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Bari SM, Amina A, Nadia ZM, Shawon RAR, Rahman MM, Masum MA, Habib KA. Morphological and molecular identification of Euclinostomum heterostomum (Trematoda: Clinostomidae) from spotted snakehead Channa punctata in Bangladesh. Syst Parasitol 2024; 101:62. [PMID: 39299980 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-024-10175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Parasites belonging to the trematode family Clinostomidae have a global distribution. Freshwater fish in Bangladesh frequently serve as hosts for different clinostomid species. During the metacercaria stage, the digenetic trematode Euclinostomum heterostomum exhibits a specific preference for Channidae species, where it undergoes encystment within the liver, kidneys, and muscles of these hosts. The study aimed to identify E. heterostomum in Channa punctata through combined morphological and molecular analysis. Light and scanning electron microscopy were conducted to investigate the morphological characteristics of the species. The histological examination of the infected liver tissue revealed the presence of encysted flukes, inflammatory leukocyte infiltrates, and degeneration and loosening of hepatic tissue. In molecular analysis, the generated internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), 5.8S ribosomal DNA and ITS2 regions sequence (GenBank accession no: OR591452) of 830 bp showed 100% identity with Euclinostomum heterostomum identified in India (MT785786). The phylogenetic reconstruction provided substantial evidence of genetic similarities (0-1% genetic distance) among different isolates of the genus Euclinostomum, suggesting that there is a shared heritage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mashequl Bari
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Aktia Amina
- Fish Disease Laboratory, Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zubyda Mushtari Nadia
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Matiur Rahman
- Department of Medicine, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Masum
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Ahsan Habib
- Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Montes MM, García I, Paredes Del Puerto JM, Barneche JA, Ibañez Shimabukuro M, Reig Cardarella GF, Martorelli SR, Pérez Ponce de León G. Integrative analysis of new Clinostomum metacercariae (Digenea, Clinostomidae) using COI mtDNA and morphology rises the number of lineages found in South American freshwater fishes. J Helminthol 2023; 97:e85. [PMID: 37945308 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x23000706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Clinostomidae is a diverse family of digenean parasitizing fish-eating birds as adults and fishes as metacercariae. The species composition, within the genus Clinostomum has been steadily increasing in recent years. In Argentina, four named species of Clinostomum have been documented, accompanied by four metacercariae representing distinct genetic lineages whose adults have not been identified. This study focused on examining clinostomids in three fish species - Australoheros scitulus (ASI), Cichlasoma dimerus (CDIM), and Pimelodella laticeps (PLA) - at various localities in Argentina. We conducted both morphological and molecular characterizations of the Clinostomum metacercariae collected from these fish species. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using COI mtDNA were performed to determine the placement of these metacercariae within the clinostomid phylogenetic tree. Clinostomum ASC represents a distinct lineage, morphologically distinguishable from other sequenced metacercariae due to its body shape (widest anteriorly and becoming slender towards the posterior end); this lineage was found to be closely related to C. caffarae. While Clinostomum CDIM and Clinostomum PLA exhibited morphological differences, they clustered together genetically with metacercariae reported in previous studies as Clinostomum L3 and Clinostomum CVI. This outcome, coupled with a low genetic distance (0 to 3%), suggests that they are conspecific with metacercariae found in fish across Mexico, Costa Rica, and Argentina. In light of the extensive diversity of fish species in Argentine freshwater ecosystems (over 500 species), and considering the relatively constrained extent of prior investigations, the anticipation of unearthing additional Clinostomum species or lineages is plausible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Montes
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (CCT, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - I García
- Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet", CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - J A Barneche
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (CCT, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Ibañez Shimabukuro
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (CCT, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G F Reig Cardarella
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica y Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA). Universidad Bernardo O' Higgins, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - S R Martorelli
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (CCT, CONICET-UNLP), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G Pérez Ponce de León
