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Kinoshita K, Kodera S, Hatsusaka N, Egawa R, Takizawa H, Kubo E, Sasaki H, Hirata A. Association of nuclear cataract prevalence with UV radiation and heat load in lens of older people -five city study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:123832-123842. [PMID: 37991619 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported that the frequency of nuclear cataracts (NUCs) is high among the elderly and in tropical countries. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and lens temperature are considered as key physical contributors, although their precise quantification is difficult. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of NUC prevalence with UV irradiation and heat load. First, we assessed the lens temperature using thermodynamic modeling considering the thermophysiological response. We then conducted a multivariate linear regression analysis for the epidemiological analysis of NUC prevalence across five cities. A strong correlation was observed between NUC prevalence and the combined effects of UV irradiation and cumulative equivalent minutes at 43 °C (CEM43°C) derived from the computed lens temperature (adjusted R2 = 0.933, p < 0.0001). Heat load significantly contributed to the prevalence at 52%, surpassing the contributions of UV irradiation (31%) and the decline in DNA repair capacity in the lens (17%). These results suggested that both UV radiation and heat load are associated with NUC, with heat load contributing more. Our findings provided important implications for future interventions, particularly in the context of global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Kinoshita
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kodera
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8555, Japan
- Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Natsuko Hatsusaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Egawa
- School of Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Eri Kubo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Akimasa Hirata
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8555, Japan.
- Center of Biomedical Physics and Information Technology, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan.
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2
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Orman B, Benozzi G. Pharmacological Treatments for Presbyopia. Drugs Aging 2023; 40:105-116. [PMID: 36670320 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-022-01002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Accommodation is the change in dioptric power of the eye. It is a dynamic process that allows focusing on an object at all distances. In order to focus sharply, three physiological responses, known as the triad of accommodation, are produced by a change in pupil size, a change in shape and position of the lens, and ocular convergence. This is modulated by the autonomic nervous system, mainly the parasympathetic nervous system. Presbyopia is a refractive condition that occurs with aging, usually manifesting around 40-50 years of age, and is a result of the loss of accommodation in the eye, causing loss of visual performance when focusing on objects placed at different distances, starting with near vision. Glasses, contact lenses, surgical approaches and now pharmacological treatments are accepted methods of treating presbyopia. Pharmacological treatment is a promising new noninvasive option for treating presbyopia. Currently there are three pharmacological approaches to the treatment of presbyopia. The first one aims to produce miosis and, from a pinhole effect, increase depth of focus, and therefore improve uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA). The second one addresses rehabilitating accommodation in a binocular way, allowing good vision at all distances. Finally, the third strategy uses lipoic acid to restore the lost elasticity of the lens. All of these pharmacological treatments are topical non-invasive eyedrops, with no serious adverse effects having been reported with any of the strategies, and require the right patient selection process to fulfill expectations and needs. The aim of this article is to provide an update on recent advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betina Orman
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Giovanna Benozzi
- Centro de Investigación Avanzada para la Presbicia, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Li H, Gao L, Du J, Ma T, Ye Z, Li Z. Differentially expressed gene profiles and associated ceRNA network in ATG7-Deficient lens epithelial cells under oxidative stress. Front Genet 2022; 13:1088943. [PMID: 36568386 PMCID: PMC9768497 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1088943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidation is an essential factor during cataract development. Autophagy, usually a cytoprotective process, is always found elevated in lens epithelial cells under oxidation, yet its roles and associated molecular mechanisms under such circumstances are rarely elucidated. Herein, we extracted and re-analyzed the RNA sequencing data of the GSE161701 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify the differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs by using the R package "DESeq2". Further analyses of gene ontology and KEGG enrichment were implemented via the packages "clusterProfiler" and "enrichplot". We found that after the knockout of ATG7, differentially expressed genes were more associated with hemopoiesis, vasculature development, axonogenesis, and hypoxia regulation. When stimulated with H2O2, LECs displayed a gene expression profile correlating with apoptotic and proliferative pathways, such as the MAPK signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway. The differentially expressed gene profiles of the two types of LECs (wild type and ATG7 deficient) under oxidation were distinct to a large extent. Furthermore, 1,341 up-regulated and 1912 down-regulated differential mRNAs and 263 up-regulated and 336 down-regulated differential lncRNAs between these two types of LECs subjected to H2O2 were detected, among which 292 mRNAs and 24 lncRNAs possibly interacted with ten cataract-related miRNAs. A competing endogenous lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network based on such interactions was finally constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China,Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiong Gao
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlin Du
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianju Ma
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zi Ye
- Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zi Ye, ; Zhaohui Li,
| | - Zhaohui Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China,Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zi Ye, ; Zhaohui Li,
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4
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Askari S, Azizi F, Javadpour P, Karimi N, Ghasemi R. Endoplasmic reticulum stress as an underlying factor in leading causes of blindness and potential therapeutic effects of 4-phenylbutyric acid: from bench to bedside. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2022.2145945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Askari
- Neuroscience Research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Azizi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Javadpour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Karimi
- Eye and Skull Base Research Centers, The Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran5Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Upaphong P, Thonusin C, Choovuthayakorn J, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. The Possible Positive Mechanisms of Pirenoxine in Cataract Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169431. [PMID: 36012695 PMCID: PMC9408903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. A diverse range of medication has been invented to prevent or treat cataract. Pirenoxine (PRX), a drug with strong antioxidant properties, has been used topically to treat cataract, and there is much evidence to demonstrate the beneficial effects of PRX on lens opacity from in vitro and in vivo models. In clinical use, PRX has been prescribed worldwide by ophthalmologists for over six decades; however, there is still controversy with regard to its efficacy, and thus PRX remains an off-label use for cataract treatment. This comprehensive review summarizes and discusses evidence pertinent to the mechanisms of PRX and its efficacy mainly on cataract models. The issues that have been deemed uncertain over the six-decade use of PRX are examined. The information summarized in this review should provide insights into contriving novel approaches for the treatment of cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phit Upaphong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chanisa Thonusin
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Janejit Choovuthayakorn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +66-53-944-451; Fax: +66-53-222-844
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Alpha-Crystallin-Membrane Association Modulated by Phospholipid Acyl Chain Length and Degree of Unsaturation. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050455. [PMID: 35629781 PMCID: PMC9147264 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
α-crystallin-membrane association increases with age and cataracts, with the primary association site of α-crystallin being phospholipids. However, it is unclear if phospholipids’ acyl chain length and degree of unsaturation influence α-crystallin association. We used the electron paramagnetic resonance approach to investigate the association of α-crystallin with phosphatidylcholine (PC) membranes of different acyl chain lengths and degrees of unsaturation and with and without cholesterol (Chol). The association constant (Ka) of α-crystallin follows the trends, i.e., Ka (14:0−14:0 PC) > Ka (18:0−18:1 PC) > Ka (18:1−18:1 PC) ≈ Ka (16:0−20:4 PC) where the presence of Chol decreases Ka for all membranes. With an increase in α-crystallin concentration, the saturated and monounsaturated membranes rapidly become more immobilized near the headgroup regions than the polyunsaturated membranes. Our results directly correlate the mobility and order near the headgroup regions of the membrane with the Ka, with the less mobile and more ordered membrane having substantially higher Ka. Furthermore, our results show that the hydrophobicity near the headgroup regions of the membrane increases with the α-crystallin association, indicating that the α-crystallin-membrane association forms the hydrophobic barrier to the transport of polar and ionic molecules, supporting the barrier hypothesis in cataract development.
