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Haake SM, Rios BL, Pozzi A, Zent R. Integrating integrins with the hallmarks of cancer. Matrix Biol 2024; 130:20-35. [PMID: 38677444 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial cells adhere to a specialized extracellular matrix called the basement membrane which allows them to polarize and form epithelial tissues. The extracellular matrix provides essential physical scaffolding and biochemical and biophysical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation, function, and homeostasis. Epithelial cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (i.e., basement membrane) plays a critical role in organizing epithelial tissues, separating the epithelial cells from the stroma. Epithelial cell detachment from the basement membrane classically results in death, though detachment or invasion through the basement membrane represents a critical step in carcinogenesis. Epithelial cells bind to the extracellular matrix via specialized matrix receptors, including integrins. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that form a mechanical linkage between the extracellular matrix and the intracellular cytoskeleton and are required for anchorage-dependent cellular functions such as proliferation, migration, and invasion. The role of integrins in the development, growth, and dissemination of multiple types of carcinomas has been investigated by numerous methodologies, which has led to great complexity. To organize this vast array of information, we have utilized the "Hallmarks of Cancer" from Hanahan and Weinberg as a convenient framework to discuss the role of integrins in the pathogenesis of cancers. This review explores this biology and how its complexity has impacted the development of integrin-targeted anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Haake
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Brenda L Rios
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ambra Pozzi
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Roy Zent
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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2
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Tawfeek HN, Abdelmoez A, Dahlous KA, Youssif BGM, Bräse S, Rissanen K, Nieger M, El-Sheref EM. Convenient synthesis and X-ray determination of 2-amino-6 H-1,3,4-thiadiazin-3-ium bromides endowed with antiproliferative activity. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17866-17876. [PMID: 38939040 PMCID: PMC11208997 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02531h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
A new series of 1,3,4-thiadiazin-3-ium bromide derivatives 9a-g were prepared as a six-member ring by interactions between 4-substituted thiosemicarbazides 8a-e and α-halo ketones 2a,b. The reaction was conducted using hydrazine-NH2 and yielded a hexagonal shape. The structures of all obtained compounds have been verified using IR, NMR spectra, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and X-ray crystallography. The X-ray crystallographic analysis of compounds 9a and 9b has revealed that the salt is formed with the nitrogen atom N3 when the aromatic substituents 9a and 9d are present, but in the case of compounds 9b, 9c, 9e, 9f, and 9g with the aliphatic substituent, the salt is formed outside the ring. Compounds 9a-g were evaluated for antiproliferative activity as multitargeted inhibitors. Results revealed that targets 9a-g displayed good antiproliferative activity, with GI50 ranging from 38 nM to 66 nM against a panel of four cancer cell lines compared to the reference Erlotinib (GI50 = 33 nM). Compounds 9a, 9c, and 9d were the most potent antiproliferative derivatives, with GI50 values of 43, 38, and 47 nM, respectively. Compounds 9a, 9c, and 9d were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against EGFR, BRAFV600E, and VEGFR-2. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that the compounds being examined exhibit potent antiproliferative properties and have the potential to function as multitargeted inhibitors. In addition, the western blotting investigation demonstrated the inhibitory effects of 9c on EGFR, BRAFV600E, and VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendawy N Tawfeek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University El Minia 61519 Egypt
- Unit of Occupational of Safety and Health, Administration Office of Minia University El-Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa Abdelmoez
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University Assiut 71526 Egypt +20-1098294419
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University Ulm Germany
| | - Kholood A Dahlous
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University Assiut 71526 Egypt +20-1098294419
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, IBCS-FMS, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä PO Box 35 40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Martin Nieger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki PO Box 55, A. I. Virtasen Aukio 1 00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Essmat M El-Sheref
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University El Minia 61519 Egypt
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3
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Ramos R, Vale N. Dual Drug Repurposing: The Example of Saracatinib. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4565. [PMID: 38674150 PMCID: PMC11050334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Saracatinib (AZD0530) is a dual Src/Abl inhibitor initially developed by AstraZeneca for cancer treatment; however, data from 2006 to 2024 reveal that this drug has been tested not only for cancer treatment, but also for the treatment of other diseases. Despite the promising pre-clinical results and the tolerability shown in phase I trials, where a maximum tolerated dose of 175 mg was defined, phase II clinical data demonstrated a low therapeutic action against several cancers and an elevated rate of adverse effects. Recently, pre-clinical research aimed at reducing the toxic effects and enhancing the therapeutic performance of saracatinib using nanoparticles and different pharmacological combinations has shown promising results. Concomitantly, saracatinib was repurposed to treat Alzheimer's disease, targeting Fyn. It showed great clinical results and required a lower daily dose than that defined for cancer treatment, 125 mg and 175 mg, respectively. In addition to Alzheimer's disease, this Src inhibitor has also been studied in relation to other health conditions such as pulmonary and liver fibrosis and even for analgesic and anti-allergic functions. Although saracatinib is still not approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the large number of alternative uses for saracatinib and the elevated number of pre-clinical and clinical trials performed suggest the huge potential of this drug for the treatment of different kinds of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ramos
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Green JR, Mahalingaiah PKS, Gopalakrishnan SM, Liguori MJ, Mittelstadt SW, Blomme EAG, Van Vleet TR. Off-target pharmacological activity at various kinases: Potential functional and pathological side effects. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 123:107468. [PMID: 37553032 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2023.107468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
In drug discovery, during the lead optimization and candidate characterization stages, novel small molecules are frequently evaluated in a battery of in vitro pharmacology assays to identify potential unintended, off-target interactions with various receptors, transporters, ion channels, and enzymes, including kinases. Furthermore, these screening panels may also provide utility at later stages of development to provide a mechanistic understanding of unexpected safety findings. Here, we present a compendium of the most likely functional and pathological outcomes associated with interaction(s) to a panel of 95 kinases based on an extensive curation of the scientific literature. This panel of kinases was designed by AbbVie based on safety-related data extracted from the literature, as well as from over 20 years of institutional knowledge generated from discovery efforts. For each kinase, the scientific literature was reviewed using online databases and the most often reported functional and pathological effects were summarized. This work should serve as a practical guide for small molecule drug discovery scientists and clinical investigators to predict and/or interpret adverse effects related to pharmacological interactions with these kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon R Green
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States.
| | | | - Sujatha M Gopalakrishnan
- Drug Discovery Science and Technology, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Michael J Liguori
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Scott W Mittelstadt
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Eric A G Blomme
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Terry R Van Vleet
- Departments of Preclinical Safety, AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
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Choi HK, Park SH, Lee J, Hwang JT. Review of Patents for Anticancer Agents Targeting Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase. J Med Food 2023; 26:605-615. [PMID: 37590001 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, caused by abnormal and excessive cellular proliferation, can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs through the spreading of cancer cells. A general strategy for developing anticancer agents is to identify biomarkers that, if targeted, can produce a robust cytotoxic effect with minimal side effects. Cell-cycle regulators, checkpoint regulatory genes, and apoptosis-related genes are well-known biomarkers that inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Several compounds that target such biomarkers have been patented and more are being developed as novel therapies. Recent additions to this list include anticancer drugs that target signaling pathway proteins, such as 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which plays a vital role in cancer and normal cell metabolism. Herein, we have reviewed recent patents related to AMPK-targeting anticancer drugs and discussed the mechanisms of action of these drugs. We conclude that these recently published patents include several attractive compounds and methods for targeting AMPK. Further research and clinical trials are required to elucidate the comprehensive role of AMPK in cancer cell metabolism, identify its associated signal transduction systems, and develop novel activators that may find applications in cancer therapy. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT01904123.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Lee
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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6