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Mérida (ENES-Mérida), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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Davidovich N, Tedesco P, Caffara M, Luci V, Cantori A, Morick D, Fioravanti ML, Gustinelli A. Low prevalence of Contracaecum third-stage larvae parasitizing Sea of Galilee fisheries: 1-year survey after 57 years of no information. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2023; 32:e00204. [PMID: 37520837 PMCID: PMC10372363 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2023.e00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Freshwater and marine ecosystems are a suitable habitat for parasitic nematodes of the genus Contracaecum (family: Anisakidae) to complete their complex life cycle. Several fish species of the Sea of Galilee (Lake Kinneret) were reported in 1964 as second intermediate/paratenic hosts of Contracaecum spp. larvae. The lack of taxonomically relevant morphological features of these larvae hindered their proper identification. Here we report the results of a 1-year survey conducted in 2021, 57 years after the first (and only) such survey. We analyzed 352 specimens from 10 fish species (native and non-native) of the Sea of Galilee (Israel) ichthyofauna. We compared our results with those of the first parasitological survey conducted by Paperna in 1964; the overall prevalence of nematodes referable to Contracaecum larvae was 16.8% and 0.85% in 1964 and in 2021, respectively. Different from the first survey that identified Contracaecum larvae morphologically, we used both morphological and molecular tools. Two wild native cyprinids-Jordan himri (Carasobarbus canis) and Jordan barbel (Luciobarbus longiceps)-were infected (a single specimen each) with Contracaecum quadripapillatum larvae in their abdominal cavity. A single specimen of blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) was infected with two larvae of Contracaecum multipapillatum E, localized in the pericardial cavity. The findings of our study, which is part of a large project focused on Contracaecum spp. infecting both piscivorous birds and fish collected in Israel, advance our knowledge about the distribution and host range of this potentially zoonotic parasite in fishery products of the Sea of Galilee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Davidovich
- Israeli Veterinary Services, Bet Dagan 5025001, Israel
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Perla Tedesco
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Monica Caffara
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Valentina Luci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Alessia Cantori
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Danny Morick
- Morris Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
- Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maria Letizia Fioravanti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Andrea Gustinelli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
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Review of the metazoan parasites of the economically and ecologically important African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus in Africa: Current status and novel records. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2023; 119:65-222. [PMID: 36707175 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
One of the most widely distributed African freshwater fish is the African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) that is naturally distributed in 8 of the 10 ichthyofaunal regions of this continent. Clarias gariepinus is a highly valued and cheap staple to local communities and an ideal aquaculture species. Consequently, interest in the parasitic communities of C. gariepinus has increased as parasites may accidentally be ingested by humans when eating uncooked fish or can be introduced into culture systems through fish stocks supplied from local rivers which affect yield, growth, and marketability. This review provides an overview of the ∼107 metazoan parasite species known to parasitise C. gariepinus in Africa and their general life cycles, morphology, paratenic and post-cyclic infections, and the biogeography and validity of records are discussed. A brief overview is included on the application of some of these parasites in environmental studies and their link to human health.
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Choudhary K, Ray S, Shamsi S, Agrawal N. Characterization of clinostomum (digenea: clinostomidae) spp. in India. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:3083-3089. [PMID: 36070023 PMCID: PMC9556428 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Platyhelminths belonging to the family Clinostomidae (Digenea) have a worldwide distribution and are known to infect piscivorous birds through their intermediate hosts, usually fish species. In the present study, clinostome metacercariae were collected from fish hosts, including Channa punctata (Bloch 1793) (n = 25) and Trichogaster fasciata Bloch and Schneider 1801 (n = 25), from a freshwater system in India. The experimental infection of cattle egrets, Ardea (Bubulcus) ibis Linnaeus 1758, with some of the live metacercariae found in the present study was successful. Live adult parasites were obtained from the buccal cavity of the birds. Both metacercaria and adult specimens were subjected to molecular studies to obtain the sequences of 28S, ITS1, and ITS2 (nuclear rDNA) regions. The parasites were found to belong to three species, Clinostomum giganticum Agarwal 1959; C. piscidium Southwell and Prashad 1918; and Euclinostomum heterostomum (Rudolphi 1809). Phylogenetic analyses of the sequences obtained from the adults and metacercariae established a link between the metacercariae in the fish hosts and adults in the avian host, which is essential to elucidate their partial life cycle and specify morphological characteristics in the metacercarial stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Choudhary
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, U.P., India
| | - Shailendra Ray
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, U.P., India
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia.
