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Airapetov M, Eresko S, Ignatova P, Lebedev A, Bychkov E, Shabanov P. Effect of rifampicin on TLR4-signaling pathways in the nucleus accumbens of the rat brain during abstinence of long-term alcohol treatment. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agae016. [PMID: 38520481 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The treatment with the antibiotic rifampicin (Rif) led to a decrease in the frequency of neurodegenerative pathologies. There are suggestions that the mechanism of action of Rif may be mediated by its effect on toll-like receptor (TLR)4-dependent pathways. We evaluated the expression status of TLR4-dependent genes during abstinence from long-term alcohol treatments in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the rat brain, and also studied the effects of Rif to correct these changes. METHODS The long-term alcohol treatment was performed by intragastric delivery of ethanol solution. At the end of alcohol treatment intraperitoneal injections of Rif (100 mg/kg) or saline were made. Extraction of the brain structures was performed on the 10th day of abstinence from alcohol. We used the SYBR Green qPCR method to quantitatively analyze the relative expression levels of the studied genes. RESULTS The long-term alcohol treatment promotes an increase in the level of TLR4 mRNA and mRNA of its endogenous ligand high-mobility group protein B1 during abstinence drop alcohol in NAc of rats. The use of Rif in our study led to a decrease in the increased expression of high-mobility group protein B1, Tlr4, and proinflammatory cytokine genes (Il1β, Il6) in the NAc of the rat brain during abstinence of long-term alcohol treatment. In addition, Rif administration increased the decreased mRNA levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (Il10, Il11). CONCLUSION The data obtained indicate the ability of Rif to correct the mechanisms of the TLR4 system genes in the NAc of the rat brain during alcohol abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Airapetov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, P.O. Box 197376, 12 Academician Pavlova str., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Military Medical Academy of S.M. Kirov, P.O. Box 194044, 6G Akademika Lebedeva str., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei Eresko
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, P.O. Box 197376, 12 Academician Pavlova str., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Center for Chemical Engineering, Saint-Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, P.O. Box 197101, 49 Kronverksky pr., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Ignatova
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, P.O. Box 197376, 12 Academician Pavlova str., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei Lebedev
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, P.O. Box 197376, 12 Academician Pavlova str., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenii Bychkov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, P.O. Box 197376, 12 Academician Pavlova str., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Petr Shabanov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, P.O. Box 197376, 12 Academician Pavlova str., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Military Medical Academy of S.M. Kirov, P.O. Box 194044, 6G Akademika Lebedeva str., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Airapetov MI, Eresko SO, Ignatova PD, Skabelkin DA, Mikhailova AA, Ganshina DA, Lebedev AA, Bychkov ER, Shabanov PD. The effect of rifampicin on expression of the toll-like receptor system genes in the forebrain cortex of rats prenatally exposed to alcohol. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:228-234. [PMID: 37705483 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236904228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol causes long-term changes in the toll-like receptor (TLR) system, promoting activation of neuroinflammation pathways. Alcohol use during pregnancy causes neuroinflammatory processes in the fetus; this can lead to the development of symptoms of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Our study has shown that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) induced long-term changes in the TLR system genes (Tlr3, Tlr4, Ticam, Hmgb1, cytokine genes) in the forebrain cortex of rat pups. Administration of rifampicin (Rif), which can reduce the level of pro-inflammatory mediators in various pathological conditions of the nervous system, normalized the altered expression level of the studied TLR system genes. This suggests that Rif can prevent the development of persistent neuroinflammatory events in the forebrain cortex of rat pups caused by dysregulation in the TLR system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Airapetov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia; Military Medical Academy of S.M. Kirov, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S O Eresko
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - P D Ignatova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D A Skabelkin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Mikhailova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D A Ganshina
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Lebedev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E R Bychkov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - P D Shabanov
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Randall CA, Sun D, Randall PA. Differential Effects of Nicotine, Alcohol, and Coexposure on Neuroimmune-Related Protein and Gene Expression in Corticolimbic Brain Regions of Rats. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:628-644. [PMID: 36705334 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotine and alcohol co-use is extremely common and their use constitutes two of the most common causes of preventable death, yet the underlying biological mechanisms are largely understudied. Activation of neuroimmune toll-like receptors (TLRs) promotes the induction of proinflammatory cascades and increases alcohol intake in rodents, which further promotes TLRs in the brain; nicotine may decrease central proinflammatory signaling. The current studies sought to determine the effects of nicotine ± alcohol (alone or in combination) on circulating blood plasma and TLR protein/gene expression in addiction-associated corticolimbic brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex-prelimbic (mPFC-PL) and nucleus accumbens core (AcbC). Adult rats were treated with alcohol (0 or 2 g/kg, IG) and exposed to nicotine vapor (0 or 30 mg/mL solution) daily for 2, 14, or 28 days. Plasma studies indicated no effects of independent exposure or coexposure in males. Coexposure decreased plasma nicotine levels versus nicotine-only treated females, yet alcohol and cotinine concentrations were unchanged. By 28 days, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-13 was decreased in alcohol-only females. Divergent changes in TLR3 (but not TLR4) protein occurred for independent-drug exposed males (but not coexposure), with reductions in the mPFC-PL after 14 days and increases in the AcbC by 28 days. Gene expression following chronic coexposure suggests nicotine may regionally counteract alcohol-induced inflammation, including increased AcbC-TLR3/4/7 and several downstream markers in females and increased mPFC-PL-TLR3 and -STAT3 (but not IRF3) evident in males with exposure to either drug alone. These findings give further insight into the role of sex and the neuroimmune system in independent exposure and coexposure to nicotine ± alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie A Randall
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Dongxiao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 United States
| | - Patrick A Randall
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 United States
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Airapetov MI, Eresko SO, Kochkin DV, Nosov AM, Bychkov ER, Lebedev AA, Shabanov PD. [Ginsenosides affect the system of Toll-like receptors in the brain of rats under conditions of long-term alcohol withdrawal]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2022; 68:459-469. [PMID: 36573411 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226806459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Long-term alcohol consumption causes the development of neuroinflammation in various brain structures. One of the mechanisms involved in this process is the increased activity of TLR-signaling intracellular pathways. Studies confirm the ability of ginseng extract or its individual ginsenosides to reduce the increased activity of TLR-signaling pathways. The aim of our study was to study the effect of the amount of ginsenosides obtained from the extract of the Panax japonicus cell line on the state of the TLR-signaling system in the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus of the rat brain in a model of long-term alcohol consumption during alcohol withdrawal. The results of the study showed that ginsenosides were able to make changes in the TLR signaling system, which has been altered by long-term alcohol consumption. A significant effect of ginsenosides on the level of TLR3 and TLR4 mRNA in the nucleus accumbens was found, while in the hippocampus, ginsenosides significantly affected the level of TLR7 mRNA. The effect of ginsenosides on the level of mRNA of transcription factors and cytokines involved in TLR-signaling was evaluated. Thus, results of our study confirm that ginsenosides are able to influence the state of TLR-signaling pathways, but this effect is multidirectional in relation to different brain structures. In the future, it seems interesting to evaluate the role of individual ginsenosides in relation to genes of TLR-signaling, as well as the effect of ginsenosides on other brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Airapetov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - S O Eresko
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia; Research and Training Center of Molecular and Cellular Technologies, St. Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D V Kochkin
- Department of Plant Physiology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Nosov
- Department of Plant Physiology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E R Bychkov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Lebedev
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - P D Shabanov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Pharmacology, Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Airapetov MI, Eresko SO, Skabelkin DA, Iskalieva AR, Lebedev AA, Bychkov ER, Shabanov PD. [The effect of rifampicin on the system of Toll-like receptors in the nucleus accumbens of the brain of long-term alcoholized rats during alcohol withdrawal]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2022; 68:279-287. [PMID: 36005846 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226804279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nucleus accumbens (NAc) is the ventral part of the striatum of the brain; it is an important part of the mesolimbic pathway involved in the reward system that mediates the formation of various forms of addiction, in particular alcohol addiction. Neuroimaging data and in vitro studies indicate the development of a pronounced neurodegenerative process in the NAc, with long-term alcohol use, but the key mechanisms mediating this process remain unknown. In recent years, the attention of researchers has been focused on studying the system of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), the increased activity of which is clearly shown in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus during prolonged alcohol exposure, but there is a need to study the role of this system in other brain structures. In this study, we have shown that prolonged alcohol exposure (2 months) with moderate doses of ethanol (2 g/kg) promotes a pronounced increase in the expression of the Tlr4 gene and its endogenous ligand Hmgb1 in NAc during the period of alcohol withdrawal in rats. Injections of rifampicin (100 mg/kg) reduced the elevated expression level of Hmgb1, Tlr4, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL1β, IL6), while the administration of the drug increased the reduced level of mRNA of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL10, IL11).
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Airapetov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Pharmacology, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University
| | - S O Eresko
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia; Research and Training Center of Molecular and Cellular Technologies, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D A Skabelkin
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A R Iskalieva
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Lebedev
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E R Bychkov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - P D Shabanov
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Pharmacology, Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia
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