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Lu XR, Tao Q, Qin Z, Liu XW, Li SH, Bai LX, Ge WB, Liu YX, Li JY, Yang YJ. A combined transcriptomics and proteomics approach to reveal the mechanism of AEE relieving hyperlipidemia in ApoE -/- mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116400. [PMID: 38484560 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia caused by abnormal lipid metabolism has reached epidemic proportions. This phenomenon is also common in companion animals. Previous studies showed that AEE significantly improves abnormal blood lipids in hyperlipidemia rats and mice, but its mechanism is still not clear enough. In this study, the mechanism and potential key pathways of AEE on improving hyperlipidemia in mice were investigated through the transcriptome and proteome study of ApoE-/- mice liver and the verification study on high-fat HepG2 cells. The results showed that AEE significantly decreased the serum TC and LDL-C levels of hyperlipidemia ApoE-/- mice, and significantly increased the enzyme activity of CYP7A1. After AEE intervention, the results of mice liver transcriptome and proteome showed that differential genes and proteins were enriched in lipid metabolism-related pathways. The results of RT-qPCR showed that AEE significantly regulated the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in mice liver tissue. AEE significantly upregulated the protein expression of CYP7A1 in hyperlipidemia ApoE-/- mice liver tissue. The results in vitro showed that AEE significantly decreased the levels of TC and TG, and improved lipid deposition in high-fat HepG2 cells. AEE significantly increased the expression of CYP7A1 protein in high-fat HepG2 cells. AEE regulates the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in high-fat HepG2 cells, mainly by FXR-SHP-CYP7A1 and FGF19-TFEB-CYP7A1 pathways. To sum up, AEE can significantly improve the hyperlipidemia status of ApoE-/- mice and the lipid deposition of high-fat HepG2 cells, and its main pathway is probably the bile acid metabolism-related pathway centered on CYP7A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rong Lu
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Qi Tao
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Zhe Qin
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Xi-Wang Liu
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Shi-Hong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Li-Xia Bai
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Wen-Bo Ge
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Ya-Xian Liu
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province,Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
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Kwak YB, Yoo HH, Yoon J. The impact of the administration of red ginseng ( Panax ginseng) on lipid metabolism and free fatty acid profiles in healthy horses using a molecular networking approach. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1285000. [PMID: 38332753 PMCID: PMC10851614 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1285000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential benefits of the administration of red ginseng (RG) on lipid metabolism and the profiles of individual free fatty acids (FFAs) in healthy horses. Eight healthy horses, raised under similar conditions, were randomly divided into two groups, each comprising four horses. The experimental group received powdered RG (600 mg/kg/day) mixed with a carrier, and the control group received only the carrier. The parameters associated with lipid metabolism and probable adverse effects were evaluated in both groups after 3 weeks. The computational molecular networking (MN) approach was applied to analyze the FFA profiles. The results indicated that RG administration significantly reduced blood triglyceride levels in the experimental group. Analysis of the FFAs using MN revealed significant decreases in specific types of FFAs (C12:0, dodecanoic acid; C14:0, myristric acid; C18:1, oleic acid; C18:2, linoleic acid). RG consumption did not produce significant adverse effects on the renal, hepatic, and immune functions. Thus, RG was found to effectively modulate lipid metabolism and the levels of individual FFAs. The application of the MN for the analysis of FFAs represents a novel approach and can be considered for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Beom Kwak
- Racing Laboratory, Korea Racing Authority, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology and College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Yoon
- Equine Referral Clinic, Jeju Stud Farm, Korea Racing Authority, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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3
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Yang X, Ding W, Chen Z, Lai K, Liu Y. The role of autophagy in insulin resistance and glucolipid metabolism and potential use of autophagy modulating natural products in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3762. [PMID: 38287719 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a severe, long-term condition characterised by disruptions in glucolipid and energy metabolism. Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, serves as a guardian of cellular health by recycling and renewing cellular components. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the vital role that autophagy plays in T2DM, we conducted an extensive search for high-quality publications across databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciFinder and used keywords like 'autophagy', 'insulin resistance', and 'type 2 diabetes mellitus', both individually and in combinations. A large body of evidence underscores the significance of activating autophagy in alleviating T2DM symptoms. An enhanced autophagic activity, either by activating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and sirtuin-1 signalling pathways or inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling pathway, can effectively improve insulin resistance and balance glucolipid metabolism in key tissues like the hypothalamus, skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. Furthermore, autophagy can increase β-cell mass and functionality in the pancreas. This review provides a narrative summary of autophagy regulation with an emphasis on the intricate connection between autophagy and T2DM symptoms. It also discusses the therapeutic potentials of natural products with autophagy activation properties for the treatment of T2DM conditions. Our findings suggest that autophagy activation represents an innovative approach of treating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyi Lai
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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4
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Lu Z, Mao T, Chen K, Chai L, Dai Y, Liu K. Ginsenoside Rc: A potential intervention agent for metabolic syndrome. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1375-1387. [PMID: 38223453 PMCID: PMC10785250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rc, a dammarane-type tetracyclic triterpenoid saponin primarily derived from Panax ginseng, has garnered significant attention due to its diverse pharmacological properties. This review outlined the sources, putative biosynthetic pathways, extraction, and quantification techniques, as well as the pharmacokinetic properties of ginsenoside Rc. Furthermore, this study explored the pharmacological effects of ginsenoside Rc against metabolic syndrome (MetS) across various phenotypes including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and osteoarthritis. It also highlighted the impact of ginsenoside Rc on multiple associated signaling molecules. In conclusion, the anti-MetS effect of ginsenoside Rc is characterized by its influence on multiple organs, multiple targets, and multiple ways. Although clinical investigations regarding the effects of ginsenoside Rc on MetS are limited, its proven safety and tolerability suggest its potential as an effective treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tongyun Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kaiqi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Longxin Chai
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yongguo Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Wan C, Lu R, Zhu C, Wu H, Shen G, Yang Y, Wu X, Fang B, He Y. Ginsenoside Rb1 enhanced immunity and altered the gut microflora in mice immunized by H1N1 influenza vaccine. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16226. [PMID: 37868069 PMCID: PMC10588687 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza is an acute infectious respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus that seriously damages human health, and the essential way to prevent influenza is the influenza vaccine. Vaccines without adjuvants produce insufficient specific antibodies and therefore require adjuvants to boost antibody titers. Microbes and hosts are a community that needs to "promote bacteria," which could provide new value for the immune effect. Methods (1) The H1N1 influenza vaccine, in combination with Ginsenoside Rb1, was co-injected into mice intraperitoneally (I.P.). Then, immunoglobulin G and antibody subtype levels were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, mice were infected with a lethal dose of the H1N1 influenza virus (A/Michigan/45/2015), and survival status was recorded for 14 days. Lung tissues were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and ELISA detected inflammatory factor expression levels. (2) Mice were immunized with Ginsenoside Rb1 combined with quadrivalent influenza inactivated vaccine(IIV4), and then IgG levels were measured by ELISA. (3) Fresh stool was collected for fecal 16S rDNA analysis. Results Ginsenoside Rb1 boosted IgG and antibody subtypes in the H1N1 influenza vaccine, improved survival of mice after virus challenge, attenuated lung histopathological damage, and reduced inflammatory cytokines expression in IL-6 and TNF-α. The results of 16S rDNA showed that Rb1 decreased species diversity but increased species richness compared to the PBS group and increased the abundance of Akkermansiaceae and Murbaculaceae at the Family and Genus levels compared with the HA+Alum group. Conclusion Ginsenoside Rb1 has a boosting effect on the immune efficacy of the H1N1 influenza vaccine and is promising as a novel adjuvant to regulate the microecological balance and achieve an anti-infective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Wan
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, Xuhui, China
| | - Rufeng Lu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Shangcheng, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Shangcheng, China
| | - Haibo Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Shangcheng, China
| | - Guannan Shen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Shangcheng, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Shangcheng, China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Shangcheng, China
| | - Bangjiang Fang
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, Xuhui, China
- Institute of Critical Care, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, Xuhui, China
| | - Yuzhou He
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Shangcheng, China