| | - Nirupama Agrawal
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, U.P., India
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Hammoud C, Kayenbergh A, Tumusiime J, Verschuren D, Albrecht C, Huyse T, Van Bocxlaer B. Trematode infection affects shell shape and size in Bulinus tropicus. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2022; 18:300-311. [PMID: 35957748 PMCID: PMC9357703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Trematodes can increase intraspecific variation in the phenotype of their intermediate snail host. However, the extent of such phenotypic changes remains unclear. We investigated the influence of trematode infection on the shell morphology of Bulinus tropicus, a common host of medically important trematodes. We focused on a snail population from crater lake Kasenda (Uganda). We sampled a single homogeneous littoral habitat to minimize the influence of environmental variation on shell phenotype, and barcoded snails to document snail genotypic variation. Among the 257 adult snails analysed, 99 tested positive for trematode infection using rapid-diagnostic PCRs. Subsequently we used high-throughput amplicon sequencing to identify the trematode (co-)infections. For 86 out of the 99 positive samples trematode species delineation could discriminate among combinations of (co-)infection by 11 trematode species. To avoid confounding effects, we focused on four prevalent trematode species. We performed landmark-based geometric morphometrics to characterize shell phenotype and used regressions to examine whether shell size and shape were affected by trematode infection and the developmental stage of infection (as inferred from read counts). Snails infected by Petasiger sp. 5, Echinoparyphium sp. or Austrodiplostomum sp. 2 had larger shells than uninfected snails or than those infected by Plagiorchiida sp. Moreover, the shell shape of snails infected solely by Petasiger sp. 5 differed significantly from that of uninfected snails and snails infected with other trematodes, except from Austrodiplostomum sp. 2. Shape changes included a more protuberant apex, an inward-folded outer apertural lip and a more adapically positioned umbilicus. Size differences were more pronounced in snails with ‘late’ infections (>25 days) compared to earlier-stage infections. No phenotypic differences were found between snails infected by a single trematode species and those harbouring co-infections. Further work is required to assess the complex causal links between trematode infections and shell morphological alterations of snail hosts. Trematode infections are linked to Bulinus tropicus shell shape and size variations. Variations in shell phenotype are trematode species-dependant. Trematode infections were analysed using diagnostic PCRs and amplicon sequencing. Snail shell morphology was analysed using landmark-based geometric morphometrics.
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Williams M, Hernandez-Jover M, Shamsi S. Parasites of zoonotic interest in selected edible freshwater fish imported to Australia. Food Waterborne Parasitol 2022; 26:e00138. [PMID: 34977391 PMCID: PMC8686024 DOI: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2021.e00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Australia imports a significant amount of edible freshwater fish. The safety of the imported product is therefore of great importance. Previous research has shown that certain types of edible freshwater fish imported into Australia are not compliant with Australian importation guidelines and additionally are contaminated with many species of parasites, some of which may cause illness in humans if consumed. The present study, to the best of authors knowledge, is the first to publish the occurrence of zoonotic parasites in edible fish imported into Australia. Eustrongylides sp. Jägerskiöld, 1909 (P. 15.5%), family Dioctophymidae; Euclinostomum sp. Travassos, 1928 (P. 4.8%), family Clinostomidae, were recovered from imported edible and consumer ready Channidae fish and Isoparorchis sp. Southwell, 1913 (P. 11%), family Isoparorchiidae, from imported edible Bagridae fish. Euclinostomum sp. and Isoparorchis sp. were identified using morphological method. Molecular identification of Eustrongylides sp. was achieved through sequencing of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequence. Eustrongylides sp. and Isoparorchis sp. have been identified as the causative agent in cases of human infection and are a recognised zoonosis. Euclinostomum sp. is considered to have zoonotic potential and for this reason this species has been included in the importation risk assessments for freshwater fish from certain countries. This study confirmed the presence of zoonotic parasite species in edible imported fish. Whilst this fish product was frozen and parasites therefore inactivated, both fish species according to importation commodity codes, at the time this manuscript was written, are permitted entry into Australia chilled. Further study using a greater sample size is required to understand the human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Williams
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Marta Hernandez-Jover
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
| | - Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences & Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia
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Shamsi S, Barton DP, Day S, Masiga J, Zhu X, McLellan M. Characterization of Clinostomum sp. (Trematoda: Clinostomidae) infecting cormorants in south-eastern Australia. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:2793-2803. [PMID: 34331138 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 (Trematoda: Clinostomidae) is a cosmopolitan, zoonotic genus of fluke that has been poorly studied in an Australian setting. Following previous reports of reservoir fish in Australian fish ponds being heavily infected with Clinostomum metacercaria, the current study was conducted to determine the specific identity of Clinostomum sp. in inland Australia, by examining and characterizing parasites collected from a potential definitive host, cormorants. A total of 33 parasite specimens belonging to the genus Clinostomum were collected from two cormorants (little black cormorants, Phalacrocorax sulcirostris) that were collected from the Narrandera Fisheries Research Centre, New South Wales, at the same locality where metacercaria of Clinostomum sp. have been reported in fish. All specimens in our study were immature adults. Clinostomum specimens with similar morphology have been identified as C. complanatum in the past, based on their morphological characteristics. However, phylogenetic analyses based on the ITS sequence data in the present study suggest they are the same as the Clinostomum sp. previously reported from carp gudgeons (Hypseleotris spp.) from the same farm, and distinct from C. complanatum. The ITS sequences obtained from the specimens in the present study were most similar to those belonging to C. phalacrocoracis (never reported in Australia). Our specimens formed a distinct clade on the phylogenetic tree and their specific identity awaits until fully mature specimens are described in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoofeh Shamsi
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, 2678, Australia. .,Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, 2678, Australia.