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Teli G, Pal R, Maji L, Sengupta S, Raghavendra NM, Matada GSP. Medicinal Chemistry Perspectives on Recent Advances in Src Kinase Inhibitors as a Potential Target for the Development of Anticancer Agents: Biological Profile, Selectivity, Structure-Activity Relationship. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300515. [PMID: 37563848 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The physiological Src proto-oncogene is a protein tyrosine kinase receptor that served as the essential signaling pathway in different types of cancer. Src kinase receptor is divided into different domains: a unique domain, an SH3 domain, an SH2 domain, a protein tyrosine kinase domain, and a regulatory tail, which runs from the N-terminus to the C-terminus. Src kinase inhibitors bind in the kinase domain and are activated by phosphorylation. The etiology of cancer involved various signaling pathways and Src signaling pathways are also involved in those clusters. Although the dysregulation of Src kinase resulted in cancer being discovered in the late 19th century it is still considered a cult pathway because it is not much explored by different medicinal chemists and oncologists. The Src kinase regulated through different kinase pathways (MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, JAK/STAT3, Hippo kinase, PEAK1, and Rho/ROCK pathways) and proceeded downstream signaling to conduct cell proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. There are numerous FDA-approved drugs flooded the market but still, there is a huge demand for the creation of novel anticancer drugs. As the existing drugs are accompanied by several adverse effects and drug resistance due to rapid mutation in proteins. In this review, we have elaborated about the structure and activation of Src kinase, as well as the development of Src kinase inhibitors. Our group also provided a comprehensive overview of Src inhibitors throughout the last two decades, including their biological activity, structure-activity relationship, and Src kinase selectivity. The Src binding pocket has been investigated in detail to better comprehend the interaction of Src inhibitors with amino acid residues. We have strengthened the literature with our contribution in terms of molecular docking and ADMET studies of top compounds. We hope that the current analysis will be a useful resource for researchers and provide glimpse of direction toward the design and development of more specific, selective, and potent Src kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghanshyam Teli
- Integrated Drug Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohit Pal
- Integrated Drug Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lalmohan Maji
- Integrated Drug Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sindhuja Sengupta
- Integrated Drug Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Yadav M, Akhtar MN, Mishra M, Kumar S, Kumar R, Shubham, Nandal A, Sen P. Leishmania donovani Attenuates Dendritic Cell Trafficking to Lymph Nodes by Inhibiting C-Type Lectin Receptor 2 Expression via Transforming Growth Factor-β. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0412222. [PMID: 37125906 PMCID: PMC10269552 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04122-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To initiate an antileishmanial adaptive immune response, dendritic cells (DCs) must carry Leishmania antigens from peripheral tissues to local draining lymph nodes. However, the migratory capacity of DCs is largely compromised during Leishmania donovani infection. The molecular mechanism underlying this defective DC migration is not yet fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that L. donovani infection impaired the lymph node homing ability of DCs by decreasing C-type lectin receptor 2 (CLEC-2) expression. L. donovani exerted this inhibitory effect by inducing transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) secretion from DCs. Indeed, TGF-β produced in this manner inhibited nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-mediated CLEC-2 expression on DCs by activating c-Src. Notably, suppression of c-Src expression significantly improved the arrival of DCs in draining lymph nodes by preventing L. donovani-induced CLEC-2 downregulation on DCs. These findings reveal a unique mechanism by which L. donovani inhibits DC migration to lymph nodes and suggest a key role for TGF-β, c-Src, and CLEC-2 in regulating this process. IMPORTANCE Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in initiating T cell-mediated protective immunity against visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the second most lethal parasitic disease in the world. However, the T cell-inducing ability of DCs critically depends on the extent of DC migration to regional lymph nodes. Notably, the migration of DCs is reported to be impaired during VL. The cause of this impaired DC migration, however, remains ill-defined. Here, we provide the first evidence that L. donovani, the causative agent of VL, attenuates the lymph node homing capacity of DCs by decreasing C-type lectin receptor 2 (CLEC-2) expression on DCs. Additionally, we have demonstrated how L. donovani mediates this inhibitory effect. Overall, our work has revealed a unique mechanism underlying L. donovani-induced impairment of DC migration and suggests a potential strategy to improve antileishmanial T cell activity by increasing DC arrival in lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Yadav
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Md. Naushad Akhtar
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manish Mishra
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shubham
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Anil Nandal
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pradip Sen
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Chen L, Chau WY, Yuen HT, Liu XH, Qi RZ, Lung ML, Lung HL. THY1 (CD90) Maintains the Adherens Junctions in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma via Inhibition of SRC Activation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072189. [PMID: 37046850 PMCID: PMC10093038 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We had previously shown that THY1 (CD90) is a tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and that its down-regulation and loss of expression are associated with tumor metastasis, yet the mechanism leading to such effects remains unknown. In this study we show that tumor invasion could be suppressed by THY1 via adherens junction formation in a few NPC cell lines, and knockdown of THY1 would disrupt this cell-cell adhesion phenotype. Mechanistically, the activity of the SRC family kinase (SFK) member, SRC, and canonical Wnt signaling were dramatically reduced when THY1 was constitutively expressed. Previous studies by others have found that high levels of SRC activity in NPCs are associated with EMT and a poor prognosis. We hypothesized that THY1 can suppress tumor invasion in NPC via inhibition of SRC. By gene silencing of SRC, we found that the in vitro NPC cell invasion was significantly reduced and adherens junctions were restored. Through proteomic analysis, we identified that platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGF-Rβ) and protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) are novel and potential binding partners of THY1, which were subsequently verified by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) analysis. The ligand of PDGF-Rβ (PDGF-BB) could highly induce SRC activation and NPC cell invasion, which could be almost completely suppressed by THY1 expression. On the other hand, the PTPN22 siRNA could enhance both the SRC activities and the cell invasion and could also disrupt the adherens junctions in the THY1-expressing NPC cells; the original THY1-induced phenotypes were reverted when the PTPN22 expression was reduced. Together, our results identified that PTPN22 is essential for THY1 to suppress cell invasion and SRC activity, maintain tight adherens junctions, and prevent NPC metastasis. These results suggested that PDGF-Rβ and SRC can be used as drug targets for suppressing NPC metastasis. Indeed, our in vivo assay using the SRC inhibitor KX2-391, clearly showed that inhibition of SRC signaling can prevent the metastasis of NPC, indicating that targeting SRC can be a promising approach to control the NPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wai Yin Chau
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hei Tung Yuen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiao Han Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Robert Zhong Qi
- Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511400, China
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Maria Li Lung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hong Lok Lung
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
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9
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Li XF, Selli C, Zhou HL, Cao J, Wu S, Ma RY, Lu Y, Zhang CB, Xun B, Lam AD, Pang XC, Fernando A, Zhang Z, Unciti-Broceta A, Carragher NO, Ramachandran P, Henderson NC, Sun LL, Hu HY, Li GB, Sawyers C, Qian BZ. Macrophages promote anti-androgen resistance in prostate cancer bone disease. J Exp Med 2023; 220:213858. [PMID: 36749798 PMCID: PMC9948761 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PC) is the final stage of PC that acquires resistance to androgen deprivation therapies (ADT). Despite progresses in understanding of disease mechanisms, the specific contribution of the metastatic microenvironment to ADT resistance remains largely unknown. The current study identified that the macrophage is the major microenvironmental component of bone-metastatic PC in patients. Using a novel in vivo model, we demonstrated that macrophages were critical for enzalutamide resistance through induction of a wound-healing-like response of ECM-receptor gene expression. Mechanistically, macrophages drove resistance through cytokine activin A that induced fibronectin (FN1)-integrin alpha 5 (ITGA5)-tyrosine kinase Src (SRC) signaling cascade in PC cells. This novel mechanism was strongly supported by bioinformatics analysis of patient transcriptomics datasets. Furthermore, macrophage depletion or SRC inhibition using a novel specific inhibitor significantly inhibited resistant growth. Together, our findings elucidated a novel mechanism of macrophage-induced anti-androgen resistance of metastatic PC and a promising therapeutic approach to treat this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Li
- Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cigdem Selli
- Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Han-Lin Zhou
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Henan, BGI-Shenzhen, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Urology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medicine School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuiqing Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruo-Yu Ma
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Lu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Henan, BGI-Shenzhen, Xinxiang, China
| | - Cheng-Bin Zhang
- Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bijie Xun
- Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alyson D. Lam
- Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xiao-Cong Pang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Anu Fernando
- Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Zeda Zhang
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Louis V. Gerstner Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Asier Unciti-Broceta
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neil O. Carragher
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Prakash Ramachandran
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Neil C. Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ling-Ling Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Hu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Gui-Bo Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- BGI-Henan, BGI-Shenzhen, Xinxiang, China
| | - Charles Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Charles Sawyers:
| | - Bin-Zhi Qian
- Centre for Reproductive Health, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Correspondence to Bin-Zhi Qian:
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10
