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Parente AD, Bolland DE, Huisinga KL, Provost JJ. Physiology of malate dehydrogenase and how dysregulation leads to disease. Essays Biochem 2024:EBC20230085. [PMID: 38962852 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20230085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is pivotal in mammalian tissue metabolism, participating in various pathways beyond its classical roles and highlighting its adaptability to cellular demands. This enzyme is involved in maintaining redox balance, lipid synthesis, and glutamine metabolism and supports rapidly proliferating cells' energetic and biosynthetic needs. The involvement of MDH in glutamine metabolism underlines its significance in cell physiology. In contrast, its contribution to lipid metabolism highlights its role in essential biosynthetic processes necessary for cell maintenance and proliferation. The enzyme's regulatory mechanisms, such as post-translational modifications, underscore its complexity and importance in metabolic regulation, positioning MDH as a potential target in metabolic dysregulation. Furthermore, the association of MDH with various pathologies, including cancer and neurological disorders, suggests its involvement in disease progression. The overexpression of MDH isoforms MDH1 and MDH2 in cancers like breast, prostate, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, alongside structural modifications, implies their critical role in the metabolic adaptation of tumor cells. Additionally, mutations in MDH2 linked to pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other metabolic diseases emphasize MDH's role in metabolic homeostasis. This review spotlights MDH's potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target, advocating for further research into its multifunctional roles and regulatory mechanisms in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy D Parente
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mercyhurst University, Erie, PA, U.S.A
| | - Danielle E Bolland
- Department of Biology, University of Minnesota Morris, Morris, MN 56267, U.S.A
| | - Kathryn L Huisinga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Malone University, Canton, OH 44709, U.S.A
| | - Joseph J Provost
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA 92110, U.S.A
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2
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Pesämaa I, Müller SA, Robinson S, Darcher A, Paquet D, Zetterberg H, Lichtenthaler SF, Haass C. A microglial activity state biomarker panel differentiates FTD-granulin and Alzheimer's disease patients from controls. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:70. [PMID: 37775827 PMCID: PMC10543321 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00657-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the emergence of microglia-modulating therapies there is an urgent need for reliable biomarkers to evaluate microglial activation states. METHODS Using mouse models and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived microglia (hiMGL), genetically modified to yield the most opposite homeostatic (TREM2-knockout) and disease-associated (GRN-knockout) states, we identified microglia activity-dependent markers. Non-targeted mass spectrometry was used to identify proteomic changes in microglia and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of Grn- and Trem2-knockout mice. Additionally, we analyzed the proteome of GRN- and TREM2-knockout hiMGL and their conditioned media. Candidate marker proteins were tested in two independent patient cohorts, the ALLFTD cohort (GRN mutation carriers versus non-carriers), as well as the proteomic data set available from the EMIF-AD MBD study. RESULTS We identified proteomic changes between the opposite activation states in mouse microglia and CSF, as well as in hiMGL cell lysates and conditioned media. For further verification, we analyzed the CSF proteome of heterozygous GRN mutation carriers suffering from frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We identified a panel of six proteins (FABP3, MDH1, GDI1, CAPG, CD44, GPNMB) as potential indicators for microglial activation. Moreover, we confirmed three of these proteins (FABP3, GDI1, MDH1) to be significantly elevated in the CSF of Alzheimer's (AD) patients. Remarkably, each of these markers differentiated amyloid-positive cases with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from amyloid-negative individuals. CONCLUSIONS The identified candidate proteins reflect microglia activity and may be relevant for monitoring the microglial response in clinical practice and clinical trials modulating microglial activity and amyloid deposition. Moreover, the finding that three of these markers differentiate amyloid-positive from amyloid-negative MCI cases in the AD cohort suggests that these proteins associate with a very early immune response to seeded amyloid. This is consistent with our previous findings in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Disease Network (DIAN) cohort, where soluble TREM2 increases as early as 21 years before symptom onset. Moreover, in mouse models for amyloidogenesis, seeding of amyloid is limited by physiologically active microglia further supporting their early protective role. The biological functions of some of our main candidates (FABP3, CD44, GPNMB) also further emphasize that lipid dysmetabolism may be a common feature of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Pesämaa
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry & Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Stephan A Müller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Robinson
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences (GSN), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians- University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alana Darcher
- Epileptology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dominik Paquet
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians- University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry & Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Stefan F Lichtenthaler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Neuroproteomics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Haass
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Munich, Germany.
