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Wang Y, Li J, Nakahata S, Iha H. Complex Role of Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) in the Tumor Microenvironment: Their Molecular Mechanisms and Bidirectional Effects on Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7346. [PMID: 39000453 PMCID: PMC11242872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) possess unique immunosuppressive activity among CD4-positive T cells. Tregs are ubiquitously present in mammals and function to calm excessive immune responses, thereby suppressing allergies or autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, due to their immunosuppressive function, Tregs are thought to promote cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a multicellular system composed of many cell types, including tumor cells, infiltrating immune cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Within this environment, Tregs are recruited by chemokines and metabolic factors and impede effective anti-tumor responses. However, in some cases, their presence can also improve patient's survival rates. Their functional consequences may vary across tumor types, locations, and stages. An in-depth understanding of the precise roles and mechanisms of actions of Treg is crucial for developing effective treatments, emphasizing the need for further investigation and validation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the complex and multifaceted roles of Tregs within the TME, elucidating cellular communications, signaling pathways, and their impacts on tumor progression and highlighting their potential anti-tumor mechanisms through interactions with functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Japan;
| | - Jiazhou Li
- Division of Biological Information Technology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
- Division of HTLV-1/ATL Carcinogenesis and Therapeutics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Shingo Nakahata
- Division of HTLV-1/ATL Carcinogenesis and Therapeutics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Hidekatsu Iha
- Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5593, Japan;
- Division of Pathophysiology, The Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases (RCGLID), Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan
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Li Y, Zhang C, Jiang A, Lin A, Liu Z, Cheng X, Wang W, Cheng Q, Zhang J, Wei T, Luo P. Potential anti-tumor effects of regulatory T cells in the tumor microenvironment: a review. J Transl Med 2024; 22:293. [PMID: 38509593 PMCID: PMC10953261 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing the transcription factor FoxP3 are essential for maintaining immunological balance and are a significant component of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Single-cell RNA sequencing (ScRNA-seq) technology has shown that Tregs exhibit significant plasticity and functional diversity in various tumors within the TME. This results in Tregs playing a dual role in the TME, which is not always centered around supporting tumor progression as typically believed. Abundant data confirms the anti-tumor activities of Tregs and their correlation with enhanced patient prognosis in specific types of malignancies. In this review, we summarize the potential anti-tumor actions of Tregs, including suppressing tumor-promoting inflammatory responses and boosting anti-tumor immunity. In addition, this study outlines the spatial and temporal variations in Tregs function to emphasize that their predictive significance in malignancies may change. It is essential to comprehend the functional diversity and potential anti-tumor effects of Tregs to improve tumor therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cangang Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiangshu Cheng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road. Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongiiang, China
| | - Wanting Wang
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ting Wei
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Peng Luo
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Giriyappagoudar M, Vastrad B, Horakeri R, Vastrad C. Study on Potential Differentially Expressed Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Bioinformatics and Next-Generation Sequencing Data Analysis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3109. [PMID: 38137330 PMCID: PMC10740779 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease with reduced quality of life and earlier mortality, but its pathogenesis and key genes are still unclear. In this investigation, bioinformatics was used to deeply analyze the pathogenesis of IPF and related key genes, so as to investigate the potential molecular pathogenesis of IPF and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Next-generation sequencing dataset GSE213001 was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between IPF and normal control group. The DEGs between IPF and normal control group were screened with the DESeq2 package of R language. The Gene Ontology (GO) and REACTOME pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed. Using the g:Profiler, the function and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed. Then, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via the Integrated Interactions Database (IID) database. Cytoscape with Network Analyzer was used to identify the hub genes. miRNet and NetworkAnalyst databaseswereused to construct the targeted microRNAs (miRNAs), transcription factors (TFs), and small drug molecules. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to validate the hub genes. A total of 958 DEGs were screened out in this study, including 479 up regulated genes and 479 down regulated genes. Most of the DEGs were significantly enriched in response to stimulus, GPCR ligand binding, microtubule-based process, and defective GALNT3 causes HFTC. In combination with the results of the PPI network, miRNA-hub gene regulatory network and TF-hub gene regulatory network, hub genes including LRRK2, BMI1, EBP, MNDA, KBTBD7, KRT15, OTX1, TEKT4, SPAG8, and EFHC2 were selected. Cyclothiazide and rotigotinethe are predicted small drug molecules for IPF treatment. Our findings will contribute to identification of potential biomarkers and novel strategies for the treatment of IPF, and provide a novel strategy for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muttanagouda Giriyappagoudar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), Hubballi 580022, Karnataka, India;