| | - Diane P Barton
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, 2678, Australia
| | - Scott Day
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, 2678, Australia
| | - Juliet Masiga
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, 2678, Australia.,Kenya Veterinary Vaccine Production Institute, off Enterprise Rd, South, Kenya
| | - Xiaocheng Zhu
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, 2678, Australia.,Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, 2678, Australia.,Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew McLellan
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Management, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Narrandera Fisheries Centre, Narrandera, NSW, 2700, Australia
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Scholz T, Davidovich N, Aflalo O, Hadar S, Mazuz ML, Yasur-Landau D. Invasive Amirthalingamia macracantha (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) larvae infecting tilapia hybrids in Israel: a potential threat for aquaculture. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2021; 145:185-190. [PMID: 34263733 DOI: 10.3354/dao03611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Larvae (metacestodes) of gryporhynchid tapeworms (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) are reported for the first time from the liver of tilapia hybrids (Oreochromis aureus × O. niloticus) reared in earth ponds in northeastern Israel (along the Jordan River). This is the first record of Amirthalingamia macracantha (Joyeux & Baer, 1935), a parasite of cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae), outside Africa and outside the tropics. Larvae found in the liver of tilapias (Cichlidae) were identified to species level because they possessed 20 massive rostellar hooks of 3 types, with the 4 largest hooks measuring almost 500 µm. Molecular data confirmed species identification. The possible route of introduction to Israel of this African parasite, which is large (length up to 2 cm) and potentially pathogenic for cultivated tilapias, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Scholz
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Wiroonpan P, Chontananarth T, Purivirojkul W. Cercarial trematodes in freshwater snails from Bangkok, Thailand: prevalence, morphological and molecular studies and human parasite perspective. Parasitology 2021; 148:366-383. [PMID: 33100233 PMCID: PMC11010064 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182020002073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the prevalence, morphological characters and molecular classifications of trematode cercariae in freshwater snails randomly collected from 59 sampling localities in Bangkok from May 2018 to March 2019. We used a crushing technique to observe the cercarial stage inside each snail body and amplified the internal transcribed spacer 2 regions of cercarial DNA using polymerase chain reaction methodology. The associated phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using Bayesian inference analyses. A total of 517 of 15 621 examined snails were infected with trematode cercariae, and the infected snails were classified into 11 species of seven families with a 3.31% overall prevalence of the infection. The Bithynia siamensis siamensis snail displayed the highest prevalence of infection (16.16%), whereas the Physella acuta snail exhibited the lowest prevalence (0.08%) of infection. Eight morphological types of cercariae were observed. The highest prevalence of infection was observed in mutabile cercaria (1.86%). Based on molecular investigations, the phylogram revealed eight cercaria types assigned to at least nine digenean trematode families, of which five belong to groups of human intestinal flukes. Although, with the exception of schistosome cercaria, trematode cercariae are not known to directly damage humans, understanding the general biology of trematode cercariae (including diversity, distribution, infection rates and host range) is important and necessary for the prevention and control of parasitic transmission that impacts aquatic cultivations, livestock farming and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pichit Wiroonpan
- Animal Systematics and Ecology Speciality Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bang Khen Campus, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Thapana Chontananarth
- Applied Parasitology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Animal, Plant and Parasitic Biotechnology, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watchariya Purivirojkul
- Animal Systematics and Ecology Speciality Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bang Khen Campus, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
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Won EJ, Lee YJ, Kim MJ, Chai JY, Na BK, Sohn WM. Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Clinostomid Metacercariae from Korea and Myanmar. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2021; 58:635-645. [PMID: 33412767 PMCID: PMC7806432 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Morphological and molecular characterization of clinostomid metacercariae (CMc) was performed with the specimens collected in fish from Korea and Myanmar. Total 6 batches of clinostomid specimens by the fish species and geographical localities, 5 Korean and 1 Myanmar isolates, were analyzed with morphological (light microscopy and SEM) and molecular methods (the cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene and internal transcribed spacer 1/5.8S rRNA sequence). There were some morphological variations among CMc specimens from Korea. However, some morphometrics, i.e., the size of worm body and each organ, ratio of body length to body width, and morphology of cecal lumens, were considerably different between the specimens from Korea and Myanmar. The surface ultrastructures were somewhat different between the specimens from Korea and Myanmar. The CO1 sequences of 5 Korean specimens ranging 728–736 bp showed 99.6–100% identity with Clinostomum complanatum (GenBank no. KM923964). They also showed 99.9–100% identity with C. complanatum (FJ609420) in the ITS1 sequences ranging 692–698 bp. Meanwhile, the ITS1 sequences of Myanmar specimen showed 99.9% identity with Euclinostomum heterostomum (KY312847). Five sequences from Korean specimens clustered with the C. complanatum genes, but not clustered with Myanmar specimens. Conclusively, it was confirmed that CMc from Korea were morphologically and molecularly identical with C. complanatum and those from Myanmar were E. heterostomum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Won
