1
|
Ancillotto L, Vignoli L, Martino J, Paoletti C, Romano A, Bruni G. Sexual dichromatism and throat display in spectacled salamanders: a role in visual communication? J Zool (1987) 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Ancillotto
- Wildlife Research Unit, Dipartimento di Agraria Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Portici Italy
| | - L. Vignoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Università degli studi Roma Tre Rome Italy
| | | | - C. Paoletti
- Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire ADVETIA Exotic Animal Service Vélizy‐Villacoublay France
| | - A. Romano
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche‐ Istituto per la BioEconomia Rome Italy
| | - G. Bruni
- Viale Palmiro Togliatti 101 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sexual Dimorphism in the Chinese Endemic Species Hynobius maoershanensis (Urodela: Hynobiidae). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131712. [PMID: 35804611 PMCID: PMC9265018 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the present study, we examined the sexual dimorphism of Hynobius maoershanensis. The results showed that it exhibits sexual shape dimorphism, with five morphological traits being male-biased and one being female-biased. The observed sexual shape dimorphism between males and females could be explained using the sexual selection and fecundity theory hypotheses. Abstract Sexual dimorphism is common in most vertebrate species and has diverse manifestations. The study of sexual dimorphism has critical significance for evolutionary biological and ecological adaptation. In this study, we analysed the morphometric data of Hynobius maoershanensis, a rare and endangered species, to examine sexual dimorphism in size and shape. A total of 61 H. maoershanensis individuals (9 adult females and 52 adult males) were used in this study. We measured 14 morphological variables and weight of each individual. Analysis of covariance using snout–vent length (SVL) as the covariate showed significant differences in head width (HW), tail length (TL), tail height (TH), forelimb length (FLL), hindlimb length (HLL) and space between axilla and groin (AGS) between the male and female. The female AGS was greater than that of the male, whereas males had greater HW, TL, TH, FLL and HLL than females. The findings show that sexual dimorphism is present in terms of shape but not in terms of size. The wider head of the male could improve mating success, and its thicker limbs and longer tail might facilitate courtship. The females’ wider AGS may increase reproductive output. Our results support sexual dimorphism in H. maoershanensis, which could be explained by the sexual selection and fecundity theory hypothesis.
Collapse
|
3
|
Xiong J, Huang Y, Ren H, Gao X, You Z. Sexual Shape Dimorphism in the Stream-Dwelling Salamander Batrachuperus pinchonii (Caudata: Hynobiidae). SOUTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.2994/sajh-d-18-00009.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Xiong
- Laboratory of adaptation and evolution of aquatic animals, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Laboratory of adaptation and evolution of aquatic animals, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China
| | - Hongtao Ren
- Laboratory of adaptation and evolution of aquatic animals, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China
| | - Xiaochan Gao
- Laboratory of adaptation and evolution of aquatic animals, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China
| | - Zhangqiang You
- Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiong J, Zhang B, Liu Q, Pan T, Gou J. Sexual dimorphism in the Chinese endemic species Pachyhynobius shangchengensis Fei, Qu and Wu, 1983 (Urodela: Hynobiidae). PeerJ 2019; 7:e6408. [PMID: 30809436 PMCID: PMC6385682 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism (SD) is a widespread phenomenon in most vertebrate species and is exhibited in a myriad of ways. In amphibians, sexual size dimorphism, in which females are larger than males, is the most common type, and sexual shape dimorphism varies among species. Different selection forces (sexual selection, fecundity selection, and ecological selection) that act differently upon the sexes form the consequence of SD. Thus, studies of SD provide information about the general intersexual divergence of the same species and allow insights into the impact of selective forces on the sexes. In this study, we analyzed morphometric data of the Shangcheng stout salamander, Pachyhynobius shangchengensis, an endemic and poorly known Chinese salamander, to examine sexual dimorphism in size and shape. The morphometric data included 15 characteristics of 68 females and 55 males which were analyzed using univariate and multivariate methods. A significant difference was found between the sexes in terms of both body size (snout-vent length) and some body shapes (e.g., head length and width, tail length and width, distance between limbs, and limb length and width) in this salamander. The longer snout-vent length in males may be attributed to sexual selection, longer and wider head in males may contribute to male-male competition, longer and wider tail in males may be attributed to energy storage and reproductive success, the larger distance between limbs in females is likely due to a fecundity advantage, and longer and more robust limbs in males may be related to reproductive or competitive behaviors. These results demonstrated that sexual dimorphism of different morphological traits is the consequence of different selection forces that act differently upon the sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Xiong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Baowei Zhang
- School of life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiangqiang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Tao Pan
- School of life Science, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianping Gou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pogoda P, Kupfer A. Flesh and bone: An integrative approach towards sexual size dimorphism of a terrestrial salamander (genus Salamandrina). J Morphol 2018; 279:1468-1479. [PMID: 30184248 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Males and females face different selection pressures due to a sexually biased investment into reproduction. This often results in different morphologies. Sexual size dimorphisms (SSD) can give us important hints on the evolution and biology of a species. Salamanders are a perfectly suited system for investigating SSD, including a diversity of reproductive modes and behaviors, and patterns of SSD combined with life history traits in a phylogenetic context help us to understand the evolution of these processes. Because spectacled salamanders (genus Salamandrina) are the phylogenetically most basal taxon of the Salamandridae, they play a key role in reconstructing the evolutionary pattern of SSD. Combining extensive external and skeletal measurements of the cranium, limbs, and the pelvic girdle using high-resolution micro Computer Tomography (μCT) yielded an integrative analysis of expressed SSD of morphology and osteology of Salamandrina perspicillata. Multivariate analysis of external characters showed that males generally had larger cloacae, heads, and limbs relative to body size, while females had larger trunks. Analysis of osteology confirmed this pattern but also revealed new dimorphic characters in the cranium and the pelvic girdle. Dimorphic characters in external morphology and osteology are likely linked to the different reproductive roles of the sexes and support sexual rather than ecological selection as the primary force acting on the phenotype of the phylogenetically basal salamandrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Pogoda
