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Noormohammadpour P, Ghadimi E, Memari A, Selk-Ghaffari M, Ali Mansournia M, Kordi R. Investigating the Relationship between Structural Features of Built Environment and Physical Activity using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Int J Prev Med 2023; 14:89. [PMID: 37854982 PMCID: PMC10580202 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_285_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Built environment determinants of engaging in physical activity are dependent on the properties of societies. This study investigates the relationship between structural variables of the environment using geographic information systems (GIS) and the level of physical activity in 22 districts of Tehran. Methods This cross-sectional study was based on Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool (Urban HEART-2). Physical activity level was assessed via the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). The characteristics of the neighborhood environment, including land use, street pattern, population density, and traffic, were determined via ArcGIS software. Walkability index (population density, street pattern, land use) was calculated to assess the effect of the main variables of living environment on physical activity level. Results Among the built environmental variables, land use was associated with the total physical activity and travel-related physical activity level (r: 0.155, P value: 0.001, and r: 0.122, P value: 0.007, respectively). The walkability index indicated an association with the total physical activity level and travel-related physical activity level (r: 0.126, P value: 0.006, and r: 0.135, P value: 0.001, respectively). Higher levels of the walkability index were associated with an improved level of physical activity (OR: 2.04). Conclusions Walkability index and land use positively correlate with total physical activity level, and providing action plans that improve walkability index and land use might lead to increased physical activity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Noormohammadpour
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ehsan Ghadimi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Memari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Selk-Ghaffari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Kordi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Spine Center of Excellence, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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HALABCHI FARZIN, MAHDAVIANI BEHNAZ, TAZESH BEHNAZ, SHAB-BIDAR SAKINEH, SELK-GHAFFARI MARYAM. Association between physical activity and risk of COVID-19 infection or clinical outcomes of the patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2023; 64:E123-E136. [PMID: 37654858 PMCID: PMC10468187 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2023.64.2.2625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has caused serious consequences for global health and economy. The important question is whether the level of physical activity might influence the risk of COVID-19 incidence or clinical outcomes, including the severity or mortality of infected patients. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between sufficient physical activity and incidence, hospitalization, severity, recovery, and mortality of COVID-19. Methods A systematic search of Web of Sciences, PubMed, and Scopus between December 2019 and November 2021 was conducted. Studies were screened based on the inclusion criteria, i.e. observational studies (case-control, prospective or retrospective longitudinal designs, and cross-sectional studies) which have determined the association of physical activity, exercise, sports participation, or sedentary behavior with COVID-19 incidence or outcomes, including mortality, severity, recovery and hospitalization in healthy population or population with any specific comorbidity. Results Based on eligibility criteria, 27 articles were finally included in the qualitative synthesis. The meta-analysis of five studies evaluating the association of physical activity and COVID-19 mortality showed a weighted OR of OR of 0.61 (CI 95%: 0.50-0.75) with heterogeneity (I2 = 45.8%, P < 0.001) and in seven studies regarding physical activity and COVID-19 hospitalization, weighted OR was 0.541 (CI 95%: 0.491-0.595) with heterogeneity (I2 = 81.7%, P < 0.001). Conclusion Participating in sufficient physical activity might decrease COVID-19 related COVID-19-related hospitalization and mortality. Developing programs to increase physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic might be an appropriate health strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- FARZIN HALABCHI
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - BEHNAZ MAHDAVIANI
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - BEHNAZ TAZESH
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - SAKINEH SHAB-BIDAR
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MARYAM SELK-GHAFFARI