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. Socitey’s College of Pharmacy, Gadag 582101, Karnataka, India;
| | - Rajeshwari Horakeri
- Department of Computer Science, Govt First Grade College, Hubballi 580032, Karnataka, India;
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
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Application of ATAC-seq in tumor-specific T cell exhaustion. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1-10. [PMID: 35794339 PMCID: PMC9842510 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Researches show that chronic viral infection and persistent antigen and/or inflammatory signal exposure in cancer causes the functional status of T cells to be altered, mainly by major changes in the epigenetic and metabolic environment, which then leads to T cell exhaustion. The discovery of the immune checkpoint pathway is an important milestone in understanding and reversing T cell exhaustion. Antibodies targeting these pathways have shown superior ability to reverse T cell exhaustion. However, there are still some limitations in immune checkpoint blocking therapy, such as the short-term nature of therapeutic effects and high individual heterogeneity. Assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing(ATAC-seq) is a method used to analyze the accessibility of whole-genome chromatin. It uses hyperactive Tn5 transposase to assess chromatin accessibility. Recently, a growing number of studies have reported that ATAC-seq can be used to characterize the dynamic changes of epigenetics in the process of T cell exhaustion. It has been determined that immune checkpoint blocking can only temporarily restore the function of exhausted T cells because of an irreversible change in the epigenetics of exhausted T cells. In this study, we review the latest developments, which provide a clearer molecular understanding of T cell exhaustion, reveal potential new therapeutic targets for persistent viral infection and cancer, and provide new insights for designing effective immunotherapy for treating cancer and chronic infection.
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Stefàno E, Muscella A, Benedetti M, De Castro F, Fanizzi FP, Marsigliante S. Antitumor and antimigration effects of a new Pt compound on neuroblastoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115124. [PMID: 35688179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Among the new Pt complexes with anticancer properties, phenanthroline derivatives have aroused great interest due to their different mode of action compared to cisplatin. We previously examined cytotoxic effects of a new Pt(II)-complex containing 1,10-phenantroline (phen), [Pt(η1-C2H4OMe)(DMSO)(phen)]Cl, in a panel of eight human cancer cell lines, and showed that it exerted the greatest cytotoxic effect in the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. In this study, the antiproliferative and antimetastatic potential of [Pt(η1-C2H4OMe)(DMSO)(phen)]+ (in short Pt-EtOMeSOphen) was investigated in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, SK-N-SH and SK-N-BE(2) cells. Pt-EtOMeSOphen provoked the early signs of apoptosis induction (cleavage of PARP and activation of caspases-9 and -7); it also increased the level of proapoptotic Bax protein whereas it decreased the level of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein. The effects of Pt-EtOMeSOphen on migration and invasion processes were also evaluated. A decrease of cell migration/invasion by Pt-EtOMeSOphen was observed through 2D and 3D in vitro assays. Pt-EtOMeSOphen was found to exert its actions by decreasing MMP-9 and MMP-2 expressions and activities. Pt-EtOMeSOphen provoked the phosphorylation of both ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs. All the effects of Pt-EtOMeSOphen on SH-SY5Y cell vitality, migration and metalloproteases activities described here were due to the activation of p38 MAPK since pharmacological p38 MAPK inhibition or small interfering RNAs to p38 MAPK mRNA blocked such effects. Results suggest that Pt-EtOMeSOphen inhibits neuroblastoma cancer cells survival, motility, and invasion. This could lead to the reduction of neuroblastoma metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Stefàno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella Muscella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Michele Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Federica De Castro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, Centro Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Feng W, Lin A, Sun L, Wei T, Ying H, Zhang J, Luo P, Zhu W. Activation of the chemokine receptor 3 pathway leads to a better response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:186. [PMID: 35562800 PMCID: PMC9107140 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02604-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made important breakthrough in anti-tumor therapy, however, no