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Patel S, Hosur RV. Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations reveal self-association sites in M-crystallin caused by mutations provide insights of cataract. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23270. [PMID: 34857812 PMCID: PMC8639718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystallins are ubiquitous, however, prevalence is seen in eye lens. Eye lens crystallins are long-lived and structural intactness is required for maintaining lens transparency and protein solubility. Mutations in crystallins often lead to cataract. In this study, we performed mutations at specific sites of M-crystallin, a close homologue of eye lens crystallin and studied by using replica exchange molecular dynamics simulation with generalized Born implicit solvent model. Mutations were made on the Ca2+ binding residues (K34D and S77D) and in the hydrophobic core (W45R) which is known to cause congenital cataract in homologous γD-crystallin. The chosen mutations caused large motion of the N-terminal Greek key, concomitantly broke the interlocking Greek keys interactions and perturbed the compact core resulting in several folded and partially unfolded states. Partially unfolded states exposed large hydrophobic patches that could act as precursors for self-aggregation. Accumulation of such aggregates is the potential cause of cataract in homologous eye lens crystallins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Patel
- UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai University Campus, Vidyanagari, Mumbai, 400098, India.
| | - Ramakrishna V. Hosur
- grid.452882.1UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai University Campus, Vidyanagari, Mumbai, 400098 India
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Chen XY, Yang SY, Ruan XJ, Ding HY, Wang NX, Liu F, Li JC, Li Y. MsrB1 Promotes Proliferation and Invasion of Colorectal Cancer Cells via GSK-3β/β-catenin Signaling Axis. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211053203. [PMID: 34719306 PMCID: PMC8558597 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211053203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Methionine sulfoxide reductase B1 (MsrB1) can catalyze both free and protein-bound R-methionine sulfoxides (R-MetO) to methionine (Met). It has been reported that MsrB1 plays an important role in the development of HCC and human bone osteosarcoma. However, little is known about the functions of MsrB1 in human colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we detected MsrB1 expression level in CRC tissue and cell lines, and investigated the effect of MsrB1 knockdown on CRC phenotypes and possible mechanisms involved in. The results showed that MsrB1 was highly expressed in both CRC tissues and cell lines, and that cell proliferation, migration and invasion were significantly inhibited, but apoptosis was increased after MsrB1 knockdown in colorectal cancer HCT116 and RKO cell lines, compared to control siRNA group. In addition, E-cadherin protein level was increased, vimentin and Snail protein were greatly decreased after knockdown of MsrB1 in cells. Furthermore, pGSK-3β (Ser9) and β-catenin protein levels were reduced, the promoter activity of TCF/LEF construction was inhibited after MsrB1 knockdown in cells, suggesting that GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling axis was involved in the tumorigenesis of CRC. In conclusion, the oncogenic role and related mechanisms of MsrB1 in CRC discovered in our work determined the potential role of MsrB1 as a biomarker and may provide a new target for clinical therapy of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Xiao-Yu Chen and Sheng-Yong Yang contributed equally to this article
| | - Sheng-Yong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Xiao-Yu Chen and Sheng-Yong Yang contributed equally to this article
| | - Xiao-Jie Ruan
- Division of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemical and Biomedical Science, Science Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong-Yue Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning-Xi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia-Chu Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Improvement of Presbyopia Using a Mixture of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines, Including Cassiae Semen, Wolfberry, and Dendrobium huoshanense. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9902211. [PMID: 34354761 PMCID: PMC8331274 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9902211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Presbyopia is a primary cause of a decline in near vision. In this study, we developed a new mixed herbal medicine to retard presbyopic progression and increase the amplitude of accommodation (AA), which is beneficial for near vision. Methods A total of 400 participants between the ages of 45 and 70 years were recruited. We designed the mixed herbal drug to include Cassiae Semen (200 mg), wolfberry (200 mg), and Dendrobium huoshanense (DD) (40 mg) in one capsule. In experiment 1, the recruited subjects were directed to perform a push-up test to measure their AA; this was then converted to the additional diopters of reading glasses. In experiment 2, 240 subjects took three capsules daily for six months and then stopped medical therapy for a six-month follow-up. In experiment 3, 160 subjects were randomly categorized into four groups: a placebo group, low-dose group (LDG) (1 capsule daily), middle-dose group (MDG) (two capsules daily), and high-dose group (HDG) (three capsules daily). The 160 volunteers took different doses for six months and then stopped treatment, accompanied by another six-month follow-up. In experiments 2 and 3, the change in AA, uncorrected far visual acuity (UFVA), and uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA) were recorded each month for one year. Results In experiment 1, AA was found to decrease with age and a great deal of additional power was needed in older individuals. In experiment 2, the mean AA reached a maximum value of 2.1D (P < 0.05) after six months, while the UNVA improved by about two to three lines of a Jaeger chart in most of the subjects. At nine months, all the means decreased slightly to 2.0 D (P < 0.05). This meant that the mixed herbal medicine could still maintain AA for another three months because the herbal therapy was stopped at the seventh month. In experiment 3, the maximal AA was 2.8D, 2.9D, and 3.2D (P < 0.05) in the LDG, MDG, and HDG after six-month treatments, respectively. Experiment 3 showed that AA gain occurred in a dose-dependent manner; the higher the dose, the greater the AA value. Conclusion Only two studies on the use of herbal drugs for presbyopia have been reported in PubMed. In our study, we found that taking a mixed herbal drug caused an excellent gain in AA. This is the first study to report that the characteristics of the new herbal regimen could retard and even ameliorate presbyopia.
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Stahnke T, Lindner T, Guthoff R, Stachs O, Wree A, Langner S, Niendorf T, Grabow N, Glass Ä, Beller E, Polei S. Ultrahigh field MRI determination of water diffusion rates in ex vivo human lenses of different age. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:3029-3041. [PMID: 34249632 PMCID: PMC8250020 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of presbyopia is correlated with increased lens stiffness. To reveal structural changes with age, ultrahigh field magnetic resonance imaging (UHF-MRI) was used to analyze water diffusion in differently aged human lenses ex vivo. METHODS After enucleation lens extractions were performed. Lenses were photographed, weighed, and embedded in 0.5% agarose dissolved in culture medium. UHF-MRI was conducted to analyze anatomical characteristics of the lens using T2-weighted Turbo-RARE imaging and to obtain apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) measurements. A Gaussian fit routine was used to examine the ADC histograms. RESULTS An age-dependent increase in lens wet weight, lens thickness, and lens diameter was found (P<0.001). T2-weighted images revealed a hyperintense lens cortex and a gradually negative gradient in signal intensity towards the nucleus. ADC histograms of the lens showed bimodal distributions (lower ADC values mainly located in the nucleus and higher ADC values mainly located in the cortex), which did not change significantly with age [βPeak1=1.96E-7 (-20E-7, 10E-7), P=0.804 or βPeak2=15.4E-7 (-10E-7, 40E-7), P=0.276; respectively]. CONCLUSIONS Clinically relevant age dependent lens hardening is probably not correlated with ADC changes within the nucleus, which could be confirmed by further measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stahnke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tobias Lindner
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rudolf Guthoff
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Stachs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Wree
- Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sönke Langner
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Niels Grabow
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Rostock University Medical Center, Friedrich- Rostock, Germany
| | - Änne Glass
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ebba Beller
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Polei
- Core Facility Multimodal Small Animal Imaging, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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Hanafy BI, Cave GWV, Barnett Y, Pierscionek BK. Nanoceria Prevents Glucose-Induced Protein Glycation in Eye Lens Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1473. [PMID: 34206140 PMCID: PMC8228845 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) are generally known for their recyclable antioxidative properties making them an appealing biomaterial for protecting against physiological and pathological age-related changes that are caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cataract is one such pathology that has been associated with oxidation and glycation of the lens proteins (crystallins) leading to aggregation and opacification. A novel coated nanoceria formulation has been previously shown to enter the human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and protect them from oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In this work, the mechanism of nanoceria uptake in HLECs is studied and multiple anti-cataractogenic properties are assessed in vitro. Our results show that the nanoceria provide multiple beneficial actions to delay cataract progression by (1) acting as a catalase mimetic in cells with inhibited catalase, (2) improving reduced to oxidised glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) in HLECs, and (3) inhibiting the non-enzymatic glucose-induced glycation of the chaperone lens protein α-crystallin. Given the multifactorial nature of cataract progression, the varied actions of nanoceria render them promising candidates for potential non-surgical therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal I. Hanafy
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Gareth W. V. Cave
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Faculty of Heath, Education, Medicine and Social Care and Pharmaceutical Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridgeshire CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Barbara K. Pierscionek
- Faculty of Heath, Education, Medicine and Social Care and Pharmaceutical Research Group, Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridgeshire CB1 1PT, UK;
- School of Life Science and Education, Staffordshire University College Road, Stoke on Trent ST4 2DE, UK