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LIU X, MA K, TAO W, XU Z, LIU G, HU C, MAO W, GU C, GUO Q. Natural products for treatment of premature ovarian failure: a narrative review. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2023; 43:606-617. [PMID: 37147765 PMCID: PMC10133964 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20230227.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a female reproductive system disease caused by many factors and systems, which has seriously affected the quality of life of women of childbearing age. Clinically, the disease is difficult to treat while its incidence rate shows an increasing trend. In recent years, natural products used as multi-pathway, multi-target and efficient drugs, have become the focus of many research and clinical studies in China and abroad, and the effect of phytochemicals derived from edible plants and Chinese medicine herbs on POF were investigated in several papers. Using "premature ovarian failure" or "ovary" and related natural products as keywords, we retrieved and reviewed research articles from China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science and other literature databases. Up to October, 2021, natural compounds with prophylactic or interference inhibition effects on POF mainly included flavonoids, polysaccharides, saponins, and polyphenols. Their effect on POF and ovarian function was closely related to their antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antiaging, immunoregulatory and estrogen-like activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling LIU
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
| | - Kun MA
- 3 Department of Gynecology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wenhua TAO
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
| | - Zhongkun XU
- 4 State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222047, China
| | - Gang LIU
- 2 School of Medical, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chunyan HU
- 2 School of Medical, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Weiwei MAO
- 2 School of Medical, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chang GU
- 2 School of Medical, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qi GUO
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
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Wang X, Hou L, Cui M, Liu J, Wang M, Xie J. The traditional Chinese medicine and non-small cell lung cancer: from a gut microbiome perspective. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1151557. [PMID: 37180438 PMCID: PMC10167031 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1151557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most serious diseases affecting human health today, and current research is focusing on gut flora. There is a correlation between intestinal flora imbalance and lung cancer, but the specific mechanism is not clear. Based on the "lung and large intestine being interior-exteriorly related" and the "lung-intestinal axis" theory. Here, based on the theoretical comparisons of Chinese and western medicine, we summarized the regulation of intestinal flora in NSCLC by active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese herbal compounds and their intervention effects, which is conducive to providing new strategies and ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
| | - Liming Hou
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi an, China
| | - Meng Cui
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
| | - Junnan Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
| | - Mengzhou Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
| | - Jianwu Xie
- School of Food Science and Engineering (School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences), Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi an, China
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Dong Y, He Y, Fan D, Wu Z. Preparation of pH-sensitive chitosan-deoxycholic acid-sodium alginate nanoparticles loaded with ginsenoside Rb 1 and its controlled release mechanism. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123736. [PMID: 36801309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenoside is a natural extract of the genus ginseng, which has tumor preventive and inhibiting effects. In this study, ginsenoside loaded nanoparticles were prepared by an ionic cross-linking method with sodium alginate to enable a sustained slow release effect of ginsenoside Rb1 in the intestinal fluid through an intelligent response. Chitosan grafted hydrophobic group deoxycholic acid was used to synthesize CS-DA, providing loading space for hydrophobic Rb1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the nanoparticles was spherical with smooth surfaces. The encapsulation rate of Rb1 enhanced with the increase of sodium alginate concentration and could reach to 76.62 ± 1.78 % when concentration was 3.6 mg/mL. It was found that the release process of CDA-NPs was most consistent with the primary kinetic model which is a diffusion-controlled release mechanism. CDA-NPs exhibited good pH sensitivity and controlled release properties in buffer solutions of different pH's at 1.2 and 6.8. The cumulative release of Rb1from CDA-NPs in simulated gastric fluid was <20 % within 2 h, while could release completely around 24 h in the simulated gastrointestinal fluid release system. It was demonstrated that CDA3.6-NPs can effectively control release and intelligently deliver ginsenoside Rb1, which is a promising alternative way for oral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Dong
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Yanhui He
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China.
| | - Daidi Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, PR China
| | - Zhansheng Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, PR China.