single biomarker can accurately predict their efficacy. Studies have found that tumor microenvironment is a key factor for determining the response to ICI therapy. Cytokine receptor 3 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 3, CXCR3) pathway has been reported to play an important role in the migration, activation, and response of immune cells. We analyzed survival data, genomics, and clinical data from patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who received ICI treatment to explore the relationship between CXCR3 pathway activation and the effectiveness of ICIs. The Cancer Genome Atlas Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma cohort and six other cohorts receiving ICI treatment were used for mechanism exploration and validation. In the ICI cohort, we performed univariate and multivariate COX analyses and discovered that patients in the CXCR3-high group were more sensitive to ICI treatment. A Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that patients in the high CXCR3-high group had a better prognosis than those in the CXCR3-low group (P = 0.0001, Hazard Ratio = 0.56; 95% CI 0.42−0.75). CIBERSORT analysis found that mUC patients in the CXCR3-high group had higher levels of activated CD8+ T cells, M1 macrophages, and activated NK cells and less regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltration. Immunogenicity analysis showed the CXCR3-high group had higher tumor neoantigen burden (TNB). Our study suggests that CXCR3 pathway activation may be a novel predictive biomarker for the effectiveness of immunotherapy in mUC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Feng
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Le Sun
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoxuan Ying
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
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Lin A, Qi C, Li M, Guan R, Imyanitov EN, Mitiushkina NV, Cheng Q, Liu Z, Wang X, Lyu Q, Zhang J, Luo P. Deep Learning Analysis of the Adipose Tissue and the Prediction of Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer. Front Nutr 2022; 9:869263. [PMID: 35634419 PMCID: PMC9131178 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.869263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has shown that the lipid microenvironment surrounding colorectal cancer (CRC) is closely associated with the occurrence, development, and metastasis of CRC. According to pathological images from the National Center for Tumor diseases (NCT), the University Medical Center Mannheim (UMM) database and the ImageNet data set, a model called VGG19 was pre-trained. A deep convolutional neural network (CNN), VGG19CRC, was trained by the migration learning method. According to the VGG19CRC model, adipose tissue scores were calculated for TCGA-CRC hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images and images from patients at Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University and First People's Hospital of Chenzhou. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis was used to compare the overall survival (OS) of patients. The XCell and MCP-Counter algorithms were used to evaluate the immune cell scores of the patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) were used to analyze upregulated and downregulated pathways. In TCGA-CRC, patients with high-adipocytes (high-ADI) CRC had significantly shorter OS times than those with low-ADI CRC. In a validation queue from Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University (Local-CRC1), patients with high-ADI had worse OS than CRC patients with low-ADI. In another validation queue from First People's Hospital of Chenzhou (Local-CRC2), patients with low-ADI CRC had significantly longer OS than patients with high-ADI CRC. We developed a deep convolution network to segment various tissues from pathological H&E images of CRC and automatically quantify ADI. This allowed us to further analyze and predict the survival of CRC patients according to information from their segmented pathological tissue images, such as tissue components and the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Qi
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mujiao Li
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Information, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Guan
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Evgeny N. Imyanitov
- Department of Tumor Growth Biology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Mitiushkina
- Department of Tumor Growth Biology, N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- First People's Hospital of Chenzhou City, Chenzhou, China
| | - Qingwen Lyu
- Department of Information, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingwen Lyu
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Jian Zhang
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Peng Luo
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Lin A, Zhou N, Zhu W, Zhang J, Wei T, Guo L, Luo P, Zhang J. Genomic and immunological profiles of small-cell lung cancer between East Asians and Caucasian. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:173. [PMID: 35488336 PMCID: PMC9052616 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02588-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of immunological and genomic differences in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) between East Asian (EA) and Caucasian patients can reveal important clinical therapies for EA patients with SCLC. By sequencing and analyzing a molecular and immunological dataset of 98-SCLC patients of EA ancestry, immunogenicity, including DNA damage repair alterations and tumor mutation burden (TMB), was found to be significantly higher in the EA cohort than in the Caucasian cohort. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was the signaling signature with the predominant frequency of mutations across all patients in the EA cohort. Analysis of tumor-infiltrated immune cells revealed that resting lymphocytes were significantly enriched in the EA cohort. Compound-targeting analysis showed that topoisomerase inhibitors might be capable of targeting TP53 and RB1 comutations in EA SCLC patients. EA SCLC patients who harbored COL6A6 mutations had poor survival, while Caucasian SCLC patients with OTOF, ANKRD30B, and TECPR2 mutations were identified to have a shorter survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningning Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiexia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