- Biomedical Centre (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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3
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Kwon HJ, Hahn KR, Kang MS, Choi JH, Moon SM, Yoon YS, Hwang IK, Kim DW. Tat-malate dehydrogenase fusion protein protects neurons from oxidative and ischemic damage by reduction of reactive oxygen species and modulation of glutathione redox system. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5653. [PMID: 37024665 PMCID: PMC10079925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32812-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) plays an important role in the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate during the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In this study, we examined the role of cytoplasmic MDH (MDH1) in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells and ischemia-induced neuronal damage in the gerbil hippocampus. The Tat-MDH1 fusion protein was constructed to enable the delivery of MDH1 into the intracellular space and penetration of the blood-brain barrier. Tat-MDH1, but not MDH1 control protein, showed significant cellular delivery in HT22 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and gradual intracellular degradation in HT22 cells. Treatment with 4 μM Tat-MDH1 significantly ameliorated 200 μM H2O2-induced cell death, DNA fragmentation, and reactive oxygen species formation in HT22 cells. Transient increases in MDH1 immunoreactivity were detected in the hippocampal CA1 region 6-12 h after ischemia, but MDH1 activity significantly decreased 2 days after ischemia. Supplementation of Tat-MDH1 immediately after ischemia alleviated ischemia-induced hyperlocomotion and neuronal damage 1 and 4 days after ischemia. In addition, treatment with Tat-MDH1 significantly ameliorated the increases in hydroperoxides, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species 2 days after ischemia. Tat-MDH1 treatment maintained the redox status of the glutathione system in the hippocampus 2 days after ischemia. These results suggest that Tat-MDH1 exerts neuroprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress and maintaining glutathione redox system in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Kyu Ri Hahn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Min Soo Kang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Jung Hoon Choi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Seung Myung Moon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, 07441, South Korea
- Research Institute for Complementary & Alternative Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24253, South Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, South Korea.
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Nafe R, Arendt CT, Hattingen E. Human prion diseases and the prion protein - what is the current state of knowledge? Transl Neurosci 2023; 14:20220315. [PMID: 37854584 PMCID: PMC10579786 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases and the prion protein are only partially understood so far in many aspects. This explains the continued research on this topic, calling for an overview on the current state of knowledge. The main objective of the present review article is to provide a comprehensive up-to-date presentation of all major features of human prion diseases bridging the gap between basic research and clinical aspects. Starting with the prion protein, current insights concerning its physiological functions and the process of pathological conversion will be highlighted. Diagnostic, molecular, and clinical aspects of all human prion diseases will be discussed, including information concerning rare diseases like prion-associated amyloidoses and Huntington disease-like 1, as well as the question about a potential human threat due to the transmission of prions from prion diseases of other species such as chronic wasting disease. Finally, recent attempts to develop future therapeutic strategies will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhold Nafe
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinics of Johann Wolfgang-Goethe University, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christophe T. Arendt
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinics of Johann Wolfgang-Goethe University, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elke Hattingen
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinics of Johann Wolfgang-Goethe University, Schleusenweg 2-16, 60528Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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5
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Altuna M, Ruiz I, Zelaya MV, Mendioroz M. Role of Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Prion Diseases: A Narrative Review. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58040473. [PMID: 35454316 PMCID: PMC9030755 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58040473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disorders with a low incidence (1.5–2 cases per million per year). Genetic (10–15%), acquired (anecdotal) and sporadic (85%) forms of the disease have been described. The clinical spectrum of prion diseases is very varied, although the most common symptoms are rapidly progressive dementia, cerebellar ataxia and myoclonus. Mean life expectancy from the onset of symptoms is 6 months. There are currently diagnostic criteria based on clinical phenotype, as well as neuroimaging biomarkers (magnetic resonance imaging), neurophysiological tests (electroencephalogram and polysomnogram), and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (14-3-3 protein and real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC)). The sensitivity and specificity of some of these tests (electroencephalogram and 14-3-3 protein) is under debate and the applicability of other tests, such as RT-QuIC, is not universal. However, the usefulness of these biomarkers beyond the most frequent prion disease, sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, remains unclear. Therefore, research is being carried out on new, more efficient cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (total tau, ratio total tau/phosphorylated tau and neurofilament light chain) and potential blood biomarkers (neurofilament light chain, among others) to try to universalize access to early diagnosis in the case of prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miren Altuna
