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Bi M, Qin Y, Wang L, Zhang J. The protective role of resveratrol in diabetic wound healing. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5193-5204. [PMID: 37767805 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds are severe complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), which have difficulty in healing. Although diverse treatments have been used, the prognosis of diabetic wounds is not satisfactory; therefore, an effective therapy to accelerate diabetic wound healing is urgently needed. In our review, we summarized that resveratrol can promote diabetic wound healing by protecting against hyperglycemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular pathology, infection, and peripheral neuropathy. To clarify it clearly, we highlighted its underlying mechanisms of protective effects of resveratrol against diabetic wounds, and high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish its clinical efficacy. Otherwise, with the development of material sciences, resveratrol can exert its therapeutic effectiveness efficiently; however, more high-quality studies are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of resveratrol on diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglei Bi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Qin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lerong Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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2
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Qian L, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SM, Athari SS. Mitochondria signaling pathways in allergic asthma. J Investig Med 2022; 70:863-882. [PMID: 35168999 PMCID: PMC9016245 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria, as the powerhouse organelle of cells, are greatly involved in regulating cell signaling pathways, including those related to the innate and acquired immune systems, cellular differentiation, growth, death, apoptosis, and autophagy as well as hypoxic stress responses in various diseases. Asthma is a chronic complicated airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and remodeling of airway. The asthma mortality and morbidity rates have increased worldwide, so understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma progression is necessary for new anti-asthma drug development. The lung is an oxygen-rich organ, and mitochondria, by sensing and processing O2, contribute to the generation of ROS and activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Asthma pathophysiology has been tightly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to reduced ATP synthase activity, increased oxidative stress, apoptosis induction, and abnormal calcium homeostasis. Defects of the mitochondrial play an essential role in the pro-remodeling mechanisms of lung fibrosis and airway cells’ apoptosis. Identification of mitochondrial therapeutic targets can help repair mitochondrial biogenesis and dysfunction and reverse related pathological changes and lung structural remodeling in asthma. Therefore, we here overviewed the relationship between mitochondrial signaling pathways and asthma pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | | | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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3
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Agah S, Akbari A, Sadeghi E, Morvaridzadeh M, Basharat Z, Palmowski A, Heshmati J. Resveratrol supplementation and acute pancreatitis: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111268. [PMID: 33493966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic ingredient extracted from herbs, suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation. We performed a comprehensive review to find any evidence about the effects of Resveratrol on acute pancreatitis (AP). Resveratrol has been found to directly impact cytokine generation. As these factors play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of AP, resveratrol might attenuate AP and its complications. Mechanistically, resveratrol exerts its pharmacological effects through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms via interaction with different signaling molecules and transcription factors. Indeed, resveratrol might prove to be an effective therapeutic component for AP treatment in the future. In this review, we shed light on potential most recent pathways through which resveratrol might impact the management and control of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Agah
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Sadeghi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zarrin Basharat
- Jamil-ur-Rahman Center for Genome Research, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Andriko Palmowski
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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4
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Wu LH, Huang BR, Lai SW, Lin C, Lin HY, Yang LY, Lu DY. SIRT1 activation by minocycline on regulation of microglial polarization homeostasis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:17990-18007. [PMID: 33021962 PMCID: PMC7585093 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been reported to be involved in the mechanisms underlying longevity and has also been indicated as a valuable regulator of age-related neurological disorders. Some natural products increase SIRT1 activity and stimulate deacetylation of various proteins. In the present study, SIRT1 overexpression by genetic modification or treatment with SIRT1 activators significantly inhibited the secretion of nitric oxide and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, and proinflammatory mediator-interleukin 1β-in microglia. SIRT1 activation also decreased the levels of K379 acetyl-p53 and the protein inhibitor of activated Stat 1 expression in microglial cells. In addition, it dramatically promoted M2 polarization of microglia, which enhanced cell motility and altered phagocytic ability. We also used minocycline, a well-known inhibitor of microglial activation, to study the mechanism of SIRT1 signaling. Minocycline treatment decreased neuroinflammatory responses and promoted M2 polarization of microglia. It also reduced the acetyl-p53 level in the brain tissues in an inflammatory mouse model. Our findings demonstrated that SIRT1 participates in the maintenance of microglial polarization homeostasis and that minocycline exerts regulatory effects on SIRT1 activation. Therefore, our results indicate that SIRT1 activation may be a useful therapeutic target for the treatment of neuroinflammation-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Hsuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Ren Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Wei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chingju Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Laboratory for Neural Repair, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,Biomedical Technology R&D Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Li Y, Xi Y, Tao G, Xu G, Yang Z, Fu X, Liang Y, Qian J, Cui Y, Jiang T. Sirtuin 1 activation alleviates primary biliary cholangitis via the blocking of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106386. [PMID: 32193100 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This report sought to establish the mechanistic role of sirtuin-1 (Sirt1), a NAD+-dependent deacetylase in the modulation of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) pathogenesis. 64 PBC patients (diagnosed based on practice guidelines for American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases) and 60 healthy controls were included in this study. Clinically, the mRNA expression level of Sirt1 in macrophages differentiated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of PBC subjects substantially decreased when compared with the healthy controls but not in other Sirt family genes (Sirt2-7). Consistent with clinical results, a PBC murine model showed that levels of Sirt1 significantly decreased in the liver and Kupffer cells of mice treated with polyinosinic/polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) for 16 weeks. A TAK1 inhibitor (NG25) prevented the poly I:C-induced Sirt1 protein level decreasing in Kupffer cells but not MAPK inhibitor. Sirt1 activators resveratrol (RSV) and SRT1720 (SRT) ameliorated poly I:C-induced hepatic injury observed via histopathologic analysis and decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in the PBC murine model. Furthermore, Sirt1 activators significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines levels such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in serum in poly I:C-induced mice. In addition, Sirt1 activators significantly inhibited the phosphorylated and acetylated levels of the RelA/p65 subunit of the nuclear transcription factor (NF-κB) but not the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 3 in poly I:C-injured mice livers. Significantly, RSV improved the interaction between Sirt1 and p65, which may contribute to the decreased activity of NF-κB. In summary, the Sirt1 signaling pathway plays an essential role in the development of PBC and this may represent a novel approach and target for the treatment of PBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First People's Hospital of Taicang, Taicang Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University, Taicang 215400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhai Xi
- Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Guohua Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First People's Hospital of Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Institution of Laboratory Medicine of Changshu, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zaixing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingli Fu
- Jiangsu University Health Science Center, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Jianping Qian
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Institution of Laboratory Medicine of Changshu, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhong Cui
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Institution of Laboratory Medicine of Changshu, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingwang Jiang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Institution of Laboratory Medicine of Changshu, Changshu 215500, Jiangsu, China.