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Wu L, Wang X, He X, Li Q, Hua Q, Liu R, Qiu Z. MMP9 Expression Correlates With Cisplatin Resistance in Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:868203. [PMID: 35431936 PMCID: PMC9010875 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.868203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cisplatin is the basis of the primary treatment for SCLC chemotherapy. However, the limited objective response rate and definite drug resistance greatly restrict the clinical potential and therapeutic benefits of cisplatin use. Therefore, it is essential to identify biomarkers that can discern the sensitivity of SCLC patients to cisplatin treatment. Methods: We collected two SCLC cohorts treated with cisplatin that included mutation data, prognosis data and expression data. The sensitivity of cisplatin was evaluated by the pRRophetic algorithm. MCPcounter, quanTIseq, and xCell algorithms were used to evaluate immune cell score. GSEA and ssGSEA algorithms were used to calculate immune-related pathway scores. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were employed, and survival analysis was used to evaluate the prognostic value of the candidate genes. Results: MMP9-High is related to improved clinical prognoses of patients with SCLC (HR = 0.425, p = 0.0085; HR = 0.365, p = 0.0219). Multivariate results showed that MMP-High could be used as an independent predictor of the prognosis of SCLC after cisplatin treatment (HR = 0.216, p = 0.00153; HR = 0.352; p = 0.0199). In addition, MMP9-High displayed a significantly lower IC50 value of cisplatin and higher immunogenicity than MMP9-Low SCLC. Compared with MMP9-Low SCLC, MMP9-High included significantly increased levels of T-cells, cytoxic lymphocytes, B-cells, NK-cells, and dense cells (DCS). Similarly, the activity of cytokine binding, B-cell, NK-cell mediated immune response chemokine binding, and antigen presentation pathways in MMP9-High was significantly higher than that in MMP9-Low. Conclusion: In this study, we identified that MMP9-High could be potentially considered a novel biomarker used to ascertain the improved prognosis of SCLC patients after cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, we indicated that the tumor immune microenvironment of MMP9-High SCLC is mainly characterized by a large number of infiltrated activated immune cells as well as activated immune-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longqiu Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiangcai Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qian Hua
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Rongrong Liu, ; Zhengang Qiu,
| | - Zhengang Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Rongrong Liu, ; Zhengang Qiu,
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10
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Yi Y, Qiu Z, Yao Z, Lin A, Qin Y, Sha R, Wei T, Wang Y, Cheng Q, Zhang J, Luo P, Shen W. CAMSAP1 Mutation Correlates With Improved Prognosis in Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:770811. [PMID: 35087829 PMCID: PMC8787262 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.770811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, due to patients developing a resistance to the drug, most experience relapse and their cancer can become untreatable. A large number of recent studies have found that platinum drug sensitivity of various cancers is affected by specific gene mutations, and so with this study, we attempted to find an effective genetic biomarker in SCLC patients that indicates their sensitivity to platinum-based drugs. To do this, we first analyzed whole exome sequencing (WES) and clinical data from two cohorts to find gene mutations related to the prognosis and to the platinum drug sensitivity of SCLC patients. The cohorts used were the Zhujiang cohort (N = 138) and the cohort reported by George et al. (N = 101). We then carried out gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to investigate possible molecular mechanisms through which these gene mutations affect patient prognosis and platinum drug sensitivity. We found that for SCLC patients, CAMSAP1 mutation can activate anti-tumor immunity, mediate tumor cell apoptosis, inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), improve prognosis, and improve platinum drug sensitivity, suggesting that CAMSAP1 mutation may be a potential biomarker indicating platinum drug sensitivity and patient prognosis in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Yi
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengang Qiu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zifu Yao
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Qin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhan Sha
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Center South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weitao Shen
