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Nakyonyi MG, Birungi N, Mwesigwa CL, Åstrøm AN. Use of dental care services among adolescents living with HIV on antiretroviral treatment in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:654. [PMID: 38835044 PMCID: PMC11149271 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and socio-behavioral determinants of ever-use of dental care services among adolescents aged 10-18 years, living with HIV, on Antiretroviral treatment (ART), and attending selected HIV clinics in Kampala, Uganda. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out between March and September 2020. The study conveniently recruited 154 adolescents between 10 and 18 years old from 4 specific HIV clinics in Kampala. Andersen's behavioral model guided the selection of variables, with the ever-use of dental care services as the outcome and predisposing, enabling, need-related factors and personal dental health practices as exposure variables. Data were analyzed using Fischer's exact test for cross-tabulation and modified Poisson regression for multivariate analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of ever-use of dental care services was 12.3%. The adolescents aged 14-18 had higher odds of using dental care services (Prevalence ratio (PR) of 3.35 than those aged 10-13 years. Fear of the spread of HIV was negatively associated with ever-use of dental care services (PR of 0.06). Participants who were afraid of going to the dentist had higher odds of using dental care services (PR of 2.98) than those not afraid. Failure to receive dental treatment because it was not part of the medical appointment had a positive association with the ever-use of dental care services (PR of 4.50). Those who were satisfied with their dental condition had lower odds of using dental care services. The bad oral odor was positively associated with the ever-use of dental care services (PR of 2.80). The use of soap for toothbrushing was positively associated with the ever-use of dental care services (PR of 2.51). CONCLUSION The study found a low frequency of dental care use among HIV-infected adolescents in Kampala, Uganda, with age being a predisposing factor. Enabling factors included fear of HIV spread, medical-dental appointment incoordination, and satisfaction with the dental condition and bad oral odor while under personal dental health practices. The use of soap for toothbrushing was an important association with dental care. Nevertheless, these study results cannot be generalized to the entire HIV adolescent population in Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gorretti Nakyonyi
- Center of International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- School of Dentistry, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Nancy Birungi
- Oral Health Center of Expertise, in Vestland County, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm
- Institute of Odontology, University of Bergen-Department of Global Oral Health, Bergen, Norway
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Nakyonyi MG, Birungi N, Mwesigwa CL, Åstrøm AN. Use of dental care services among adolescents living with HIV on Antiretroviral Treatment in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3833085. [PMID: 38343817 PMCID: PMC10854281 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3833085/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Objective The main purpose of this study to assess the prevalence and socio-behavioural determinants of ever-use of dental care services among the adolescents aged 10-18 years, living with HIV on Antiretroviral treatment (ART), attending selected HIV clinics in Kampala, Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out between March and September 2020. The study conveniently recruited 154 adolescents between 10-18 years from 4 specific HIV clinics in Kampala. The Andersen's behavioral model guided the selection of variables in terms of ever use of dental care services as the outcome- and predisposing, enabling, need related factors and dental health related behavior as exposure variables. Data was analyzed using Fischer's exact test for cross-tabulation and modified Poisson regression for multivariate analysis. Results The prevalence of ever-use of dental care services was 12.3%. The adolescents aged 14-18 years were more likely to have used dental care services (Prevalence ratio (PR) of 3.35 (Confidence Interval (CI) 1.48-7.59) than those aged 10-13 years. Fear of spread of HIV was negatively associated with ever-use of dental care services (PR of 0.06 and CI of (0.01-0.44). Participants who were afraid of going to the dentist were more likely to have ever used dental care services (PR of 2.98 and CI of 1.41-6.30) than those not afraid. Failure to receive dental treatment because it was not part of the medical appointment had a positive association with ever-use of dental care services (PR of 4.50 (CI: 1.14-17.80). Those who were satisfied with their dental condition were less likely to have ever-used dental care services (PR of 0.21 and CI of (0.05-0.94). Bad oral odor was positively associated with ever-use of dental care services with a PR of 2.80 and CI of 1.19-6.60. Use of soap for toothbrushing was positively associated with ever-use of dental care services (PR of 2.51, CI of 1.47-4.28). Conclusion The study found low frequency of dental care use among HIV infected adolescents in Kampala, Uganda, with age being a predisposing factor. Enabling factors included fear of HIV spread, dental appointment failure, and satisfaction with dental condition and bad oral odor while under personal oral hygiene and dental practices, use of soap for toothbrushing was an important association of use of dental care.
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Osuh ME, Oke GA, Lilford RJ, Owoaje E, Harris B, Taiwo OJ, Yeboah G, Abiona T, Watson SI, Hemming K, Quinn L, Chen YF. Prevalence and determinants of oral health conditions and treatment needs among slum and non-slum urban residents: Evidence from Nigeria. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2:e0000297. [PMID: 36962169 PMCID: PMC10021815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Oral diseases constitute a neglected epidemic in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). An understanding of its distribution and severity in different settings can aid the planning of preventive and therapeutic services. This study assessed the oral health conditions, risk factors, and treatment needs among adult residents in the slum and compared findings with non-slum urban residents in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Multistage sampling was used to select adult (≥18-years) residents from a slum and a non-slum urban sites. Information sought from participants included dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and the use of dental services. Oral examinations were performed in line with WHO guidelines. Associations were examined using logistic regression. Mediation analysis was undertaken using generalized structural equation modeling. The sample comprised 678 slum and 679 non-slum residents. Median age in slum vs non-slum was 45 (IQR:32-50) versus 38 (IQR:29-50) years. Male: female ratio was 1:2 in both sites. Prevalence of oral diseases (slum vs non-slum sites): dental caries (27% vs 23%), gingival bleeding (75% vs 53%) and periodontal pocket (23% vs 16%). The odds of having dental caries were 21% higher for the slum dwellers compared to non-slum residents (OR = 1.21, 95% CI:0.94 to 1.56); and 50% higher for periodontal pocket (OR = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.98), after adjusting for age and sex. There was little evidence that tooth cleaning frequency mediated the relationship between place of residence and caries (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.87 to 1.03 [indirect effect], 38% mediated) or periodontal pocket (OR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.86 to 1.04, 15% mediated). Thirty-five percent and 27% of residents in the slum and non-slum sites respectively required the "prompt and urgent" levels of treatment need. Oral diseases prevalence in both settings are high and the prevalence was generally higher in the slum with correspondingly higher levels of prompt and urgent treatment needs. Participants may benefit from targeted therapeutic and health promotion intervention services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Osuh
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Gbemisola A Oke
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Richard J Lilford
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Eme Owoaje
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bronwyn Harris
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Olalekan John Taiwo
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Godwin Yeboah
- Warwick Information and Digital Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Taiwo Abiona
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel I Watson
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Karla Hemming
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Laura Quinn
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Yen-Fu Chen
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Awotile AO, Oyapero A, Adenuga-Taiwo OA, Enone LL, Menakaya IN, Loto AO. Patients’ Management Patterns for Restorative Treatment Procedures: A 4-Year Overview at the Restorative Clinic of a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria. PESQUISA BRASILEIRA EM ODONTOPEDIATRIA E CLÍNICA INTEGRADA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/pboci.2022.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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