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Selk-Ghaffari M, Nakhostin-Ansari A, Oskouie IM, Gilvaei YM, Mahdaviani B, Gholami-Mehrabadi M, Kordi R. Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Persian Version of the Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:265-271. [PMID: 36780903 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire (LTPAQ) for use in Persian-speaking countries as well as evaluate its validity and reliability. METHODS There were 3 stages to this study. First, a forward-backward translation method was used to develop a Persian version of the LTPAQ. In the second stage, the Persian version of the LTPAQ was evaluated for its face validity and content validity. Finally, test-retest reliability and known-group validity were assessed. The LTPAQ has occupational and volunteer activities, including travel to work, exercise and sports, and household activities. Frequency, duration, and estimated metabolic costs of activities with light, moderate, and heavy intensities were used to calculate the metabolic equivalent of each domain during life (in metabolic equivalent-hour/week). Metabolic equivalents of each domain and in total were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. RESULTS In total, 60 people (41.7% females) with a mean age of 33.9 (SD = 11.5) years participated in this study. All domains showed excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient > .9). All items had content validity indexes higher than 0.85. In addition, males had significantly higher physical activity levels than females (P = .022), indicating the known-group validity of the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS The LTPAQ was translated into Persian and trans-culturally adapted. This study indicates that the Persian version of the LTPAQ has adequate reliability and validity and can be utilized in future studies to assess physical activity in the Persian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Selk-Ghaffari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Amin Nakhostin-Ansari
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Iman Menbari Oskouie
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Yasamin Maleki Gilvaei
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Exceptional Talents Development Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Behnaz Mahdaviani
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Maedeh Gholami-Mehrabadi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Ramin Kordi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
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Physical Inactivity and Food Insecurity Are Associated with Social Capital: A Large-Scale Population-Based Study in Tehran. ScientificWorldJournal 2022; 2022:5410611. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/5410611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. There are limited studies on food security, physical activity, and social capital in the Iranian population. This study aimed to evaluate the social capital’s associations with physical inactivity and food insecurity in a large-scale study in Iran, Urban HEART-2. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 22 districts of Tehran, the capital of Iran. Residents of Tehran who were 15 years or older were selected by a multi-stage, stratified, and random sampling method. Food insecurity and physical activity were evaluated using Household Food Security Scale and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, respectively, and their associations with social capital were evaluated. Results. A total of 5030 individuals were included in this study, with 3139 (62.4%) males. The mean age of participants was 44.08 years (SD = 16.33, range = 15–90). Participation in social events (OR = 0.893, 95% CI = 0.819–0.974,
= 0.011), social network (OR = 0.849, 95% CI = 0.786,
< 0.001), and voluntary activities (OR = 0.865, 95% CI = 0.812–0.921,
< 0.001) were all negatively associated with food insecurity. Also, voluntary activities (OR = 0.823, 95% CI = 0.776–0.872,
< 0.001) and participation in the associations activities (OR = 0.665, 95% CI = 0.582–0.759,
< 0.001) were negatively associated with physical inactivity. Conclusion. The prevalence of food insecurity and physical inactivity is relatively high among Tehran residents. As a factor affecting the physical activity and food security, social capital can be targeted in interventions to improve physical activity and food security among Iranians.
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Selk-Ghaffari M, Hassanmirzaei B, Nakhostin-Ansari A, Mahdaviani B, Khonji MS, Aghajani R, Gholami-Mehrabadi M, Khosravi A, Kordi R. Conceptualization and development of a questionnaire to determine physical activity barriers. Phys Act Nutr 2022; 26:17-21. [PMID: 35982625 PMCID: PMC9395253 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2022.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Considering the role of physical activity on public health and the high prevalence of physical inactivity worldwide, determining physical activity barriers is critical and will be a road map for future planning. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive questionnaire to determine physical activity barriers.[Methods] By reviewing previous studies, the main domains of the questionnaire were established. A physical activity expert interviewed 20 individuals aged 18 to 65 years. The results were evaluated by an expert panel for a content validity index. Face validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency were established on 204 individuals.[Results] The content validity index in all items was within the acceptable range (>0.85). Face validity was appropriate, and the misunderstanding index was < 20% in all items. Test-retest reliability in the final questionnaire in all items based on Cohen’s kappa was > 0.20, indicating fair agreement. Internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.63 was within the acceptable range.[Conclusion] The study revealed that the newly designed survey is valid, accurate, and reliable. The use of this comprehensive tool by policymakers would help them properly identify the perceived barriers, and thus perform better physical activity interventions as promotional health programs.
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