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Chellappa SL. Individual differences in light sensitivity affect sleep and circadian rhythms. Sleep 2021; 44:5922657. [PMID: 33049062 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial lighting is omnipresent in contemporary society with disruptive consequences for human sleep and circadian rhythms because of overexposure to light, particularly in the evening/night hours. Recent evidence shows large individual variations in circadian photosensitivity, such as melatonin suppression, due to artificial light exposure. Despite the emerging body of research indicating that the effects of light on sleep and circadian rhythms vary dramatically across individuals, recommendations for appropriate light exposure in real-life settings rarely consider such individual effects. This review addresses recently identified links among individual traits, for example, age, sex, chronotype, genetic haplotypes, and the effects of evening/night light on sleep and circadian hallmarks, based on human laboratory and field studies. Target biological mechanisms for individual differences in light sensitivity include differences occurring within the retina and downstream, such as the central circadian clock. This review also highlights that there are wide gaps of uncertainty, despite the growing awareness that individual differences shape the effects of evening/night light on sleep and circadian physiology. These include (1) why do certain individual traits differentially affect the influence of light on sleep and circadian rhythms; (2) what is the translational value of individual differences in light sensitivity in populations typically exposed to light at night, such as night shift workers; and (3) what is the magnitude of individual differences in light sensitivity in population-based studies? Collectively, the current findings provide strong support for considering individual differences when defining optimal lighting specifications, thus allowing for personalized lighting solutions that promote quality of life and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Chellappa
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Wang T, Huang PJ, Chen C, Liu DW, Yi JL. A comparison of visual acuity measured by ETDRS chart and Standard Logarithmic Visual Acuity chart among outpatients. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:536-540. [PMID: 33875944 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.04.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the results of visual acuity (VA) measured by Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart, 5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity (5SL) chart, and 2.5 m Standard Logarithm Visual Acuity (2.5SL) chart in outpatients of age 12-80y. METHODS Each patient (totally 2000 outpatients) had both eyes tested with ETDRS chart at 4 m, 5SL chart at 5 m, and 2.5SL chart at 2.5 m in random order. The VA values of outpatients were categorized by ages. VA values were expressed by logMAR recording method. RESULTS The mean VA results of ETDRS charts, 5SL, and 2.5SL chart were 0.52±0.28, 0.50±0.30, and 0.46±0.28 logMAR, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the three eye charts in the whole group (P<0.001). For all subjects, the correlation of VA tested with three charts was statistically significant (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.944, 0.937, 0.946, all P<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis shows the 95% limits of agreement between the 5SL and 2.5SL chart were -0.182 to 0.210, -0.139 to 0.251, and -0.151 to 0.235 logMAR, respectively). CONCLUSION The agreement between the three eye charts is not high. The VA measured by 5SL chart is slightly better than that by ETDRS chart and 5SL chart would be a suitable alternative when ETDRS chart are not available in the clinical situation. The VA measured by 2.5SL chart is about 0.5 line better than VA tested with ETDRS chart, which may overestimate VA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Pei-Jie Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ding-Wei Liu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jing-Lin Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, China
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Chellappa SL, Bromundt V, Frey S, Cajochen C. Age-related neuroendocrine and alerting responses to light. GeroScience 2021; 43:1767-1781. [PMID: 33638088 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with sleep and circadian alterations, which can negatively affect quality of life and longevity. Importantly, the age-related reduction in light sensitivity, particularly in the short-wavelength range, may underlie sleep and circadian alterations in older people. While evidence suggests that non-image-forming (NIF) light responses may diminish in older individuals, most laboratory studies have low sample sizes, use non-ecological light settings (e.g., monochromatic light), and typically focus on melatonin suppression by light. Here, we investigated whether NIF light effects on endogenous melatonin levels and sleep frontal slow-wave activity (primary outcomes), and subjective sleepiness and sustained attention (secondary outcomes) attenuate with aging. We conducted a stringently controlled within-subject study with 3 laboratory protocols separated by ~ 1 week in 31 young (18-30 years; 15 women) and 16 older individuals (55-80 years; eight women). Each protocol included 2 h of evening exposure to commercially available blue-enriched polychromatic light (6500 K) or non-blue-enriched light (3000 K or 2500 K) at low levels (~ 40 lx, habitual in evening indoor settings). Aging significantly affected the influence of light on endogenous melatonin levels, subjective sleepiness, sustained attention, and frontal slow-wave activity (interaction: P < 0.001, P = 0.004, P = 0.007, P = 0.001, respectively). In young individuals, light exposure at 6500 K significantly attenuated the increase in endogenous melatonin levels, improved subjective sleepiness and sustained attention performance, and decreased frontal slow-wave activity in the beginning of sleep. Conversely, older individuals did not exhibit signficant differential light sensitivity effects. Our findings provide evidence for an association of aging and reduced light sensitivity, with ramifications to sleep, cognition, and circadian health in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Chellappa
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, 039 BLI, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Vivien Bromundt
- Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy-Center, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.,Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Frey
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Cajochen
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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15
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Aiello D, Carnamucio F, Cordaro M, Foti C, Napoli A, Giuffrè O. Ca 2+ Complexation With Relevant Bioligands in Aqueous Solution: A Speciation Study With Implications for Biological Fluids. Front Chem 2021; 9:640219. [PMID: 33718329 PMCID: PMC7953420 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.640219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A speciation study on the interaction between Ca2+ and ligands of biological interest in aqueous solution is reported. The ligands under study are l-cysteine (Cys), d-penicillamine (PSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). From the elaboration of the potentiometric experimental data the most likely speciation patterns obtained are characterized by only protonated species with a 1:1 metal to ligand ratio. In detail, two species, CaLH2 and CaLH, for systems containing Cys, PSH, and GSH, and five species, CaLH5, CaLH4, CaLH3, CaLH2, and CaLH, for system containing GSSG, were observed. The potentiometric titrations were performed at different temperatures (15 ≤ t/°C ≤ 37, at I = 0.15 mol L-1). The enthalpy and entropy change values were calculated for all systems, and the dependence of the formation constants of the complex species on the temperature was evaluated. 1H NMR spectroscopy, MALDI mass spectrometry, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) investigations on Ca2+-ligand solutions were also employed, confirming the interactions and underlining characteristic complexing behaviors of Cys, PSH, GSH, and GSSG toward Ca2+. The results of the analysis of 1H NMR experimental data are in full agreement with potentiometric ones in terms of speciation models and stability constants of the species. MALDI mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analyses confirm the formation of Ca2+-L complex species and elucidate the mechanism of interaction. On the basis of speciation models, simulations of species formation under conditions of some biological fluids were reported. The sequestering ability of Cys, PSH, GSH, and GSSG toward Ca2+ was evaluated under different conditions of pH and temperature and under physiological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Aiello
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università Della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Federica Carnamucio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche Ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cordaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche Ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Foti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche Ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Anna Napoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università Della Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Ottavia Giuffrè
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche Ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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16
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Nakazawa Y, Doki Y, Sugiyama Y, Kobayashi R, Nagai N, Morisita N, Endo S, Funakoshi-Tago M, Tamura H. Effect of Alpha-Glucosyl-Hesperidin Consumption on Lens Sclerosis and Presbyopia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020382. [PMID: 33673261 PMCID: PMC7917927 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Presbyopia is characterized by a decline in the ability to accommodate the lens. The most commonly accepted theory for the onset of presbyopia is an age-related increase in the stiffness of the lens. However, the cause of lens sclerosis remains unclear. With age, water microcirculation in the lens could change because of an increase in intracellular pressure. In the lens, the intracellular pressure is controlled by the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) 1 and TRPV4 feedback pathways. In this study, we tried to elucidate that administration of α-glucosyl-hesperidin (G-Hsd), previously reported to prevent nuclear cataract formation, affects lens elasticity and the distribution of TRPV channels and Aquaporin (AQP) channels to meet the requirement of intracellular pressure. As a result, the mouse control lens was significantly toughened compared to both the 1% and 2% G-Hsd mouse lens treatments. The anti-oxidant levels in the lens and plasma decreased with age; however, this decrease could be nullified with either 1% or 2% G-Hsd treatment in a concentration- and exposure time-dependent manner. Moreover, G-Hsd treatment affected the TRPV4 distribution, but not TRPV1, AQP0, and AQP5, in the peripheral area and could maintain intracellular pressure. These findings suggest that G-Hsd has great potential as a compound to prevent presbyopia and/or cataract formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Nakazawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibako Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (R.K.); (M.F.-T.); (H.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5400-2689
| | - Yuri Doki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibako Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (R.K.); (M.F.-T.); (H.T.)
