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Mehta V, Tripathy S, Shamim MA, Sarode GS, Rizwan SA, Mathur A, Sarode SC. Oral health status of prisoners in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38693634 DOI: 10.1111/scd.13010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Given the high prevalence of oral health problems among prisoners, the goal of this systematic review is to provide a better knowledge of the scope of this problem. METHODS Electronic searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were performed. Studies that investigated inmates aged 18 or older with oral health problems were eligible. Variables reported in four or less studies were described narratively. Conversely, for variables reported in more than four studies, a meta-analysis was performed using random effect model. Furthermore, meta-regression and sensitivity analysis is also performed to evaluate moderator effect on outcome. Doi and LFT index is applied to assess publication bias. RESULTS Out of 494 results, 12 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of caries among prisoners is 78.42% (59.48%-92.58%). On meta-regression, the prevalence of caries appears to be lower in studies with a higher male percentage; however, non-significant (p = .079) due to small sample size. Community periodontal index (CPI) scores revealed periodontal disease, with scores of 3 and 4. Moreover, a significant need for oral hygiene instruction, prosthesis, extraction, and tooth ache, periodontal disease, oral mucosal lesions, leucoplakia, attrition, abrasion, bruxism, and smoking behaviors were also reported. CONCLUSION Poor oral health status in the incarcerated population highlights the urgent need for comprehensive oral health intervention in prisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vini Mehta
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Snehasish Tripathy
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - S A Rizwan
- Scientist-D, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ankita Mathur
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Soares M, Gonçalves M, Rompante P, Salazar F, Monteiro L, Pacheco JJ, Relvas M. Assessment of Oral Health Status in a Prison Population in Northern Portugal. J Clin Exp Dent 2023; 15:e912-e919. [PMID: 38074165 PMCID: PMC10699763 DOI: 10.4317/jced.60551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prisoners constitute one of the disadvantaged groups and it is observed that these individuals suffer from poor oral hygiene and the prevalence of oral diseases is higher compared to the general population. MATERIAL AND METHODS The aim of this study is to assess the state of the oral health in a prison population in Northern Portugal. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 103 male prisoners with age between 25 and 75 years old. A questionnaire was presented to all the prisoners and an intraoral clinical examination was performed in each of them. RESULTS The sample mean age was 41.58 ± 8.94 years. Most participants consume sugary foods, with 32% consuming then on a daily basis. It was noticed that 13.6% of the participants do not brush their teeth. Most of the prisoners smoke (78.6%) and 70 smoke more than 10 cigarettes per day. The mean DMFT was 17.17 ± 8.23 and the component with the highest weight was the number of missing teeth, with a mean value of 13.14 ± 8.32. It was observed that 7 individuals are edentulous and 64 (62.1%) have caries lesions. It has been noted that of the 64 individuals presenting caries lesions, 47 (73.4%) eat sugary foods, however this relationship is not statistically significant. It was found that the prevalence of periodontal health was 26%, gingivitis was 32.3% and periodontitis was 41.7%. Plaque Index was evaluated according to the periodontal condition, it was observed a significantly lower level of plaque index in the periodontally healthy subjects compared to the subjects with gingivitis and the subjects with periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of oral diseases in this prison population is high, as is the loss of teeth. Dental caries is the most observed oral disease, and periodontitis the most common of the periodontal diseases. Key words:Prisoners, Oral health, Caries, DMFT, Periodontitis, Oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Soares
- UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Maria Gonçalves
- Toxicology Research Unit (TOXRUN), (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Rompante
- UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Filomena Salazar
- UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Luís Monteiro
- UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - José-Júlio Pacheco
- UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Marta Relvas
- UNIPRO, Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
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Amaya A, Medina I, Mazzilli S, D'Arcy J, Cocco N, Van Hout MC, Stöver H, Moazen B. Oral health services in prison settings: A global scoping review of availability, accessibility, and model of delivery. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37566403 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
This review aimed at evaluating the state of availability, accessibility and model of delivery of oral health services in prisons, globally. Five databases of peer-reviewed literature and potential sources of grey literature were systematically searched. Inclusion criteria encompassed oral health papers related to prisons globally, with exclusion of certain article types. Selection involved independent evaluations by two researchers, followed by quality assessment. Data on the availability of oral health interventions in prisons came from 18 countries, while information on the model of delivery of the services is scarce. In addition, two sets of individual and organizational barriers toward oral health service uptake in prisons were revealed and discussed in the text. Lack of oral health services in prisons affects people living in prisons and jeopardizes their reintegration. Urgent and concrete international actions are required to ensure the availability, accessibility, and quality of oral health services among people living in prisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Amaya