- Departments of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Lee
- Departments of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Moon-Ju Kim
- Departments of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea
| | - Jong-Yil Chai
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul 07649, Korea.,Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Byoung-Kuk Na
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Woon-Mok Sohn
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Rosser TG, Woodyard ET, Mychajlonka MN, King DT, Griffin MJ, Gunn MA, López-Porras A. Ithyoclinostomum yamagutii n. sp. (Digenea: Clinostomidae) in the great blue heron Ardea herodias L. (Aves: Ardeidae) from Mississippi, USA. Syst Parasitol 2020; 97:69-82. [PMID: 31927705 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-019-09892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With only six recognised genera, the family Clinostomidae Lühe, 1901 remains a global research interest of parasitologists and ecologists. Recent efforts have focused on providing molecular data to investigate species diversity, elucidate life-cycles, and make inferences on the group's evolutionary history. Of the clinostomid genera, the monotypic Ithyoclinostomum Witenberg, 1926 has remained more enigmatic compared to the commonly encountered Clinostomum Leidy, 1856. Recent morphological and molecular evidence from metacercariae suggests a second Ithyoclinostomum species may exist in freshwater cichlids in Central America and Mexico. In a recent survey of great blue herons Ardea herodias L. from commercial catfish production farms in Mississippi, USA, two specimens of an abnormally large (> 20 mm) clinostomid were encountered in the oesophagus of a single bird. These specimens were identified as an Ithyoclinostomum sp. morphologically distinct from the only nominal species Ithyoclinostomum dimorphum (Diesing, 1850). Using morphological and molecular data these adult specimens were confirmed as conspecific with the larval metacercariae previously described from Central America and Mexico and represent the novel species, Ithyoclinostomum yamagutii n. sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G Rosser
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
| | - Ethan T Woodyard
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Meisha N Mychajlonka
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - D Tommy King
- Mississippi Field Station, National Wildlife Research Center, Wildlife Services, United States Department of Agriculture, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Matt J Griffin
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.,Thad Cochran National Warmwater Aquaculture Center, Aquatic Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Delta Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA
| | - Mackenzie A Gunn
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Forest Resources, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Adrián López-Porras
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Forest Resources, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
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Falcón-Ordaz J, Octavio-Aguilar P, Estrella-Cruz I. Morphological and morphometric variations of Dicrocoelium rileyi (Digenea: Dicrocoelidae) parasitizing Tadarida brasiliensis (Chiroptera: Molosiidae) in Mexico. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2019; 91:e20180436. [PMID: 31778450 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920180436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fifty-five adult Dicrocoelium rileyi Macy, 1931 parasitizing Tadarida brasiliensis (Geoffroy, 1824) from Durango, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Zacatecas and Mexico State were morphologically described and morphometrically analyzed. To evaluate the degree of variation among populations from the five localities, 27 morphometric measures of this species were transformed into an orthogonal factor by principal component analysis (PCA), and a posterior comparison among populations was performed using discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). Significant differences were observed with exceptions between the Puebla - Zacatecas and Nuevo Leon - Mexico State populations when forming three groups with an 88 % assignation. The Durango population was the most dissimilar population. These results show that the morphological traits of D. rileyi are variable among the populations in this study due to local intraspecific variation; however, some of the specimens present in the distinct localities may represent different species. Molecular analysis is necessary to accurately define whether the populations involved in our study constitute one or several species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Falcón-Ordaz
