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Joshi SR, Anstey KM, Khan DA. Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: An Update on the Evaluation and Management. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2024; 44:503-515. [PMID: 38937012 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) affects 0.5% to 1% of the general population and is often managed by allergy and immunology specialists. Guidelines have evolved over the past several decades with an emphasis on decreasing extensive screening laboratory testing as they are of low-yield and cost-ineffective. The utility of biomarkers remains under investigation but total immunoglobulin E may be helpful in determining specific endotypes and response to omalizumab. Antihistamines and omalizumab remain the primary therapeutic options for CSU, but an expanding body of evidence supports the use of immunosuppressants and anti-inflammatory medications in refractory cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam R Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, PPV320, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Karen M Anstey
- Department of Medicine, Section of Allergy and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, PPV320, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - David A Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5939 Harry Hines Boulevard, HQ9.935, Dallas, TX 75390-8503, USA.
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2
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Sánchez J, Caraballo D, Amaya D. Evaluation of Guideline Line-Care Approach to the Treatment of Chronic Inducible Urticaria. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:2166-2172. [PMID: 38761861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) management often follows chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) guidelines, but a step-by-step evaluation of their effectiveness in CIndU is lacking. OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical impact of adapting CSU international guidelines for CIndU management. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study involving patients diagnosed with CIndU based on challenge tests and a Urticaria Control Test (UCT) score of ≤11 points. Following the guidelines, a stepwise approach was used: avoidance measures, antihistamines, omalizumab, and cyclosporine. Treatment steps were added based on individual response, with control defined as UCT ≥12 points. Pharmacological steps were evaluated for at least 1 month, with the next step initiated in case of a UCT score ≤11 points. RESULTS We enrolled 194 patients with CIndU. Of them, 134 patients had CIndU with concomitant CSU and 60 had CIndU only. Following the step-by-step approach outlined in the guidelines, a total of 159 (81.9%) patients reach a UCT ≥12 points, with avoidance measures 23 (11.8%) patients, antihistamines 84 (43.2%), omalizumab 35 (18%), and cyclosporine 17 (8.7%). CONCLUSIONS This study supports the use of a stepwise approach based on CSU guidelines for CIndU management. However, a significant proportion of patients, particularly those with CIndU only, did not achieve adequate control. This highlights the heterogeneity within CIndU and the need for further research to develop new therapies for patients with CIndU who remain uncontrolled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Sánchez
- Group of Experimental and Clinical Allergy, Hospital "Alma Mater de Antioquia," University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Domingo Caraballo
- Group of Experimental and Clinical Allergy, Hospital "Alma Mater de Antioquia," University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Daniel Amaya
- Group of Experimental and Clinical Allergy, Hospital "Alma Mater de Antioquia," University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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Zarnowski J, Treudler R. [Which augmentation and trigger factors are relevant in urticaria?]. DERMATOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 75:295-302. [PMID: 38347239 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-024-05306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to present relevant trigger as well as augmentation factors that can induce or exacerbate urticaria on the basis of a current, PubMed-based literature search. In addition to a brief description of relevant influencing factors in acute and chronic inducible urticaria, the focus will be on chronic spontaneous urticaria. In particular, the aggravating role of medication, stress, food, psychological and metabolic comorbidities, infections and inflammation as well as hormonal processes will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zarnowski
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig A.ö.R., Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 69, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - Regina Treudler
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig A.ö.R., Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 69, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
- Institut für Allergieforschung, Charité Universitätsklinikum Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Deutschland