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Aceves-Hernández JM, Inés Nicolás Vázquez M, Luis Garza Rivera J, Espinoza Godínez A, Mateo Flores J, de Jesús Cruz Guzmán J, Castaño VM. Palbociclib (PD 0332991) Interaction with Kinases. Theoretical and Comparative Molecular Docking Study. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200554. [PMID: 36799136 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The optimized geometry of palbociclib, (PD 0332991) (8-cyclopentyl-6-ethanoyl-5-methyl-2-(5-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-ylamino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one), electrostatic potential map, molecular orbitals were calculated using the density functional theory. The geometry was used in a molecular docking study of palbociclib-kinase complexes, results could be explained by the charge of the nitrogen and oxygen atoms within the palbociclib. Energy gap of HOMO-LUMO surfaces, could help to explain the reactivity of the ligand and the hydrogen bonding with three different kinases, two of CDK6 and one of CDK4 type. Docking results are similar and complementary with literature reports using molecular dynamics, were hydrogen bonding was obtained and analyzed. The promiscuity of three kinases with palbociclib was detected by the docking results, thus, palbociclib could be used in other types of cancer besides myeloid leukemia. Some similarities are found with CDK4/CDK6 kinases which allow us to determine that palbociclib could be used to control other resistant inhibitor types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Aceves-Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1o de Mayo s/n, Colonia Santa María las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, 54740, México
| | - María Inés Nicolás Vázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1o de Mayo s/n, Colonia Santa María las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, 54740, México
| | - José Luis Garza Rivera
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1o de Mayo s/n, Colonia Santa María las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, 54740, México
| | - Angélica Espinoza Godínez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1o de Mayo s/n, Colonia Santa María las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, 54740, México
| | - Juan Mateo Flores
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1o de Mayo s/n, Colonia Santa María las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, 54740, México
| | - José de Jesús Cruz Guzmán
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida 1o de Mayo s/n, Colonia Santa María las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, 54740, México
| | - Víctor M Castaño
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230, México
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11
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Lee S, Park S, Ryu JS, Kang J, Kim I, Son S, Lee BS, Kim CH, Kim YS. c-Src inhibitor PP2 inhibits head and neck cancer progression through regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:492-500. [PMID: 36527337 PMCID: PMC10281537 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221139183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancer, causing considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although HNSCC management has been extensively studied, the treatment outcomes have not improved - the 5-year survival rate of patients with HNSCC is 40%. Recent studies on the development of a novel HNSCC treatment have highlighted proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (c-Src) as one of the major therapeutic targets. However, the clinical efficacy of c-Src inhibitors against HNSCC was not comparable to that obtained in vitro. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of c-Src inhibitors remain elusive. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(dimethylethyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d] pyrimidine (PP2), a selective c-Src inhibitor on HSNCC. Nine HNSCC cell lines (SNU1041, Fraud, SNU46, SNU1076, SNU899, SCC1483, YD15, YD9, and YD10-) were screened, and the effects of PP2 were evaluated using wound healing, apoptosis, and invasion assays. Western blot analysis of downstream markers was conducted to assess the specific mechanism of action of PP2 in HNSCC. The therapeutic efficacy of PP2 was further evaluated in xenograft mice. PP2 reduced tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it enhanced tumor cell apoptosis in cell lines and prevented metastasis in mice. PP2 also regulated the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway downstream of c-Src. More specifically, in SCC1483 and YD15PP2 HNSCC cell lines, PP2 exposure downregulated Erk, Akt/Slug, and Snail but upregulated E-cadherin. These results suggest that PP2 inhibits cell growth and progression in HNSCC by regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- SunYoung Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjung Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Ryu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegu Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ikhee Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Son
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bok-Soon Lee
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
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12
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Tyrosine kinase SRC-induced YAP1-KLF5 module regulates cancer stemness and metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:41. [PMID: 36633714 PMCID: PMC9837006 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04688-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
SRC is the first identified oncogene, and its aberrant activation has been implicated as a driving event in tumor initiation and progression. However, its role in cancer stemness regulation and the underlying regulatory mechanism are still elusive. Here, we identified a YAP1 tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent YAP1-KLF5 oncogenic module, as the key downstream mediator of SRC kinase regulating cancer stemness and metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). SRC was overexpressed in TNBC patient tissues and its expression level was highly correlated with the tumor malignancy. SRC activation induced, while inhibition of SRC kinase reduced the cancer stemness, tumor cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed that SRC-mediated YAP1 tyrosine phosphorylation induced its interaction with Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) to form a YAP1/TEAD-KLF5 complex in TNBC cells. YAP1-KLF5 association further promoted TEAD-mediated transcriptional program independently of canonical Hippo kinases, which eventually gave rise to the enhanced cancer stemness and metastasis. Disruption of YAP1-KLF5 module in TNBC cells dramatically attenuated the SRC-induced cancer stemness and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, co-upregulations of SRC and YAP1-KLF5 module in TNBC tissues were significantly positively correlated with the tumor malignance. Altogether, our work presents a novel tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent YAP1-KLF5 oncogenic module governing SRC-induced cancer stemness and metastasis in TNBC. Therefore, targeting YAP1/KLF5-mediated transcription may provide a promising strategy for TNBC treatment with SRC aberrantly activation.
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13
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pH-responsive nanoprodrugs combining a Src inhibitor and chemotherapy to potentiate antitumor immunity via pyroptosis in head and neck cancer. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:497-509. [PMID: 36367476 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As the prominent feature of the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is immunosuppression, therapeutic strategies to restore antitumor immunity have shown promising prospects. The efficacy of chemotherapy, a mainstay in HNSCC treatment, is exemplified by cytotoxic effects as well as immunostimulation, whereas compensatory activation of prosurvival signals in tumor tissues may compromise its efficacy. Aberrant activation of Src is present in many human malignancies including HNSCC, and is implicated in chemotherapy resistance. In this regard, tumor-microenvironment-responsive prodrug nanomicelles (PDO NPs) are rationally designed to combine chemotherapy (oxaliplatin, OXA) and Src inhibitors (dasatinib, DAS) for HNSCC therapy. PDO NPs are constructed by chemically modifying small-molecule prodrugs (DAS-OXA) loaded in block copolymer iPDPA with pH-triggered transforming capability. PDO NPs can controllably release drugs in response to tumor acidity, thus increasing tumor accumulation and therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, PDO NPs can elicit pyroptosis of tumor cells and induce T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity in murine HNSCC models. In summary, nanoprodrugs integrating Src inhibitors enhance the immunological effects of chemotherapy and provide insight into promising approaches for augmenting immunochemotherapy for HNSCC. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, pH-responsive nanomicelles (PDO NPs) were constructed by loading a small molecular prodrug synthesized by the Src inhibitor dasatinib and the chemotherapy drug oxaliplatin into the amphiphilic block copolymer iPDPA to improve the immunological effects of chemotherapy for HNSCC. These nanomicelles can efficiently accumulate in tumor cells and achieve pH-responsive drug release. The PDO NPs can induce pyroptosis of tumor cells and potentiate antitumor immunity in subcutaneous and syngenetic orthotopic HNSCC mouse models, which may present a promising strategy to enhance immunochemotherapy for HNSCC.
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14
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Shao W, Liu L, Zheng F, Ma Y, Zhang J. The potent role of Src kinase-regulating glucose metabolism in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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15
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Jiang P, Tang S, Hudgins H, Smalligan T, Zhou X, Kamat A, Dharmarpandi J, Naguib T, Liu X, Dai Z. The Abl/Abi signaling links WAVE regulatory complex to Cbl E3 ubiquitin ligase and is essential for breast cancer cell metastasis. Neoplasia 2022; 32:100819. [PMID: 35839699 PMCID: PMC9287790 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2022.100819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
A Cbl-TKB binding motif regulates the stability of Abi and WAVE regulatory complex. Abl kinases serve as a switch to activate Cbl-mediated Abi/WRC degradation. Depletion of Abi1 impairs EGFR and Src family kinases signaling. Abi1 is essential for breast cancer cell invasion and lung metastasis.
The family of Abelson interactor (Abi) proteins is a component of WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) and a downstream target of Abelson (Abl) tyrosine kinase. The fact that Abi proteins also interact with diverse membrane proteins and intracellular signaling molecules places these proteins at a central position in the network that controls cytoskeletal functions and cancer cell metastasis. Here, we identified a motif in Abi proteins that conforms to consensus sequences found in a cohort of receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases that bind to Cbl-tyrosine kinase binding domain. The phosphorylation of tyrosine 213 in this motif is essential for Abi degradation. Double knockout of c-Cbl and Cbl B in Bcr-Abl-transformed leukemic cells abolishes Abi1, Abi2, and WAVE2 degradation. Moreover, knockout of Abi1 reduces Src family kinase Lyn activation in Bcr-Abl-positive leukemic cells and promotes EGF-induced EGF receptor downregulation in breast cancer cells. Importantly, Abi1 depletion impeded breast cancer cell invasion in vitro and metastasis in mouse xenografts. Together, these studies uncover a novel mechanism by which the WRC and receptor/non-receptor tyrosine kinases are regulated and identify Abi1 as a potential therapeutic target for metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Suni Tang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Hogan Hudgins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Tate Smalligan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Anuja Kamat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Janaki Dharmarpandi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Tarek Naguib
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - Xinli Liu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Zonghan Dai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA.