- Laboratorio de Morfología Animal, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Carretera Pachuca Tulancingo, s/n, Km 4.5, 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | - Pablo Octavio-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Morfología Animal, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Carretera Pachuca Tulancingo, s/n, Km 4.5, 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México.,Laboratorio de Genética, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Carretera Pachuca Tulancingo, s/n, Km 4.5, 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
| | - Isabel Estrella-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Morfología Animal, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Carretera Pachuca Tulancingo, s/n, Km 4.5, 42184 Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, México
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Woodyard ET, Stilwell JM, Camus AC, Rosser TG. Molecular and Histopathological Data on Levisunguis subaequalis Curran, Overstreet, Collins & Benz, 2014 (Pentastomida: Eupentastomida: Porocephalida: Porocephaloidea: Sebekidae: Sebekinae) from Gambusia affinis in Alabama, USA. J Parasitol 2019. [PMID: 31742484 DOI: 10.1645/19-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Levisunguis subaequalis Curran, Overstreet, Collins & Benz, 2014 , was recently described from the lungs of the definitive hosts, softshell turtles, Apalone ferox (Schneider, 1783), and Apalone spinifera aspera (Agassiz, 1857) as well as the viscera of an intermediate host, the western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853). However, the original account lacked molecular data. Furthermore, histological examination of infected host tissues in the original account of L. subaequalis did not reveal any pathological changes in the intermediate host. The present work provides a robust morphological description of the nymph and novel molecular data from the 18S and 28S ribosomal gene regions and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) mitochondrial gene. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analysis with concatenated sequence data from these 3 regions, as well as each region individually, placed the turtle pentastomid L. subaequalis as a sister clade to the crocodilian pentastomids of the genus Sebekia Sambon, 1922. While only concatenated phylogenetic analyses agreed with the currently accepted classification of the Eupentastomida and phylogenetic signal assessment indicated that the concatenated data set yielded the most phylogenetic signal, data from more taxa are still needed for robust phylogenetic inferences to be made. The intensity of infection ranged from 2 to 171 nymphs per fish, compared with the highest previously reported intensity of 6. These high-intensity infections with L. subaequalis were characterized by the nymphs occupying 5-50% of the coelomic cavity of G. affinis. However, despite this heavy parasite infection, fish exhibited minimal pathology. Observed pathology was characterized by compression or effacement of organs adjacent to the nymphs, particularly liver, swim bladder, and intestines, as well as the formation of granulomas around shed pentastomid cuticles. Nonetheless, the morphological and molecular data provided in the present work will bolster future efforts to identify this pentastomid in other hosts where pathology may be present in addition to aiding in the advancement of the field of molecular pentastomid systematics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan T Woodyard
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762
| | - Justin M Stilwell
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Alvin C Camus
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Thomas G Rosser
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762
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Locke SA, Caffara M, Barčák D, Sonko P, Tedesco P, Fioravanti ML, Li W. A new species of Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 in East Asia based on genomic and morphological data. Parasitol Res 2019; 118:3253-3265. [PMID: 31729573 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metacercariae of Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 are frequently encountered in freshwater fish. In 2015, a provisional species of Clinostomum in People's Republic of China (PRC) was distinguished from C. complanatum (Rudolphi, 1819) in Europe based on divergent cytochrome c oxidase I (CO1). However, in subsequent studies in East Asia, the same divergent CO1 genotype was identified as C. complanatum. These matching sequences suggest that either the provisional East Asian species was incorrectly distinguished from C. complanatum in 2015 or that C. complanatum in East Asia was misidentified in later studies. We tested these alternatives by sequencing the mitochondrial genome of C. complanatum in Italy, which was 5.7% divergent from a previously published sequence from Clinostomum in PRC, including differences in 80 of 3390 (2.4%) translated amino acids. Partial CO1 sequences of specimens from PRC and those from Italy, Romania, and Turkey also each formed reciprocally monophyletic clades. Partial CO1 from the East Asian clade varied by mean 3.6% (range 2.4-4.8%) from C. complanatum from Italy, Romania, and Turkey; mean intra-clade CO1 variation was 0.3% (range 0-1.9%). Metacercariae from Europe and East Asia display significant morphometric variation, and data from the literature suggest morphological differences in the genital complex of adults. Although sequences of nuclear rDNA did not differ between isolates from the west and East Asia, taken together, these results lead us to describe a new species of Clinostomum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Locke
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Box 9000, Mayagüez, 00681-9000, Puerto Rico.