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Potential Involvement of Peripheral Leptin/STAT3 Signaling in the Effects of Resveratrol and Its Metabolites on Reducing Body Fat Accumulation. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111757. [PMID: 30441779 PMCID: PMC6265754 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols have increased in importance in recent years, and among them, resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) has generated great interest as an anti-obesity agent. Recent investigations have highlighted the importance of leptin signaling in lipid metabolism in peripheral organs. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate whether resveratrol can reduce fat accumulation in peripheral tissues by increasing their leptin sensitivity and (2) to identify which resveratrol-derived circulating metabolites are potentially involved in these metabolic effects. Serum leptin levels and the leptin signaling pathway were assessed in diet-induced obese rats. Moreover, serum metabolites of resveratrol were studied by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MSn). The daily consumption of 200 mg/kg of resveratrol, but not doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, reduced body weight and fat accumulation in obese rats and restored leptin sensitivity in the periphery. These effects were due to increases in sirtuin 1 activity in the liver, leptin receptors in muscle and protection against endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress in adipose tissue. In general, the resveratrol metabolites associated with these beneficial effects were derived from both phase II and microbiota metabolism, although only those derived from microbiota increased proportionally with the administered dose of resveratrol. In conclusion, resveratrol reversed leptin resistance caused by diet-induced obesity in peripheral organs using tissue-specific mechanisms.
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Resveratrol long-term treatment differentiates INS-1E beta-cell towards improved glucose response and insulin secretion. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:337-345. [PMID: 30310992 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2215-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The clonal INS-1E beta-cell line has proven to be instrumental for numerous studies investigating the mechanisms of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The composition of its culture medium has not changed over the years, although some compounds have been recently highlighted for their effects on tissue differentiation. The present study investigated the effects of long-term treatment of INS-1E cells with 1 μM resveratrol on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, testing an extended glucose dose response. The data demonstrate that chronic exposure to low-dose resveratrol expands the range of the glucose dose response of INS-1E cells beyond 15 mM glucose. We also assessed whether such beneficial effects could be retained after resveratrol withdrawal from the culture medium. This was not the case as INS-1E cells deprived of resveratrol returned to the phenotype of naïve cells, i.e., exhibiting a plateau phase at 15 mM glucose. Of note, although resveratrol has antioxidant properties, it cannot substitute for β-mercaptoethanol normally present in the medium of INS-1E cells as a reducing agent. In conclusion, the addition of resveratrol as a standard component of the culture medium of INS-1E cells improves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
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8
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Significant metabolic improvement by a water extract of olives: animal and human evidence. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:2545-2560. [PMID: 30094646 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1807-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dyslipidemia and impaired glucose metabolism are the main health issues of growing prevalence and significant high healthcare cost, requiring novel prevention and/or therapeutic approaches. Epidemiological and animal studies revealed that olive oil is an important dietary constituent, inducing normolipidemia. However, no studies have specifically investigated the polyphenol-rich water extract of olives (OLWPE), generated during olive oil production. METHODS In the present work, we initially examined the effect of OLPWE on animals' metabolic parameters. Rats fed with a high-fat diet were treated with three different doses of OLPWE for 4 months. Additionally, bioavailability was explored. Afterwards, OLWPE's metabolic effect was explored in humans. Healthy volunteers consumed microencapsulated OLWPE for 4 weeks, in a food matrix [one portion (30 g) of a meat product]. RESULTS High-fat-fed rats developed a metabolic dysfunction, with increased LDL and insulin levels and decreased HDL; this syndrome was significantly impaired when treated with OLWPE. Treated rats had increased total plasma antioxidant capacity, while several phenolic compounds were detected in their blood. These findings were also verified in humans that consumed OLWPE, daily, for 4 weeks. Interestingly, in individuals with elements of cardio-metabolic risk, OLWPE consumption resulted in reduced glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, LDL and oxLDL levels. CONCLUSIONS Our data clearly show that OLWPE can improve glucose and lipid profile, indicating its possible use in the design of functional food and/or therapeutic interventions.
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Resveratrol alleviates FFA and CCl4 induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells via restoring endoplasmic reticulum stress. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43799-43809. [PMID: 28415630 PMCID: PMC5546441 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell apoptosis often induces inflammation and injury in the liver, with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as the most possible reason. Resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to prevent hepatic steatosis and alleviate apoptosis, however, the exact mechanisms underlying the effects still need to be explored. Here we co-cultured HepG2 cells with free fatty acid (FFA) solution (oleic acid: palmitic acid = 2:1) and then exposed to a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) solution to induce apoptosis. To evaluate the therapeutic effects, RSV (2.5 μM, 5 μM, 10 μM) was added to the cells. Results showed that HepG2 cells co-cultured with FFA exhibited lipid infiltration and were susceptible to apoptosis upon exposure to the CCl4 solution. The expression of molecules related to apoptosis (Caspases, Bcl-2/Bax) and ER stress (GRP78, IRE1, ATF6, PERK, et al.) was all significantly decreased upon RSV treatment. We further inhibited GRP78 by siRNA, results showed that the anti-apoptotic effect of RSV still maintained under GRP78 siRNA condition. Our data demonstrated that lipid accumulated HepG2 cells were susceptible to injury, and RSV could improve apoptosis in FFA and CCl4 stressed cells, which partially via restoring ER function.