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Miniello A, Casella R, Loverre T, Aloia D, Di Bona D, Nettis E. An Update on Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Induced Urticaria. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:885-895. [PMID: 37691219 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230907112453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypersensitivity reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (HR-NSAIDs) are common adverse events related to the widespread use of over-the-counter NSAIDs for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory conditions. Urticaria is the most commonly reported immediate cutaneous clinical sign of HR-NSAIDs, but it can be a manifestation of pathophysiologically different clinical entities that require different therapeutic strategies. The aim of this study is to ease the identification of the correct phenotype of HR-NSAIDs in patients reporting urticaria associated with the intake of NSAIDs and provide updated information about their diagnosis and management. METHODS The study is a narrative review conducted by collecting the most relevant and up-todate data related to the classification, pathophysiology, severity, and prognosis of NSAID hypersensitivity reactions. PubMed and Embase scientific databases were used as search engines to select relevant articles. RESULTS Patients developing HR-NSAIDs can be divided into two categories: selective responders (SR), who develop reactions after the administration of a single specific NSAID due to an underlying IgE or T-cell mediated hypersensitivity mechanism, or cross-intolerant (CI), who develop reactions to more than one chemically unrelated NSAIDs due to abnormalities in the biochemical pathways related with prostaglandin metabolism, independently from an underlying immunological mechanism. Five major different categories of HR-NSAIDs have been identified: NSAIDs-exacerbated cutaneous disease (NECD), NSAIDs-induced urticaria/angioedema with/without respiratory and systemic symptoms of anaphylaxis (NIUAA), and NSAIDsexacerbated respiratory disease (NERD), which are developed by CI patients, and single NSAIDs-induced urticaria, angioedema and/ or anaphylaxis (SNIUAA) and single NSAIDsinduced delayed hypersensitivity reactions (SNIDHR), which are developed by CI patients. In vivo and in vitro diagnostic tests have rarely been shown to be reliable in all these entities and therefore are not routinely used in clinical practice. The management in SR patients consists of strict avoidance of the culprit drug, while for cross-intolerance reactions oral tolerance tests with safe alternative drugs (e.g. weak COX-1 inhibitors or selective COX-2 inhibitors) can be performed. CONCLUSION HR-NSAIDs are being observed with increasing frequency, however, the pathogenesis behind some NSAIDS-associated clinical entities is still unclear. Diagnosis is mostly based on a thorough clinical history and confirmed by a drug challenge test. Clinical management is based on strict avoidance and use of alternative tolerated medications. Overall, all therapeutic decisions depend on the correct identification of the type of reaction the patient experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Miniello
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossella Casella
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Loverre
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Dario Aloia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Danilo Di Bona
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Eustachio Nettis
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
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Edgerley S, Kim H. A case of possible anaphylaxis to ASA and structurally unrelated NSAIDs. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 19:81. [PMID: 37684617 PMCID: PMC10492403 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-023-00830-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly used classes of medications, and are among the leading causes of drug hypersensitivity. NSAIDs hypersensitivity reactions are classified by symptom involvement and NSAIDs subclass cross-reactivity. Reactions varying from cutaneous involvement to respiratory symptoms can be triggered by multiple NSAIDs subclasses. Anaphylaxis, while rare, can be induced by a single NSAID, with tolerability of other structurally unrelated subclasses. Reactions that fall outside of these traditional categories are deemed "blended reactions". We report a unique case of possible anaphylaxis to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and ibuprofen, two structurally dissimilar NSAIDs, indicating a severe blended reaction outside of the typical NSAIDs hypersensitivity reaction categories. CASE PRESENTATION An otherwise healthy 45 year old woman was referred to the Allergy and Immunology clinic after developing acute onset dyspnea, lip swelling, and generalized urticaria with ibuprofen use requiring treatment with intramuscular epinephrine in the emergency department. She previously tolerated ibuprofen, naproxen, and acetaminophen and had no history of urticaria, angioedema, asthma, or nasal polyps. She underwent an oral challenge to ASA whereby she developed urticaria and throat irritation with rebound symptoms requiring 2 doses of intramuscular epinephrine. On subsequent visits she passed treatment dose acetaminophen and celecoxib challenges. She was counseled to avoid all other NSAIDs and ASA desensitization was offered should this medication be clinically indicated in the future. CONCLUSIONS NSAIDs hypersensitivity reactions can be triggered by individual NSAIDs with tolerance of other subclasses or by multiple structurally unrelated NSAIDs due to COX-1 inhibition. Determining the type of reaction (NERD, NECD, NIUA, SNIUAA, or SNIDHR) allows for appropriate oral challenges and safe alternative therapy recommendations. However, not all clinical reactions fit perfectly into these categories. Patients may also develop blended reactions. Our case highlights a severe blended reaction to multiple unrelated NSAIDs, including likely anaphylaxis to ASA. We note the utility of drug provocation tests (DPTs) to identify safe alternative medication options, as well as the importance of performing DPTs in settings properly equipped to assess and manage severe hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Edgerley
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Harold Kim
