1
|
Maeso-Alonso L, Alonso-Olivares H, Martínez-García N, López-Ferreras L, Villoch-Fernández J, Puente-Santamaría L, Colas-Algora N, Fernández-Corona A, Lorenzo-Marcos ME, Jiménez B, Holmgren L, Wilhelm M, Millan J, Del Peso L, Claesson-Welsh L, Marques MM, Marin MC. p73 is required for vessel integrity controlling endothelial junctional dynamics through Angiomotin. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:535. [PMID: 36180740 PMCID: PMC9525397 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04560-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Preservation of blood vessel integrity, which is critical for normal physiology and organ function, is controlled at multiple levels, including endothelial junctions. However, the mechanism that controls the adequate assembly of endothelial cell junctions is not fully defined. Here, we uncover TAp73 transcription factor as a vascular architect that orchestrates transcriptional programs involved in cell junction establishment and developmental blood vessel morphogenesis and identify Angiomotin (AMOT) as a TAp73 direct transcriptional target. Knockdown of p73 in endothelial cells not only results in decreased Angiomotin expression and localization at intercellular junctions, but also affects its downstream function regarding Yes-associated protein (YAP) cytoplasmic sequestration upon cell–cell contact. Analysis of adherens junctional morphology after p73-knockdown in human endothelial cells revealed striking alterations, particularly a sharp increase in serrated junctions and actin bundles appearing as stress fibers, both features associated with enhanced barrier permeability. In turn, stabilization of Angiomotin levels rescued those junctional defects, confirming that TAp73 controls endothelial junction dynamics, at least in part, through the regulation of Angiomotin. The observed defects in monolayer integrity were linked to hyperpermeability and reduced transendothelial electric resistance. Moreover, p73-knockout retinas showed a defective sprout morphology coupled with hemorrhages, highlighting the physiological relevance of p73 regulation in the maintenance of vessel integrity in vivo. We propose a new model in which TAp73 acts as a vascular architect integrating transcriptional programs that will impinge with Angiomotin/YAP signaling to maintain junctional dynamics and integrity, while balancing endothelial cell rearrangements in angiogenic vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maeso-Alonso
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Hugo Alonso-Olivares
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Nicole Martínez-García
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Lorena López-Ferreras
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Javier Villoch-Fernández
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Laura Puente-Santamaría
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Benilde Jiménez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.,IdiPaz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lars Holmgren
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Bioclinicum, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margareta Wilhelm
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jaime Millan
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Del Peso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.,IdiPaz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Margarita M Marques
- Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, y Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Maria C Marin
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, 24071, León, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang HL, Zhang J, Li YP, Dong L, Chen YZ. Potential use of glutathione as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:125. [PMID: 33376507 PMCID: PMC7751460 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy and safety of glutathione (GSH) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). The PubMed, Cochrane Library, OvidSP, Web of Science, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and China Wanfang Standards Database databases were systematically searched from the inception dates to October 1st, 2019, using the key words'glutathione' or 'GSH' and 'Parkinson' or 'Parkinson's disease' or 'PD'. The quality of the included articles was assessed using the bias risk assessment tool of the Cochrane systematic evaluator manual (version 5.1.0). Pooled analysis of the relevant data was performed using RevMan 5.3 software and subgroup analysis was performed to determine the impact of the dosage (300 vs. 600 mg) on the outcome measures. A total of seven randomized controlled trials involving 450 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the present study indicated a statistically significant difference between the GSH and control groups, in terms of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III [standard mean difference (SMD), -0.48; 95% CI, -(0.88-0.08); P=0.02] and GSH peroxidase (SMD, 1.88; 95% CI, 0.52-3.24; P=0.007). However, the differences in the UPDRS I (SMD, -0.04; 95% CI, -0.25-0.16; P=0.70) and UPDRS II (SMD, 0.03; 95% CI, -0.17-0.24; P=0.77) score and in side effects were not statistically significant between the groups. Subgroup analyses revealed that the dosage (300 vs. 600 mg) was an influencing factor for UPDRS III. The present study demonstrated that GSH may mildly improve motor scores in PD, but not at the expense of increased adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Li Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Lun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Zhu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fuertes-Alvarez S, Maeso-Alonso L, Villoch-Fernandez J, Wildung M, Martin-Lopez M, Marshall C, Villena-Cortes AJ, Diez-Prieto I, Pietenpol JA, Tissir F, Lizé M, Marques MM, Marin MC. p73 regulates ependymal planar cell polarity by modulating actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1183. [PMID: 30518789 PMCID: PMC6281643 