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Li J, Yu H, Wang S, Wang W, Chen Q, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Wang T. Natural products, an important resource for discovery of multitarget drugs and functional food for regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:121-135. [PMID: 29391777 PMCID: PMC5768189 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s151860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Imbalanced hepatic glucose homeostasis is one of the critical pathologic events in the development of metabolic syndromes (MSs). Therefore, regulation of imbalanced hepatic glucose homeostasis is important in drug development for MS treatment. In this review, we discuss the major targets that regulate hepatic glucose homeostasis in human physiologic and pathophysiologic processes, involving hepatic glucose uptake, glycolysis and glycogen synthesis, and summarize their changes in MSs. Recent literature suggests the necessity of multitarget drugs in the management of MS disorder for regulation of imbalanced glucose homeostasis in both experimental models and MS patients. Here, we highlight the potential bioactive compounds from natural products with medicinal or health care values, and focus on polypharmacologic and multitarget natural products with effects on various signaling pathways in hepatic glucose metabolism. This review shows the advantage and feasibility of discovering multicompound-multitarget drugs from natural products, and providing a new perspective of ways on drug and functional food development for MSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Phytochemistry, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Sijian Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Wei Wang
- Internal Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Yanmin Ma
- Department of Phytochemistry, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
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11
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Oh YS, Seo E, Park K, Jun HS. Compound 19e, a Novel Glucokinase Activator, Protects against Cytokine-Induced Beta-Cell Apoptosis in INS-1 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:169. [PMID: 28405188 PMCID: PMC5370240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, compound 19e, a novel heteroaryl-containing benzamide derivative, was identified as a potent glucokinase activator (GKA) and showed a glucose-lowering effect in diabetic mice. In this study, the anti-apoptotic actions of 19e were evaluated in INS-1 pancreatic beta-cells co-treated with TNF-α and IL-1β to induce cell death. Compound 19e protected INS-1 cells from cytokine-induced cell death, and the effect was similar to treatment with another GKA or exendin-4. Compound 19e reduced annexin-V stained cells and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein, as well as upregulated the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 protein. Compound 19e inhibited apoptotic signaling via induction of the ATP content, and the effect was correlated with the downregulation of nuclear factor-κB p65 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Further, 19e increased NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) deacetylase activity, and the anti-apoptotic effect of 19e was attenuated by SIRT1 inhibitor or SIRT1 siRNA treatment. Our results demonstrate that the novel GKA, 19e, prevents cytokine-induced beta-cell apoptosis via SIRT1 activation and has potential as a therapeutic drug for the preservation of pancreatic beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sin Oh
- College of Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon UniversityIncheon, South Korea; Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil HospitalIncheon, South Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji UniversitySeongnam, South Korea
| | - Eunhui Seo
- College of Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kaapjoo Park
- Yuhan Research Institute Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon UniversityIncheon, South Korea; Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil HospitalIncheon, South Korea; College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon UniversityIncheon, South Korea
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12
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Ginés C, Cuesta S, Kireev R, García C, Rancan L, Paredes SD, Vara E, Tresguerres JAF. Protective effect of resveratrol against inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in pancreas of aged SAMP8 mice. Exp Gerontol 2017; 90:61-70. [PMID: 28130161 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a physiological state in which a progressive decline in organ functions is accompanied by the development of age-related diseases. Resveratrol supplementation has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various mammalian models of aging. Senescence-accelerated mice (SAM) are commonly used as animal models to investigate the aging process. In the present study, the effects of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in pancreas of two different types of SAM (SAMR1 or resistant to aging, and SAMP8 or prone to aging) have been analysed, as well as the effect of resveratrol administration (5mg/kg/day) on these parameters in the SAMP8 strain. mRNA expressions of sirtuin 1 and FoxO factors were found to be decreased with aging in SAMP8 mice. An increase in inflammatory status and nuclear-factor kappa B (NFκB) protein expression was also observed in old mice, together with a decrease of anti-apoptotic markers and antioxidant-enzyme activity. Resveratrol administration was able to increase sirtuin 1 mRNA expression, as well as decreasing NFκB expression and reducing the proinflammatory and prooxidant status associated with age. In conclusion, resveratrol was able to modulate the inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic status related to aging, thereby exerting a protective effect on pancreas age-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ginés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sara Cuesta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Roman Kireev
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo (IBIV), Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Vigo, SERGAS, Biomedical Research Unit, Hospital Rebullón (CHUVI), Vigo, Spain.