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Minaldi E, Cahill K. Recent Updates in Understanding NSAID Hypersensitivity. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:181-188. [PMID: 36757490 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To provide a review of available literature regarding nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity with an emphasis on more recent findings. RECENT FINDINGS Oral provocation tests with aspirin are important for diagnosis and management in adult and pediatric populations with reported NSAID hypersensitivity. Risk of cross-reactivity to COX-2 inhibitors varies by NSAID hypersensitivity phenotype. COX-2 inhibitors are tolerated in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Reported NSAID allergy is associated with a higher risk of a substance use disorder. Effective treatment of underlying chronic spontaneous urticaria can allow tolerance of NSAIDs in NSAID-exacerbated cutaneous disease. The pathophysiology, cross-reactivity, and appropriate diagnostic evaluation differ between the 5 distinct NSAID hypersensitivity phenotypes. Further research into the pathophysiology of NSAID hypersensitivity in patients with and without underlying disease is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Minaldi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Katherine Cahill
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Suite 450, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
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Thomsen SF, Pritzier EC, Anderson CD, Juvik S, Baust NV, Dodge R, Dahlborn AK, Vestergaard C. Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes of Chronic Urticaria: Two-year Follow-up Results from the Scandinavian AWARE Study. Acta Derm Venereol 2022; 102:adv00689. [PMID: 35166853 PMCID: PMC9558753 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v102.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The AWARE (A World-wide Antihistamine-Refractory chronic urticaria patient Evaluation) study investigated outcomes in patients with chronic urticaria refractory to H1-antihistamine. The objective of the current study was to analyse the effects of treatment on patients’ symptoms and quality of life for a period of up to 2 years. Over the 2 years, there was clear improvement in the high rates of disease burden from baseline, as evidenced by lower scores for disease severity scales, better quality of life, and a decreasing rate of medical resource utilization. However, this is the result of treatment adherence to the guidelines in highly specialized Scandinavian urticaria centres, and has its basis in the relatively low treatment intensity and control at enrolment. There is a need for greater adherence to the treatment guidelines and better management of antihistamine-refractory chronic urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christian Vestergaard
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 161, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
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8
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Metz M, Altrichter S, Buttgereit T, Fluhr JW, Fok JS, Hawro T, Jiao Q, Kolkhir P, Krause K, Magerl M, Pyatilova P, Siebenhaar F, Su H, Terhorst-Molawi D, Weller K, Xiang YK, Maurer M. The Diagnostic Workup in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria-What to Test and Why. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:2274-2283. [PMID: 33857657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), the guidelines recommend very limited diagnostic procedures during the routine workup, although additional investigations might be indicated in some patients with CSU. For physicians treating patients with CSU, it is often difficult to decide which diagnostic tests are useful. OBJECTIVE To provide recommendations on what diagnostic tests should be performed on which patients with CSU. METHODS We performed an extensive literature search on the respective topics and identified relevant questions that should prompt diagnostic procedures based on the published evidence and expert consensus among all authors. RESULTS We provide questions, diagnostic testing, where appropriate, and recommendation that should be included when assessing the history of a patient with CSU, to explore and rule out differential diagnoses, to assess patients for underlying causes and modifying conditions, to explore patients for comorbid diseases and consequences of having CSU, and to assess patients for CSU components that can help to predict their disease course and response to treatment. CONCLUSIONS Here, we provide physicians treating patients with CSU with information about which clues should lead to which tests and why.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Metz
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Buttgereit
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim W Fluhr
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jie Shen Fok
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
| | - Tomasz Hawro
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Qingqing Jiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pavel Kolkhir
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Division of Immune-mediated Skin Diseases, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Karoline Krause
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Magerl
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Polina Pyatilova
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Huichun Su
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dorothea Terhorst-Molawi
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karsten Weller
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yi-Kui Xiang
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Dermatological Allergology, Allergie-Centrum-Charité, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
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Cook KA, White AA. Chronic Urticaria with NSAID-Exacerbated Cutaneous Disease: A (NSAID) Challenge Worth Taking. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 8:3584-3585. [PMID: 33161969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Cook
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif.