| | - Monica Caffara
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Daniel Barčák
- Institute of Parasitology, SAS, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Pasaikou Sonko
- Department of International PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Molecular Parasitology and Tropical Diseases, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Perla Tedesco
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Maria L Fioravanti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Wenxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, and State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
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Illa K, Shameem U, Serra V, Melai M, Mangam S, Basuri CK, Petroni G, Modeo L. Multidisciplinary investigation on the catfish parasite Hamatopeduncularia Yamaguti, 1953 (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae): description of two new species from India, and phylogenetic considerations. EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2019.1597931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Illa
- Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - U. Shameem
- Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - V. Serra
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M. Melai
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S. Mangam
- Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - C. K. Basuri
- National Centre for Coastal Research, NIOT Campus, Ministry of Earth Science, Chennai, India
| | - G. Petroni
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L. Modeo
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Molecular data show Clinostomoides Dollfus, 1950 is a junior synonym of Clinostomum Leidy, 1856, with redescription of metacercariae of Clinostomum brieni n. comb. Parasitology 2019; 146:805-813. [PMID: 30638172 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182018002172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The genus Clinostomoides Dollfus, 1950 was erected to accommodate a single worm from Ardea goliath sampled in the Belgian Congo. The specimen was distinguished from other clinostomids by its large size and posterior genitalia. In the following years, metacercariae of Clinostomoides brieni, have been described in Clarias spp. in southern and western Africa. A few authors have referred to Clinostomum brieni, but all such usages appear to be lapsus calami, and the validity of Clinostomoides remains widely accepted. In this study our aim was: position C. brieni among the growing clinostomids molecular database, and redescribe the species with emphasis on characters that have emerged as important in recent work. We sequenced two nuclear (partial 18S and ITS) and one mitochondrial marker (partial cytochrome c oxidase I) and studied morphology in metacercariae from hosts and localities likely to harbour the type species (Clarias spp., Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa). Phylogenetic analysis shows C. brieni belongs within Clinostomum Leidy, 1856. We therefore transfer C. brieni to Clinostomum, amend the diagnosis for the genus Clinostomum and provide a critical analysis of other species in Clinostomoides, all of which we consider species inquirendae, as they rest on comparisons of different developmental stages.
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Morphological and molecular characterization of an enigmatic clinostomid trematode (Digenea: Clinostomidae) parasitic as metacercariae in the body cavity of freshwater fishes (Cichlidae) across Middle America. J Helminthol 2018; 93:461-474. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x18000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe family Clinostomidae Lühe, 1901 contains 29 species allocated to seven genera, of whichClinostomumLeidy, 1856 is the most diverse, withc.14 valid species. The diversity ofClinostomumhas been assessed, combining morphological and molecular data. The genetic library for species in this genus has increased steadily, although there is little or no information for the other genera included in the family. Molecular phylogenetic relationships among the genera of clinostomids have not been assessed, and their classification is still based on morphological traits. The monotypicIthyoclinostomumwas described from a fish-eating bird in Brazil, and its metacercariae have been found in several locations in South America, parasitizing erythrinid freshwater fishes. We collected unusually large metacercariae from the body cavity of cichlids in several locations across Middle America. These metacercariae exhibited some resemblance toIthyoclinostomum, although several differences prevent their inclusion inIthyoclinostomum dimorphum, casting doubt on their taxonomic identification. The main objective of this paper was to characterize the metacercariae collected in cichlids using both morphology and molecular data from three molecular markers, and to assess the molecular phylogenetic relationships among the genera of Clinostomidae to establish the position of the newly generated sequences. We took a conservative position and tentatively placed the metacercariae as belonging toIthyoclinostomum.
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Briosio-Aguilar R, Pinto HA, Rodríguez-Santiago MA, López-García K, García-Varela M, de León GPP. Link Between the Adult and the Metacercaria of Clinostomum heluans Braun, 1899 (Trematoda: Clinostomidae) Through DNA Sequences, and its Phylogenetic Position Within the Genus Clinostomum Leidy, 1856. J Parasitol 2018; 104:292-296. [PMID: 29451846 DOI: 10.1645/17-183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The phylogenetic position of Clinostomum heluans Braun, 1899 within the genus Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 is reported in this study based on sequences of the barcoding region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene ( COX1). Additionally, molecular data are used to link the adult and the metacercariae of the species. The metacercariae of C. heluans were found encysted infecting the cichlid fish Australoheros sp. in Minas Gerais, Brazil, whereas the adults were obtained from the mouth cavity of the Great White Egret, Ardea alba, in Campeche, Mexico. The COX1 sequences obtained for the Mexican clinostomes and the Brazilian metacercaria were almost identical (0.2% molecular divergence), indicating conspecificity. Similar molecular divergence (0.2-0.4%) was found between sequences of C. heluans reported here and Clinostomum sp. 6 previously obtained from a metacercaria recovered from the cichlid Cichlasoma boliviense in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses unequivocally showed the conspecificity between C. heluans and Clinostomum sp. 6, which form a monophyletic clade with high nodal support and very low genetic divergence. Moreover, tree topology reveals that C. heluans occupies a basal position with respect to New World species of Clinostomum, although a denser taxon sampling of species within the genus is further required. The metacercaria of C. heluans seems to be specific to cichlid fish because both samples from South America were recovered from species of this fish family, although not closely related.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Briosio-Aguilar