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16
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Design and synthesis of new triarylimidazole derivatives as dual inhibitors of BRAFV600E/p38α with potential antiproliferative activity. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Guo M, Duan Y, Dai S, Li J, Chen X, Qu L, Chen Z, Wei H, Jiang L, Chen Y. Structural study of ponatinib in inhibiting SRC kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 598:15-19. [PMID: 35151199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ponatinib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets ABL, SRC, FGFR, and so on. It was designed to overcome the resistance of BCR-ABL mutation to imatinib, especially the gatekeeper mutation ABLT315I. The molecular mechanism by which ponatinib overcomes mutations of BCR-ABL and some other targets has been explained, but little information is known about the characteristics of ponatinib binding to SRC. Here, we showed that ponatinib inhibited wild type SRC kinase but failed to inhibit SRC gatekeeper mutants in both biochemical and cellular assays. We determined the crystal structure of ponatinib in complex with the SRC kinase domain. In addition, by structural analysis, we provided a possible explanation for why ponatinib showed different effects on SRC and other kinases with gatekeeper mutations. The resistance mechanism of SRC gatekeeper mutations to ponatinib may provide meaningful information for designing inhibitors against SRC family kinases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Guo
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yankun Duan
- Department of Infectious Diseases & State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Shuyan Dai
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Lingzhi Qu
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Zhuchu Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Hudie Wei
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Longying Jiang
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Department of Pathology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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18
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Liu C, Zhu X, Jia Y, Chi F, Qin K, Pei J, Zhang C, Mu X, Zhang H, Dong X, Xu J, Yu B. Dasatinib inhibits proliferation of liver cancer cells, but activation of Akt/mTOR compromises dasatinib as a cancer drug. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:823-836. [PMID: 33961012 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dasatinib is a multi-target protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Due to its potent inhibition of Src, Abl, the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) family kinases, and other oncogenic kinases, it has been investigated as a targeted therapy for a broad spectrum of cancer types. However, its efficacy has not been significantly extended beyond leukemia. The mechanism of resistance to dasatinib in a wide array of cancers is not clear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dasatinib on hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth and explored the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that dasatinib potently inhibited the proliferation of SNU-449 cells, but not that of other cell lines, such as SK-Hep-1, even though it inhibited the phosphorylation of Src on both negative and positive regulation sites in all these cells. Dasatinib activated the phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase1 (PDK1)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in SK-Hep-1 cells, but not in SNU-449 cells. Blocking the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway strongly promoted the efficacy of dasatinib in SK-Hep-1 cells. In SNU-449 cells, dasatinib promoted apoptosis and the cleavage of caspase-3 and caspase-7, induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and inhibited the expression of Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK4)/6/CyclinD1 complex. These findings demonstrate that dasatinib exerts its anti-proliferative effect on hepatocellular cell proliferation by blocking the Src family kinases; however, it causes Akt activation, which compromises dasatinib as an anti-cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yuqi Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Fenqing Chi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Keru Qin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jinhong Pei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Chan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiuli Mu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - Xiushan Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Baofeng Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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19
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George TJ, Ali A, Wang Y, Lee JH, Ivey AM, DeRemer D, Daily KC, Allegra CJ, Hughes SJ, Fan ZH, Cameron ME, Judge AR, Trevino JG. Phase II Study of 5-Fluorouracil, Oxaliplatin plus Dasatinib (FOLFOX-D) in First-Line Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Oncologist 2021; 26:825-e1674. [PMID: 34101295 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
LESSONS LEARNED Preclinical studies have demonstrated that Src inhibition through dasatinib synergistically enhances the antitumor effects of oxaliplatin. In this phase II, single-arm study, FOLFOX with dasatinib in previously untreated patients with mPC only showed only modest clinical activity, with a progressive-free survival of 4 months and overall survival of 10.6 months. Continued investigation is ongoing to better understand the role of Src inhibition with concurrent 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in a subset of exceptional responders. BACKGROUND Src tyrosine kinase activity is overexpressed in many human cancers, including metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC). Dasatinib is a potent inhibitor of Src family of tyrosine kinases. This study was designed to investigate whether dasatinib can synergistically enhance antitumor effects of FOLFOX regimen (FOLFOX-D). METHODS In this single-arm, phase II study, previously untreated patients received dasatinib 150 mg oral daily on days 1-14, oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 intravenous (IV) on day 1 every 14 days, leucovorin (LV) 400 mg/m2 IV on day 1 every 14 days, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) bolus 400 mg/m2 on day 1 every 14 days, and 5-FU continuous infusion 2,400 mg/m2 on day 1 every 14 days. Primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) with preplanned comparison to historical controls. RESULTS Forty-four patients enrolled with an estimated median PFS of 4.0 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-8.5) months and overall survival (OS) of 10.6 (95% CI, 6.9-12.7) months. Overall response rate (ORR) was 22.7% (n = 10): one patient (2.3%) with complete response (CR) and nine patients (20.5%) with partial response (PR). Fifteen patients (34.1%) had stable disease (SD). Nausea was the most common adverse event (AE) seen in 35 patients (79.5%). CONCLUSION The addition of dasatinib did not appear to add incremental clinical benefit to FOLFOX in untreated patients with mPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J George
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Azka Ali
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Division of Quantitative Sciences, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Division of Quantitative Sciences, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Alison M Ivey
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - David DeRemer
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Karen C Daily
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Carmen J Allegra
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Steven J Hughes
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Z Hugh Fan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Miles E Cameron
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew R Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jose G Trevino
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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20
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Chen Y, Wu B, He JF, Chen J, Kang ZW, Liu D, Luo J, Fang K, Leng X, Tian H, Xu J, Jin C, Zhang J, Wang J, Zhang J, Ou Q, Lu L, Gao F, Xu GT. Effectively Intervening Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells With a Combination of ROCK and TGF-β Signaling Inhibitors. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:21. [PMID: 33861322 PMCID: PMC8083104 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.4.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is a key pathological event in proliferative retinal diseases such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). This study aimed to explore a new method to reverse EMT in RPE cells to develop an improved therapy for proliferative retinal diseases. Methods In vitro, human embryonic stem cell-derived RPE cells were passaged and cultured at low density for an extended period of time to establish an EMT model. At different stages of EMT after treatment with known molecules or combinations of molecules, the morphology was examined, transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was measured, and expression of RPE- and EMT-related genes were examined with RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. In vivo, a rat model of EMT in RPE cells was established via subretinal injection of dispase. Retinal function was examined by electroretinography (ERG), and retinal morphology was examined. Results EMT of RPE cells was effectively induced by prolonged low-density culture. After EMT occurred, only the combination of the Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y27632 and the TGF-β receptor inhibitor RepSox (RY treatment) effectively suppressed and reversed the EMT process, even in cells in an intermediate state of EMT. In dispase-treated Sprague-Dawley rats, RY treatment maintained the morphology of RPE cells and the retina and preserved retinal function. Conclusions RY treatment might promote mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), the inverse process of EMT, to maintain the epithelial-like morphology and function of RPE cells. This combined RY therapy could be a new strategy for treating proliferative retinal diseases, especially those involving EMT of RPE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binxin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Feng He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi Wei Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexin Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxu Leng
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibin Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingying Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixia Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieping Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Furong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Tongji Eye Institute, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Lee S, Kim J, Jo J, Chang JW, Sim J, Yun H. Recent advances in development of hetero-bivalent kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 216:113318. [PMID: 33730624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Identifying a pharmacological agent that targets only one of more than 500 kinases present in humans is an important challenge. One potential solution to this problem is the development of bivalent kinase inhibitors, which consist of two connected fragments, each bind to a dissimilar binding site of the bisubstrate enzyme. The main advantage of bivalent (type V) kinase inhibitors is generating more interactions with target enzymes that can enhance the molecules' selectivity and affinity compared to single-site inhibitors. Earlier type V inhibitors were not suitable for the cellular environment and were mostly used in in vitro studies. However, recently developed bivalent compounds have high kinase affinity, high biological and chemical stability in vivo. This review summarized the hetero-bivalent kinase inhibitors described in the literature from 2014 to the present. We attempted to classify the molecules by serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and then each target kinase and its hetero-bivalent inhibitor was assessed in depth. In addition, we discussed the analysis of advantages, limitations, and perspectives of bivalent kinase inhibitors compared with the monovalent kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungbeom Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeyun Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Hematology & Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Tolomeo M, Cascio A. The Multifaced Role of STAT3 in Cancer and Its Implication for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020603. [PMID: 33435349 PMCID: PMC7826746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is one of the most complex regulators of transcription. Constitutive activation of STAT3 has been reported in many types of tumors and depends on mechanisms such as hyperactivation of receptors for pro-oncogenic cytokines and growth factors, loss of negative regulation, and excessive cytokine stimulation. In contrast, somatic STAT3 mutations are less frequent in cancer. Several oncogenic targets of STAT3 have been recently identified such as c-myc, c-Jun, PLK-1, Pim1/2, Bcl-2, VEGF, bFGF, and Cten, and inhibitors of STAT3 have been developed for cancer prevention and treatment. However, despite the oncogenic role of STAT3 having been widely demonstrated, an increasing amount of data indicate that STAT3 functions are multifaced and not easy to classify. In fact, the specific cellular role of STAT3 seems to be determined by the integration of multiple signals, by the oncogenic environment, and by the alternative splicing into two distinct isoforms, STAT3α and STAT3β. On the basis of these different conditions, STAT3 can act both as a potent tumor promoter or tumor suppressor factor. This implies that the therapies based on STAT3 modulators should be performed considering the pleiotropic functions of this transcription factor and tailored to the specific tumor type.
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23
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SRC Signaling in Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1270:57-71. [PMID: 33123993 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-47189-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pioneering experiments performed by Harold Varmus and Mike Bishop in 1976 led to one of the most influential discoveries in cancer research and identified the first cancer-causing oncogene called Src. Later experimental and clinical evidence suggested that Src kinase plays a significant role in promoting tumor growth and progression and its activity is associated with poor patient survival. Thus, several Src inhibitors were developed and approved by FDA for treatment of cancer patients. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly complex and dynamic milieu where significant cross-talk occurs between cancer cells and TME components, which consist of tumor-associated macrophages, fibroblasts, and other immune and vascular cells. Growth factors and chemokines activate multiple signaling cascades in TME and induce multiple kinases and pathways, including Src, leading to tumor growth, invasion/metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and progression. Here, we will systemically evaluate recent findings regarding regulation of Src and significance of targeting Src in cancer therapy.