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1205-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Planar cell polarity (PCP) and intercellular junctional complexes establish tissue structure and coordinated behaviors across epithelial sheets. In multiciliated ependymal cells, rotational and translational PCP coordinate cilia beating and direct cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Thus, PCP disruption results in ciliopathies and hydrocephalus. PCP establishment depends on the polarization of cytoskeleton and requires the asymmetric localization of core and global regulatory modules, including membrane proteins like Vangl1/2 or Frizzled. We analyzed the subcellular localization of select proteins that make up these modules in ependymal cells and the effect of Trp73 loss on their localization. We identify a novel function of the Trp73 tumor suppressor gene, the TAp73 isoform in particular, as an essential regulator of PCP through the modulation of actin and microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics, demonstrating that Trp73 is a key player in the organization of ependymal ciliated epithelia. Mechanistically, we show that p73 regulates translational PCP and actin dynamics through TAp73-dependent modulation of non-musclemyosin-II activity. In addition, TAp73 is required for the asymmetric localization of PCP-core and global signaling modules and regulates polarized microtubule dynamics, which in turn set up the rotational PCP. Therefore, TAp73 modulates, directly and/or indirectly, transcriptional programs regulating actin and microtubules dynamics and Golgi organization signaling pathways. These results shed light into the mechanism of ependymal cell planar polarization and reveal p73 as an epithelial architect during development regulating the cellular cytoskeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Fuertes-Alvarez
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Laura Maeso-Alonso
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Javier Villoch-Fernandez
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Merit Wildung
- Molecular and Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marta Martin-Lopez
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Clayton Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Alberto J Villena-Cortes
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Diez-Prieto
- Departamento de Medicina, Cirugía y Anatomía Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Jennifer A Pietenpol
- Department of Biochemistry and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Fadel Tissir
- Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Avenue E. Mounier, 73, Box B1.73.16, B1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Muriel Lizé
- Molecular and Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Margarita M Marques
- Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero (INDEGSAL) and Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain
| | - Maria C Marin
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED) and Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhaumik P, Ghosh P, Biswas A, Ghosh S, Pal S, Sarkar B, Kumar Dey S. Rare Intronic Variations inTP73Gene Found in Patients with Alzheimer’sDisease. INT J HUM GENET 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2017.1421438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pranami Bhaumik
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology) BF – 142, Salt Lake City, Sector I. Kolkata 700 064, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology) BF – 142, Salt Lake City, Sector I. Kolkata 700 064, West Bengal, India
| | - Atanu Biswas
- Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, 52/1A, S.N. Pandit Street, Kolkata 700 025, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujay Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, (Ballygunge Science College Campus), 35 Ballygunge Circular Road., Kolkata 700 019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Pal
- Department of Neurology, Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswanath Sarkar
- DNA Laboratory, Anthropological Survey of India, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road Kolkata 700 016, West Bengal, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Biological Sciences, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal (Formerly known as West Bengal University of Technology) BF – 142, Salt Lake City, Sector I. Kolkata 700 064, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vishnoi K, Mahata S, Tyagi A, Pandey A, Verma G, Jadli M, Singh T, Singh SM, Bharti AC. Human papillomavirus oncoproteins differentially modulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in 5-FU-resistant cervical cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:13137-13154. [PMID: 27449048 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Etiological role of viral proteins E6 and E7 of high-risk HPV in cervical carcinogenesis is well established. However, their contribution in chemoresistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that leads to advanced metastatic lesions and chemoresistance is poorly defined. In the present study, contribution of viral oncoproteins in acquisition of EMT character during onset of chemoresistance was assessed. A chemoresistant cell line (SiHaCR) was developed from an established HPV16-positive cervical cancer cell line, SiHa, by escalating selection pressure of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Expression of Survivin, ABCG2, Snail, Slug, Twist, and Vimentin was examined in SiHa and SiHaCR cells by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and immunoblotting assays. Mesenchymal phenotype in SiHaCR cells was confirmed by assessment of migration and invasion potentials. SiHaCR cells displayed elevated level of functional and molecular markers associated with chemoresistance (Survivin, ABCG2) and EMT (Snail, Slug, Twist, Vimentin) and reduced E-cadherin. SiHaCR also showed increased levels of HPV16 E6 and E7 transcripts. Specific silencing of HPV16 E6, but not E7 using corresponding siRNA, demonstrated a differential involvement of HPV oncogenes in manifestation of EMT. HPV16 E6 silencing resulted in reduction of Slug and Twist expression. However, the expression of Snail and Vimentin was only marginally affected. In contrast, there was an increase in the expression of E-cadherin. A reduced migration and invasion capabilities were observed only in E6-silenced SiHaCR cells, which further confirmed functional contribution of HPV16 E6 in manifestation of EMT. Taken together, our study demonstrated an active involvement of HPV16 E6 in regulation of EMT, which promotes chemoresistance in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Vishnoi