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau—Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau—Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centre of Biomedical Investigation Network for Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- CITA-Alzheimer Foundation, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-935-56-59-86; Fax: +34-935-56-56-02
| | - Iñigo Ruiz
- Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau—Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau—Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - María Victoria Zelaya
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Maite Mendioroz
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Neuroepigenetics Laboratory-Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), 31006 Pamplona, Spain
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6
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Devi S, Karsauliya K, Srivastava T, Raj R, Kumar D, Priya S. Pesticide interactions induce alterations in secondary structure of malate dehydrogenase to cause destability and cytotoxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128074. [PMID: 33297076 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to pesticides increases the risk of neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases. The mechanism of pesticide-induced toxicity is attributed to the increased reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibition of key cellular enzymes and accelerated pathogenic protein aggregation. The structural basis of pesticide-protein interaction is limited to pathogenic proteins such as α-synuclein, Tau and amyloid-beta. However, the effect of pesticides on metabolic proteins is still unexplored. Here, we used rotenone and chlorpyrifos to understand the interaction of these pesticides with a metabolic protein, malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and the consequent pesticide-induced cytotoxicity. We found that rotenone and chlorpyrifos strongly bind to MDH, interferes with protein folding and triggers alteration in its secondary structure. Both pesticides showed high binding affinities for MDH as observed by NMR and LCMS. Rotenone and chlorpyrifos induced structural alterations during MDH refolding resulting in the formation of cytotoxic conformers that generated oxidative stress and reduced cell viability. Our findings suggest that pesticides, in general, interact with proteins resulting in the formation of cytotoxic conformers that may have implications in neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Devi
- System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kajal Karsauliya
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India; Pesticide Toxicology Laboratory & Regulatory Toxicology Group, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tulika Srivastava
- System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ritu Raj
- Centre of BioMedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre of BioMedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Smriti Priya
- System Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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7
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Zerr I, Cramm M, da Silva Correia SM, Zafar S, Villar-Piqué A, Llorens F, Schmitz M. Optimization of the Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion Assay for Prion Disease Diagnosis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:586890. [PMID: 33330419 PMCID: PMC7710546 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.586890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay is a highly reproducible and robust methodology exhibiting an excellent pre-mortem diagnostic accuracy for prion diseases. However, the protocols might be time-consuming and improvement of the detection technology is needed. In the present study, we investigated the influence of a pre-analytical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) treatment with proteinase K (PK) on the kinetic of the RT-QuIC signal response. For this purpose, we added PK at different concentrations in RT-QuIC reactions seeded with Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (sCJD) CSF. We observed that a mild pre-analytical PK treatment of CSF samples resulted in an increased seeding efficiency of the RT-QuIC reaction. Quantitative seeding parameters, such as a higher area under the curve (AUC) value or a shorter lag phase indicated a higher conversion efficiency after treatment. The diagnostic accuracy resulting from 2 μg/ml PK treatment was analyzed in a retrospective study, where we obtained a sensitivity of 89%. Additionally, we analyzed the agreement with the previously established standard RT-QuIC protocol without PK treatment in a prospective study. Here, we found an overall agreement of 94% to 96%. A Cohen’s kappa of 0.9036 (95% CI: 0.8114–0.9958) indicates an almost perfect agreement between both protocols. In conclusion, the outcome of our study can be used for a further optimization of the RT-QuIC assay in particular for a reduction of the testing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maria Cramm
- Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susana Margarida da Silva Correia
- Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Saima Zafar
- Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Department, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anna Villar-Piqué
- Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Franc Llorens
- Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Health Carlos III, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthias Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Hong RH, Zhu J, Li ZZ, Yuan J, Zhao P, Ding J, Fan QL, Yang J, Liu BG, Cai J, Zhu DS, Guan YT. Red blood cell distribution width is associated with neuronal damage in acute ischemic stroke. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:9855-9867. [PMID: 32445553 PMCID: PMC7288978 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been found to be associated with the occurrence of ischemic stroke. However, there is no defined relationship between RDW and neuronal damage in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study was designed to determine the relationship between RDW and neuronal damage in AIS patients. A total of 442 consecutive AIS patients from January 2018 to June 2019 were evaluated for neuronal damage, which was estimated by serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels. Red blood cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD), a parameter that reflects the heterogeneity of red blood cell volume, was also assessed. We evaluated the association between the RDW-SD and serum NSE level through multivariate-adjusted linear regression analysis. Both the serum NSE level and the incidence of high NSE increased according to the increased RDW-SD tertile in AIS patients (p<0.01). There was a positive correlation between RDW-SD and serum NSE levels (r=0.275, 95% CI: 0.187-0.359, p<0.001). The beta coefficients (95% CI) between RDW-SD and serum NSE levels were 0.32 (0.21-0.42, p<0.001) and 0.26 (0.15-0.38, p<0.001), respectively, in AIS patients before and after adjusting for potential confounders. In conclusion, we found a significant positive association between RDW-SD and neuronal damage in AIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Hua Hong
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ze-Zhi Li
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jian Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Pei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qing-Lei Fan
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bao-Guo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jian Cai
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China.,Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - De-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200444, China.,Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yang-Tai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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9
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Liu L, Wu Q, Zhong W, Chen Y, Zhang W, Ren H, Sun L, Sun J. Microarray Analysis of Differential Gene Expression in Alzheimer's Disease Identifies Potential Biomarkers with Diagnostic Value. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919249. [PMID: 31984950 PMCID: PMC7001516 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) is a common and fatal subtype of dementia that remains a challenge to diagnose and treat. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers that influence the prognosis of AD. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 6 gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were assessed for their potential as AD biomarkers. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the prediction analysis for microarray (PAM) algorithm and obtained hub genes through the analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module analysis. RESULTS We identified 6 gene expression profiles from the GEO database and assessed their potential as AD biomarkers. Shared gene sets were extracted and integrated into large expression profile matrices. We identified 2514 DEGs including 68 upregulated- and 2446 downregulated genes through analysis of the limma package. We screened 379 significant DEGs including 68 upregulated and 307 downregulated genes for their ability to distinguish AD from control samples using PAM algorithm. Functional enrichment of the 379 target genes was produced from Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery.(DAVID) and included histone function, beta receptor signaling, cell growth, and angiogenesis. The downregulated genes were significantly enriched in MAPK signaling, synaptic signaling, neuronal apoptosis and AD associated pathways. Upon analysis of the PPI network, 32 hub genes including ENO2, CCT2, CALM2, ACACB, ATP5B, MDH1, and PP2CA were screened. Of these hub genes, NFKBIA and ACACB were upregulated and 29 genes were downregulated in AD patients. CONCLUSIONS We screened 379 significant DEGs as potential biomarkers of AD using PAM and obtained 32 hub genes through PPI network and module analysis. These findings reveal new potential AD biomarkers with prognostic and therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Liu
- Pharmaceutical College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qin Wu
- Medical Technology College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Zhong
- School of Public Foundation, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Ren
- Pharmaceutical College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ling Sun
- Pharmaceutical College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jihu Sun