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24
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Roy-Luzarraga M, Abdel-Fatah T, Reynolds LE, Clear A, Taylor JG, Gribben JG, Chan S, Jones L, Hodivala-Dilke K. Association of Low Tumor Endothelial Cell pY397-Focal Adhesion Kinase Expression With Survival in Patients With Neoadjuvant-Treated Locally Advanced Breast Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2019304. [PMID: 33107920 PMCID: PMC7592032 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Determining the risk of relapse after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer is required to offer alternative therapeutic strategies. OBJECTIVE To examine whether endothelial cell phosphorylated-focal adhesion kinase (EC-pY397-FAK) expression in patients with treatment-naive locally advanced breast cancer is a biomarker for chemotherapy sensitivity and is associated with survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this prognostic study, expression levels of EC-pY397-FAK and tumor cell (TC)-pY397-FAK were determined by immunohistochemistry in prechemotherapy core biopsies from 82 female patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with anthracycline-based combination neoadjuvant chemotherapy at Nottingham City Hospital in Nottingham, UK. Median follow-up time was 67 months. The study was conducted from December 1, 2010, to September 28, 2019, and data analysis was performed from October 2, 2019, to March 31, 2020. EXPOSURES All women underwent surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and, if tumors were estrogen receptor-positive, 5-year tamoxifen treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Outcomes were pathologic complete response and 5-year relapse-free survival examined using Kaplan-Meier, univariable logistic, multivariable logistic, and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS A total of 82 women (age, 29-76 years) with locally advanced breast cancer (stage IIA-IIIC) were included. Of these, 21 women (26%) had high EC-pY397-FAK expression that was associated with estrogen receptor positivity (71% vs 46%; P = .04), progesterone receptor positivity (67% vs 39%; P = .03), high Ki67 (86% vs 41%; P < .001), 4-immunohistochemically stained luminal-B (52% vs 8%; P < .001), higher tumor category (T3/T4 category: 90% vs 59%; P = .01), high lymph node category (N2-3 category: 43% vs 5%; P < .001), and high tumor node metastasis stage (IIIA-IIIC: 90% vs 66%; P = .03). Of 21 patients with high EC-pY397-FAK expression levels, none showed pathologic complete response, compared with 11 of 61 patients with low EC-pY397-FAK expression levels who showed pathologic complete response (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.61-0.82; P = .04). High EC-pY397-FAK expression levels and high blood vessel density (BVD) were associated with shorter 5-year relapse-free survival compared with those with low EC-pY397-FAK expression levels (hazard ratio [HR], 2.21; 95% CI, 1.17-4.20; P = .01) and low BVD (HR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.15-4.35; P = .02). High TC-pY397-FAK expression levels in 15 of 82 women (18%) were not associated significantly with pathologic complete response or 5-year relapse-free survival. A multivariable Cox regression model for 5-year relapse-free survival indicated that high EC-pY397-FAK expression levels was an independent poor prognostic factor after controlling for other validated prognostic factors (HR, 3.91; 95% CI, 1.42-10.74; P = .01). Combined analysis of EC-pY397-FAK expression levels, TC-pY397-FAK expression levels, and BVD improved prognostic significance over individually tested features. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study suggest that low EC-pY397-FAK expression levels are associated with chemotherapy sensitivity and improved 5-year relapse-free survival after systemic therapy. Combined analysis of high EC-pY397-FAK expression levels, high TC-pY397-FAK expression levels, and high BVD appeared to identify a high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Roy-Luzarraga
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tarek Abdel-Fatah
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Minoufyia University, Al Minufiyah, Egypt
| | - Louise E. Reynolds
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Clear
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph G. Taylor
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - John G. Gribben
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Yu L, Lai Q, Gou L, Feng J, Yang J. Opportunities and obstacles of targeted therapy and immunotherapy in small cell lung cancer. J Drug Target 2020; 29:1-11. [PMID: 32700566 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1797050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignant tumour which accounts for approximately 13-15% of all newly diagnosed lung cancer cases. To date, platinum-based chemotherapy are still the first-line treatments for SCLC. However, chemotherapy resistance and systemic toxicity limit the long-term clinical outcome of first-line treatment in SCLC. Recent years, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have made great breakthrough in cancer therapy, and researchers aim to exploit both as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy to improve the survival of SCLC patients, but limited effectiveness and the adverse events remain the major obstacles in the treatment of SCLC. To overcome these challenges for SCLC therapies, prevention and early diagnosis for this refractory disease is very important. At the same time, we should reveal more information about the pathogenesis of SCLC and the mechanism of drug resistance. Finally, new treatment strategies should also be taken into considerations, such as repurposing drug, optimising of targets, combination therapy strategies or prognostic biomarkers to enhance therapeutic effects and decrease the adverse events rates in SCLC patients. This article will review the molecular biology characteristics of SCLC and discuss the opportunities and obstacles of the current therapy for SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yu
- The Clinical Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinhuai Lai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lantu Gou
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiafu Feng
- The Clinical Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Jinliang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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26
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Ono M, Takeshima M, Nishi A, Higuchi T, Nakano S. Genistein Suppresses v-Src-Driven Proliferative Activity by Arresting the Cell-Cycle at G2/M through Increasing p21 Level in Src-Activated Human Gallbladder Carcinoma cells. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1471-1479. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1797835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Ono
- Graduate School of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mikako Takeshima
- Graduate School of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Asuka Nishi
- Graduate School of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takako Higuchi
- Graduate School of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakano
- Graduate School of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
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27
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Indovina P, Forte IM, Pentimalli F, Giordano A. Targeting SRC Family Kinases in Mesothelioma: Time to Upgrade. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071866. [PMID: 32664483 PMCID: PMC7408838 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a deadly tumor mainly caused by exposure to asbestos. Unfortunately, no current treatment is able to change significantly the natural history of the disease, which has a poor prognosis in the majority of patients. The non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRC and other SRC family kinase (SFK) members are frequently hyperactivated in many cancer types, including MM. Several works have indeed suggested that SFKs underlie MM cell proliferation, survival, motility, and invasion, overall affecting multiple oncogenic pathways. Consistently, SFK inhibitors effectively counteracted MM cancerous features at the preclinical level. Dasatinib, a multi-kinase inhibitor targeting SFKs, was also assessed in clinical trials either as second-line treatment for patients with unresectable MM or, more recently, as a neoadjuvant agent in patients with resectable MM. Here, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms implicating SFKs in MM progression and discuss possible strategies for a more successful clinical application of SFK inhibitors. Our aim is to stimulate discussion and further consideration of these agents in better designed preclinical and clinical studies to make the most of another class of powerful antitumoral drugs, which too often are lost in translation when applied to MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Indovina
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking, National Research Council of Italy (ICAR-CNR), I-80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.I.); (F.P.)
| | - Iris Maria Forte
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, I-80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: (P.I.); (F.P.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
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28
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Nana F, Kuete V, Zaharia V, Ngameni B, Sandjo LP. Synthesis of Functionalized 1‐Aryl‐3‐phenylthiazolylpropanoids and Their Potential as Anticancer Agents. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Nana
- Department of organic chemistry Faculty of Science Yaoundé University of Yaoundé I P.O. Box 812 Cameroon
- Faculty of Pharmacy ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu'' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes 41 400012 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Victor Kuete
- Faculty of Science University of Dschang P.O. Box 67 Dschang Cameroon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 55128 Germany
| | - Valentin Zaharia
- Faculty of Pharmacy ‘‘Iuliu Hatieganu'' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes 41 400012 Cluj-Napoca Romania
| | - Bathelemy Ngameni
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 P.O. Box. 8664 Yaoundé Cameroon
| | - Louis P. Sandjo
- Department of Chemistry CFM Federal University of Santa Catarina 88040-900 Florianópolis SC Brazil
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29
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Weng CW, Li JH, Tsai JY, Lin SH, Chang GC, Liu CC, Chen JJW. Pharmacophore-based virtual screening for the identification of the novel Src inhibitor SJG-136 against lung cancer cell growth and motility. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:1668-1690. [PMID: 32642283 PMCID: PMC7339285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant elevated Src activity is related to lung cancer growth and metastasis. Therefore, the development of potent small molecule inhibitors to target Src kinase is a potential therapeutic strategy for lung cancer. This study aimed to develop a computational model for the in silico screening of Src inhibitors and then assess the suppressive effect of candidate compounds on cellular functions. A 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) pharmacophore model consisting of two hydrogen bond acceptors and two hydrophobic regions was constructed by using 28 structurally diverse compounds with IC50 values spanning four orders of magnitude. A National Cancer Institute (NCI) compound dataset was employed for virtual screening by applying the pharmacophore model and molecular docking. Candidate compounds were chosen from the top 20% of scored hits. Among these compounds, the suppressive effects of 30 compounds available in the NCI on Src phosphorylation were validated by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Among these compounds, SJG-136, a pyrrolobenzodiazepine dimer, showed a significant inhibitory effect against Src activity in a dose-dependent manner. Further investigations showed that SJG-136 can inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation, clonogenicity, invasion and migration in vitro and tumour growth in vivo. Furthermore, SJG-136 also had an inhibitory effect on Src-related signaling pathways, including the FAK, paxillin, p130Cas, PI3K, AKT, and MEK pathways. In conclusion, we have established a pharmacophore-based virtual screening approach to identify novel Src inhibitors that can inhibit lung cancer cell growth and motility through suppressing Src-related pathways. These findings may contribute to the development of targeted drugs for lung cancer treatment, such as lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hua Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yuan Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General HospitalTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Liu