| | - Yuki Sugiyama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibako Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (R.K.); (M.F.-T.); (H.T.)
| | - Ryota Kobayashi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibako Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (R.K.); (M.F.-T.); (H.T.)
| | - Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan;
| | - Naoki Morisita
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd., Okayama 702-8006, Japan; (N.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Shin Endo
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd., Okayama 702-8006, Japan; (N.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Megumi Funakoshi-Tago
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibako Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (R.K.); (M.F.-T.); (H.T.)
| | - Hiroomi Tamura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibako Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (Y.D.); (Y.S.); (R.K.); (M.F.-T.); (H.T.)
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17
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Nakazawa Y, Aoki M, Doki Y, Morishita N, Endo S, Nagai N, Funakoshi-Tago M, Tamura H. Oral consumption of α-glucosyl-hesperidin could prevent lens hardening, which causes presbyopia. Biochem Biophys Rep 2020; 25:100885. [PMID: 33392397 PMCID: PMC7773531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2020.100885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Presbyopia is one of the most well-known diseases of the eye, predominantly affecting the adult population after 50 years’. Due to hardening of the lens and failure of accommodative change, patients lose the ability to focus on near objects. This eye symptom is reported to be an early symptom of age-related nuclear cataract, and we have previously reported that hesperetin treatment could delay the onset of nuclear cataractogenesis induced by sodium selenite. In this study, we examined whether oral intake of α-glucosyl-hesperidin (G-Hsd), which has greater water solubility than hesperetin, could delay the onset of presbyopia. G-Hsd treatment protected lens elasticity, upregulated the mRNA expression of anti-oxidative enzymes like glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase 1 in the plasma and lens, and prevented premature cataract symptoms in selenite-induced cataract rat lens. Thus, the anti-presbyopic effects of G-Hsd were attributed, at least in part, to its antioxidant effects. G-Hsd represents the first oral treatment agent with anti-presbyopia and/or anti-cataract properties. G-Hsd prevents presbyopia by inhibiting aging-induced lens hardening. It reduces aging-induced oxidative stress in the lens and plasma. It ameliorates cataract development by preventing sclerosis of the eye. G-Hsd is the first oral supplement with anti-cataract and anti-presbyopia effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miki Aoki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Doki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shin Endo
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
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18
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Zhou T, Yang M, Zhang G, Kang L, Yang L, Guan H. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 protects human lens epithelial cells against H 2O 2 stimuli through the nuclear factor kappa b/p65 and p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase axis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1653. [PMID: 33490165 PMCID: PMC7812193 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) plays a regulatory role in many biological processes; however, its role in cataracts has yet to be illuminated. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of NEAT1 in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods HLECs (SRA01/04) were treated with 300 µM H2O2 to mimic cataract in vitro. Cell viability was detected by performing an MTT assay and EdU staining. Flow cytometry was carried out to detect apoptosis of HLECs. DNA damage was examined using γ-H2A histone family member X staining. and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using 2’,7’dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining. The expression levels of lncRNA and proteins were detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. Results The expression of NEAT1 was observed to be increased in H2O2-treated HLECs and age-related cataract (ARC) tissues. Knockdown NEAT1 strongly protected against H2O2-induced cell death and also regulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2, and Bcl-2-associated X protein. Further, knockdown NEAT1 also significantly suppressed H2O2-induced intracellular ROS production and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, but elevated the glutathione (GSH) activity of H2O2-treated cells. Also, it is demonstrated that si-NEAT1 greatly inhibited H2O2-induced phosphorylation of NF-кB p65 and p38 MAPK. Conclusions This study confirmed that knockdown NEAT1 attenuated H2O2-induced damage in HLECs, and inhibited the oxidative stress and apoptosis of HLECs via regulating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and p38 MAPK signaling. It may provide a potential target for clinical treatment of cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqiu Zhou
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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19
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Streckenbach F, Stachs O, Langner S, Guthoff RF, Meinel FG, Weber MA, Stahnke T, Beller E. Age-Related Changes of the Human Crystalline Lens on High-Spatial Resolution Three-Dimensional T1-Weighted Brain Magnetic Resonance Images In Vivo. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:7. [PMID: 33270843 PMCID: PMC7718815 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.14.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To reveal age-related changes of the human crystalline lens by using high-spatial resolution T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging of patients under general anesthesia. Methods We retrospectively identified 47 children (2–17 years) and 30 adults (18–70 years) without diabetes or eye disease, who required brain magnetic resonance imaging examinations under general anesthesia between 2012 and 2019. Normalized signal intensity of the crystalline lens and vitreous body, as well as equatorial diameter and axial thickness of the lens were assessed by using a three-dimensional T1-weighted magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence of the brain with 0.9-mm spatial resolution. Patient dossiers were reviewed to record indication for magnetic resonance imaging examination and hypertension. Results Advancing age was significantly correlated with increasing equatorial diameter of the infantile lens (r = 0. 74; 95% confidence interval, 0.58–0.85; P < .0001) and increasing crystalline lens signal intensity of the adult lens (r = 0.38; 95% confidence interval, 0.02–0.65; P = .0382), which remained significant after accounting for potential confounding variables. There was no significant correlation between age and axial thickness or vitreous body signal intensity in the children and adult cohort. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that advancing age was significantly correlated with an increasing equatorial diameter of the infantile lens and with increasing crystalline lens signal intensity of the adult lens. These normative data can contribute to our understanding of age-related changes in eye health and function, especially in regard to the emmetropization process and should also be taken into account when investigating lens pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Streckenbach
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Centre for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Stachs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Sönke Langner
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rudolf F Guthoff
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Felix G Meinel
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Marc-André Weber
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Stahnke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ebba Beller
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Pediatric Radiology and Neuroradiology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5268-151X
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20
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Aragonès G, Rowan S, G Francisco S, Yang W, Weinberg J, Taylor A, Bejarano E. Glyoxalase System as a Therapeutic Target against Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111062. [PMID: 33143048 PMCID: PMC7692619 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia, a defining characteristic of diabetes, combined with oxidative stress, results in the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are toxic compounds that have adverse effects on many tissues including the retina and lens. AGEs promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which, in turn, boost the production of AGEs, resulting in positive feedback loops, a vicious cycle that compromises tissue fitness. Oxidative stress and the accumulation of AGEs are etiologically associated with the pathogenesis of multiple diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR is a devastating microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults. The onset and development of DR is multifactorial. Lowering AGEs accumulation may represent a potential therapeutic approach to slow this sight-threatening diabetic complication. To set DR in a physiological context, in this review we first describe relations between oxidative stress, formation of AGEs, and aging in several tissues of the eye, each of which is associated with a major age-related eye pathology. We summarize mechanisms of AGEs generation and anti-AGEs detoxifying systems. We specifically feature the potential of the glyoxalase system in the retina in the prevention of AGEs-associated damage linked to DR. We provide a comparative analysis of glyoxalase activity in different tissues from wild-type mice, supporting a major role for the glyoxalase system in the detoxification of AGEs in the retina, and present the manipulation of this system as a therapeutic strategy to prevent the onset of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Aragonès
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA; (G.A.); (S.R.); (S.G.F.); (W.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Sheldon Rowan
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA; (G.A.); (S.R.); (S.G.F.); (W.Y.); (J.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02155, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition and Science Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
| | - Sarah G Francisco
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA; (G.A.); (S.R.); (S.G.F.); (W.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Wenxin Yang
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA; (G.A.); (S.R.); (S.G.F.); (W.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Jasper Weinberg
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA; (G.A.); (S.R.); (S.G.F.); (W.Y.); (J.W.)
