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Munhoz AC, Serna JDC, Vilas-Boas EA, Caldeira da Silva CC, Santos TG, Mosele FC, Felisbino SL, Martins VR, Kowaltowski AJ. Adiponectin reverses β-Cell damage and impaired insulin secretion induced by obesity. Aging Cell 2023:e13827. [PMID: 37060190 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity significantly decreases life expectancy and increases the incidence of age-related dysfunctions, including β-cell dysregulation leading to inadequate insulin secretion. Here, we show that diluted plasma from obese human donors acutely impairs β-cell integrity and insulin secretion relative to plasma from lean subjects. Similar results were observed with diluted sera from obese rats fed ad libitum, when compared to sera from lean, calorically restricted, animals. The damaging effects of obese circulating factors on β-cells occurs in the absence of nutrient overload, and mechanistically involves mitochondrial dysfunction, limiting glucose-supported oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. We demonstrate that increased levels of adiponectin, as found in lean plasma, are the protective characteristic preserving β-cell function; indeed, sera from adiponectin knockout mice limits β-cell metabolic fluxes relative to controls. Furthermore, oxidative phosphorylation and glucose-sensitive insulin secretion, which are completely abrogated in the absence of this hormone, are restored by the presence of adiponectin alone, surprisingly even in the absence of other serological components, for both the insulin-secreting INS1 cell line and primary islets. The addition of adiponectin to cells treated with plasma from obese donors completely restored β-cell functional integrity, indicating the lack of this hormone was causative of the dysfunction. Overall, our results demonstrate that low circulating adiponectin is a key damaging element for β-cells, and suggest strong therapeutic potential for the modulation of the adiponectin signaling pathway in the prevention of age-related β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Munhoz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julian D C Serna
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tiago G Santos
- Centro Internacional de Pesquisa (CIPE), A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francielle C Mosele
- Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu (IBB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Sergio L Felisbino
- Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu (IBB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Vilma Regina Martins
- Centro Internacional de Pesquisa (CIPE), A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Dietary regulation in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:252. [PMID: 35871218 PMCID: PMC9308782 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutriments have been deemed to impact all physiopathologic processes. Recent evidences in molecular medicine and clinical trials have demonstrated that adequate nutrition treatments are the golden criterion for extending healthspan and delaying ageing in various species such as yeast, drosophila, rodent, primate and human. It emerges to develop the precision-nutrition therapeutics to slow age-related biological processes and treat diverse diseases. However, the nutritive advantages frequently diversify among individuals as well as organs and tissues, which brings challenges in this field. In this review, we summarize the different forms of dietary interventions extensively prescribed for healthspan improvement and disease treatment in pre-clinical or clinical. We discuss the nutrient-mediated mechanisms including metabolic regulators, nutritive metabolism pathways, epigenetic mechanisms and circadian clocks. Comparably, we describe diet-responsive effectors by which dietary interventions influence the endocrinic, immunological, microbial and neural states responsible for improving health and preventing multiple diseases in humans. Furthermore, we expatiate diverse patterns of dietotheroapies, including different fasting, calorie-restricted diet, ketogenic diet, high-fibre diet, plants-based diet, protein restriction diet or diet with specific reduction in amino acids or microelements, potentially affecting the health and morbid states. Altogether, we emphasize the profound nutritional therapy, and highlight the crosstalk among explored mechanisms and critical factors to develop individualized therapeutic approaches and predictors.
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Evaluating the beneficial effects of dietary restrictions: A framework for precision nutrigeroscience. Cell Metab 2021; 33:2142-2173. [PMID: 34555343 PMCID: PMC8845500 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) has long been viewed as the most robust nongenetic means to extend lifespan and healthspan. Many aging-associated mechanisms are nutrient responsive, but despite the ubiquitous functions of these pathways, the benefits of DR often vary among individuals and even among tissues within an individual, challenging the aging research field. Furthermore, it is often assumed that lifespan interventions like DR will also extend healthspan, which is thus often ignored in aging studies. In this review, we provide an overview of DR as an intervention and discuss the mechanisms by which it affects lifespan and various healthspan measures. We also review studies that demonstrate exceptions to the standing paradigm of DR being beneficial, thus raising new questions that future studies must address. We detail critical factors for the proposed field of precision nutrigeroscience, which would utilize individualized treatments and predict outcomes using biomarkers based on genotype, sex, tissue, and age.