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy JW Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung, Taiwan
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30
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Gurbani D, Du G, Henning NJ, Rao S, Bera AK, Zhang T, Gray NS, Westover KD. Structure and Characterization of a Covalent Inhibitor of Src Kinase. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:81. [PMID: 32509799 PMCID: PMC7248381 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Unregulated Src activity promotes malignant processes in cancer, but no Src-directed targeted therapies are used clinically, possibly because early Src inhibitors produce off-target effects leading to toxicity. Improved selective Src inhibitors may enable Src-directed therapies. Previously, we reported an irreversible Src inhibitor, DGY-06-116, based on the hybridization of dasatinib and a promiscuous covalent kinase probe SM1-71. Here, we report biochemical and biophysical characterization of this compound. An x-ray co-crystal structure of DGY-06-116: Src shows a covalent interaction with the kinase p-loop and occupancy of the back hydrophobic kinase pocket, explaining its high potency, and selectivity. However, a reversible analog also shows similar potency. Kinetic analysis shows a slow inactivation rate compared to other clinically approved covalent kinase inhibitors, consistent with a need for p-loop movement prior to covalent bond formation. Overall, these results suggest that a strong reversible interaction is required to allow sufficient time for the covalent reaction to occur. Further optimization of the covalent linker may improve the kinetics of covalent bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Gurbani
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Guangyan Du
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nathaniel J. Henning
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Suman Rao
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science (HiTS), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Asim K. Bera
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Tinghu Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kenneth D. Westover
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
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Results of a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2.5 Study of Saracatinib (AZD0530), in Patients with Recurrent Osteosarcoma Localized to the Lung. Sarcoma 2020; 2020:7935475. [PMID: 32398945 PMCID: PMC7211262 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7935475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Osteosarcoma is a rare cancer and a third of patients who have completed primary treatment will develop osteosarcoma recurrence. The Src pathway has been implicated in the metastatic behavior of osteosarcoma; about 95% of samples examined express Src or have evidence of downstream activation of this pathway. Saracatinib (AZD0530) is a potent and selective Src kinase inhibitor that was evaluated in adults in Phase 1 studies. The primary goal of this study was to determine if treatment with saracatinib could increase progression-free survival (PFS) for patients who have undergone complete resection of osteosarcoma lung metastases in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Patients and Methods. Subjects with recurrent osteosarcoma localized to lung and who had complete surgical removal of all lung nodules were randomized within six weeks after complete surgical resection. Saracatinib, or placebo, was administered at a dose of 175 mg orally, once daily, for up to thirteen 28-day cycles. Results Thirty-seven subjects were included in the analyses; 18 subjects were randomized to receive saracatinib and 19 to receive placebo. Intent-to-treat analysis demonstrated a median PFS of 19.4 months in the saracatinib treatment group and 8.6 months in the placebo treatment group (p=0.47). Median OS was not reached in either arm. Conclusions Although saracatinib was well tolerated in this patient population, there was no apparent impact of the drug in this double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial on OS, and Src inhibition alone may not be sufficient to suppress metastatic progression in osteosarcoma. There is a suggestion of potential clinical benefit as evidenced by longer PFS in patients randomized to saracatinib based on limited numbers of patients treated.
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Vanneste M, Feddersen CR, Varzavand A, Zhu EY, Foley T, Zhao L, Holt KH, Milhem M, Piper R, Stipp CS, Dupuy AJ, Henry MD. Functional Genomic Screening Independently Identifies CUL3 as a Mediator of Vemurafenib Resistance via Src-Rac1 Signaling Axis. Front Oncol 2020; 10:442. [PMID: 32346533 PMCID: PMC7169429 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with malignant melanoma have a 5-year survival rate of only 15-20% once the tumor has metastasized to distant tissues. While MAP kinase pathway inhibitors (MAPKi) are initially effective for the majority of patients with melanoma harboring BRAFV600E mutation, over 90% of patients relapse within 2 years. Thus, there is a critical need for understanding MAPKi resistance mechanisms. In this manuscript, we performed a forward genetic screen using a whole genome shRNA library to identify negative regulators of vemurafenib resistance. We identified loss of NF1 and CUL3 as drivers of vemurafenib resistance. NF1 is a known driver of vemurafenib resistance in melanoma through its action as a negative regulator of RAS. However, the mechanism by which CUL3, a key protein in E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, is involved in vemurafenib resistance was unknown. We found that loss of CUL3 was associated with an increase in RAC1 activity and MEKS298 phosphorylation. However, the addition of the Src family inhibitor saracatinib prevented resistance to vemurafenib in CUL3KD cells and reversed RAC1 activation. This finding suggests that inhibition of the Src family suppresses MAPKi resistance in CUL3KD cells by inactivation of RAC1. Our results also indicated that the loss of CUL3 does not promote the activation of RAC1 through stabilization, suggesting that CUL3 is involved in the stability of upstream regulators of RAC1. Collectively, our study identifies the loss of CUL3 as a driver of MAPKi resistance through activation of RAC1 and demonstrates that inhibition of the Src family can suppress the MAPKi resistance phenotype in CUL3KD cells by inactivating RAC1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Vanneste
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Charlotte R. Feddersen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Afshin Varzavand
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Elliot Y. Zhu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Tyler Foley
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Kathleen H. Holt
- Viral Vector Core Facility, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Mohammed Milhem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Robert Piper
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Christopher S. Stipp
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Adam J. Dupuy
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Michael D. Henry
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Urology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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Qin J, Shen X, Zhang J, Jia D. Allosteric inhibitors of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 190:112122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Du G, Rao S, Gurbani D, Henning NJ, Jiang J, Che J, Yang A, Ficarro SB, Marto JA, Aguirre AJ, Sorger PK, Westover KD, Zhang T, Gray NS. Structure-Based Design of a Potent and Selective Covalent Inhibitor for SRC Kinase That Targets a P-Loop Cysteine. J Med Chem 2020; 63:1624-1641. [PMID: 31935084 PMCID: PMC7493195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SRC is a major regulator of many signaling pathways and contributes to cancer development. However, development of a selective SRC inhibitor has been challenging, and FDA-approved SRC inhibitors, dasatinib and bosutinib, are multitargeted kinase inhibitors. Here, we describe our efforts to develop a selective SRC covalent inhibitor by targeting cysteine 277 on the P-loop of SRC. Using a promiscuous covalent kinase inhibitor (CKI) SM1-71 as a starting point, we developed covalent inhibitor 15a, which discriminates SRC from other covalent targets of SM1-71 including TAK1 and FGFR1. As an irreversible covalent inhibitor, compound 15a exhibited sustained inhibition of SRC signaling both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, 15a exhibited potent antiproliferative effects in nonsmall cell lung cancer cell lines harboring SRC activation, thus providing evidence that this approach may be promising for further drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Du
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Suman Rao
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
- Laboratory of Systems Biology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Deepak Gurbani
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology , The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States
| | - Nathaniel J Henning
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Jianwei Che
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Annan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Scott B Ficarro
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Jarrod A Marto
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Andrew J Aguirre
- Department of Medical Oncology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Biology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Kenneth D Westover
- Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation Oncology , The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States
| | - Tinghu Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Nathanael S Gray
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Department of Cancer Biology , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , 450 Brookline Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
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Shen J, Li L, Yang T, Cohen PS, Sun G. Biphasic Mathematical Model of Cell-Drug Interaction That Separates Target-Specific and Off-Target Inhibition and Suggests Potent Targeted Drug Combinations for Multi-Driver Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020436. [PMID: 32069833 PMCID: PMC7072552 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantifying the response of cancer cells to a drug, and understanding the mechanistic basis of the response, are the cornerstones for anti-cancer drug discovery. Classical single target-based IC50 measurements are inadequate at describing cancer cell responses to targeted drugs. In this study, based on an analysis of targeted inhibition of colorectal cancer cell lines, we develop a new biphasic mathematical model that accurately describes the cell–drug response. The model describes the drug response using three kinetic parameters: ratio of target-specific inhibition, F1, potency of target-specific inhibition, Kd1, and potency of off-target toxicity, Kd2. Determination of these kinetic parameters also provides a mechanistic basis for predicting effective combination targeted therapy for multi-driver cancer cells. The experiments confirmed that a combination of inhibitors, each blocking a driver pathway and having a distinct target-specific effect, resulted in a potent and synergistic blockade of cell viability, improving potency over mono-agent treatment by one to two orders of magnitude. We further demonstrate that mono-driver cancer cells represent a special scenario in which F1 becomes nearly 100%, and the drug response becomes monophasic. Application of this model to the responses of >400 cell lines to kinase inhibitor dasatinib revealed that the ratio of biphasic versus monophasic responses is about 4:1. This study develops a new mathematical model of quantifying cancer cell response to targeted therapy, and suggests a new framework for developing rational combination targeted therapy for colorectal and other multi-driver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Shen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.S.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (P.S.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.S.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (P.S.C.)