| | - Allen Taylor
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA; (G.A.); (S.R.); (S.G.F.); (W.Y.); (J.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02155, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition and Science Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (E.B.); Tel.: +617-556-3156 (A.T.)
| | - Eloy Bejarano
- Laboratory for Nutrition and Vision Research, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA; (G.A.); (S.R.); (S.G.F.); (W.Y.); (J.W.)
- Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (E.B.); Tel.: +617-556-3156 (A.T.)
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21
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Gupta A, Ruminski D, Jimenez Villar A, Duarte Toledo R, Manzanera S, Panezai S, Mompean J, Artal P, Grulkowski I. In vivo SS-OCT imaging of crystalline lens sutures. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:5388-5400. [PMID: 33149958 PMCID: PMC7587285 DOI: 10.1364/boe.401254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate in vivo three-dimensional (3-D) visualization of crystalline lens sutures in healthy eyes using swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Volumetric data sets of the crystalline lenses were acquired and processed to obtain enhanced contrast projection images and to extract suture patterns in both anterior and posterior lens. The results presented different types of the sutures including Y-sutures, simple and complex star sutures. Age-related changes in suture arrangement were characterized quantitatively. Crystalline lens suture imaging with SS-OCT might be a useful tool in fundamental studies on development and ageing of human lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Gupta
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Daniel Ruminski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Alfonso Jimenez Villar
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Raúl Duarte Toledo
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvestre Manzanera
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Spozmai Panezai
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Juan Mompean
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ireneusz Grulkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziądzka 5, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Singh A, Bodakhe SH. Biochemical Evidence Indicates the Preventive Effect of Resveratrol and Nicotinamide in the Treatment of STZ-induced Diabetic Cataract. Curr Eye Res 2020; 46:52-63. [PMID: 32631099 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1782941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High glucose level is a strong initiator of both oxidative stress and DNA damage to various cellular proteins. This activates the poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) enzyme, which is responsible for disturbing physiological energy metabolic homeostasis. The present study aimed to elucidate the association between stress and the PARP pathway by using resveratrol (RSV) and nicotinamide (NAM, PARP inhibitor) to treat diabetic cataract. METHOD Albino rats were used for the experimental study. A single streptozotocin administration (55 mg/kg, i.p.) prompted diabetes in the animals. The experimental groups were the normal group (non-diabetic) and the diabetic groups: the diabetic control animals (group D), the diabetic animals treated with RSV at 40 mg/kg/day, i.p. (D+ RSV group), NAM at 100 and 300 mg/kg/day, i.p. (D+ NAM100, D+ NAM300 groups, respectively), and a combination of RSV and NAM i.p. (D+ RSV+NAM100 = Combi 1 group, D+ RSV+NAM300 = Combi 2 group). Glucose levels and the eyes were examined biweekly; various cataractogenic parameters in the lenses were examined after completion of the eight-week experimental protocol. RESULTS Compared to diabetic control, RSV monotherapy significantly decreased hyperglycemia and other lenticular alterations. NAM at the high dose only showed beneficial effects without altering the blood glucose level, lenticular aldose reductase (AR) activity, and sorbitol content, primarily restored the lenticular NAD level and decreased oxidative stress in diabetic rats. These findings regarding NAM treatment indicate that a pathway other than the antioxidant defense system and the polyol pathway, which might be due to PARP inhibition, is involved in diabetic cataracts. Moreover, compared to RSV monotherapy, combination treatments were effective. CONCLUSION These results indicate that hyperglycemia and oxidative-osmotic-nitrosative stress play central roles in the pathophysiology of diabetic cataracts. Moreover, our study also revealed that concurrent treatment with the RSV and NAM may prove useful in the pharmacotherapy of diabetes and its secondary complications such as cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University) , Bilaspur, India
| | - Surendra H Bodakhe
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University) , Bilaspur, India
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23
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Exploring the Etiological Links behind Neurodegenerative Diseases: Inflammatory Cytokines and Bioactive Kynurenines. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072431. [PMID: 32244523 PMCID: PMC7177899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), presenting a broad range of symptoms from motor dysfunctions to psychobehavioral manifestations. A common clinical course is the proteinopathy-induced neural dysfunction leading to anatomically corresponding neuropathies. However, current diagnostic criteria based on pathology and symptomatology are of little value for the sake of disease prevention and drug development. Overviewing the pathomechanism of NDs, this review incorporates systematic reviews on inflammatory cytokines and tryptophan metabolites kynurenines (KYNs) of human samples, to present an inferential method to explore potential links behind NDs. The results revealed increases of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotoxic KYNs in NDs, increases of anti-inflammatory cytokines in AD, PD, Huntington's disease (HD), Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders, and decreases of neuromodulatory KYNs in AD, PD, and HD. The results reinforced a strong link between inflammation and neurotoxic KYNs, confirmed activation of adaptive immune response, and suggested a possible role in the decrease of neuromodulatory KYNs, all of which may contribute to the development of chronic low grade inflammation. Commonalities of multifactorial NDs were discussed to present a current limit of diagnostic criteria, a need for preclinical biomarkers, and an approach to search the initiation factors of NDs.