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4
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Sirtuin 1 and Skin: Implications in Intrinsic and Extrinsic Aging-A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040813. [PMID: 33917352 PMCID: PMC8067363 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin, as the outermost organ of the body, is constantly exposed to both intrinsic and extrinsic causative factors of aging. Intrinsic aging is related to compromised cellular proliferative capacity, and may be accelerated by harmful environmental influences with the greatest significance of ultraviolet radiation exposure, contributing not only to premature aging, but also to skin carcinogenesis. The overall skin cancer burden and steadily increasing global antiaging market provide an incentive for searching novel targets to improve skin resistance against external injury. Sirtuin 1, initially linked to extension of yeast and rodent lifespan, plays a key role in epigenetic modification of proteins, histones, and chromatin by which regulates the expression of genes implicated in the oxidative stress response and apoptosis. The spectrum of cellular pathways regulated by sirtuin 1 suggests its beneficial impact on skin aging. However, the data on its role in carcinogenesis remains controversial. The aim of this review was to discuss the relevance of sirtuin 1 in skin aging, in the context of intrinsic factors, related to genetic premature aging syndromes, as well as extrinsic modifiable ones, with the assessment of its future application. PubMed were searched from inception to 4 January 2021 for relevant papers with further search carried out on ClinicalTrials.gov. The systematic review included 46 eligible original articles. The evidence from numerous studies proves sirtuin 1 significance in both chronological and premature aging as well as its dual role in cancer development. Several botanical compounds hold the potential to improve skin aging symptoms.
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5
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Ghosh AK, O’Brien M, Mau T, Qi N, Yung R. Adipose Tissue Senescence and Inflammation in Aging is Reversed by the Young Milieu. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:1709-1715. [PMID: 30590424 PMCID: PMC6777079 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) inflammation plays a central role in longevity and multiple age-related disorders. Cellular senescence (SEN) is a fundamental aging mechanism that contributes to age-related chronic inflammation and organ dysfunction, including VAT. Recent studies using heterochronic parabiosis models strongly suggested that circulating factors in young plasma alter the aging phenotypes of old animals. Our study investigated if young plasma rescued SEN phenotypes in the VAT of aging mice. With heterochronic parabiosis model using young (3 months) and old (18 months) mice, we found significant reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and altered adipokine profile that are protective of SEN in the VAT of old mice. These data are indicative of protection from SEN of aging VAT by young blood circulation. Old parabionts also exhibited diminished expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) genes p16 (Cdkn2a) and p21 (Cdkn1a/Cip1) in the VAT. In addition, when exposed to young serum condition in an ex vivo culture system, aging adipose tissue-derived stromovascular fraction cells produced significantly lower amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1 and IL-6) compared to old condition. Expressions of p16 and p21 genes were also diminished in the old stromovascular fraction cells under young serum condition. Finally, in 3T3-preadipocytes culture system, we found reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (Mcp-1 and Il-6) and diminished expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor genes in the presence of young serum compared to old serum. In summary, this study demonstrates that young milieu is capable of protecting aging adipose tissue from SEN and thereby inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiya Kumar Ghosh
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Martin O’Brien
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Theresa Mau
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Nathan Qi
- Animal Phenotyping Core, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Raymond Yung
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Cells in Natural Aging and Premature Aging Diseases. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120268. [PMID: 30545089 PMCID: PMC6315602 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin undergoes continuous renewal throughout an individual’s lifetime relying on stem cell functionality. However, a decline of the skin regenerative potential occurs with age. The accumulation of senescent cells over time probably reduces tissue regeneration and contributes to skin aging. Keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts undergo senescence in response to several intrinsic or extrinsic stresses, including telomere shortening, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, diet, and sunlight exposure. Epigenetic mechanisms directly regulate skin homeostasis and regeneration, but they also mark cell senescence and the natural and pathological aging processes. Progeroid syndromes represent a group of clinical and genetically heterogeneous pathologies characterized by the accelerated aging of various tissues and organs, including skin. Skin cells from progeroid patients display molecular hallmarks that mimic those associated with naturally occurring aging. Thus, investigations on progeroid syndromes strongly contribute to disclose the causal mechanisms that underlie the aging process. In the present review, we discuss the role of epigenetic pathways in skin cell regulation during physiologic and premature aging.