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sutapa Mahata
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Tyagi
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.,Research Lab, Delhi State Cancer Institute, Delhi, India
| | - Arvind Pandey
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sukh Mahendra Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alok C Bharti
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology (ICMR), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. .,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Expression of the Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Gene Alpha-Synuclein is Regulated by the Neuronal Cell Fate Determinant TRIM32. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4257-4270. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
7
|
Amelio I, Antonov AA, Catani MV, Massoud R, Bernassola F, Knight RA, Melino G, Rufini A. TAp73 promotes anabolism. Oncotarget 2015; 5:12820-934. [PMID: 25514460 PMCID: PMC4350352 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic adaptation has emerged as a hallmark of cancer and a promising therapeutic target, as rapidly proliferating cancer cells adapt their metabolism increasing nutrient uptake and reorganizing metabolic fluxes to support biosynthesis. The transcription factor p73 belongs to the p53-family and regulates tumorigenesis via its two N-terminal isoforms, with (TAp73) or without (ΔNp73) a transactivation domain. TAp73 acts as tumor suppressor, at least partially through induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and through regulation of genomic stability. Here, we sought to investigate whether TAp73 also affects metabolic profiling of cancer cells. Using high throughput metabolomics, we unveil a thorough and unexpected role for TAp73 in promoting Warburg effect and cellular metabolism. TAp73-expressing cells show increased rate of glycolysis, higher amino acid uptake and increased levels and biosynthesis of acetyl-CoA. Moreover, we report an extensive TAp73-mediated upregulation of several anabolic pathways including polyamine and synthesis of membrane phospholipids. TAp73 expression also increases cellular methyl-donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), possibly influencing methylation and epigenetics, and promotes arginine metabolism, suggestive of a role in extracellular matrix (ECM) modeling. In summary, our data indicate that TAp73 regulates multiple metabolic pathways that impinge on numerous cellular functions, but that, overall, converge to sustain cell growth and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivano Amelio
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Alexey A Antonov
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Maria Valeria Catani
- Biochemistry Laboratory, IDI-IRCCS, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Renato Massoud
- Biochemistry Laboratory, IDI-IRCCS, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Francesca Bernassola
- Biochemistry Laboratory, IDI-IRCCS, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Richard A Knight
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK. Biochemistry Laboratory, IDI-IRCCS, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 00133, Italy. Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Technological University, St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK. Department of Cancer Studies, Cancer Research UK, Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Agostini M, Niklison-Chirou MV, Catani MV, Knight RA, Melino G, Rufini A. TAp73 promotes anti-senescence-anabolism not proliferation. Aging (Albany NY) 2014; 6:921-30. [PMID: 25554796 PMCID: PMC4276786 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
TAp73, a member of the p53 family, has been traditionally considered a tumor suppressor gene, but a recent report has claimed that it can promote cellular proliferation. This assumption is based on biochemical evidence of activation of anabolic metabolism, with enhanced pentose phosphate shunt (PPP) and nucleotide biosynthesis. Here, while we confirm that TAp73 expression enhances anabolism, we also substantiate its role in inhibiting proliferation and promoting cell death. Hence, we would like to propose an alternative interpretation of the accumulating data linking p73 to cellular metabolism: we suggest that TAp73 promotes anabolism to counteract cellular senescence rather than to support proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Agostini
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Victoria Niklison-Chirou
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
- Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK; current address
| | - Maria Valeria Catani