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.S.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (P.S.C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Paul S. Cohen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.S.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (P.S.C.)
| | - Gongqin Sun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.S.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (P.S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-874-5937
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Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a cytoplasmic transcription factor that regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation and immune responses. Aberrant STAT3 activation triggers tumor progression through oncogenic gene expression in numerous human cancers, leading to promote tumor malignancy. On the contrary, STAT3 activation in immune cells cause elevation of immunosuppressive factors. Accumulating evidence suggests that the tumor microenvironment closely interacts with the STAT3 signaling pathway. So, targeting STAT3 may improve tumor progression, and anti-cancer immune response. In this review, we summarized the role of STAT3 in cancer and the tumor microenvironment, and present inhibitors of STAT3 signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeri Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Ae Jin Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080; Neuro-Immune Information Storage Network Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Barbosa AM, Martel F. Targeting Glucose Transporters for Breast Cancer Therapy: The Effect of Natural and Synthetic Compounds. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010154. [PMID: 31936350 PMCID: PMC7016663 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism is widely accepted to be a cancer hallmark. The deviant energetic metabolism of cancer cells-known as the Warburg effect-consists in much higher rates of glucose uptake and glycolytic oxidation coupled with the production of lactic acid, even in the presence of oxygen. Consequently, cancer cells have higher glucose needs and thus display a higher sensitivity to glucose deprivation-induced death than normal cells. So, inhibitors of glucose uptake are potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Overexpression of facilitative glucose transporters (GLUT), mainly GLUT1, in breast cancer cells is firmly established, and the consequences of GLUT inhibition and/or knockout are under investigation. Herein we review the compounds, both of natural and synthetic origin, found to interfere with uptake of glucose by breast cancer cells, and the consequences of interference with that mechanism on breast cancer cell biology. We will also present data where the interaction with GLUT is exploited in order to increase the efficiency or selectivity of anticancer agents, in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Barbosa
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Fátima Martel
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-042-6654
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Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity in Circulating Tumor Cells, the Precursors of Metastasis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1220:11-34. [PMID: 32304077 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35805-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells offer an unprecedented window into the metastatic cascade, and to some extent can be considered as intermediates in the process of metastasis. They exhibit dynamic oscillations in epithelial to mesenchymal plasticity and provide important opportunities for prognosis, therapy response monitoring, and targeting of metastatic disease. In this manuscript, we review the involvement of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in the early steps of metastasis and what we have learned about its contribution to genomic instability and genetic diversity, tumor progression and therapeutic responses using cell culture, mouse models and circulating tumor cells enriched from patients.
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Ma X, Qiu Y, Zhu L, Zhao Y, Lin Y, Ma D, Qin Z, Sun C, Shen X, Li T, Han L. NOD1 inhibits proliferation and enhances response to chemotherapy via suppressing SRC-MAPK pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 98:221-232. [PMID: 31872284 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01868-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
NOD1 is an innate immune sensor playing an important role in fighting against infection. However, its role in cancer is far from being clarified, and whether NOD1 plays a role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has never been reported. Here, we found that NOD1 expression was significantly decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and overexpression of NOD1 significantly inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo. In vitro experiments demonstrated that NOD1 inhibited proliferation of HCC cells by directly targeting proto-oncogene SRC and inducing cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Further investigation showed that NOD1 exerted its antitumor effect by inhibiting SRC activation and further suppressing SRC/MAPK axis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Moreover, NOD1 dramatically enhanced the response of HCC cells to chemotherapy via inhibition of SRC-MAPK axis both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these data indicated that NOD1 suppressed proliferation and enhanced response to sorafenib or 5-FU treatment through inhibiting SRC-MAPK axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. KEY MESSAGES: NOD1 significantly inhibited tumorigenesis of HCC in cellular and animal models. NOD1 inhibited proliferation of HCC cells by inducing cell cycle arrest. NOD1 exerted its antitumor effect on HCC by directly interacting with SRC and inhibiting SRC-MAPK axis. NOD1 significantly enhanced the chemosensitivity of HCC cells to chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yumin Qiu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Lihui Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yunxue Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yueke Lin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Dapeng Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zhenzhi Qin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Caiyu Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xuecheng Shen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Lihui Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection & Immunology, Department of Immunology, Shandong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Intramitochondrial Src kinase links mitochondrial dysfunctions and aggressiveness of breast cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:940. [PMID: 31819039 PMCID: PMC6901437 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High levels and activity of Src kinase are common among breast cancer subtypes, and several inhibitors of the kinase are currently tested in clinical trials. Alterations in mitochondrial activity is also observed among the different types of breast cancer. Src kinase is localized in several subcellular compartments, including mitochondria where it targets several proteins to modulate the activity of the organelle. Although the subcellular localization of other oncogenes modulates the potency of known treatments, nothing is known about the specific role of intra-mitochondrial Src (mtSrc) in breast cancer. The aim of this work was to determine whether mtSrc kinase has specific impact on breast cancer cells. We first observed that activity of mtSrc is higher in breast cancer cells of the triple negative subtype. Over-expression of Src specifically targeted to mitochondria reduced mtDNA levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular respiration. These alterations of mitochondrial functions led to lower cellular viability, shorter cell cycle and increased invasive capacity. Proteomic analyses revealed that mtSrc targets the mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein, a regulator of mtDNA replication. Our findings suggest that mtSrc promotes aggressiveness of breast cancer cells via phosphorylation of mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein leading to reduced mtDNA levels and mitochondrial activity. This study highlights the importance of considering the subcellular localization of Src kinase in the development of potent therapy for breast cancer.
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Lang L, Shay C, Zhao X, Xiong Y, Wang X, Teng Y. Simultaneously inactivating Src and AKT by saracatinib/capivasertib co-delivery nanoparticles to improve the efficacy of anti-Src therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:132. [PMID: 31805962 PMCID: PMC6896687 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0827-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Src, an oncoprotein that drives progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), is commonly hyperactivated in this disease. Unfortunately, the clinical benefit of targeting Src is significantly dampened in HNSCC patients, because the cytotoxic effects of anti-Src therapy and tumor resistance to it are less predictable. Thus, understanding the mechanism of tumor resistance to Src inhibition and seeking a way to overcome it are warranted. METHODS Dual drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) were developed to co-deliver Src inhibitor saracatinib (AZD0530) and AKT inhibitor capivasertib (AZD5363) into the same population of tumor cells. An orthotopic tongue tumor model was generated to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic effects. Cell growth was determined by CellTiter-Glo® Luminescent Cell Viability Kit, colony formation, and 3D culture, and tumor growth was determined by bioluminescence and tumor size. The molecular changes induced by the treatments were assessed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Capivasertib inactivated the AKT-S6 signaling and re-sensitized saracatinib-resistant HNSCC cells to saracatinib. Combination of capivasertib with saracatinib suppressed HNSCC growth more efficiently than either drug alone. Cathepsin B-sensitive NPs for co-delivering saracatinib and capivasertib significantly improved the efficacy of tumor repression without increasing side effects, which were due to highly specific tumor-targeting drug delivery system and synergistic anticancer effects by co-inactivation of AKT and Src in HNSCC cells. CONCLUSIONS Addition of AKT blockade improves anti-HNSCC efficacy of anti-Src therapy, and co-delivery of capivasertib and saracatinib by tumor-targeting NPs has the potential to achieve better treatment outcomes than the free drug combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Lang
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Chloe Shay
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Children's Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiangdong Zhao
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yuanping Xiong
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Xuli Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA. .,Georgia Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Medical Laboratory, Imaging and Radiologic Sciences, College of Allied Health, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Wilhelm EA, Soares PS, Reis AS, Barth A, Freitas BG, Motta KP, Lemos BB, Vogt AG, da Fonseca CAR, Araujo DR, Barcellos AM, Perin G, Luchese C. Se - [(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl] 4-chlorobenzoselenolate reduces the nociceptive and edematogenic response by chemical noxious stimuli in mice: Implications of multi-target actions. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1201-1209. [PMID: 31669884 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study evaluated the antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-edematogenic effects of Se-[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl] 4-chlorobenzoselenolate (Se-DMC). METHODS In vitro experiments were carried out to evaluate Se-DMC antioxidant action. Thiobarbituric acid reactive species levels, 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-thylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals scavenging and glutathione S-transferase-like activity were determined. Male Swiss mice were orally pretreated with Se-DMC (1, 10 and 50 mg/kg), meloxicam (50 mg/kg) or vehicle 30 min prior to acetic acid or glutamate test. To extend our knowledge of the pharmacological properties of this compound, it was tested in an inflammatory model through ear edema induced by croton oil. The contribution of glutamatergic and serotonergic systems was also investigated. RESULTS In vitro experiments revealed that Se-DMC exerts antioxidant activity. Nociception induced by glutamate or acetic acid was reduced by Se-DMC or meloxicam. Se-DMC diminished the paw edema formation induced by glutamate, while meloxicam did not show any effect. Se-DMC and meloxicam decreased the ear edema formation and protected against the increase in myeloperoxidase activity in mice ear induced by croton oil. The pretreatment of animals with MK-801 did not alter antinociception caused by Se-DMC in the glutamate test. The antinociceptive effect exerted by Se-DMC in the acetic acid test was reverted by the pretreatment of mice with different serotonergic antagonists (WAY100635, ketanserin and pindolol). CONCLUSIONS Data presented here showed that the modulation of serotonergic and glutamatergic systems and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions could contribute to the antinociceptive and anti-edematogenic effects of Se-DMC and it supported the therapeutic potential of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethel A Wilhelm