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24
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Basisty N, Holtz A, Schilling B. Accumulation of "Old Proteins" and the Critical Need for MS-based Protein Turnover Measurements in Aging and Longevity. Proteomics 2020; 20:e1800403. [PMID: 31408259 PMCID: PMC7015777 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aging and age-related diseases are accompanied by proteome remodeling and progressive declines in cellular machinery required to maintain protein homeostasis (proteostasis), such as autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated degradation, and protein synthesis. While many studies have focused on capturing changes in proteostasis, the identification of proteins that evade these cellular processes has recently emerged as an approach to studying the aging proteome. With advances in proteomic technology, it is possible to monitor protein half-lives and protein turnover at the level of individual proteins in vivo. For large-scale studies, these technologies typically include the use of stable isotope labeling coupled with MS and comprehensive assessment of protein turnover rates. Protein turnover studies have revealed groups of highly relevant long-lived proteins (LLPs), such as the nuclear pore complexes, extracellular matrix proteins, and protein aggregates. Here, the role of LLPs during aging and age-related diseases and the methods used to identify and quantify their changes are reviewed. The methods available to conduct studies of protein turnover, used in combination with traditional proteomic methods, will enable the field to perform studies in a systems biology context, as changes in proteostasis may not be revealed in studies that solely measure differential protein abundances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anja Holtz
- The Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCAUSA
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25
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Truscott RJW, Friedrich MG. Molecular Processes Implicated in Human Age-Related Nuclear Cataract. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 60:5007-5021. [PMID: 31791064 PMCID: PMC7043214 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human age-related nuclear cataract is commonly characterized by four biochemical features that involve modifications to the structural proteins that constitute the bulk of the lens: coloration, oxidation, insolubility, and covalent cross-linking. Each of these is progressive and increases as the cataract worsens. Significant progress has been made in understanding the origin of the factors that underpin the loss of lens transparency. Of these four hallmarks of cataract, it is protein-protein cross-linking that has been the most intransigent, and it is only recently, with the advent of proteomic methodology, that mechanisms are being elucidated. A diverse range of cross-linking processes involving several amino acids have been uncovered. Although other hypotheses for the etiology of cataract have been advanced, it is likely that spontaneous decomposition of the structural proteins of the lens, which do not turn over, is responsible for the age-related changes to the properties of the lens and, ultimately, for cataract. Cataract may represent the first and best characterized of a number of human age-related diseases where spontaneous protein modification leads to ongoing deterioration and, ultimately, a loss of tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger J W Truscott
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - Michael G Friedrich
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Australia
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26
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Anisimova AS, Alexandrov AI, Makarova NE, Gladyshev VN, Dmitriev SE. Protein synthesis and quality control in aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:4269-4288. [PMID: 30562164 PMCID: PMC6326689 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the accumulation of damage and other deleterious changes, leading to the loss of functionality and fitness. Age-related changes occur at most levels of organization of a living organism (molecular, organellar, cellular, tissue and organ). However, protein synthesis is a major biological process, and thus understanding how it changes with age is of paramount importance. Here, we discuss the relationships between lifespan, aging, protein synthesis and translational control, and expand this analysis to the various aspects of proteome behavior in organisms with age. Characterizing the consequences of changes in protein synthesis and translation fidelity, and determining whether altered translation is pathological or adaptive is necessary for understanding the aging process, as well as for developing approaches to target dysfunction in translation as a strategy for extending lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra S Anisimova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia.,School of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Alexander I Alexandrov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia.,Bach Institute of Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Nadezhda E Makarova
- School of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia.,Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sergey E Dmitriev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia.,School of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia.,Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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27
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Liu P, Edassery SL, Ali L, Thomson BR, Savas JN, Jin J. Long-lived metabolic enzymes in the crystalline lens identified by pulse-labeling of mice and mass spectrometry. eLife 2019; 8:50170. [PMID: 31820737 PMCID: PMC6914337 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The lenticular fiber cells are comprised of extremely long-lived proteins while still maintaining an active biochemical state. Dysregulation of these activities has been implicated in diseases such as age-related cataracts. However, the lenticular protein dynamics underlying health and disease is unclear. We sought to measure the global protein turnover rates in the eye using nitrogen-15 labeling of mice and mass spectrometry. We measured the 14N/15N-peptide ratios of 248 lens proteins, including Crystallin, Aquaporin, Collagen and enzymes that catalyze glycolysis and oxidation/reduction reactions. Direct comparison of lens cortex versus nucleus revealed little or no 15N-protein contents in most nuclear proteins, while there were a broad range of 14N/15N ratios in cortex proteins. Unexpectedly, like Crystallins, many enzymes with relatively high abundance in nucleus were also exceedingly long-lived. The slow replacement of these enzymes in spite of young age of mice suggests their potential roles in age-related metabolic changes in the lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liu
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Seby Louis Edassery
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Laith Ali
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Benjamin R Thomson
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Jeffrey N Savas
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
| | - Jing Jin
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States
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28
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Anand T, Anbukkarasi M, Teresa PA, Thomas PA, Geraldine P. Evaluation of the Putative Efficacy of a Methanolic Extract of Ocimum Basilicum in Preventing Disruption of Structural Proteins in an in Vitro System of Selenite-induced Cataractogenesis. Curr Eye Res 2019; 45:696-704. [PMID: 31770036 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2019.1698054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate whether a methanolic extract of Ocimum basilicum (OB) leaves prevented lenticular protein alterations in an in-vitro model of selenite-induced cataractogenesis.Materials and Methods: Transparent lenses extirpated from Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control; selenite only; treated. Control lenses were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) alone, selenite only lenses were cultured in DMEM containing sodium selenite only (100 µM selenite/ml DMEM) and treated lenses were cultured in DMEM containing sodium selenite and the methanolic extract of OB leaves (200 µg of extract/ml DMEM); all lenses were cultured for 24 h and then processed. The parameters assessed in lenticular homogenates were lenticular protein sulfhydryl and carbonyl content, calcium level, insoluble to soluble protein ratio, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic (SDS-PAGE) patterns of lenticular proteins, and mRNA transcript and protein levels of αA-crystallin and βB1-crystallins.Results: Selenite only lenses exhibited alterations in all parameters assessed. Treated lenses exhibited values for these parameters that were comparable to those noted in normal control lenses.Conclusions: The methanolic extract of OB leaves prevented alterations in lenticular protein sulfhydryl and carbonyl content, calcium level, insoluble to soluble protein ratio, SDS-PAGE patterns of lenticular proteins, and expression of αA-crystallin and βB1-crystallin gene and proteins in cultured selenite-challenged lenses. OB may be further evaluated as a promising agent for the prevention of cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiraviyam Anand
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Muniyandi Anbukkarasi
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - P Archana Teresa
- Institute of Ophthalmology, Joseph Eye Hospital, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | | | - Pitchairaj Geraldine
- Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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29
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Kinoshita S, Sugawa H, Nanri T, Ohno RI, Shirakawa JI, Sato H, Katsuta N, Sakake S, Nagai R. Trapa bispinosa Roxb. and lutein ameliorate cataract in type 1 diabetic rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2019; 66:8-14. [PMID: 32001951 PMCID: PMC6983432 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Trapa bispinosa Roxb. is an annual aquatic grass of the citrus family. Although its hot water extract displays antioxidative activity in vitro, little is known about its biological effectiveness. In the present study, we evaluated the extract’s inhibitory effect on diabetic cataractogenesis and formation of advanced glycation end-product. Lutein, which is beneficial for eye diseases, was administered concurrently. For short-term administration, Trapa bispinosa Roxb. hot water extract and/or lutein were administered to type 1 diabetic rats. Nɛ-(carboxymethyl)lysine and Nɛ-(carboxyethyl)lysine were quantified in serum using mass spectrometry. The long-term administration study was similar to the short-term, except that the dosages were lower. In the short-term study, co-administration of the extract and lutein inhibited Nɛ-(carboxymethyl)lysine and Nɛ-(carboxyethyl)lysine in serum. However, in the long-term study, only lutein inhibited Nɛ-(carboxymethyl)lysine and Nɛ-(carboxyethyl)lysine in serum. These results suggest that lutein exerts its long-term effect regardless of the concentration administered, while the extract exerts its effect when its concentration is increased. Relative to the consumption of the control diet, oral intake of the combination of the extract and lutein significantly inhibited the progression of cataractogenesis in the lens of diabetic rats, even at low doses, and the combination was more effective than individual treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
| | - Hikari Sugawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Nanri
- Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nihonbashi Muromachi 1-13-7, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0022, Japan
| | - Rei-Ichi Ohno
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Shirakawa
- Department of Bioscience School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
| | - Hikari Sato
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
| | - Nana Katsuta
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
| | - Shiori Sakake
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
| | - Ryoji Nagai
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan.,Department of Bioscience School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Toroku 9-1-1, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8652, Japan
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30