| | - Cruz García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lisa Rancan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sergio D Paredes
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Vara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús A F Tresguerres
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Complutense s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
In insulin-resistant states (obesity, pre-diabetes, and type 2 diabetes), hepatic production of glucose and lipid synthesis are heightened in concert, implying that insulin deficiency and insulin excess coexists in this setting. The fact that insulin may be inadequate or excessive at any one point in differing organs and tissues has many biologic ramifications. In this context the concept of metabolic compartmentalization in the liver is offered herein as one perspective of this paradox. In particular, we focus on the hypothesis that insulin resistance accentuates differences in periportal and perivenous hepatocytes, namely periportal glucose production and perivenous lipid synthesis. Subsequently, excessive production of glucose and accumulation of lipids could be expected in the livers of patients with obesity and insulin resistance. Overall, in this review, we provide our integrative perspective regarding how excessive production of glucose in periportal hepatocytes and accumulation of lipids in perivenous hepatocytes interact in insulin resistant states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto B Bazotte
- a Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics ; State University of Maringá ; Maringá , Paraná , PR Brazil
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14
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Tong X, Zhang D, Arthurs B, Li P, Durudogan L, Gupta N, Yin L. Palmitate Inhibits SIRT1-Dependent BMAL1/CLOCK Interaction and Disrupts Circadian Gene Oscillations in Hepatocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130047. [PMID: 26075729 PMCID: PMC4468094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of serum saturated fatty acid palmitate have been shown to promote insulin resistance, increase cellular ROS production, and trigger cell apoptosis in hepatocytes during the development of obesity. However, it remains unclear whether palmitate directly impacts the circadian clock in hepatocytes, which coordinates nutritional inputs and hormonal signaling with downstream metabolic outputs. Here we presented evidence that the molecular clock is a novel target of palmitate in hepatocytes. Palmitate exposure at low dose inhibits the molecular clock activity and suppresses the cyclic expression of circadian targets including Dbp, Nr1d1 and Per2 in hepatocytes. Palmitate treatment does not seem to alter localization or reduce protein expression of BMAL1 and CLOCK, the two core components of the molecular clock in hepatocytes. Instead, palmitate destabilizes the protein-protein interaction between BMAL1-CLOCK in a dose and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, we showed that SIRT1 activators could reverse the inhibitory action of palmitate on BMAL1-CLOCK interaction and the clock gene expression, whereas inhibitors of NAD synthesis mimic the palmitate effects on the clock function. In summary, our findings demonstrated that palmitate inhibits the clock function by suppressing SIRT1 function in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tong
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Deqiang Zhang
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Blake Arthurs
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Leigh Durudogan
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Neil Gupta
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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15
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Rady B, Chen Y, Vaca P, Wang Q, Wang Y, Salmon P, Oberholzer J. Overexpression ofE2F3promotes proliferation of functional human β cells without induction of apoptosis. Cell Cycle 2014; 12:2691-702. [DOI: 10.4161/cc.25834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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16
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Kong W, Chen LL, Zheng J, Zhang HH, Hu X, Zeng TS, Hu D. Resveratrol supplementation restores high-fat diet-induced insulin secretion dysfunction by increasing mitochondrial function in islet. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 240:220-9. [PMID: 25228148 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214548998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV), a natural compound, is known for its effects on energy homeostasis. Here we investigated the effects of RSV and possible mechanism in insulin secretion of high-fat diet rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups as follows: NC group (animals were fed ad libitum with normal chow for 8 weeks), HF group (animals were fed ad libitum with high-fat diet for 8 weeks), and HFR group (animals were treated with high-fat diet and administered with RSV for 8 weeks). Insulin secretion ability of rats was assessed by hyperglycemic clamp. Mitochondrial biogenesis genes, mitochondrial respiratory chain activities, reactive oxidative species (ROS), and several mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated in islet. We found that HF group rats clearly showed low insulin secretion and mitochondrial complex dysfunction. Expression of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog- 1 (SIRT1) and related mitochondrial biogenesis were significantly decreased. However, RSV administration group (HFR) showed a marked potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This effect was associated with elevated SIRT1 protein expression and antioxidant enzyme activities, resulting in increased mitochondrial respiratory chain activities and decreased ROS level. This study suggests that RSV may increase islet mitochondrial complex activities and antioxidant function to restore insulin secretion dysfunction induced by high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lu-lu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hao-hao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Tian-shu Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou 434020, China
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17
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Park I, Lee Y, Kim HD, Kim K. Effect of Resveratrol, a SIRT1 Activator, on the Interactions of the CLOCK/BMAL1 Complex. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2014; 29:379-87. [PMID: 25309798 PMCID: PMC4192820 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2014.29.3.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In mammals, the CLOCK/BMAL1 heterodimer is a key transcription factor complex that drives the cyclic expression of clock-controlled genes involved in various physiological functions and behavioral consequences. Recently, a growing number of studies have reported a molecular link between the circadian clock and metabolism. In the present study, we explored the regulatory effects of SIRTUIN1 (SIRT1), an NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase, on CLOCK/BMAL1-mediated clock gene expression. METHODS To investigate the interaction between SIRT1 and CLOCK/BMAL1, we conducted bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analyses supplemented with immunocytochemistry assays. BiFC experiments employing deletion-specific mutants of BMAL1 were used to elucidate the specific domains that are necessary for the SIRT1-BMAL1 interaction. Additionally, luciferase reporter assays were used to delineate the effects of SIRT1 on circadian gene expression. RESULTS BiFC analysis revealed that SIRT1 interacted with both CLOCK and BMAL1 in most cell nuclei. As revealed by BiFC assays using various BMAL1 deletion mutants, the PAS-B domain of BMAL1 was essential for interaction with SIRT1. Activation of SIRT1 with resveratrol did not exert any significant change on the interaction with the CLOCK/BMAL1 complex. However, promoter analysis using Per1-Luc and Ebox-Luc reporters showed that SIRT1 significantly downregulated both promoter