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Fischer MA, Mustafa AHM, Hausmann K, Ashry R, Kansy AG, Liebl MC, Brachetti C, Piée-Staffa A, Zessin M, Ibrahim HS, Hofmann TG, Schutkowski M, Sippl W, Krämer OH. Novel hydroxamic acid derivative induces apoptosis and constrains autophagy in leukemic cells. J Adv Res 2024; 60:201-214. [PMID: 37467961 PMCID: PMC11156613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Posttranslational modification of proteins by reversible acetylation regulates key biological processes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze protein deacetylation and are frequently dysregulated in tumors. This has spurred the development of HDAC inhibitors (HDACi). Such epigenetic drugs modulate protein acetylation, eliminate tumor cells, and are approved for the treatment of blood cancers. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify novel, nanomolar HDACi with increased potency over existing agents and selectivity for the cancer-relevant class I HDACs (HDAC1,-2,-3,-8). Moreover, we wanted to define how such drugs control the apoptosis-autophagy interplay. As test systems, we used human leukemic cells and embryonic kidney-derived cells. METHODS We synthesized novel pyrimidine-hydroxamic acid HDACi (KH9/KH16/KH29) and performed in vitro activity assays and molecular modeling of their direct binding to HDACs. We analyzed how these HDACi affect leukemic cell fate, acetylation, and protein expression with flow cytometry and immunoblot. The publicly available DepMap database of CRISPR-Cas9 screenings was used to determine sensitivity factors across human leukemic cells. RESULTS Novel HDACi show nanomolar activity against class I HDACs. These agents are superior to the clinically used hydroxamic acid HDACi SAHA (vorinostat). Within the KH-series of compounds, KH16 (yanostat) is the most effective inhibitor of HDAC3 (IC50 = 6 nM) and the most potent inducer of apoptosis (IC50 = 110 nM; p < 0.0001) in leukemic cells. KH16 though spares embryonic kidney-derived cells. Global data analyses of knockout screenings verify that HDAC3 is a dependency factor in 115 human blood cancer cells of different lineages, independent of mutations in the tumor suppressor p53. KH16 alters pro- and anti-apoptotic protein expression, stalls cell cycle progression, and induces caspase-dependent processing of the autophagy proteins ULK1 and p62. CONCLUSION These data reveal that HDACs are required to stabilize autophagy proteins through suppression of apoptosis in leukemic cells. HDAC3 appears as a valid anti-cancer target for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marten A Fischer
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Al-Hassan M Mustafa
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
| | - Kristin Hausmann
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Ramy Ashry
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Anita G Kansy
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Magdalena C Liebl
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | | | - Andrea Piée-Staffa
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Matthes Zessin
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Hany S Ibrahim
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Thomas G Hofmann
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Mike Schutkowski
- Department of Enzymology, Institute of Biochemistry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Oliver H Krämer
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
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Chen B, Zhao Y, Xu S, Jiang F, Nie Y, Tang A, Zhou Q. USF2 promotes autophagy and proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by inhibiting STUB1-induced NFAT5 ubiquitination. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:533-544. [PMID: 37950051 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) mainly affects the health of older adults and is difficult to cure. Upstream stimulatory factor 2 (USF2) has been implicated in several diseases and conditions including cancers. However, the effect of USF2 on CLL has not been elucidated. To investigate the effect of USP2 on proliferation and autophagy of CLL, and to explore the underlying mechanism. The mRNA of USF2 and STIP1 homology and U-Box containing protein 1 (STUB1) was analyzed using qRT-PCR. Western blots were used to evaluate the expression level of USF2, LC3II, Beclin-1, P62, STUB1, and NFAT5. The cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8 and EdU assays. The cell apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry. Indirect fluorescent assay (IFA) was performed to analyze LC3 signal. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) ubiquitination was detected using immunoprecipitation (IP) assay. The CLL progression was evaluated in xenotransplantation model of nude mice. USF2 was highly expressed in CLL tissues and cell lines. USF2 knockdown suppressed the cell viability and EdU incorporation, while promoting cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, USF2 knockdown reduced the level of LC3II and Beclin-1, but increased P62, illustrating USF2 knockdown inhibiting autophagy. USF2 induced NFAT5 ubiquitination and promoted NFAT5 protein level via repressing STUB1. The downregulation of USF2 weakened CLL progression in xenotransplantation model of nude mice. CLL survival and autophagy was dependent on highly expressed USF2 which promoted the expression and ubiquitination of NFAT5 through inhibiting the transcription of STUB1, which makes USF2 a promising therapeutic candidate for CLL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beili Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15, Lequn Road, Xiufeng District, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yanyi Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Shujuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15, Lequn Road, Xiufeng District, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Fang Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15, Lequn Road, Xiufeng District, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuwei Nie
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15, Lequn Road, Xiufeng District, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Ailin Tang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15, Lequn Road, Xiufeng District, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No. 15, Lequn Road, Xiufeng District, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
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Song W, Chen Z, Shi C, Gao Y, Feng X, Li H, Li Z, Zhang M. Synergistic anticancer effect of a combination of chidamide and etoposide against NK/T cell lymphoma. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:257-266. [PMID: 34854108 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a highly aggressive hematological malignancy. However, there is currently no consensus on therapies for refractory/relapsed patients. In this study, we investigated the synergistic anticancer effect and potential mechanism of combining chidamide, a histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitor, and etoposide, a DNA-damaging agent, in NKTCL. We demonstrated that chidamide or etoposide alone dose- and time-dependently inhibited the cell viability of NKTCL cell lines, YT, NKYS and KHYG-1. Functional experiments suggested that combined chidamide and etoposide treatment exerted synergistic antiproliferation effect and enhanced cell apoptotic death in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the expression of DNA damage related proteins was detected and we also examined the alternations in histone acetylation, cell cycle progression, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The results suggested that increased histone acetylation, cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and loss of MMP, converging to greater DNA damage, might account for the synergism of the combination of chidamide and etoposide in NKTCL. Taken together, our study provides an evident for possible application on combining HDACs inhibitors and DNA-damaging agents for the treatment of NKTCL.