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Gao Y, Lyu Q, Luo P, Li M, Zhou R, Zhang J, Lyu Q. Applications of Machine Learning to Predict Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:5911-5925. [PMID: 34588799 PMCID: PMC8473573 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s329644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lung cancer, mainly lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer, has the highest incidence and cancer-related mortality worldwide. Platinum-based chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of various lung cancer subtypes, but not all patients benefit from this treatment regimen; thus, it is worth identifying lung cancer patients who are resistant or sensitive to platinum-based therapy. Methods The drug response and sequencing data of 170 lung cancer cell lines were downloaded from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database, and support vector machines (SVMs) and beam search were used to select an optimal gene panel that can predict the sensitivity of cell lines to cisplatin. Then, we used available cell line data to explore the potential mechanisms. Results In this work, the drug response and sequencing data of 170 lung cancer cell lines were downloaded from the GDSC database, and SVMs and beam search were used to screen a panel of genes related to lung cancer cell line resistance to cisplatin. A final panel of nine genes (PLXNC1, KIAA0649, SPTBN4, SLC14A2, F13A1, COL5A1, SCN2A, PLEC, and ALMS1) was identified, and achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.873 ± 0.004. The natural logarithm of the half maximal inhibitory concentration (lnIC50) values of the mutant-type (panel-MT) group was significantly higher than that of the wild-type (panel-WT) group, regardless of the lung cancer subtype. The differentially expressed pathways between the two groups may explain this difference. Conclusion In this study, we found that a panel of nine genes can accurately predict sensitivity to cisplatin, which may provide individualized treatment recommendations to improve the prognosis of patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Gao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Lyu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mujiao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingwen Lyu
- Department of Information, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Lyu Q, Zhu W, Wei T, Ding W, Cao M, Wang Q, Guo L, Luo P, Zhang J. High mutations in fatty acid metabolism contribute to a better prognosis of small-cell lung cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Cancer Med 2021; 10:7863-7876. [PMID: 34564955 PMCID: PMC8559513 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of patients with small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) show a good response in the early stages of treatment, but more than 90% of patients will develop drug resistance. Therefore, biomarkers are urgently needed to identify patients who can benefit from systemic treatment. Methods We prospectively enrolled 52 extensive‐stage SCLC patients before treatment from a local hospital to identify mutations related to patient prognosis, and verified them in the published Jiang's cohort and George's cohort. Results We found that patients with high mutations (mut‐high) in the fatty acid (FA) metabolism pathway had a longer progression‐free survival (PFS) in the local hospital cohort (HR = 0.446, 95% CI, 0.207–0.959, p = 0.0387) and a longer overall survival (OS) in Jiang's cohort (HR = 0.549, 95% CI, 0.314–0.960, p = 0.0351) than patients with low mutations (mut‐low). Multivariate analysis suggested that mut‐high status was an independent prognostic factor in both cohorts. George's cohort verified that mut‐high status was associated with a longer OS than mut‐low status (HR = 0.730, 95% CI 0.440–1.220, p = 0.2277). The possible mechanisms were as follows: the frequency of mutated FA synthase (FASN) in the mut‐high group was greater than that in the mut‐low group, and pathways related to the cell cycle, DNA repair, and oxidative phosphorylation were enriched in the mut‐high group. Conclusions The prognosis of SCLC patients treated with chemotherapy was better among patients with more mutations in the FA metabolism pathway, and the underlying mechanisms could be found at the genome and transcriptome levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lyu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Ding
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manming Cao
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongyao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Liu J, Zhou Z, Ma L, Li C, Lin Y, Yu T, Wei JF, Zhu L, Yao G. Effects of RNA methylation N6-methyladenosine regulators on malignant progression and prognosis of melanoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:453. [PMID: 34446007 PMCID: PMC8393813 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melanoma is an extremely aggressive type of skin cancer and experiencing a expeditiously rising mortality in a current year. Exploring new potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of melanoma are urgently needed. The ambition of this research was to identify genetic markers and assess prognostic performance of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulators in melanoma. Methods Gene expression data and corresponding clinical informations of melanoma patients as well as sequence data of normal controls are collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis was carried out to detect the RNA expression of IGF2BP3 in A375 cell line, melanoma tissues, and normal tissues. Western blot, cell proliferation, and migration assays were performed to assess the ability of IGF2BP3 in A375 cell line. Results Differently expressed