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Francisqueti-Ferron FV, Ferron AJT, Garcia JL, Silva CCVDA, Costa MR, Gregolin CS, Moreto F, Ferreira ALA, Minatel IO, Correa CR. Basic Concepts on the Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-Derived 2-Like 2 (Nrf2) in Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133208. [PMID: 31261912 PMCID: PMC6651020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is one of the most important oxidative stress regulator in the human body. Once Nrf2 regulates the expression of a large number of cytoprotective genes, it plays a crucial role in the prevention of several diseases, including age-related disorders. However, the involvement of Nrf2 on these conditions is complex and needs to be clarified. Here, a brief compilation of the Nrf2 enrollment in the pathophysiology of the most common age-related diseases and bring insights for future research on the Nrf2 pathway is described. This review shows a controversial response of this transcriptional factor on the presented diseases. This reinforces the necessity of more studies to investigate modulation strategies for Nrf2, making it a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fernando Moreto
- Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Igor Otávio Minatel
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
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31
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Nakazawa Y, Ishimori N, Oguchi J, Nagai N, Kimura M, Funakoshi-Tago M, Tamura H. Coffee brew intake can prevent the reduction of lens glutathione and ascorbic acid levels in HFD-fed animals. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:1420-1425. [PMID: 30680023 PMCID: PMC6327644 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The lens has high concentrations of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) to maintain redox activity and prevent cataract formation, which is the leading cause of visual impairment worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is reported to be linked with a higher risk of age-associated cataract. As it was demonstrated previously that coffee consumption improved high-fat diet (HFD) -induced metabolic symptoms, it was hypothesized that coffee intake could delay the onset of obesity related-cataract; however, the effect of coffee consumption on this type of cataract remains unknown. Four-week-old male C57BL/6JJms SLC mice were divided into two groups and were provided ad libitum access to either a control diet (control groups) or a HFD (HFD groups). The control groups and HFD groups were further divided into three or four subgroups for each experiment. Coffee intake markedly reduced the increase in body weight in a roasting-time and concentration-dependent manner. Coffee consumption also prevented the HFD-induced decrease in the concentration of GSH and AsA, and treatment with pyrocatechol or caffeine also restored the reduction of antioxidant compounds. Plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly higher in HFD groups; however, coffee brew or coffee constituent treatment in the HFD-fed mice group prevented elevation of these levels. Caffeine is a major coffee component and pyrocatechol is generated thought the roasting process. These results revealed that caffeine and pyrocatechol in coffee brew may be the key constituents responsible for preventing the reduction of lens GSH and AsA in HFD-fed animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Nakazawa
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Nana Ishimori
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Jun Oguchi
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Noriaki Nagai
- Department of Advanced Design for Pharmaceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Masaki Kimura
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Megumi Funakoshi-Tago
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Tamura
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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32
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Savion N, Dahamshi S, Morein M, Kotev-Emeth S. S-Allylmercapro- N-Acetylcysteine Attenuates the Oxidation-Induced Lens Opacification and Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Death In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8010025. [PMID: 30654434 PMCID: PMC6357052 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of S-Allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine (ASSNAC) to protect human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells (line ARPE-19) and porcine lenses from oxidative stress was studied. Confluent ARPE-19 cultures were incubated with ASSNAC or N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) followed by exposure to oxidants and glutathione level and cell survival were determined. Porcine lenses were incubated with ASSNAC and then exposed to H2O2 followed by lens opacity measurement and determination of glutathione (reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG)) in isolated lens adhering epithelial cells (lens capsule) and fiber cells consisting the lens cortex and nucleus (lens core). In ARPE-19 cultures, ASSNAC (0.2 mM; 24 h) increased glutathione level by 2–2.5-fold with significantly higher increase in GSH compared to NAC treated cultures. Similarly, ex-vivo exposure of lenses to ASSNAC (1 mM) significantly reduced the GSSG level and prevented H2O2 (0.5 mM)-induced lens opacification. These results demonstrate that ASSNAC up-regulates glutathione level in RPE cells and protects them from oxidative stress-induced cell death as well as protects lenses from oxidative stress-induced opacity. Further validation of these results in animal models may suggest a potential use for ASSNAC as a protective therapy in retinal degenerative diseases as well as in attenuation of oxidative stress-induced lens opacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naphtali Savion
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute and Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 61390, Israel.
| | - Samia Dahamshi
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute and Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 61390, Israel.
| | - Milana Morein
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute and Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 61390, Israel.
| | - Shlomo Kotev-Emeth
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute and Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 61390, Israel.
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33
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Ramírez-Lamelas DT, Benlloch-Navarro S, López-Pedrajas R, Gimeno-Hernández R, Olivar T, Silvestre D, Miranda M. Lipoic Acid and Progesterone Alone or in Combination Ameliorate Retinal Degeneration in an Experimental Model of Hereditary Retinal Degeneration. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:469. [PMID: 29867476 PMCID: PMC5954235 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinopathies characterized by photoreceptors death. Our group has shown the positive progesterone (P4) actions on cell death progression in an experimental model of RP. In an effort to enhance the beneficial effects of P4, the aim of this study was to combine P4 treatment with an antioxidant [lipoic acid (LA)] in the rd1 mice. rd1 and control mice were treated with 100 mg/kg body weight of P4, LA, or a combination of both on postnatal day 7 (PN7), 9, and 11, and were sacrificed at PN11. The administration of LA and/or P4 diminishes cell death in rd1 retinas. The effect obtained after the combined administration of LA and P4 is higher than the one obtained with LA or P4 alone. The three treatments decreased GFAP staining, however, in the far peripheral retina, and the two treatments that offered better results were LA and LA plus P4. LA or LA plus P4 increased retinal glutathione (GSH) concentration in the rd1 mice. Although LA and P4 are able to protect photoreceptors from death in rd1 mice retinas, a better effectiveness is achieved when administering LA and P4 at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores T Ramírez-Lamelas
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Soledad Benlloch-Navarro
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa López-Pedrajas
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Roberto Gimeno-Hernández
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Olivar
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Silvestre
- Departamento Farmacia, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Miranda
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
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Lu B, Christensen IT, Ma LW, Yu T, Jiang LF, Wang CX, Feng L, Zhang JS, Yan QC, Wang XL. miR-211 regulates the antioxidant function of lens epithelial cells affected by age-related cataracts. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:349-353. [PMID: 29600165 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.03.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects and mechanism of miR-211 in mediating the antioxidant function of lens epithelial cells affected by age-related cataracts. METHODS Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect miR-211 expression in the anterior lens capsules of healthy people, the anterior lens capsules of patients with age-related cataracts, and human epithelial cell line (SRA01/04) cells exposed to oxidative stress. A 2', 7'-dichloro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe was used to measure the levels of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human lens epithelial cells (hLECs) exposed to 400 µmol/L H2O2 for 1h. SRA01/04 cells were transfected with either miR-211 mimics, mimic controls, miR-211 inhibitors or inhibitor controls. After 72h, these cells were exposed to 400 µmol/L H2O2 for 1h, then p53 and Bax mRNA expression were measured using RT-qPCR. p53 and Bax protein expression were also measured by Western blotting analysis. Finally, cell viability was assessed using an MTS assay. RESULTS Compared to the control group, expression of miR-211 in the anterior lens capsules of age-related cataract patients and in SRA01/04 cells exposed to oxidative stress was significantly increased (P<0.001). Levels of endogenous ROS were significantly elevated in hLECs exposed to oxidative stress (P<0.001). Compared to the mimic control group, the hLECs in the miR-211 mimic group expressed significantly higher levels of p53 and Bax mRNA and protein while cell viability was significantly reduced (P<0.001). Conversely, p53 and Bax mRNA and protein expression were significantly reduced in the miR-211 inhibitor group as compared to the control group, while the cells in this group had much higher levels of cell viability (P<0.001). CONCLUSION miR-211 is upregulated in the anterior lens capsules of age-related cataract patients. miR-211 decreased the antioxidative stress capacity of lens epithelial cells by upregulating p53 and Bax, while inhibiting cell proliferation and repair. This finding suggests that miR-211 may play a key role in the development of age-related cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Lens Research of Liaoning Province, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ian T Christensen
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA
| | - Li-Wei Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Lens Research of Liaoning Province, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ling-Feng Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Lens Research of Liaoning Province, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chun-Xia Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Lens Research of Liaoning Province, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Lens Research of Liaoning Province, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jin-Song Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Lens Research of Liaoning Province, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qi-Chang Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Lens Research of Liaoning Province, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin-Ling Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Lens Research of Liaoning Province, Eye Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning Province, China
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Abstract
Progressive loss of proteostasis is a hallmark of aging that is marked by declines in various components of proteostasis machinery, including: autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated degradation, protein synthesis, and others. While declines in proteostasis have historically been observed as changes in these processes, or as bulk changes in the proteome, recent advances in proteomic methodologies have enabled the comprehensive measurement of turnover directly at the level of individual proteins in vivo. These methods, which utilize a combination of stable-isotope labeling, mass spectrometry, and specialized software analysis, have now been applied to various studies of aging and longevity. Here we review the role of proteostasis in aging and longevity, with a focus on the proteomic methods available to conduct protein turnover in aging models and the insights these studies have provided thus far.