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Grants
- 182102310114 Department of Science & Technology of Henan province
- 81970184 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82070209 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 82170183 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- U1904139 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Oncology Department, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, Translational Medical Center, Department of Nephrology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and the Medical Sciences Academy and Research Institute of Nephrology of Zhengzhou University, and Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease in Zhengzhou
- 182102310114 Department of Science & Technology of Henan province
- Oncology Department, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, Translational Medical Center, Department of Nephrology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, and the Medical Sciences Academy and Research Institute of Nephrology of Zhengzhou University, and Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease in Zhengzhou
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Translational Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhan Chen
- Academy of Medical Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Cunzhen Shi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuyang Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Translational Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Feng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongwen Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Translational Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhaoming Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Translational Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Translational Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Behrouj H, Vakili O, Sadeghdoust A, Aligolighasemabadi N, Khalili P, Zamani M, Mokarram P. Epigenetic regulation of autophagy in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 30:101264. [PMID: 35469237 PMCID: PMC9021360 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become the most serious global public health issue in the past two years, requiring effective therapeutic strategies. This viral infection is a contagious disease caused by new coronaviruses (nCoVs), also called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Autophagy, as a highly conserved catabolic recycling process, plays a significant role in the growth and replication of coronaviruses (CoVs). Therefore, there is great interest in understanding the mechanisms that underlie autophagy modulation. The modulation of autophagy is a very complex and multifactorial process, which includes different epigenetic alterations, such as histone modifications and DNA methylation. These mechanisms are also known to be involved in SARS-CoV-2 replication. Thus, molecular understanding of the epigenetic pathways linked with autophagy and COVID-19, could provide novel therapeutic targets for COVID-19 eradication. In this context, the current review highlights the role of epigenetic regulation of autophagy in controlling COVID-19, focusing on the potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Behrouj
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Omid Vakili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Adel Sadeghdoust
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Neda Aligolighasemabadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Parnian Khalili
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Zamani
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Yoshimitsu M, Ando K, Ishida T, Yoshida S, Choi I, Hidaka M, Takamatsu Y, Gillings M, Lee GT, Onogi H, Tobinai K. Oral histone deacetylase inhibitor HBI-8000 (tucidinostat) in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: phase I safety and efficacy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2022; 52:1014-1020. [PMID: 35649345 PMCID: PMC9486889 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HBI-8000 (tucidinostat) is a novel, oral histone deacetylase inhibitor that selectivity inhibits Class I (histone deacetylase 1, 2, 3) and Class II (histone deacetylase 10) with direct anti-tumor activity through various mechanisms of action, including epigenetic reprogramming and immunomodulation. It has been approved in China for the treatment of relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma. METHODS This multicenter, prospective phase I dose-escalation trial evaluating the safety of twice weekly HBI-8000 was conducted in Japan. Eligible patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and no available standard therapy. The primary endpoint was maximum tolerated dose; secondary endpoints included anti-tumor activity, safety and pharmacokinetics. RESULTS Fourteen patients were enrolled in the study. Twelve patients were assessed for dose-limiting toxicity: six patients in the 30 mg BIW cohort had no dose-limiting toxicitys; two of six patients in the 40 mg BIW cohort had asymptomatic dose-limiting toxicitys. Treatment was well tolerated; adverse events were predominantly mild to moderate hematologic toxicities and were managed with dose modification and supportive care. Thirteen patients were included in the efficacy analysis. Objective response was seen in five of seven patients in the 40 mg BIW cohort; three partial responders had adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. In the 30 mg BIW cohort, three of six patients had stable disease after the first cycle. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with HBI-8000 30 and 40 mg BIW were well-tolerated and safe, with hematological toxicities as expected from other studies of histone deacetylase inhibitor. The maximum tolerated dose and recommended dosage for phase II studies of HBI-8000 is 40 mg BIW. Preliminary efficacy results are encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ando
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Yoshida
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Japan
| | - Ilseung Choi
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hidaka
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasushi Takamatsu
- Medical Oncology/Hematology/Infectious Diseases, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Kensei Tobinai
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Li Y, Yang G, Yang C, Tang P, Chen J, Zhang J, Liu J, Ouyang L. Targeting Autophagy-Related Epigenetic Regulators for Cancer Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11798-11815. [PMID: 34378389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Existing evidence has demonstrated that epigenetic modifications (including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs), which are associated with the occurrence and development of tumors, can directly or indirectly regulate autophagy. In particular, nuclear events induced by several epigenetic regulators can regulate the autophagic process and expression levels of tumor-associated genes, thereby promoting tumor progression. Tumor-associated microRNAs, including oncogenic and tumor-suppressive microRNAs, are of great significance to autophagy during tumor progression. Targeting autophagy with emerging epigenetic drugs is expected to be a promising therapeutic strategy for human tumors. From this perspective, we aim to summarize the role of epigenetic modification in the autophagic process and the underlying molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the regulatory efficacy of epigenetic drugs on the autophagic process in tumors is also summarized. This perspective may provide a theoretical basis for the combined treatment of epigenetic drugs/autophagy mediators in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Gaoxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengcan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Pan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Juncheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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