activities. This inhibitory effect was intensified by treatment with resveratrol, indicating a role for SIRT1 and its activator in CLOCK/BMAL1-mediated transcription of clock genes. CONCLUSION These results suggest that SIRT1 may form a regulatory complex with CLOCK/BMAL1 that represses clock gene expression, probably via deacetylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain Research Center for 21st Frontier Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yool Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain Research Center for 21st Frontier Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Dae Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain Research Center for 21st Frontier Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungjin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Brain Research Center for 21st Frontier Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Darzynkiewicz Z, Zhao H, Halicka HD, Li J, Lee YS, Hsieh TC, Wu JM. In search of antiaging modalities: evaluation of mTOR- and ROS/DNA damage-signaling by cytometry. Cytometry A 2014; 85:386-99. [PMID: 24677687 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the evidence in support of the IGF-1/mTOR/S6K1 signaling as the primary factor contributing to aging and cellular senescence. Reviewed are also specific interactions between mTOR/S6K1 and ROS-DNA damage signaling pathways. Outlined are critical sites along these pathways, including autophagy, as targets for potential antiaging (gero-suppressive) and/or chemopreventive agents. Presented are applications of flow- and laser scanning- cytometry utilizing phospho-specific Abs, to monitor activation along these pathways in response to the reported antiaging drugs rapamycin, metformin, berberine, resveratrol, vitamin D3, 2-deoxyglucose, and acetylsalicylic acid. Specifically, effectiveness of these agents to attenuate the level of constitutive mTOR signaling was tested by cytometry and confirmed by Western blotting through measuring phosphorylation of the mTOR-downstream targets including ribosomal protein S6. The ratiometric analysis of phosphorylated to total protein along the mTOR pathway offers a useful parameter reporting the effects of gero-suppressive agents. In parallel, their ability to suppress the level of constitutive DNA damage signaling induced by endogenous ROS was measured. While the primary target of each of these agents may be different the data obtained on several human cancer cell lines, WI-38 fibroblasts and normal lymphocytes suggest common downstream mechanism in which the decline in mTOR/S6K1 signaling and translation rate is coupled with a reduction of oxidative phosphorylation and ROS that leads to decreased oxidative DNA damage. The combined assessment of constitutive γH2AX expression, mitochondrial activity (ROS, ΔΨm), and mTOR signaling provides an adequate gamut of cell responses to test effectiveness of gero-suppressive agents. Described is also an in vitro model of induction of cellular senescence by persistent replication stress, its quantitative analysis by laser scanning cytometry, and application to detect the property of the studied agents to attenuate the induction of senescence. Discussed is cytometric analysis of cell size and heterogeneity of size as a potential biomarker used to asses gero-suppressive agents and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz
- Brander Cancer Research Institute and Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, 10595
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Brun T, Scarcia P, Li N, Gaudet P, Duhamel D, Palmieri F, Maechler P. Changes in mitochondrial carriers exhibit stress-specific signatures in INS-1Eβ-cells exposed to glucose versus fatty acids. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82364. [PMID: 24349266 PMCID: PMC3861392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of β-cells to metabolic stresses impairs their function and potentially induces apoptosis. Mitochondria play a central role in coupling glucose metabolism to insulin secretion. However, little is known on mitochondrial responses to specific stresses; i.e. low versus high glucose, saturated versus unsaturated fatty acids, or oxidative stress. INS-1E cells were exposed for 3 days to 5.6 mM glucose, 25 mM glucose, 0.4 mM palmitate, and 0.4 mM oleate. Culture at standard 11.1 mM glucose served as no-stress control and transient oxidative stress (200 µM H2O2 for 10 min at day 0) served as positive stressful condition. Mito-array analyzed transcripts of 60 mitochondrion-associated genes with special focus on members of the Slc25 family. Transcripts of interest were evaluated at the protein level by immunoblotting. Bioinformatics analyzed the expression profiles to delineate comprehensive networks. Chronic exposure to the different metabolic stresses impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; revealing glucotoxicity and lipo-dysfunction. Both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids increased expression of the carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier CAC, whereas the citrate carrier CIC and energy sensor SIRT1 were specifically upregulated by palmitate and oleate, respectively. High glucose upregulated CIC, the dicarboxylate carrier DIC and glutamate carrier GC1. Conversely, it reduced expression of energy sensors (AMPK, SIRT1, SIRT4), metabolic genes, transcription factor PDX1, and anti-apoptotic Bcl2. This was associated with caspase-3 cleavage and cell death. Expression levels of GC1 and SIRT4 exhibited positive and negative glucose dose-response, respectively. Expression profiles of energy sensors and mitochondrial carriers were selectively modified by the different conditions, exhibiting stress-specific signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Brun
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (TB); (PM)
| | - Pasquale Scarcia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Gaudet
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) and University of Geneva, Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Duhamel
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinando Palmieri
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Center of Excellence in Comparative Genomics (CEGBA), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail: (TB); (PM)
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20
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Cho SY, Cho M, Seo DB, Lee SJ, Suh Y. Identification of a small molecule activator of SIRT1 gene expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2013; 5:174-82. [PMID: 23525956 PMCID: PMC3629289 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased SIRT1 expression exerts beneficial effects in transgenic animal models, ameliorating the onset and progression of aging-related disease phenotypes in various organs including the heart. The potential beneficial effects of SIRT1 have made SIRT1 a prime therapeutic target for age-related diseases and considerable efforts led to the identification of small molecule activator of SIRT1 protein. Thus far, however, a small molecule activator of SIRT1 gene expression has not been reported. Here, we report that syringaresinol, isolated from Panax ginseng berry pulp, is an activator of SIRT1 gene expression. Using human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs), we show that syringaresinol treatment induced binding of FOXO3 to the SIRT1 promoter in a sequence-specific manner, leading to induction of SIRT1 expression. Increased SIRT1 expression in HUVECs by syringaresinol treatment delayed cellular senescence and improved various markers of endothelial functions in a FOXO3 dependent manner. Collectively, these findings bring to light a new transcription activator of SIRT1 that may have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Young Cho
- R&D Center, Amorepacific Corporation, Gyeonggi-do, Korea 446-729
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21