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Zhao J, Wu X, Wu D, Yu Y, Yu Y, Wang Y, Fu Q, Zhang J, Yao K. Embryonic Surface Ectoderm-specific Mitofusin 2 Conditional Knockout Induces Congenital Cataracts in Mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1522. [PMID: 29367651 PMCID: PMC5784114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited mitochondrial mutations can result in mitochondrial dysfunction or stochastic oxidative damage. Cumulative mitochondrial damage is an important factor in age-related disorders, such as cataracts and macular degeneration. Mfn2 mediates the fusion of mitochondria and contribute to the dynamic balance between fusion and fission that determines mitochondria morphology. We report here that conditional loss of Mfn2 function in the head surface ectoderm leads to a range of congenital eye defects, including small, opacified lens and small eyeball in the most severe phenotypes. The Le-Cre transgenic mouse line and Mfn2 flox mouse line were used in this study to generate Mfn2 conditional knockout mice. Our study revealed Mfn2 gene function in lens development and addressed the relationship between the mitochondria and lens transparency. Conditional loss of Mfn2 affected lens epithelium cell proliferation, apoptosis and ultrastructure of mitochondria. We conclude that proper development of the lens and lens transparency depend on normal Mfn2 gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangyue Zhao
- The Department of ophthalmology, Eye center of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,The Department of ophthalmology of the 4th Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110005, China
| | - Xinwei Wu
- The Department of ophthalmology of the 4th Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110005, China
| | - Danhong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yinhui Yu
- The Department of ophthalmology, Eye center of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yibo Yu
- The Department of ophthalmology, Eye center of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yao Wang
- The Department of ophthalmology, Eye center of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qiuli Fu
- The Department of ophthalmology, Eye center of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- The Department of ophthalmology of the 4th Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110005, China
| | - Ke Yao
- The Department of ophthalmology, Eye center of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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Michalczuk M, Urban B, Porowski T, Wasilewska A, Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk A. Citrate usage in the leading causes of blindness: new possibilities for the old metabolite. Metabolomics 2018; 14:82. [PMID: 29904332 PMCID: PMC5988790 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Citrate is an old metabolite which is best known for the role in the Krebs cycle. Citrate is widely used in many branches of medicine. In ophthalmology citrate is considered as a therapeutic agent and an useful diagnostic tool-biomarker. OBJECTIVES To summarize the published literature on citrate usage in the leading causes of blindness and highlight the new possibilities for this old metabolite. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of the scientific literature about citrate usage in ophthalmology up to January 2018. The reference lists of identified articles were searched for providing in-depth information. RESULTS This systematic review included 30 articles. The role of citrate in the leading causes of blindness is presented. CONCLUSIONS Citrate might help inhibit cataract progression, in case of questions confirm glaucoma diagnosis or improve cornea repair treatment as adjuvant agent (therapy of ulcerating cornea after alkali injury, crosslinking procedure). However, the knowledge about possible citrate usage in ophthalmology is not widely known. Promoting recent scientific knowledge about citrate usage in ophthalmology may not only benefit of medical improvement but may also limit economic costs caused by leading causes of blindness. Further studies on citrate usage in ophthalmology should continuously be the field of scientific interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Michalczuk
- Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Beata Urban
- Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274, Białystok, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Porowski
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Wasilewska
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274, Białystok, Poland
| | - Alina Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk
- Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274, Białystok, Poland
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Zhang N, Zhang C, Wang X, Qi Y. High-throughput sequencing reveals novel lincRNA in age-related cataract. Int J Mol Med 2017; 40:1829-1839. [PMID: 29039457 PMCID: PMC5716429 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related cataract (ARC) is a major cause of blindness. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a heterogeneous class of RNAs that are non-protein-coding transcripts >200 nucleotides in length. LncRNAs are involved in various critical biological processes, such as chromatin remodeling, gene transcription, and protein transport and trafficking. Furthermore, the dysregulation of lncRNAs causes a number of complex human diseases, including coronary artery diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurological disorders and various cancers. However, the role of lncRNA in cataract remains unclear. Therefore, in the present study, lens anterior capsular membrane was collected from normal subjects and patients with ARC and total RNA was extracted. High-throughput sequencing was applied to detect differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs. The analysis identified a total of 42,556 candidate differentially expressed mRNAs (27,447 +15,109) and a total of 7,041 candidate differentially expressed lncRNAs (4,146 + 2,895). Through bioinformatics analysis, the significant differential expression of novel lincRNA was observed and its possible molecular mechanism was explored. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the different expression levels of selected lncRNAs. These findings may lead to the development of novel strategies for genetic diagnosis and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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Ghrelin Protects Human Lens Epithelial Cells against Oxidative Stress-Induced Damage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1910450. [PMID: 29129986 PMCID: PMC5654336 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1910450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been recognized as an important mediator in the pathogenesis of age-related cataracts; using antioxidant supplements is one plausible strategy to protect the antioxidative defense system against oxidative stress. Ghrelin administration is expected to reduce ROS, preventing the onset of different diseases. The role of ghrelin, if any, in protecting against oxidative stress in HLECs has never been examined. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ghrelin against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and the associated molecular mechanisms in HLECs and rat lenses. The results showed that pretreatment with ghrelin reduced H2O2-induced cellular apoptosis and ROS accumulation, increased the expression levels of SOD and CAT, and decreased the expression level of MDA. The morphological examination showed that the ghrelin-treated lens organ culture maintained transparency. This is the first report to show that ghrelin can protect HLECs from H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Our findings suggest that ghrelin may prevent the progression of cataracts, which has treatment value for ophthalmologists.
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