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Biochemistry Laboratory IDI-IRCC, c/o Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Velletri T, Romeo F, Tucci P, Peschiaroli A, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Niklison-Chirou MV, Amelio I, Knight RA, Mak TW, Melino G, Agostini M. GLS2 is transcriptionally regulated by p73 and contributes to neuronal differentiation. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:3564-73. [PMID: 24121663 DOI: 10.4161/cc.26771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The amino acid Glutamine is converted into Glutamate by a deamidation reaction catalyzed by the enzyme Glutaminase (GLS). Two isoforms of this enzyme have been described, and the GLS2 isoform is regulated by the tumor suppressor gene p53. Here, we show that the p53 family member TAp73 also drives the expression of GLS2. Specifically, we demonstrate that TAp73 regulates GLS2 during retinoic acid-induced terminal neuronal differentiation of neuroblastoma cells, and overexpression or inhibition of GLS2 modulates neuronal differentiation and intracellular levels of ATP. Moreover, inhibition of GLS activity, by removing Glutamine from the growth medium, impairs in vitro differentiation of cortical neurons. Finally, expression of GLS2 increases during mouse cerebellar development. Although, p73 is dispensable for the in vivo expression of GLS2, TAp73 loss affects GABA and Glutamate levels in cortical neurons. Together, these findings suggest a role for GLS2 acting, at least in part, downstream of p73 in neuronal differentiation and highlight a possible role of p73 in regulating neurotransmitter synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Velletri
- Medical Research Council; Toxicology Unit; Leicester University; Leicester, UK; Institute of Health Sciences; Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; Chinese Academy of Sciences & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chillemi G, Davidovich P, D'Abramo M, Mametnabiev T, Garabadzhiu AV, Desideri A, Melino G. Molecular dynamics of the full-length p53 monomer. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:3098-108. [PMID: 23974096 DOI: 10.4161/cc.26162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 protein is frequently mutated in a very large proportion of human tumors, where it seems to acquire gain-of-function activity that facilitates tumor onset and progression. A possible mechanism is the ability of mutant p53 proteins to physically interact with other proteins, including members of the same family, namely p63 and p73, inactivating their function. Assuming that this interaction might occurs at the level of the monomer, to investigate the molecular basis for this interaction, here, we sample the structural flexibility of the wild-type p53 monomeric protein. The results show a strong stability up to 850 ns in the DNA binding domain, with major flexibility in the N-terminal transactivations domains (TAD1 and TAD2) as well as in the C-terminal region (tetramerization domain). Several stable hydrogen bonds have been detected between N-terminal or C-terminal and DNA binding domain, and also between N-terminal and C-terminal. Essential dynamics analysis highlights strongly correlated movements involving TAD1 and the proline-rich region in the N-terminal domain, the tetramerization region in the C-terminal domain; Lys120 in the DNA binding region. The herein presented model is a starting point for further investigation of the whole protein tetramer as well as of its mutants.
Collapse
|
11
|
Di C, Yang L, Zhang H, Ma X, Zhang X, Sun C, Li H, Xu S, An L, Li X, Bai Z. Mechanisms, function and clinical applications of DNp73. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:1861-7. [PMID: 23708520 DOI: 10.4161/cc.24967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
p73, has two distinct promoters, which allow the formation of two protein isoforms: full-length transactivating (TA) p73 and an N-terminally truncated p73 species (referred to as DNp73) that lacks the N-terminal transactivating domain. Although the exact cellular function of DNp73 is unclear, the high expression levels of the genes have been observed in a variety of human cancers and cancer cell lines and have been connected to pro-tumor activities. Hence the aim of this review is to summarize DNp73 expression status in cancer in the current literature. Furthermore, we also focused on recent findings of DNp73 related to the biological functions from apoptosis, chemosensitivity, radiosensitibity, differentiation, development, etc. Thus this review highlights the significance of DNp73 as a marker for disease severity in patients and as target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cuixia Di
- Department of Heavy Ion Radiation Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ciccone S, Maiani E, Bellusci G, Diederich M, Gonfloni S. Parkinson's disease: a complex interplay of mitochondrial DNA alterations and oxidative stress. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:2388-409. [PMID: 23348931 PMCID: PMC3587993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14022388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common age-related neurodegenerative diseases. This pathology causes a significant loss of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia Nigra. Several reports have claimed a role of defective nuclear and mitochondrial DNA repair pathways in PD etiology, in particular, of the Base Excision Repair (BER) system. In addition, recent findings, related to PD progression, indicate that oxidative stress pathways involving c-Abl and GST could also be implicated in this pathology. This review focuses on recently described networks most likely involved in an integrated manner in the course of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ciccone
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; E-Mails: (S.C.); (E.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Emiliano Maiani
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; E-Mails: (S.C.); (E.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Giovanna Bellusci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; E-Mails: (S.C.); (E.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Marc Diederich
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Kirchberg Hospital, 9 Rue Edward Steichen, 2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; E-Mail:
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Stefania Gonfloni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy; E-Mails: (S.C.); (E.M.); (G.B.)
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Kirchberg Hospital, 9 Rue Edward Steichen, 2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +39-06-72594319; Fax: +39-06-2023500
| |
Collapse
|