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivan Medina
- School of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Corporación Universitaria de Asturias, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sara Mazzilli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Cocco
- Infectious Diseases Service, Penitentiary Health System, ASST-Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Heino Stöver
- Department of Health and Social Work, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Babak Moazen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Health and Social Work, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Muniz FWMG, Moreno LB, da Silviera TM, Rösing CK, Colussi PRG. Prevalence and associated factors of self‐reported halitosis among institutionalized adolescents: cross‐sectional study. Int J Dent Hyg 2022; 21:409-416. [PMID: 36102281 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and associated factors of self-reported halitosis in institutionalized adolescents in a city in southern Brazil. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved male institutionalized adolescents, aged 15-19 years old, at the Socio-Educational Assistance Center in the city of Passo Fundo, Brazil. Data collection was performed by a research team composed of two interviewers, two clinical examiners of oral health and two examiners of salivary flow. A structured questionnaire was applied, which included demographical, socioeconomical, general health behaviour, presence of health problems and oral health self-perception variables. Decayed, Missing, Filled Index was used for the clinical examination. The salivary flow collection was performed using the mechanically stimulated total saliva method, in which only the liquid component was measured. RESULTS The prevalence of self-reported halitosis in this sample was 51.5% (n = 35). In the final multivariate analysis, halitosis was significantly associated with the non-white racial group (prevalence ratio [RP]:1.703; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:1.101-2.634), use of crack (RP:1.857; 95%CI:1.270-2.714) and number of decayed teeth (PR: 1.123; 95%CI:1.008-1.252). The use of alcohol and access to dental care in the last 12 months were not significantly associated with self-reported halitosis. CONCLUSION It was concluded that non-white and crack-user youngsters had a high occurrence of self-reported halitosis. Higher rates of dental caries are also associated with halitosis.
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Balkrishna A, Singh K, Sharma A, Parkar SM, Oberoi G. Oral health among prisoners of District Jail, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India - A cross-sectional study. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE SANIDAD PENITENCIARIA 2022; 24:41-47. [PMID: 36256555 PMCID: PMC9578301 DOI: 10.18176/resp.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Prisoners are at risk from a range of health related problems, caused by a number of factors. This study was conducted to assess the impact of incarceration on oral health among the prisoners of Haridwar District Jail, Uttarakhand state. MATERIAL AND METHOD A total of 573 inmates (534 males and 39 females) comprised the total study population. Oral health was examined with the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, and by measuring pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). RESULTS The age of the study participants ranged between 18 to 90 years with a mean age of 46.14 ± 15.29 years. The overall mean DMFT score was 5.40±6.49, with a prevalence of 77%. A significant difference (P=0.001) was found when the mean score of DMFT was compared to the period of incarceration, where the highest mean score was 6.97±7.69 for 5-10 years. DISCUSSION There was a significant difference found for DMFT among inmates based on a period of incarceration. Gender and period of incarceration had no significant impact on the severity of periodontal diseases among jail inmates. Longitudinal studies are required to find out the causal association between incarceration and oral health. Comprehensive and timely oral health care is required for this vulnerable population. CONCLUSION The level of oral disease among jail inmates was high. There was a significant difference for DMFT among inmates based on the period of incarceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Vice Chancellor, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand. IndiaUniversity Of PatanjaliUniversity of PatanjaliHaridwarUttarakhandIndia
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Dental Clinic and Research Centre, Patanjali Ayurved Hospital, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, IndiaDental Clinic and Research CentrePatanjali Ayurved HospitalHaridwarUttarakhandIndia
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Public health Dentistry, RUHS College of Dental Sciences (Government Dental College and Hospital), Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Public health DentistryRUHS College of Dental Sciences (Government Dental College and Hospital)JaipurRajasthanIndia
| | - Sujal M. Parkar
- Public health Dentistry, Sidhpur Dental College and Hospital, Patan, Gujarat India. Public health DentistrySidhpur Dental College and HospitalPatanGujaratIndia
| | - Gurpreet Oberoi
- Dental Clinic and Research Centre, Patanjali Ayurved Hospital, Haridwar, Uttarakhand. India. Dental Clinic and Research CentrePatanjali Ayurved HospitalHaridwarUttarakhandIndia
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