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Halicka HD, Zhao H, Li J, Lee YS, Hsieh TC, Wu JM, Darzynkiewicz Z. Potential anti-aging agents suppress the level of constitutive mTOR- and DNA damage- signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2013; 4:952-65. [PMID: 23363784 PMCID: PMC3615161 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two different mechanisms are considered to be the primary cause of aging. Cumulative DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), the by-products of oxidative phosphorylation, is one of these mechanisms (ROS concept). Constitutive stimulation of mitogen- and nutrient-sensing mTOR/S6 signaling is the second mechanism (TOR concept). The flow- and laser scanning- cytometric methods were developed to measure the level of the constitutive DNA damage/ROS- as well as of mTOR/S6- signaling in individual cells. Specifically, persistent activation of ATM and expression of γH2AX in untreated cells appears to report constitutive DNA damage induced by endogenous ROS. The level of phosphorylation of Ser235/236-ribosomal protein (RP), of Ser2448-mTOR and of Ser65-4EBP1, informs on constitutive signaling along the mTOR/S6 pathway. Potential gero-suppressive agents rapamycin, metformin, 2-deoxyglucose, berberine, resveratrol, vitamin D3 and aspirin, all decreased the level of constitutive DNA damage signaling as seen by the reduced expression of γH2AX in proliferating A549, TK6, WI-38 cells and in mitogenically stimulated human lymphocytes. They all also decreased the level of intracellular ROS and mitochondrial trans-membrane potential ΔΨm, the marker of mitochondrial energizing as well as reduced phosphorylation of mTOR, RP-S6 and 4EBP1. The most effective was rapamycin. Although the primary target of each on these agents may be different the data are consistent with the downstream mechanism in which the decline in mTOR/S6K signaling and translation rate is coupled with a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation, (revealed by ΔΨm) that leads to reduction of ROS and oxidative DNA damage. The decreased rate of translation induced by these agents may slow down cells hypertrophy and alleviate other features of cell aging/senescence. Reduction of oxidative DNA damage may lower predisposition to neoplastic transformation which otherwise may result from errors in repair of DNA sites coding for oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. The data suggest that combined assessment of constitutive γH2AX expression, mitochondrial activity (ROS, ΔΨm) and mTOR signaling provides an adequate gamut of cell responses to evaluate effectiveness of gero-suppressive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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22
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Berman AE, Leontieva OV, Natarajan V, McCubrey JA, Demidenko ZN, Nikiforov MA. Recent progress in genetics of aging, senescence and longevity: focusing on cancer-related genes. Oncotarget 2013; 3:1522-32. [PMID: 23455653 PMCID: PMC3681491 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely believed that aging results from the accumulation of molecular damage, including damage of DNA and mitochondria and accumulation of molecular garbage both inside and outside of the cell. Recently, this paradigm is being replaced by the “hyperfunction theory”, which postulates that aging is caused by activation of signal transduction pathways such as TOR (Target of Rapamycin). These pathways consist of different enzymes, mostly kinases, but also phosphatases, deacetylases, GTPases, and some other molecules that cause overactivation of normal cellular functions. Overactivation of these sensory signal transduction pathways can cause cellular senescence, age-related diseases, including cancer, and shorten life span. Here we review some of the numerous very recent publications on the role of signal transduction molecules in aging and age-related diseases. As was emphasized by the author of the “hyperfunction model”, many (or actually all) of them also play roles in cancer. So these “participants” in pro-aging signaling pathways are actually very well acquainted to cancer researchers. A cancer-related journal such as Oncotarget is the perfect place for publication of such experimental studies, reviews and perspectives, as it can bridge the gap between cancer and aging researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert E Berman
- V.N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS, 10 Pogodinskaya Str., Moscow, Russia.
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23
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Yang H, Zheng Y, Li TWH, Peng H, Fernandez-Ramos D, Martínez-Chantar ML, Rojas AL, Mato JM, Lu SC. Methionine adenosyltransferase 2B, HuR, and sirtuin 1 protein cross-talk impacts on the effect of resveratrol on apoptosis and growth in liver cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:23161-70. [PMID: 23814050 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.487157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is growth-suppressive and pro-apoptotic in liver cancer cells. Methionine adenosyltransferase 2B (MAT2B) encodes for two dominant variants V1 and V2 that positively regulate growth, and V1 is anti-apoptotic when overexpressed. Interestingly, crystal structure analysis of MAT2B protein (MATβ) protomer revealed two resveratrol binding pockets, which raises the question of the role of MAT2B in resveratrol biological activities. We found that resveratrol induced the expression of MAT2BV1 and V2 in a time- and dose-dependent manner by increasing transcription, mRNA, and protein stabilization. Following resveratrol treatment, HuR expression increased first, followed by SIRT1 and MAT2B. SIRT1 induction contributes to increased MAT2B transcription whereas HuR induction increased MAT2B mRNA stability. MATβ interacts with HuR and SIRT1, and resveratrol treatment enhanced these interactions while reducing the interaction between MATβ and MATα2. Because MATβ lowers the Ki of MATα2 for S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), this allowed steady-state AdoMet level to rise. Interaction among MATβ, SIRT1, and HuR increased stability of these proteins. Induction of MAT2B is a compensatory response to resveratrol as knocking down MAT2BV1 potentiated the resveratrol pro-apoptotic and growth-suppressive effects, whereas the opposite occurred with V1 overexpression. The same effect on growth occurred with MAT2BV2. In conclusion, resveratrol induces HuR, SIRT1, and MAT2B expression; the last may represent a compensatory response against apoptosis and growth inhibition. However, MATβ induction also facilitates SIRT1 activation, as the interaction stabilizes SIRT1. This complex interplay among MATβ, HuR, and SIRT1 has not been previously reported and suggests that these proteins may regulate each other's signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, University of Southern California Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
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Mabalirajan U, Ghosh B. Mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic syndrome and asthma. J Allergy (Cairo) 2013; 2013:340476. [PMID: 23840225 PMCID: PMC3687506 DOI: 10.1155/2013/340476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Though severe or refractory asthma merely affects less than 10% of asthma population, it consumes significant health resources and contributes significant morbidity and mortality. Severe asthma does not fell in the routine definition of asthma and requires alternative treatment strategies. It has been observed that asthma severity increases with higher body mass index. The obese-asthmatics, in general, have the features of metabolic syndrome and are progressively causing a significant burden for both developed and developing countries thanks to the westernization of the world. As most of the features of metabolic syndrome seem to be originated from central obesity, the underlying mechanisms for metabolic syndrome could help us to understand the pathobiology of obese-asthma condition. While mitochondrial dysfunction is the common factor for most of the risk factors of metabolic syndrome, such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes, the involvement of mitochondria in obese-asthma pathogenesis seems to be important as mitochondrial dysfunction has recently been shown to be involved in airway epithelial injury and asthma pathogenesis. This review discusses current understanding of the overlapping features between metabolic syndrome and asthma in relation to mitochondrial structural and functional alterations with an aim to uncover mechanisms for obese-asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulaganathan Mabalirajan