- Department of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Zerr I, Villar-Piqué A, Schmitz VE, Poleggi A, Pocchiari M, Sánchez-Valle R, Calero M, Calero O, Baldeiras I, Santana I, Kovacs GG, Llorens F, Schmitz M. Evaluation of Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Malate Dehydrogenase 1 as a Marker in Genetic Prion Disease Patients. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120800. [PMID: 31795176 PMCID: PMC6995564 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploration of accurate diagnostic markers for differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is an ongoing topic. A previous study on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1) in sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (sCJD) patients revealed a highly significant upregulation of MDH1. Here, we measured the CSF levels of MDH1 via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a cohort of rare genetic prion disease cases, such as genetic CJD (gCJD) cases, exhibiting the E200K, V210I, P102L (Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome (GSS)), or D178N (fatal familial insomnia (FFI)) mutations in the PRNP. Interestingly, we observed enhanced levels of CSF-MDH1 in all genetic prion disease patients compared to neurological controls (without neurodegeneration). While E200K and V210I carriers showed highest levels of MDH1 with diagnostic discrimination from controls of 0.87 and 0.85 area under the curve (AUC), FFI and GSS patients exhibited only moderately higher CSF-MDH1 levels than controls. An impact of the PRNP codon 129 methionine/valine (MV) genotype on the amount of MDH1 could be excluded. A correlation study of MDH1 levels with other neurodegenerative marker proteins revealed a significant positive correlation between CSF-MDH1 concentration with total tau (tau) but not with 14-3-3 in E200K, as well as in V210I patients. In conclusion, our study indicated the potential use of MDH1 as marker for gCJD patients which may complement the current panel of diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, National Reference Center for CJD Surveillance University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)—Göttingen campus, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence: (I.Z.); (A.V.-P.); (F.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Anna Villar-Piqué
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (O.C.)
- Correspondence: (I.Z.); (A.V.-P.); (F.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Vanda Edit Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, National Reference Center for CJD Surveillance University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Anna Poleggi
- Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Maurizio Pocchiari
- Department of Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Miguel Calero
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (O.C.)
- Research Program on Digital Health, Chronicity and Healthcare Services (CROSADIS-UFIEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Calero
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (O.C.)
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.B.); (I.S.)
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santana
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.B.); (I.S.)
- Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gabor G. Kovacs
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- University of Toronto, Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Franc Llorens
- Department of Neurology, National Reference Center for CJD Surveillance University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (O.C.)
- Correspondence: (I.Z.); (A.V.-P.); (F.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthias Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, National Reference Center for CJD Surveillance University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)—Göttingen campus, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence: (I.Z.); (A.V.-P.); (F.L.); (M.S.)
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Proteomic analysis of protein homeostasis and aggregation. J Proteomics 2018; 198:98-112. [PMID: 30529741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) refers to the ability of cells to preserve the correct balance between protein synthesis, folding and degradation. Proteostasis is essential for optimal cell growth and survival under stressful conditions. Various extracellular and intracellular stresses including heat shock, oxidative stress, proteasome malfunction, mutations and aging-related modifications can result in disturbed proteostasis manifested by enhanced misfolding and aggregation of proteins. To limit protein misfolding and aggregation cells have evolved various strategies including molecular chaperones, proteasome system and autophagy. Molecular chaperones assist folding of proteins, protect them from denaturation and facilitate renaturation of the misfolded polypeptides, whereas proteasomes and autophagosomes remove the irreversibly damaged proteins. The impairment of proteostasis results in protein aggregation that is a major pathological hallmark of numerous age-related disorders, such as cataract, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and prion diseases. To discover protein markers and speed up diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases accompanied by protein aggregation, proteomic tools have increasingly been used in recent years. Systematic and exhaustive analysis of the changes that occur in the proteomes of affected tissues and biofluids in humans or in model organisms is one of the most promising approaches to reveal mechanisms underlying protein aggregation diseases, improve their diagnosis and develop therapeutic strategies. Significance: In this review we outline the elements responsible for maintaining cellular proteostasis and present the overview of proteomic studies focused on protein-aggregation diseases. These studies provide insights into the mechanisms responsible for age-related disorders and reveal new potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntigton's and prion diseases.
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