- 1 Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas (PCB), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico.,2 Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-153, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - H A Pinto
- 3 Laboratório de Biologia de Trematoda, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, 30123-970, Brazil
| | - M A Rodríguez-Santiago
- 4 Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma del Carmen, Av. Laguna de Términos s/n, Col. Renovación 2da Sección, C.P. 24155, Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico
| | - K López-García
- 5 Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Centro de Investigación de Ciencias Ambientales (CICA), Universidad Autónoma del Carmen (UNACAR), Av. Laguna de Términos s/n, Col. Renovación 2da Sección, C.P. 24155, Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, Mexico
| | - M García-Varela
- 2 Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-153, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - G Pérez-Ponce de León
- 2 Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-153, C.P. 04510, México D.F., Mexico
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Woodyard ET, Rosser TG, Rush SA. Alligator wrestling: morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic data on Odhneriotrema incommodum (Leidy, 1856) (Digenea: Clinostomidae) from Alligator mississippiensis Daudin, 1801 in Mississippi, USA. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:2981-2993. [PMID: 28894925 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Based on specimens collected from harvested American alligator Alligator mississippiensis Daudin, 1801 in Mississippi, USA, novel molecular data for both nuclear ribosomal genes (18S, ITS1-5.8S, ITS2, and 28S) and mitochondrial genes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1) are provided for Odhneriotrema incommodum (Leidy, 1856), a trematode of the family Clinostomidae Lühe, 1901 infecting A. mississippiensis and the Florida spotted gar Lepisosteus platyrhincus DeKay, 1842. This represents the first sequencing data available for the genus Odhneriotrema and the subfamily Nephrocephalinae Travassos, 1928. Additionally, the results of phylogenetic analyses, additional morphometric data, a photomicrograph, and a line drawing supporting the present identification of O. incommodum are provided. These data will aid in elucidating the life cycle of O. incommodum through molecular identification of larval stages as well as understanding the evolutionary history of Clinostomidae and its subfamilies. Implications for the currently accepted organization of the Clinostomidae are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan T Woodyard
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA.
| | - Thomas Graham Rosser
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Scott A Rush
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture, College of Forest Resources, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, 39762, USA
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A morphological and molecular study of Clinostomid metacercariae from African fish with a redescription of Clinostomum tilapiae. Parasitology 2017; 144:1519-1529. [PMID: 28653593 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017001068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The genus Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 (Digenea: Clinostomidae) has been reported in all ecozones of the world and a clear separation between the species of the 'Old World' and 'New World' has been recognized based on molecular studies. Recent works on Afrotropical species include redescriptions of C. cutaneum and C. phalacrocoracis, while C. tilapiae has yet to be studied using modern taxonomic approaches. In the present research, morphological redescription of C. tilapiae metacercariae from a new host, Synodontis batensoda sampled at Anambra River Basin, Nigeria, together with molecular analysis of nuclear internal transcribed spacer rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase 1 mtDNA are reported. We also provide morphological and molecular data from four further putative species of Clinostomum (morphotypes 1-4) from different areas of Africa, as well as the first report of C. phalacrocoracis in South Africa.
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Blasco-Costa I, Locke SA. Life History, Systematics and Evolution of the Diplostomoidea Poirier, 1886: Progress, Promises and Challenges Emerging From Molecular Studies. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2017; 98:167-225. [PMID: 28942769 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Members of the Diplostomoidea mature in amniotes and employ vertebrates, annelids and molluscs as second intermediate hosts. Diplostomoid life cycles generally follow a three-host pattern typical of digeneans, but novelties have arisen in some species, including obligate four-host life cycles, vertical transmission, and intracellular parasitism. In this review, we summarize the basic biology of diplostomoids with reference to molecular studies, and present challenges, gaps and areas where molecular data could address long-standing questions. Our analysis of published studies revealed that most molecular surveys find more diplostomoid species than expected, but this tendency is influenced by how much effort goes into examining specimens morphologically and the number of sequenced worms. To date, molecular work has concentrated disproportionately on intraspecific or species-level diversity of larval stages in the Diplostomidae in temperate northern regions. Although the higher taxonomy of the superfamily is recognized to be in need of revision, little molecular work has been conducted at this level. Our phylogenetic analysis indicates several families and subfamilies require reconsideration, and that larval morphotypes are more reflective of evolutionary relationships than definitive hosts. The host associations of adult diplostomoids result from host-switching processes, whereas molecular surveys indicate that larval diplostomoid metacercariae have narrow ranges of second intermediate hosts, consistent with coevolution. Molecular data are often used to link diplostomoid developmental stages, and we provide data from adult Neodiplostomum and Mesoophorodiplostomum that correct earlier misidentifications of their larval stages and propose alternatives to collecting definitive hosts.
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