- Molecular Immunogenetics Laboratory and Centre of Excellence for Translational Research in Asthma & Lung Disease, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Molecular Immunogenetics Laboratory and Centre of Excellence for Translational Research in Asthma & Lung Disease, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India
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25
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Pietrocola F, Mariño G, Lissa D, Vacchelli E, Malik SA, Niso-Santano M, Zamzami N, Galluzzi L, Maiuri MC, Kroemer G. Pro-autophagic polyphenols reduce the acetylation of cytoplasmic proteins. Cell Cycle 2013; 11:3851-60. [PMID: 23070521 DOI: 10.4161/cc.22027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenol contained in red wine that has been amply investigated for its beneficial effects on organismal metabolism, in particular in the context of the so-called "French paradox," i.e., the relatively low incidence of coronary heart disease exhibited by a population with a high dietary intake of cholesterol and saturated fats. At least part of the beneficial effect of resveratrol on human health stems from its capacity to promote autophagy by activating the NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1. However, the concentration of resveratrol found in red wine is excessively low to account alone for the French paradox. Here, we investigated the possibility that other mono- and polyphenols contained in red wine might induce autophagy while affecting the acetylation levels of cellular proteins. Phenolic compounds found in red wine, including anthocyanins (oenin), stilbenoids (piceatannol), monophenols (caffeic acid, gallic acid) glucosides (delphinidin, kuronamin, peonidin) and flavonoids (catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, myricetin), were all capable of stimulating autophagy, although with dissimilar potencies. Importantly, a robust negative correlation could be established between autophagy induction and the acetylation levels of cytoplasmic proteins, as determined by a novel immunofluorescence staining protocol that allows for the exclusion of nuclear components from the analysis. Inhibition of sirtuin 1 by both pharmacological and genetic means abolished protein deacetylation and autophagy as stimulated by resveratrol, but not by piceatannol, indicating that these compounds act through distinct molecular pathways. In support of this notion, resveratrol and piceatannol synergized in inducing autophagy as well as in promoting cytoplasmic protein deacetylation. Our results highlight a cause-effect relationship between the deacetylation of cytoplasmic proteins and autophagy induction by red wine components.
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Abstract
Human sirtuin1 (SIRT1), the closest homolog of the yeast sir2 protein, functions as an NAD+-dependent histone and non-histone protein deacetylase in several cellular processes, like energy metabolism, stress responses, aging, etc. In our recent study, we have shown that lamin A (a major nuclear matrix protein) directly binds with and activates SIRT1. Resveratrol, a natural phenol, has long been known as an activator of SIRT1. However, resveratrol's direct activation of SIRT1 has been refuted several times. In our study, we have provided a mechanistic explanation to this question, and have shown that resveratrol activates SIRT1 by increasing its binding with lamin A, thus aiding in the nuclear matrix (NM) localization of SIRT1. We have also shown that rescue of adult stem cell (ASC) decline in laminopathy-based premature aging mice by resveratrol is SIRT1-dependent. Further, resveratrol's ameliorating effects on progeria and its capacity to extend lifespan in progeria mice has been established. Here we have summarized these findings and their probable implications on other aspects, like chromatin remodeling, stem cell therapy, DNA damage responses, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrestha Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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27
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Menendez JA, Joven J, Aragonès G, Barrajón-Catalán E, Beltrán-Debón R, Borrás-Linares I, Camps J, Corominas-Faja B, Cufí S, Fernández-Arroyo S, Garcia-Heredia A, Hernández-Aguilera A, Herranz-López M, Jiménez-Sánchez C, López-Bonet E, Lozano-Sánchez J, Luciano-Mateo F, Martin-Castillo B, Martin-Paredero V, Pérez-Sánchez A, Oliveras-Ferraros C, Riera-Borrull M, Rodríguez-Gallego E, Quirantes-Piné R, Rull A, Tomás-Menor L, Vazquez-Martin A, Alonso-Villaverde C, Micol V, Segura-Carretero A. Xenohormetic and anti-aging activity of secoiridoid polyphenols present in extra virgin olive oil: a new family of gerosuppressant agents. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:555-78. [PMID: 23370395 DOI: 10.4161/cc.23756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging can be viewed as a quasi-programmed phenomenon driven by the overactivation of the nutrient-sensing mTOR gerogene. mTOR-driven aging can be triggered or accelerated by a decline or loss of responsiveness to activation of the energy-sensing protein AMPK, a critical gerosuppressor of mTOR. The occurrence of age-related diseases, therefore, reflects the synergistic interaction between our evolutionary path to sedentarism, which chronically increases a number of mTOR activating gero-promoters (e.g., food, growth factors, cytokines and insulin) and the "defective design" of central metabolic integrators such as mTOR and AMPK. Our laboratories at the Bioactive Food Component Platform in Spain have initiated a systematic approach to molecularly elucidate and clinically explore whether the "xenohormesis hypothesis," which states that stress-induced synthesis of plant polyphenols and many other phytochemicals provides an environmental chemical signature that upregulates stress-resistance pathways in plant consumers, can be explained in terms of the reactivity of the AMPK/mTOR-axis to so-called xenohormetins. Here, we explore the AMPK/mTOR-xenohormetic nature of complex polyphenols naturally present in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), a pivotal component of the Mediterranean style diet that has been repeatedly associated with a reduction in age-related morbid conditions and longer life expectancy. Using crude EVOO phenolic extracts highly enriched in the secoiridoids oleuropein aglycon and decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycon, we show for the first time that (1) the anticancer activity of EVOO secoiridoids is related to the activation of anti-aging/cellular stress-like gene signatures, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response, spermidine and polyamine metabolism, sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and NRF2 signaling; (2) EVOO secoiridoids activate AMPK and suppress crucial genes involved in the Warburg effect and the self-renewal capacity of "immortal" cancer stem cells; (3) EVOO secoiridoids prevent age-related changes in the cell size, morphological heterogeneity, arrayed cell arrangement and senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining of normal diploid human fibroblasts at the end of their proliferative lifespans. EVOO secoiridoids, which provide an effective defense against plant attack by herbivores and pathogens, are bona fide xenohormetins that are able to activate the gerosuppressor AMPK and trigger numerous resveratrol-like anti-aging transcriptomic signatures. As such, EVOO secoiridoids constitute a new family of plant-produced gerosuppressant agents that molecularly "repair" the aimless (and harmful) AMPK/mTOR-driven quasi-program that leads to aging and aging-related diseases, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A Menendez
- Metabolism and Cancer Group, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.