m6A regulators between tumor samples and normal samples were analyzed. A three-gene prognostic signature including IGF2BP3, RBM15B, and METTL16 was constructed, and the risk score of this signature was identified to be an independent prognostic indicator for melanoma. In addition, IGF2BP3 was verified to promote melanoma cell proliferation and migration in vitro and associate with lymph node metastasis in clinical samples. Moreover, risk score and the expression of IGF2BP3 were positively associated with the infiltrating immune cells and these hub genes made excellent potential drug targets in melanoma. Conclusion We identified the genetic changes in m6A regulatory genes and constructed a three-gene risk signature with distinct prognostic value in melanoma. This research provided new insights into the epigenetic understanding of m6A regulators and novel therapeutic strategies in melanoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02163-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Liu
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zijian Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Chujun Li
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ji-Fu Wei
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Lingjun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Gang Yao
- Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Chen P, Guo H, Liu Y, Chen B, Zhao S, Wu S, Li W, Wang L, Jia K, Wang H, Jiang M, Tang X, Qi H, Dai C, Ye J, He Y. Aberrant methylation modifications reflect specific drug responses in small cell lung cancer. Genomics 2021; 113:1114-1126. [PMID: 33705885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the study, Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, RNA sequencing, and whole-exome sequencing were employed to clinical small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Then, we verified the therapeutic predictive effects of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in 62 SCLC cell lines. Of 4552 DMGs between chemo-sensitive and chemo-insensitive group, coding genes constituted the largest percentage (85.08%), followed by lncRNAs (10.52%) and miRNAs (3.56%). Both two groups demonstrated two methylation peaks near transcription start site and transcription end site. Two lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks suggested the extensive genome connection between chemotherapy efficacy-related non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and mRNAs. Combing miRNAs and lncRNAs could effectively predict chemotherapy response in SCLC. In addition, we also verified the predictive values of mutated genes in SCLC cell lines. This study was the first to evaluate multiple drugs efficacy-related ncRNAs and mRNAs which were modified by methylation in SCLC. DMGs identified in our research might serve as promising therapeutic targets to reverse drugs-insensitivity by complex lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA mechanisms in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Haoyue Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shengyu Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Keyi Jia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Minlin Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Medical School, Tongji University, No 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuzhen Tang
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlei Dai
- Oncology and Immunology BU, Research Service Division, WuXi Apptec, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyan Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, No 507 Zhengmin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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15
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Detection of Genetic Mutations by Next-Generation Sequencing for Predicting Prognosis of Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2020:8811487. [PMID: 33643409 PMCID: PMC7901041 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8811487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Some studies have revealed that specific genetic mutations could be associated with chemotherapy response or even survival in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Our retrospective study aimed to identify the correlation between genetic mutations and progression-free survival (PFS) in extensive-stage SCLC after first-line chemotherapy. A total of 75 patients with extensive-stage SCLC confirmed by histopathology from February 2018 to February 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The biopsy specimens of all patients were analyzed by Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). All patients received first-line chemotherapy and follow-up at Shanghai Chest Hospital. Eleven genes were mutated in, at least, 10% of the 75 patients, including TP53 (96%), RB1 (77%), SMAD4 (32%), NOTCH1 (21%), PTEN (16%), FGFR1 (16%), KDR (15%), PIK3CA (15%), ROS1 (15%), BRCA2 (13%), and ERBB4 (10%). The median number of mutated genes among all patients was 5. Patients with more than 5 mutated genes (PFS = 6.7 months, P=0.004), mutant TP53 (PFS = 5.0 months, P=0.011), and mutant BRCA2 (PFS = 6.7 months, P=0.046) had better PFS after first-line chemotherapy than other patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that patients who achieved a PR (HR 3.729, 95% CI 2.038–6.822), had more than 5 mutated genes (HR 1.929, 95% CI 1.096–3.396), had BRCA2 mutations (HR 4.581, 95% CI 1.721–12.195), and had no liver metastasis (HR 0.415, 95% CI 0.181–0.951) showed improvements in PFS after first-line chemotherapy. In conclusion, the number of mutated genes and BRCA2 mutation status in extensive-stage SCLC were significantly related to PFS after first-line chemotherapy.
