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Atanasovska Velkovska M, Goričar K, Blagus T, Dolžan V, Cvenkel B. Association of Genetic Polymorphisms in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Pathways with Glaucoma Risk and Phenotype. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10051148. [PMID: 33803434 PMCID: PMC7967191 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10051148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of glaucoma. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms in inflammation and oxidative stress genes on the risk of glaucoma, the patients’ clinical characteristics and the glaucoma phenotype. In total, 307 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were enrolled. The control group included 339 healthy Slovenian blood donors. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood. Genotyping was performed for SOD2 rs4880, CAT rs1001179, GPX1 rs1050450, GSTP1 rs1695, GSTM1 gene deletion, GSTT1 gene deletion, IL1B rs1143623, IL1B rs16944, IL6 rs1800795 and TNF rs1800629. We found a nominally significant association of GSTM1 gene deletion with decreased risk of ocular hypertension and a protective role of IL1B rs16944 and IL6 rs1800629 in the risk of glaucoma. The CT and TT genotypes of GPX1 rs1050450 were significantly associated with advanced disease, lower intraocular pressure and a larger vertical cup–disc ratio. In conclusion, genetic variability in IL1B and IL6 may be associated with glaucoma risk, while GPX and TNF may be associated with the glaucoma phenotype. In the future, improved knowledge of these pathways has the potential for new strategies and personalised treatment of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katja Goričar
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.G.); (T.B.); (V.D.)
| | - Tanja Blagus
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.G.); (T.B.); (V.D.)
| | - Vita Dolžan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.G.); (T.B.); (V.D.)
| | - Barbara Cvenkel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-(40)-233-462
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Pagnotta PA, Melito VA, Lavandera JV, Parera VE, Rossetti MV, Zuccoli JR, Buzaleh AM. Role of ABCB1 and glutathione S-transferase gene variants in the association of porphyria cutanea tarda and human immunodeficiency virus infection. Biomed Rep 2020; 14:22. [PMID: 33335728 PMCID: PMC7739863 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In Argentina, porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is strongly associated with infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); however, whether the onset of this disease is associated with HIV infection and/or the antiretroviral therapy has not been determined. The ABCB1 gene variants c.1236C>T, c.2677G>T/A and c.3435C>T affect drug efflux. The GSTT1 null, GSTM1 null and GSTP1 (c.313A>G) gene variants alter Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, modifying the levels of xenobiotics. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of genetic variants in initiation of PCT and to analyze the genetic basis of the PCT-HIV association. Control individuals, and HIV, PCT and PCT-HIV patients were recruited, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to genotype the ABCB1 and GSTP1 variants, and multiplex PCR was used to study the GSTM1 and GSTT1 variants. The high frequency of c.3435C>T (PCT and PCT-HIV) and c.1236C>T (PCT) suggested that the onset of PCT were not specifically related to HIV infection or antiretroviral therapy for these variants. c.2677G>T/A frequencies in the PCT-HIV patients were higher compared with the other groups, suggesting that a mechanism involving antiretroviral therapy served a role in this association. PCT-HIV patients also had a high frequency of GSTT1 null and low frequency for GSTM1 null variants; thus, the genetic basis for PCT onset may involve a combination between the absence of GSTT1 and the presence of GSTM1. In conclusion, genes encoding for proteins involved in the flow and metabolism of xenobiotics may influence the PCT-HIV association. The present study is the first to investigate the possible role of GST and ABCB1 gene variants in the triggering of PCT in HIV-infected individuals, to the best of our knowledge, and may provide novel insights into the molecular basis of the association between PCT and HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Ayelén Pagnotta
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina-National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Buenos Aires 1120, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Viviana Alicia Melito
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina-National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Buenos Aires 1120, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Jimena Verónica Lavandera
- Cátedra de Bromatología y Nutrición, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina
| | - Victoria Estela Parera
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina-National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Buenos Aires 1120, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Rossetti
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina-National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Buenos Aires 1120, Argentina
| | - Johanna Romina Zuccoli
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina-National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Buenos Aires 1120, Argentina
| | - Ana Maria Buzaleh
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Porfirinas y Porfirias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina-National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Buenos Aires 1120, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
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