[Accumulation of sulfur and phosphorus in the eye's drainage system in primary open-angle glaucoma]

A case of prolonged corneal sulfur foreign bodies and review of literature

BACKGROUND

This case mainly describes a relatively rare case of an old mineral-like corneal foreign body that existed for up to 20 years, and did not significantly affect the visual quality of the patient.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 56-year-old male miner complained of right eye vision loss for 3 years, swollen and painful for 4 months. Admission examination: Best corrected visual acuity was no light perception in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Anterior segment examination: A large number of spot-like grayish-brown mineral foreign bodies in the conjunctiva of the nasal conjunctiva, emulsified silicone oil floating in the anterior chamber, Corneal foreign bodies in the right eye were widely distributed in the upper cortex and the proelastic layer. There were fewer foreign bodies in the left cornea. Previous medical history, 20 years ago due to forging and burning sulphur mine explosion, resulting in a large number of ore foreign bodies in the conjunctiva of both eyes. As these corneal foreign bodies did not affect the visual quality of the patient, we adopted a conservative treatment plan, did not remove these foreign bodies, and only carried out symptomatic treatment for the patient's secondary ocular hypertension. The patient was followed up normally in the outpatient department, and no cornea-related complications occurred up to now.

CONCLUSIONS

First of all, it is necessary to understand the source and nature of the foreign body in patients with corneal and conjunctival foreign body injuries. In the second, for the old corneal metal foreign body, when the patient's visual acuity is stable and there are no symptoms of corneal irritation and inflammatory reaction, it can be Conservative treatment or outpatient follow-up observation. In the end, corneal Optical coherence tomography imaging should not be ignored, which is very important for determining the depth of embedding and the location of the corneal foreign body.

[Features of accumulation of chemical elements in the volume of the lens in senile cataract]

PURPOSE

This study provides a detailed analysis of the bioinorganic chemical composition of lens substance in patients with senile cataract using classical and spatial statistics methods.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study included 30 isolated human lenses. The light scattering ability (LSA) of the lens substance was evaluated using an original method. Additionally, distribution of chemical elements in the lens substance was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM/EDS). Measurements by all methods were carried out in a single coordinate space, which made it possible to compare the spatial correlation of different parameters.

RESULTS

Small-angle light scattering of the lens substance has been quantitatively characterized for the first time. In contrast to the conventional norm, in senile cataract the accumulation fields of the majority of ion-forming elements (including Na, P, K, Cl) are distributed along the lines repeating the geometry of the lens capsule. At the same time, the light scattering ability of certain areas of the lens is significantly correlated with changes in the concentrations of Na, P, K, Ca in these areas. In particular, one ion-forming element can be distinguished - Na: spatial change of its concentration in senile cataract is strongly associated with a local change in LSA of the lens with opacities clustering of any degree. Thus, a change in the nature of the Na accumulation in the lens volume can be considered the main marker of senile cataract formation.

CONCLUSION

The distribution pattern of ion-forming elements indicates that the loss of barrier properties in the capsule plays a significant role in the development of senile cataract.

[The role of vitreous body in pathogenesis of glaucoma]

This literature review provides modern information on the unique structure of the vitreous body, its functions, and its role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, describes the features of the vitreous morphology and metabolism, notes its biomechanical and trophic functions, outlines its role in healthy hydrodynamics and hemodynamics of the eye, as well as in aqueous humor outflow. The review presents clinical observations on the association of pathological changes in the vitreous body with glaucoma development and examines the role of involutional changes in the vitreous in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. The article also discusses possible pathogenetic mechanisms of glaucoma development in terms of pathological changes in the vitreous.