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16
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Zhang J, Zhang L, Luo J, Ge T, Fan P, Sun L, Hou L, Li J, Yu H, Wu C, Zhu Y, Wu C, Jiang G, Troncone G, Malhotra J, Okuda K, Santarpia M, Zamarchi R, Goto T, Cardona AF, Xu J, Chen Q, Zhang Z, Zhang P. Comprehensive genomic profiling of combined small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:636-650. [PMID: 33718010 PMCID: PMC7947408 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Combined small cell lung cancer (CSCLC) is an uncommon and heterogeneous subtype of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, there is limited data concerning the different molecular changes and clinical features in CSCLC compared to pure SCLC. Methods The clinical and pathological characteristics of pure SCLC and CSCLC patients were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry and microdissection were performed to isolate the CSCLC components. Further molecular analysis was carried out by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in 12 CSCLC and 30 pure SCLC. Results There were no significant differences in clinical features between CSCLC and pure SCLC. Overall survival (OS) of CSCLC patients was worse than pure SCLC (P=0.005). NGS results indicated that TP53 and RB1 were the most frequently mutated genes in both CSCLC (83.33% and 66.67%) and pure SCLC (80.00% and 63.33%) groups. However, less than 10% common mutations were found in both CSCLC and pure SCLC. When analyzing the data of SCLC and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) components of CSCLC, more than 50% common mutations, and identical genes with mutations were detected. Moreover, there were also common biological processes and signaling pathways identified in CSCLC and pure SCLC, in addition to SCLC and NSCLC components. Conclusions There were no significant differences in terms of clinical features between CSCLC and pure SCLC. However, the prognosis for CSCLC was worse than pure SCLC. NGS analysis suggested that CSCLC components might derive from the same pluripotent single clone with common initial molecular alterations and subsequent acquisitions of other genetic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengyu Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangdong Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Likun Hou
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqiang Li
- D1Med, Building 6, No. 28 Xiangle Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, China
| | - Huansha Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiao Wu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuming Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gening Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Jyoti Malhotra
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Katsuhiro Okuda
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mariacarmela Santarpia
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Evolutive Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rita Zamarchi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Taichiro Goto
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Andrés F Cardona
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Group, Clínica del Country, Bogotá, Colombia.,Foundation for Clinical and Applied Cancer Research-FICMAC, Bogotá, Colombia.,Molecular Oncology and Biology Systems Research Group (Fox-G), El Bosque University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jianfang Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiankun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghong Zhang
- Respiration Department II, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical College, Xinjiang, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Hushmandi K, Hashemi F, Moghadam ER, Owrang M, Hashemi F, Makvandi P, Goharrizi MASB, Najafi M, Khan H. Lung cancer cells and their sensitivity/resistance to cisplatin chemotherapy: Role of microRNAs and upstream mediators. Cell Signal 2021; 78:109871. [PMID: 33279671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is a well-known chemotherapeutic agent with excellent clinical effects. The anti-tumor activity of CP has been demonstrated in different cancers such as breast, cervical, reproductive, lung, brain, and prostate cancers. However, resistance of cancer cells to CP chemotherapy has led to its failure in eradication of cancer cells, and subsequent death of patients with cancer. Fortunately, much effort has been put to identify molecular pathways and mechanisms involved in CP resistance/sensitivity. It seems that microRNAs (miRs) are promising candidates in mediating CP resistance/sensitivity, since they participate in different biological aspects of cells such as proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and differentiation. In this review, we focus on miRs and their regulation in CP chemotherapy of lung cancer, as the most malignant tumor worldwide. Oncogenic miRs trigger CP resistance in lung cancer cells via targeting various pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, Rab6, CASP2, PTEN, and Apaf-1. In contrast, onco-suppressor miRs inhibit oncogene pathways such as STAT3 to suppress CP resistance. These topics are discussed to determine the role of miRs in CP resistance/sensitivity. We also describe the upstream modulators of miRs such as lncRNAs, circRNAs, NF-κB, SOX2 and TRIM65 and their association with CP resistance/sensitivity in lung cancer cells. Finally, the effect of anti-tumor plant-derived natural compounds on miR expression during CP sensitivity of lung cancer cells is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Owrang