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Paola S Soares
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica S Reis
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Anelise Barth
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Barbara G Freitas
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ketlyn P Motta
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Briana B Lemos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ane G Vogt
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caren A R da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela R Araujo
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelita M Barcellos
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gelson Perin
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Klimenko OV, Sidorov A. The full recovery of mice (Mus Musculus C57BL/6 strain) from virus-induced sarcoma after treatment with a complex of DDMC delivery system and sncRNAs. Noncoding RNA Res 2019; 4:69-78. [PMID: 31193489 PMCID: PMC6531865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virus-induced cellular genetic modifications result in the development of many human cancers. METHODS In our experiments, we used the RVP3 cell line, which produce primary mouse virus-induced sarcoma in 100% of cases. Inbreed 4-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were injected subcutaneously in the interscapular region with RVP3 cells. Three groups of mice were used. For treatment, one and/or two intravenous injections of a complex of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) a-miR-155, piR-30074, and miR-125b with a 2-diethylaminoethyl-dextran methyl methacrylate copolymer (DDMC) delivery system were used. The first group consisted of untreated animals (control). The second group was treated with one injection of complex DDMC/sncRNAs (1st group). The third group was treated with two injections of complex DDMC/sncRNAs (2nd group). The tumors were removed aseptically, freed of necrotic material, and used with spleen and lungs for subsequent RT-PCR and immunofluorescence experiments, or stained with Leishman-Romanowski dye. RESULTS As a result, the mice fully recovered from virus-induced sarcoma after two treatments with a complex including the DDMC vector and a-miR-155, piR-30074, and miR-125b. In vitro studies showed genetic and morphological transformations of murine cancer cells after the injections. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of virus-induced sarcoma of mice with a-miR-155, piR-30074, and miR-125b as active component of anti-cancer complex and DDMC vector as delivery system due to epigenetic-regulated transformation of cancer cells into cells with non-cancerous physiology and morphology and full recovery of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana V. Klimenko
- SID ALEX GROUP, Ltd., Kyselova 1185/2, Prague, 182 00, Czech Republic
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Antoszczak M, Huczyński A. Salinomycin and its derivatives - A new class of multiple-targeted "magic bullets". Eur J Med Chem 2019; 176:208-227. [PMID: 31103901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The history of drug development clearly shows the scale of painstaking effort leading to a finished product - a highly biologically active agent that would be at the same time no or little toxic to human organism. Moreover, the aim of modern drug discovery can move from "one-molecule one-target" concept to more promising "one-molecule multiple-targets" one, particularly in the context of effective fight against cancer and other complex diseases. Gratifyingly, natural compounds are excellent source of potential drug leads. One of such promising naturally-occurring drug candidates is a polyether ionophore - salinomycin (SAL). This compound should be identified as multi-target agent for two reasons. Firstly, SAL combines a broad spectrum of bioactivity, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic and anticancer activity, with high selectivity of action, proving its significant therapeutic potential. Secondly, the multimodal mechanism of action of SAL has been shown to be related to its interactions with multiple molecular targets and signalling pathways that are synergistic for achieving a therapeutic anticancer effect. On the other hand, according to the Paul Ehrlich's "magic bullet" concept, invariably inspiring the scientists working on design of novel target-selective molecules, a very interesting direction of research is rational chemical modification of SAL. Importantly, many of SAL derivatives have been found to be more promising as chemotherapeutics than the native structure. This concise review article is focused both on the possible role of SAL and its selected analogues in future antimicrobial and/or cancer therapy, and on the potential use of SAL as a new class of multiple-targeted "magic bullet" because of its multimodal mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Antoszczak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Huczyński
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61‒614, Poznań, Poland.
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The significance of N-methylpicolinamides in the development of anticancer therapeutics: Synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 86:513-537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Shen J, Li L, Yang T, Cheng N, Sun G. Drug Sensitivity Screening and Targeted Pathway Analysis Reveal a Multi-Driver Proliferative Mechanism and Suggest a Strategy of Combination Targeted Therapy for Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030623. [PMID: 30754629 PMCID: PMC6384902 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of colorectal cancer mostly relies on traditional therapeutic approaches, such as surgery and chemotherapy. Limited options of targeted therapy for colorectal cancer narrowly focus on blocking cancer-generic targets VEGFR and EGFR. Identifying the oncogenic drivers, understanding their contribution to proliferation, and finding inhibitors to block such drivers are the keys to developing targeted therapy for colorectal cancer. In this study, ten colorectal cancer cell lines were screened against a panel of protein kinase inhibitors blocking key oncogenic signaling pathways. The results show that four of the 10 cell lines did not respond to any kinase inhibitors significantly, the other six were mildly inhibited by AZD-6244, BMS-754807, and/or dasatinib. Mechanistic analyses demonstrate that these inhibitors independently block the MAP kinase pathway, IR/IGF-1R/AKT pathway, and Src kinases, suggesting a multi-driver nature of proliferative signaling in these cells. Most of these cell lines were potently and synergistically inhibited by pair-wise combinations of these drugs. Furthermore, seven of the 10 cell lines were inhibited by the triple combination of AZD-6244/BMS-754807/dasatinib with IC50’s between 10 and 84 nM. These results suggest that combination targeted therapy may be an effective strategy against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Niuliang Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Gongqin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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Arnst KE, Banerjee S, Chen H, Deng S, Hwang DJ, Li W, Miller DD. Current advances of tubulin inhibitors as dual acting small molecules for cancer therapy. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:1398-1426. [PMID: 30746734 DOI: 10.1002/med.21568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule (MT)-targeting agents are highly successful drugs as chemotherapeutic agents, and this is attributed to their ability to target MT dynamics and interfere with critical cellular functions, including, mitosis, cell signaling, intracellular trafficking, and angiogenesis. Because MT dynamics vary in the different stages of the cell cycle, these drugs tend to be the most effective against mitotic cells. While this class of drug has proven to be effective against many cancer types, significant hurdles still exist and include overcoming aspects such as dose limited toxicities and the development of resistance. Newer generations of developed drugs attack these problems and alternative approaches such as the development of dual tubulin and kinase inhibitors are being investigated. This approach offers the potential to show increased efficacy and lower toxicities. This review covers different categories of MT-targeting agents, recent advances in dual inhibitors, and current challenges for this drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinsie E Arnst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Souvik Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Shanshan Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Dong-Jin Hwang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Duane D Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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Efficient optimization of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines derivatives as c-Src kinase inhibitors in neuroblastoma treatment. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3454-3457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Min HY, Jung Y, Park KH, Oh WK, Lee HY. Erybraedin A is a potential Src inhibitor that blocks the adhesion and viability of non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:145-151. [PMID: 29787750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The adhesion of cancer cells to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. Thus, it is necessary to inhibit cell-ECM adhesion by blocking the activation of the associated signaling to control cancer. Here, we identify erybraedin A (EBA) as a potential Src inhibitor that blocks cell adhesion and viability in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EBA significantly inhibited the adhesion of NSCLC cells to fibronectin. EBA also markedly inhibited the activation of Src and its downstream targets, including FAK and Akt. The interaction between integrin β1 or integrin β3 and Src was inhibited by EBA treatment. A docking study revealed the bindings of EBA to the ATP-binding pocket and the allosteric regulatory site of the Src kinase. Additionally, EBA markedly inhibited the viability and the colony formation of NSCLC cells and induced apoptotic cell death. These results describe novel biological properties of EBA, which can block the Src-mediated adhesion and survival of NSCLC cells, suggesting the potential of EBA as an anticancer Src inhibitor that warrants further development in advanced preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Young Min
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Jung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Hee Park
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Keun Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Zhang L, Kibaly C, Wang YJ, Xu C, Song KY, McGarrah PW, Loh HH, Liu JG, Law PY. Src-dependent phosphorylation of μ-opioid receptor at Tyr 336 modulates opiate withdrawal. EMBO Mol Med 2018; 9:1521-1536. [PMID: 28818835 PMCID: PMC5666313 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201607324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Opiate withdrawal/negative reinforcement has been implicated as one of the mechanisms for the progression from impulsive to compulsive drug use. Increase in the intracellular cAMP level and protein kinase A (PKA) activities within the neurocircuitry of addiction has been a leading hypothesis for opiate addiction. This increase requires the phosphorylation of μ‐opioid receptor (MOR) at Tyr336 by Src after prolonged opiate treatment in vitro. Here, we report that the Src‐mediated MOR phosphorylation at Tyr336 is a prerequisite for opiate withdrawal in mice. We observed the recruitment of Src in the vicinity of MOR and an increase in phosphorylated Tyr336 (pY336) levels during naloxone‐precipitated withdrawal. The intracerebroventricular or stereotaxic injection of a Src inhibitor (AZD0530), or Src shRNA viruses attenuated pY336 levels, and several somatic withdrawal signs. This was also observed in Fyn−/− mice. The stereotaxic injection of wild‐type MOR, but not mutant (Y336F) MOR, lentiviruses into the locus coeruleus of MOR−/− mice restored somatic withdrawal jumping. Regulating pY336 levels during withdrawal might be a future target for drug development to prevent opiate addictive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cherkaouia Kibaly
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yu-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kyu Young Song
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Patrick W McGarrah
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Horace H Loh
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jing-Gen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Yee Law
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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