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Resveratrol potentiates rapamycin to prevent hyperinsulinemia and obesity in male mice on high fat diet. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e472. [PMID: 23348586 PMCID: PMC3563990 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
High doses of rapamycin, an antiaging agent, can prevent obesity in mice on high fat diet (HFD). Obesity is usually associated with hyperinsulinemia. Here, we showed that rapamycin given orally, at doses that did not affect weight gain in male mice on HFD, tended to decrease fasting insulin levels. Addition of resveratrol, which alone did not affect insulin levels, potentiated the effect of rapamycin, so that the combination decreased obesity and prevented hyperinsulinemia. Neither rapamycin nor resveratrol, and their combination affected fasting levels of glucose (despite lowering insulin levels), implying that the combination might prevent insulin resistance. We and others previously reported that resveratrol at high doses inhibited the mTOR (Target of Rapamycin) pathway in cell culture. Yet, as we confirmed here, this effect was observed only at super-pharmacological concentrations. At pharmacological concentrations, resveratrol did not exert ‘rapamycin-like effects' on cellular senescence and did not inhibit the mTOR pathway in vitro, indicating nonoverlapping therapeutic mechanisms of actions of rapamycin and resveratrol in vivo. Although, like rapamycin, resveratrol decreased insulin-induced HIF-1-dependent transcription in cell culture, resveratrol did not inhibit mTOR at the same concentrations. Given distinct mechanisms of action of rapamycin and resveratrol at clinically relevant doses, their combination warrants further investigation as a potential antiaging, antiobesity and antidiabetic modality.
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Bennetzen MV, Mariño G, Pultz D, Morselli E, Færgeman NJ, Kroemer G, Andersen JS. Phosphoproteomic analysis of cells treated with longevity-related autophagy inducers. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:1827-40. [PMID: 22517431 DOI: 10.4161/cc.20233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy is a self-cannibalistic process that enables cells to adapt to various stresses and maintain energy homeostasis. Additionally, autophagy is an important route for turnover of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles, with important implications in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and aging. Resveratrol and spermidine are able to induce autophagy by affecting deacetylases and acetylases, respectively, and have been found to extend the life-span of model organisms. With the aim to reveal the signaling networks involved in this drug-induced autophagic response, we quantified resveratrol and spermidine-induced changes in the phosphoproteome using SILAC and mass spectrometry. The data were subsequently analyzed using the NetworKIN algorithm to extract key features of the autophagy-responsive kinase-substrate network. We found that two distinct sequence motifs were highly responsive to resveratrol and spermidine and that key proteins modulating the acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation and ubiquitination status were affected by changes in phosphorylation during the autophagic response. Essential parts of the apoptotic signaling network were subjected to post-translational modifications during the drug-induced autophagy response, suggesting potential crosstalk and balancing between autophagy and apoptosis. Additionally, we predicted cellular signaling networks affected by resveratrol and spermidine using a computational framework. Altogether, these results point to a profound crosstalk between distinct networks of post-translational modifications and provide a resource for future analysis of autophagy and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin V Bennetzen
- Center for Experimental BioInformatics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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RLIP76, a glutathione-conjugate transporter, plays a major role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. PLoS One 2011; 6:e24688. [PMID: 21931813 PMCID: PMC3172288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Characteristic hypoglycemia, hypotriglyceridemia, hypocholesterolemia, lower body mass, and fat as well as pronounced insulin-sensitivity of RLIP76⁻/⁻ mice suggested to us the possibility that elevation of RLIP76 in response to stress could itself elicit metabolic syndrome (MSy). Indeed, if it were required for MSy, drugs used to treat MSy should have no effect on RLIP76⁻/⁻ mice. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Blood glucose (BG) and lipid measurements were performed in RLIP76⁺/⁺ and RLIP76⁻/⁻ mice, using Ascensia Elite Glucometer® for glucose and ID Labs kits for cholesterol and triglycerides assays. The ultimate effectors of gluconeogenesis are the three enzymes: PEPCK, F-1,6-BPase, and G6Pase, and their expression is regulated by PPARγ and AMPK. The activity of these enzymes was tested by protocols standardized by us. Expressions of RLIP76, PPARα, PPARγ, HMGCR, pJNK, pAkt, and AMPK were performed by Western-blot and tissue staining. RESULTS The concomitant activation of AMPK and PPARγ by inhibiting transport activity of RLIP76, despite inhibited activity of key glucocorticoid-regulated hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes like PEPCK, G6Pase and F-1,6-BP in RLIP76⁻/⁻ mice, is a salient finding of our studies. The decrease in RLIP76 protein expression by rosiglitazone and metformin is associated with an up-regulation of PPARγ and AMPK. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE All four drugs, rosiglitazone, metformin, gemfibrozil and atorvastatin failed to affect glucose and lipid metabolism in RLIP76⁻/⁻ mice. Studies confirmed a model in which RLIP76 plays a central role in the pathogenesis of MSy and RLIP76 loss causes profound and global alterations of MSy signaling functions. RLIP76 is a novel target for single-molecule therapeutics for metabolic syndrome.
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