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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Li R, Liu J, Fang Z, Liang Z, Chen X. Identification of Mutations Related to Cisplatin-Resistance and Prognosis of Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:572627. [PMID: 33192515 PMCID: PMC7658917 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.572627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histologic type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; approximately 60%), and platinum-based chemotherapy is the cornerstone of the treatment for patients with LUAD. However, a considerable number of patients experience tumor recurrence after developing cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) or CDDP) resistance. Therefore, it is particularly important to screen primary CDDP-resistant LUAD patient populations, which can maximize the clinical benefits for these patients. Methods: Data for 61 LUAD cell lines were downloaded from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database to screen for mutations related to CDDP susceptibility, and we conducted whole-exome sequencing (WES) of tumors from 45 LUAD patients from Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University. Subsequently, the clinical prognostic value of these mutations was verified by using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-LUAD cohort and our cohort (n = 45). Results: Based on drug sensitivity data for the GDSC-LUAD cell lines and survival analysis of the cohorts TCGA-LUAD and Local-LUAD, we found only one gene (GREB1) with mutations related to decreased CDDP sensitivity as well as worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) [OS: log-rank p = 0.038, hazard ratio (HR; 95% confidence interval (95% CI)): 2.19 (0.73-6.55); PFS: log-rank p = 0.001; HR: 4.65, 95% CI: 1.18-18.37]. The GREB1-mutant (GREB1-MT) group had a higher frequency of gene mutations. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) suggested reduced accumulation of intracellular drugs in the GREB1-MT group, in addition to increased drug efflux and enhanced DNA damage repair and intracellular detoxification. Conclusion: This study found that GREB1 mutations may mediate the primary resistance and clinical prognosis of LUAD patients undergoing treatment with CDDP. Further functional analysis showed that GREB1 mutations are related to the known mechanism of CDDP resistance. These results suggest that GREB1 mutations are potential biomarkers for screening of CDDP resistance among LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zekui Fang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li R, Han D, Shi J, Han Y, Tan P, Zhang R, Li J. Choosing tumor mutational burden wisely for immunotherapy: A hard road to explore. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188420. [PMID: 32828886 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of cancer due to its remarkable efficacy and extensive survival benefit in multiple tumor types. However, predictive biomarkers are required to identify patients who are likely to respond to immunotherapy. Recently, tumor mutational burden (TMB) has been shown to be associated with clinical outcomes in diverse cancers, such as melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer. Several studies have demonstrated that high TMB can effectively predict the objective response rate and progression-free survival, but the ability of TMB to predict overall survival is limited. Thus, the clinical utility of TMB as a predictive and prognostic biomarker in immunotherapy is currently controversial. Importantly, multiple factors can affect the accurate assessment of TMB and further interfere with its prediction of clinical outcomes. These factors include preanalytical factors such as sample status, analytical factors such as differences in platforms and methods for determining TMB and variability of cutoff values, and postanalytical factors such as inconsistent interpretation and reporting of results. In addition, the optimal definition and quantification of TMB are unclear and require harmonization and standardization for reliable clinical application. This review elaborates on the factors affecting TMB status in primary tumors, summarizes the clinical utility of TMB as a biomarker in immunotherapy, and evaluates the impact of each analysis stage on the accurate estimation of TMB, especially its quantification, aiming to facilitate TMB assessment in routine clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Han
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiping Shi
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - YanXi Han
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ping Tan
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
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