| | - Andrew A White
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, Calif
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Rauscher C, Petrov AA, Fajt ML. Factors Associated with Self-Reported Drug Allergies in a Large Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Cohort. Curr Drug Saf 2021; 16:97-100. [PMID: 33006537 DOI: 10.2174/1574886315666201002153354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is characterized by recurrent hives without a known trigger. While certain drugs are associated with urticaria exacerbations, the overall drug allergy incidence in CSU is unknown. We hypothesized that the incidence of drug allergy in CSU would be greater than the general population and that there would be distinguishing clinical features of drug-allergic CSU patients. METHODS 362 adult CSU patients seen over a 10-year period at a University Allergy/Asthma clinic were identified. Patients reported no drug allergies or any drug allergy. Multiple drug allergies were defined as allergies to ≥ 2 chemically unrelated drugs. Using Chi-square or Wilcoxon analysis, we compared demographic features of CSU with and without drug allergy and with multiple vs. single drug allergy. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Overall, 202 CSU patients (56%) reported drug allergy. Drug allergic CSU patients were older, with a greater proportion of whites and higher BMI vs. CSU without drug allergy (p=0.002, p=0.047, p=0.004, respectively). Penicillin was the most common drug allergy, with urticaria the most frequently reported reaction. Female sex, white race, older age at the visit, and co-existing asthma were more common in multiple drug allergy (n=115) vs. single drug allergy (p=0.002, p=0.02, p=0.03, p=0.0002, respectively). CONCLUSION In CSU, the prevalence of self-reported drug allergies was higher than the general population. Drug allergy is associated with older age, white race and higher BMI, while multiple drug allergy was also associated with asthma. These CSU sub-populations should be studied to avoid the potential for morbidity associated with less efficacious and more costly drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Rauscher
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Andrej A Petrov
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Merritt L Fajt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, United States
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Sánchez J, Diez S, Cardona R. Clinical Control of CSU with Antihistamines Allows for Tolerance of NSAID-Exacerbated Cutaneous Disease. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 8:3577-3583.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Sanchez J, Velasquez M, Jaimes F. A protocol for the development and internal validation of a model to predict clinical response to antihistamines in urticaria patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239962. [PMID: 33022026 PMCID: PMC7537877 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic urticaria causes a significant limitation to quality of life. In the literature, various studies can be found that have reviewed several clinical and laboratory markers, but none of these variables alone is sufficient to predict the patient's prognosis. In this study, we present a protocol to develop a prognostic model that can predict the clinical response of urticaria patients to antihistamines. This is a protocol for a bidirectional cohort study. Urticaria data will be routinely collected from a population of patients over 18 years old. A full multivariable logistic regression model will be fitted, following five steps: 1) Selection of predictive variables for the model; 2) Evaluation of the quality of the collected data and control of lost data; 3) Data statistical management; 4) Strategies to select the variables to include at the end of the model; 5) Evaluation of the performance of the different possible models (predictive accuracy) and selection of the best model. The performance and internal validation of the model will be assessed. Some clinical and paraclinical variables will be measured for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Sanchez
- Group of Clinical and Experimental Allergy, "IPS University" Clinic, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Fabian Jaimes
- Internal Medicine Department, "San Vicente" Clinic, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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13