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Chen YC, Jiang PH, Chen HM, Chen CH, Wang YT, Chen YJ, Yu CJ, Teng SC. Glucose intake hampers PKA-regulated HSP90 chaperone activity. eLife 2018; 7:39925. [PMID: 30516470 PMCID: PMC6281317 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an intricate phenomenon associated with the gradual loss of physiological functions, and both nutrient sensing and proteostasis control lifespan. Although multiple approaches have facilitated the identification of candidate genes that govern longevity, the molecular mechanisms that link aging pathways are still elusive. Here, we conducted a quantitative mass spectrometry screen and identified all phosphorylation/dephosphorylation sites on yeast proteins that significantly responded to calorie restriction, a well-established approach to extend lifespan. Functional screening of 135 potential regulators uncovered that Ids2 is activated by PP2C under CR and inactivated by PKA under glucose intake. ids2Δ or ids2 phosphomimetic cells displayed heat sensitivity and lifespan shortening. Ids2 serves as a co-chaperone to form a complex with Hsc82 or the redundant Hsp82, and phosphorylation impedes its association with chaperone HSP90. Thus, PP2C and PKA may orchestrate glucose sensing and protein folding to enable cells to maintain protein quality for sustained longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Chen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Heng Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Ming Chen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Han Chen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Teng
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Zhang L, Wei C, Ruan Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Lei D. Serum containing Buyang Huanwu decoction prevents age-associated migration and invasion of human vascular smooth muscle cells by up regulating SIRT1 expression. Biosci Trends 2018; 12:282-290. [PMID: 29952352 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2018.01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The migration and invasion of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) caused by advanced aging play an important role in diffuse intimal thickening, facilitate adverse arterial remodeling and contribute to the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases. The inhibitory function of Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD) has been found on aortic intimal hyperplasia and VSMC proliferation, but its effect on age-associated migration and invasion remains unknown. Here, we used an in vitro angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced senescence model to study the effects of serum containing BYHWD (BYHWS) on the migratory and invasive capacities, matrix metalloprotease type 2 (MMP-2) expression and modulation of sirtuin1 (SIRT1) signaling in human aorta VSMCs (HA-VAMCs). Our results showed that BYHWS was able to inhibit Ang II-induced migration and invasion, with down-regulation of MMP-2. In addition, manipulation of SIRT1 by either over-expression or siRNA knockdown ameliorated or promoted cellular migration and invasion, respectively. Moreover, BYHWS reversed senescence-mediated decrease of SIRT1 levels and SIRT1 was required for BYHWS regulation on migration and invasion of senescent HA-VAMCs. In summary, our data demonstrated that BYHWS suppressed the migration and invasion of age-associated VSMC via an increase of the SIRT1 level, which provides novel insights for the therapy of age-associated cardiovascular diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/drug effects
- Aging/physiology
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Aorta/cytology
- Aorta/physiology
- Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cellular Senescence/drug effects
- Cellular Senescence/physiology
- Down-Regulation
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Humans
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/physiology
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Sirtuin 1/genetics
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Chunshan Wei
- Department of Liver Disease, Shenzhen Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yunjun Ruan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Veterinary medicine, Northeast Agricultural University
| | - Yuliang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Da Lei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
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Conditioned medium derived from rat amniotic epithelial cells confers protection against inflammation, cancer, and senescence. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39051-39064. [PMID: 27259996 PMCID: PMC5129913 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) are a class of fetal stem cells that derives from the epiblast and resides in the amnion until birth. AECs are suitable candidates for regenerative medicine because of the ease of collection, their low immunogenicity and inability to form tumors after transplantation. Even though human AECs have been widely investigated, the fact remains that very little is known about AECs isolated from rat, one of the most common animal models in medical testing. In this study, we showed that rat AECs retained stemness properties and plasticity, expressed the pluripotency markers Sox2, Nanog, and Oct4 and were able to differentiate toward the osteogenic lineage. The addition of conditioned medium collected from rat AECs to lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages elicited anti-inflammatory properties through a decrease of Tnfa expression and slowed tumor cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype was also significantly lower upon incubation of senescent human IMR-90 fibroblast cells with conditioned medium from rat AECs. These results confirm the potential of AECs in the modulation of inflammatory mechanisms and open new therapeutic possibilities for regenerative medicine and anti-aging therapies as well.
