downstream lineages: lymphoid, myeloid, and megakaryocyte/erythroid. Recent studies reveal, however, that during pathogen exposure, hematopoiesis may yield progeny in proportions different than those produced under homeostasis. At least some of these effects may be due to pathogen engagement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed on HSCs. HSCs are also responsive to inflammatory cytokines that are produced in response to pathogen burden and are present in the bone marrow microenvironment. Thus, hematopoiesis is not a formulaic process that produces the same, predictable outcome regardless of the specific environmental context. Rather, hematopoiesis represents a dynamic biological system that can be appreciably responsive to environmental factors, an influence that extends to the level of the HSC itself. Knowledge of functional consequences of TLR ligation on HSCs may be therapeutically exploited and applied to treatment of hematopoietic insufficiency in the setting of infection and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie R. Boiko
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Lisa Borghesi
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
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