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Hon KL, Leung AKC, Ng WGG, Loo SK. Chronic Urticaria: An Overview of Treatment and Recent Patents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 13:27-37. [PMID: 30924425 PMCID: PMC6751347 DOI: 10.2174/1872213x13666190328164931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Up to 1% of the general population in the USA and Europe suffer from chronic urticaria (CU) at some point in their lifetime. CU has an adverse effect on the quality of life. Objective: This study aims to provide an update on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifesta-tions, diagnosis, aggravating factors, complications, treatment and prognosis of CU. Methods: The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, reviews and pertinent references. Patents were searched using the key term “chronic urticaria” at the following links: www.google.com/patents, www.uspto.gov, and www.freepatentsonline.com. Results: CU is a clinical diagnosis, based on the episodic appearance of characteristic urticarial lesions that wax and wane rapidly, with or without angioedema, on most days of the week, for a period of six weeks or longer. Triggers such as medications, physical stimuli, and stress can be identified in 10 to 20% of cases. C-reactive protein/erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and complete blood cell count with differential are the screening tests that may be used to rule out an underlying disorder. The mainstay of therapy is reassurance, patient education, avoidance of known triggers, and pharmacotherapy. Second-generation H1 antihistamines are the drugs of choice for initial therapy because of their safety and efficacy profile. If satisfactory improvement does not occur after 2 to 4 weeks or earlier if the symptoms are intolerable, the dose of second-generation H1 antihistamines can be increased up to fourfold the manufacturer’s recom-mended dose (all be it off license). If satisfactory improvement does not occur after 2 to 4 weeks or earlier if the symptoms are intolerable after the fourfold increase in the dosage of second-generation H1 antihis-tamines, omalizumab should be added. If satisfactory improvement does not occur after 6 months or earli-er if the symptoms are intolerable after omalizumab has been added, treatment with cyclosporine and sec-ond-generation H1 antihistamines is recommended. Short-term use of systemic corticosteroids may be considered for acute exacerbation of CU and in refractory cases. Recent patents for the management of chronic urticaria are also discussed. Complications of CU may include skin excoriations, adverse effect on quality of life, anxiety, depression, and considerable humanistic and economic impacts. On average, the duration of CU is around two to five years. Disease severity has an association with disease duration. Conclusion: CU is idiopathic in the majority of cases. On average, the duration of CU is around two to five years. Treatment is primarily symptomatic with second generation antihistamines being the first line. Omalizumab has been a remarkable advancement in the management of CU and improves the quality of life beyond symptom control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam L Hon
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alexander K C Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wing G G Ng
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Steven K Loo
- The Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Clinical Characterization of Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria according to Anti-TPO IgE Levels. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:4202145. [PMID: 31886301 PMCID: PMC6925798 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4202145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a heterogeneous disease with some frequent comorbidities like autoimmune diseases, drug reactions, and inducible urticaria. IgE antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO IgE) could be associated with some of these clinical characteristics. Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of CSU patients, according to the presence of anti-TPO IgE in serum. Methods Anti-TPO IgE levels were measured during the clinical control period (Urticaria Activity Score, 0 point) and exacerbation period (≥3 points) in 100 CSU patients. Patients with self-reported exacerbation of skin involvement by foods, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and physical triggers underwent controlled challenge tests. Results We identified 2 groups of patients: (1) patients with anti-TPO IgE during the clinical control period or during an exacerbation, who had a higher frequency of atopy, asthma, and positive challenge test results with NSAIDs and (2) patients without anti-TPO IgE during any period, who had a higher frequency of positive challenge test results for inducible urticaria. Among the first group (anti-TPO IgE at any point), we identified 3 subgroups: patients with anti-TPO IgE during the clinical control period (n = 12); patients with anti-TPO IgE during the clinical control period and significantly increased levels during an urticaria exacerbation (n = 18); and patients with anti-TPO IgE only during an exacerbation (n = 13). None of the patients with self-reported food reactions had a positive challenge test result. Conclusion Anti-TPO IgE is a useful biomarker for differentiating between clinical phenotypes of patients with CSU. Elevation of anti-TPO IgE during exacerbation periods supports an association between this autoantibody and the pathogenesis of urticaria.
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