- Department of Zoology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Division of Zoology, Comparative Zoology, Institute of Evolution and Ecology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Kupfer
- Department of Zoology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.,Division of Zoology, Institute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Altunışık A. Age, Survivorship and Life Expectancy in Near Eastern Fire Salamander, Salamandra infraimmaculata (Caudata: Salamandridae). RUSS J ECOL+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1067413618020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
7
|
Silva FMD, Oliveira LSD, Nascimento LRDS, Machado FA, Prudente ALDC. Sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic changes of Amazonian pit vipers (Bothrops atrox). ZOOL ANZ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
8
|
Amat F, Oromí N, Sanuy D, Carranza S. Sexual dimorphism and age structure of the Montseny newt (Calotriton arnoldi). AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-00003000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Patterns of sexual dimorphism and age structure were investigated in two populations of the newtCalotriton arnoldi, endemic of the Montseny Massif (NE of the Iberian Peninsula). In contrast to the Pyrenean newt (Calotriton asper) sexual dimorphism in the Montseny brook newt is characterized by slightly larger females (60.3 ± 0.3 mm; maximum: 68 mm) than males (59.5 ± 0.2 mm; maximum: 64 mm) and more similar body shape between sexes. Both populations and sexes mature at the same age (3 years), show the same age structure and achieve similar longevity (8-9 years). Comparing our results with the framework of the variation of life-history traits inCalotriton, the Montseny newts exhibit fast sexual maturity and short longevity. Curiously, we have found a lack of covariation between age at sexual maturity, longevity and total body size in the populations ofCalotritonspecies. Only in males, age at sexual maturity seems to be affected by altitude, but in an unexpected way: sexual maturation is delayed in populations at low altitudes. Moreover, the age at sexual maturity does not differs between the populations where immatures are terrestrial vs. those where they remain aquatic. Our results suggest that life-history traits inCalotritonnewts could be determined by selective factors that play their role at small geographic scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fèlix Amat
- Àrea d’Herpetologia, Museu de Granollers – Ciències Naturals, Palaudàries 102, 08402 Granollers, Spain
| | - Neus Oromí
- Escola Superior d’Enginyeria Agrària, Departament de Producció Animal (Fauna Silvestre), Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Behavioural Biology Unit, Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolution, University of Liege, 22 Quai van Beneden, 4020 Liege, Belgium
| | - Delfí Sanuy
- Escola Superior d’Enginyeria Agrària, Departament de Producció Animal (Fauna Silvestre), Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Salvador Carranza
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Angelini C, Sotgiu G, Tessa G, Bielby J, Doglio S, Favelli M, Garner TWJ, Gazzaniga E, Giacoma C, Bovero S. Environmentally determined juvenile growth rates dictate the degree of sexual size dimorphism in the Sardinian brook newt. Evol Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-014-9717-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Sexual Dimorphism in Head Shape, Relative Head Width, and Body Size ofEurycea aquaticaandEurycea cirrigera. J HERPETOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1670/11-317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
11
|
Bielby J, Bovero S, Angelini C, Favelli M, Gazzaniga E, Perkins M, Sotgiu G, Tessa G, Garner TWJ. Geographic and taxonomic variation inBatrachochytrium dendrobatidisinfection and transmission within a highly endemic amphibian community. DIVERS DISTRIB 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Bovero
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non-profit Association for Wildlife Conservation; Strada Vicinale; Filigheddu 62/C; 07100; Sassari; Italy
| | - C. Angelini
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non-profit Association for Wildlife Conservation; Strada Vicinale; Filigheddu 62/C; 07100; Sassari; Italy
| | - M. Favelli
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non-profit Association for Wildlife Conservation; Strada Vicinale; Filigheddu 62/C; 07100; Sassari; Italy
| | - E. Gazzaniga
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non-profit Association for Wildlife Conservation; Strada Vicinale; Filigheddu 62/C; 07100; Sassari; Italy
| | - M. Perkins
- The Institute of Zoology; The Zoological Society of London; Regent's Park; London; NW1 4RY; UK
| | - G. Sotgiu
- Zirichiltaggi S. W. C. Non-profit Association for Wildlife Conservation; Strada Vicinale; Filigheddu 62/C; 07100; Sassari; Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Evolution of Sexual Dimorphism in the Number of Tail Vertebrae in Salamanders: Comparing Multiple Hypotheses. Evol Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-012-9203-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
13
|
Seglie D, Roy D, Giacoma C. Sexual Dimorphism and Age Structure in a Population of Tylototriton verrucosus (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Himalayan Region. COPEIA 2010. [DOI: 10.1643/cg-08-218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
14
|
Marvin GA. Sexual and Seasonal Dimorphism in the Cumberland Plateau Woodland Salamander, Plethodon kentucki (Caudata: Plethodontidae). COPEIA 2009. [DOI: 10.1643/ch-08-116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
15
|
Ivanović A, Sotiropoulos K, Furtula M, Džukić G, Kalezić ML. Sexual size and shape evolution in European newts (Amphibia: Caudata: Salamandridae) on the Balkan Peninsula. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2008.00479.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
16
|
CARRANZA SALVADOR, AMAT FELIX. Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula. Zool J Linn Soc 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00197.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|