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Zhang X, Pan Z, Wang Y, Liu P, Hu K. Taraxacum officinale-derived exosome-like nanovesicles modulate gut metabolites to prevent intermittent hypoxia-induced hypertension. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114572. [PMID: 36963360 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate whether Taraxacum officinale (T. officinale)-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNs) exerted hypotensive effects in intermittent hypoxia (IH)-induced hypertensive disorders and their potential mechanisms. RESULTS In this study, we developed T. officinale-derived natural nanoparticles with ideal size and stable negative surface charge, containing large amount of lipids and some functional proteins. We found that ELNs effectively reduced IH-induced hypertension, exhibited local anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal tissues in a rat model of IH-induced hypertension, and reduced intestinal tissue damage, including loss of goblet cells and barrier integrity damage, and ultimately inhibited the systemic inflammatory response. In addition, we evaluated intestinal microbial composition and SCFAs content and found significant changes in the structure and diversity of intestinal microbes, where butyrate was identified as the most important cause of the overall differences in the flora. Therefore, we further evaluated whether butyrate was a key target for ELNs to exert their effects in IH-induced hypertensive disease. We found that butyrate intervention further inhibited systemic inflammatory response and vascular wall remodeling by improving the intestinal microenvironment in IH rats, thereby attenuating IH-induced hypertension. CONCLUSIONS T. officinale-derived ELNs were effective in the treatment of IH-induced hypertensive disease, whereas butyrate played a major role in mediating the effects of ELNs in anti-IH-induced hypertensive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhou Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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Zhou R, He D, Zhang H, Xie J, Zhang S, Tian X, Zeng H, Qin Y, Huang L. Ginsenoside Rb1 protects against diabetes-associated metabolic disorders in Kkay mice by reshaping gut microbiota and fecal metabolic profiles. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:115997. [PMID: 36509256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax quinquefolius Linn. is one of the most valuable herbal medicine in the world for its broad health benefits, including anti-diabetes. Ginsenoside Rb1, the principal active constituent of Panax quinquefolius Linn., could attenuate insulin resistance and metabolic disorders. The dysfunction of gut microbiota and fecal metabolites plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, whether ginsenoside Rb1's hypoglycemic effect is related to gut microbiota remains elusive. AIM OF THE STUDY Our study aimed to explore the insulin-sensitizing and anti-diabetic effects of ginsenoside Rb1 as well as the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The T2DM model were established by high fat diet (HFD)-induced Kkay mice. The anti-diabetic effect of ginsenoside Rb1 (200 mg/kg/day) was evaluated by random blood glucose (RBG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum insulin level, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), pancreatic histology analysis, liver indexes, total triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics were applied to characterize the microbiome and metabolites profile in HFD-induced Kkay mice, respectively. Finally, antibiotic treatment was used to validate the potential mechanism of ginsenoside Rb1 by modulating gut microbiota. RESULTS Our results showed that ginsenoside Rb1 reduced blood glucose, OGTT, serum insulin level, HOMA-IR, liver indexes as well as pancreatic injury. In addition, the ginsenoside Rb1 reversed the gut microbiota dysbiosis in diabetic Kkay mice, as indicated by the elevated abundance of Parasutterella, decreased population of Alistipes, f_Prevotellaceae_unclassified, Odoribacter, Anaeroplasma. Moreover, ginsenoside Rb1 altered free fatty acid (FFA) levels in fecal metabolites, such as decreased the level of α-linolenic acid, 13-OxoODE, oleic acid, 13-HODE, arachidonic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, while increased the level of PC (14:0/22:1(13Z)) and PC (16:0/16:0). Notably, ginsenoside Rb1 failed to improve HFD-induced diabetes in Kkay mice with antibiotics intervention. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that ginsenoside Rb1 may serve as a potential prebiotic agent to modulate specific gut microbes and related metabolites, which play essential roles in diabetes-associated metabolic disorders and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Zhou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Dan He
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Haichao Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jing Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Shuihan Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xuefei Tian
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
| | - Yuhui Qin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Li P, Hu J, Zhao H, Feng J, Chai B. Multi-Omics Reveals Inhibitory Effect of Baicalein on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:925349. [PMID: 35784718 PMCID: PMC9240231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.925349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, whose etiology is poorly understood. Accumulating evidence indicates that gut microbiota plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of various human diseases, including NAFLD. In this study, NAFLD mouse models were established by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD). Baicalein, a natural flavonoid with multiple biological activities, was administered by gavage, and its protective effect on NAFLD was analyzed by histopathological and blood factor analysis. Gut microbiota analysis demonstrated that baicalein could remodel the overall structure of the gut microbiota from NAFLD model mice, especially Anaerotruncus, Lachnoclostridium, and Mucispirillum. Transcriptomic analysis showed baicalein restored the expressions of numerous genes that were upregulated in hepatocytes of NAFLD mice, such as Apoa4, Pla2g12a, Elovl7, Slc27a4, Hilpda, Fabp4, Vldlr, Gpld1, and Apom. Metabolomics analysis proved that baicalein mainly regulated the processes associated with lipid metabolism, such as alpha-Linolenic acid, 2-Oxocarboxylic acid, Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, and bile secretion. Multi-omics analysis revealed that numerous genes regulated by baicalein were significantly correlated with pathways related to lipid metabolism and biosynthesis and secrection of bile acid, and baicalein might affect lipid metabolism in liver via regulating the ecological structure of gut microbiota in NAFLD mice. Our results elucidated the correlated network among diet, gut microbiota, metabolomic, and transcriptional profiling in the liver. This knowledge may help explore novel therapeutic approaches against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jianran Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baofeng Chai
- Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Baofeng Chai,
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