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Zhang N, Li Z, Mu W, Li L, Liang Y, Lu M, Wang Z, Qiu Y, Wang Z. Calorie restriction-induced SIRT6 activation delays aging by suppressing NF-κB signaling. Cell Cycle 2017; 15:1009-18. [PMID: 26940461 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1152427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) extends lifespan from yeast to mammals. SIRT6 is a member of the sirtuin family of NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylases, which is responsible for mediating the effects of CR. The transcription factor NF-κB, which is involved in inflammation and aging, has been shown to be regulated by SIRT6. Here we describe the crucial role of SIRT6 in aging and inflammation. We show that CR had improved renal insufficiency and enhanced SIRT6 expression after 6-month treatment in aged mice. Culture cells in low glucose (LG) conditions also showed resistance to cell senescence and enhanced SIRT6 expression compared to normal glucose (NG) group, showing beneficial effects of the CR-mimic cultural conditions. Moreover, SIRT6 overexpression is sufficient to delay the replicative senescence of WI38 by attenuating NF-κB signaling, while SIRT6 knockdown results in accelerated cell senescence and overactive NF-κB signaling. These findings confirm the key status of CR and disclose the critical role of SIRT6 on aging and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Zhongchi Li
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Wei Mu
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Li
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Yaru Liang
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Maoyang Lu
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Zhuoran Wang
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Ying Qiu
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Zhao Wang
- a MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences , Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University , Beijing , P.R. China
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11
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Kaushik S, Cuervo AM. Proteostasis and aging. Nat Med 2016; 21:1406-15. [PMID: 26646497 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of intracellular damage is an almost universal hallmark of aging. An improved understanding of the systems that contribute to cellular protein quality control has shed light on the reasons for the increased vulnerability of the proteome to stress in aging cells. Maintenance of protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is attained through precisely coordinated systems that rapidly correct unwanted proteomic changes. Here we focus on recent developments that highlight the multidimensional nature of the proteostasis networks, which allow for coordinated protein homeostasis intracellularly, in between cells and even across organs, as well as on how they affect common age-associated diseases when they malfunction in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Kaushik
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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12
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Comparative cellular biogerontology: Where do we stand? Exp Gerontol 2015; 71:109-17. [PMID: 26343259 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the extreme variation in life spans among species, using a comparative approach to address fundamental questions about the aging process has much to offer. For example, maximum life span can vary by as much as several orders of magnitude among taxa. In recent years, using primary cell lines cultured from species with disparate life spans and aging rates has gained considerable momentum as a means to dissect the mechanisms underlying the variation in aging rates among animals. In this review, we reiterate the strengths of comparative cellular biogerontology, as well as provide a survey of the current state of the field. By and large this work sprang from early studies using cell lines derived from long-lived mutant mice. Specifically, they suggested that an enhanced resistance to cellular stress was strongly associated with increased longevity of select laboratory models. Since then, we and others have shown that the degree of stress resistance and species longevity is also correlated among cell lines derived from free-living populations of both mammals and birds, and more recent studies have begun to reveal the biochemical and physiological underpinnings to these differences. The continued study of cultured cell lines from vertebrates with disparate life spans is likely to provide considerable insight toward unifying mechanisms of longevity assurance.
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