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Zuo X, Wang X, Ma T, Chen S, Cao P, Cheng H, Yang N, Han X, Gao W, Liu X, Sun Y. TNFRSF19 within the 13q12.12 Risk Locus Functions as a Lung Cancer Suppressor by Binding Wnt3a to Inhibit Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:227-239. [PMID: 38047807 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer risk loci provide special clues for uncovering pathogenesis of cancers. The TNFRSF19 gene located within the 13q12.12 lung cancer risk locus encodes TNF receptor superfamily member 19 (TNFRSF19) protein and has been proved to be a key target gene of a lung tissue-specific tumor suppressive enhancer, but its functional role in lung cancer pathogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here we showed that the TNFRSF19 gene could protect human bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells from pulmonary carcinogen nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK)-induced malignant transformation. Knockout of the TNFRSF19 significantly increased NNK-induced colony formation rate on soft agar. Moreover, TNFRSF19 expression was significantly reduced in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Restoration of TNFRSF19 expression in A549 lung cancer cell line dramatically suppressed the tumor formation in xenograft mouse model. Interestingly, the TNFRSF19 protein that is an orphan membrane receptor could compete with LRP6 to bind Wnt3a, thereby inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that is required for NNK-induced malignant transformation as indicated by protein pulldown, site mutation, and fluorescence energy resonance transfer experiments. Knockout of the TNFRSF19 enhanced LRP6-Wnt3a interaction, promoting β-catenin nucleus translocation and the downstream target gene expression, and thus sensitized the cells to NNK carcinogen. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the TNFRSF19 inhibited lung cancer carcinogenesis by competing with LRP6 to combine with Wnt3a to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. IMPLICATIONS These findings revealed a novel anti-lung cancer mechanism, highlighting the special significance of TNFRSF19 gene within the 13q12.12 risk locus in lung cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Tingzheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Shuhan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Pingping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - He Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
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2
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Liu S, Tian Y, Liu C, Gui Z, Yu T, Zhang L. TNFRSF19 promotes endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced paraptosis via the activation of the MAPK pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:217-227. [PMID: 37990061 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
TNFRSF19 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, and its function exhibits variability among different types of cancers. The influence of TNFRSF19 on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has yet to be definitively established. In this study, bioinformatics analyses revealed that lower TNFRSF19 was associated with the poorer prognosis, higher lymph node metastasis and lower immune infiltration. Subsequently, data obtained from the TCGA database and collection of tissue samples revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of TNFRSF19 were observed to be significantly reduced in TNBC tissue compared to normal tissue. Additionally, the results of in vitro experiments have demonstrated that TNFRSF19 possessed the ability to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasive capabilities of TNBC cells. In vivo trials elucidated that TNFRSF19 could suppress tumor xenografts growth. Mechanistically, TNFRSF19 initiated caspase-independent cell death and induced paraptosis. Moreover, rescue assays demonstrated that TNFRSF19 induced-paraptosis was facilitated by MAPK pathway-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that the upregulation of TNFRSF19 functioned as a tumor suppressor in TNBC by stimulating paraptosis through the activation of the MAPK pathway-mediated ER stress, highlighting its potential to be a new therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Chenguang Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Zhengwei Gui
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Tianyao Yu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China.
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3
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Alvina FB, Chen TCY, Lim HYG, Barker N. Gastric epithelial stem cells in development, homeostasis and regeneration. Development 2023; 150:dev201494. [PMID: 37746871 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The stem/progenitor cell pool is indispensable for the development, homeostasis and regeneration of the gastric epithelium, owing to its defining ability to self-renew whilst supplying the various functional epithelial lineages needed to digest food efficiently. A detailed understanding of the intricacies and complexities surrounding the behaviours and roles of these stem cells offers insights, not only into the physiology of gastric epithelial development and maintenance, but also into the pathological consequences following aberrations in stem cell regulation. Here, we provide an insightful synthesis of the existing knowledge on gastric epithelial stem cell biology, including the in vitro and in vivo experimental techniques that have advanced such studies. We highlight the contributions of stem/progenitor cells towards patterning the developing stomach, specification of the differentiated cell lineages and maintenance of the mature epithelium during homeostasis and following injury. Finally, we discuss gaps in our understanding and identify key research areas for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidelia B Alvina
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Tanysha Chi-Ying Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hui Yi Grace Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nick Barker
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore 117593, Republic of Singapore
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4
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Zhu W, Tan L, Ma T, Yin Z, Gao J. Long noncoding RNA SNHG8 promotes chemoresistance in gastric cancer via binding with hnRNPA1 and stabilizing TROY expression. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:1573-1582. [PMID: 35354542 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine SNHG8's function and potential mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC) chemoresistance. METHODS We assessed SNHG8 expression in GC cell lines, GC/CDDP cell lines (cell lines treated with cisplatin), and 42 GC tissues and SNHG8 levels in the lncRNA microarray analysis of AGS/CDDP and AGS cell lines. We also examined GC cell viability in vivo and in vitro and its apoptosis level with Flow cytometry assays. SNHG8 was localized in subcells using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and cell fraction assays, hnRNPA1's link to SNHG8 was determined utilizing RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and FISH assays, gene expression profiles were assessed employing RNA transcriptome sequencing, and hnRNPA1's relationship with TROY was ascertained with the RIP assay. RESULTS SNHG8 increased significantly in GC cell lines and GC tissues. However, a decrease in its expression promoted sensitivity to chemotherapy and inhibited DNA damage repair in vitro and in vivo. SNHG8 appeared to regulate TROY expression via linking with hnRNPA1. Reducing TROY levels considerably stimulated GC cell chemosensitivity, whereas heightening them partially rescued the rate of chemoresistance caused by downregulating SNHG8. CONCLUSION In summary, the "SNHG8/hnRNPA1-TROY" axis is crucial to GC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lulu Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhijie Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jinbo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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5
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Zhou P, Gao S, Hu B. Exploration of Potential Biomarkers and Immune Landscape for Hepatoblastoma: Evidence from Machine Learning Algorithm. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:2417134. [PMID: 35958911 PMCID: PMC9357682 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2417134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the immune landscape in hepatoblastoma (HB) based on deconvolution methods and identify a biomarkers panel for diagnosis based on a machine learning algorithm. Firstly, we identified 277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentiated and functionally identified the modules in DEGs. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis and GO (gene ontology) were used to annotate these DEGs, and the results suggested that the occurrence of HB was related to DNA adducts, bile secretion, and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450. We selected the top 10 genes for our final diagnostic panel based on the random forest tree method. Interestingly, TNFRSF19 and TOP2A were significantly down-regulated in normal samples, while other genes (TRIB1, MAT1A, SAA2-SAA4, NAT2, HABP2, CYP2CB, APOF, and CFHR3) were significantly down-regulated in HB samples. Finally, we constructed a neural network model based on the above hub genes for diagnosis. After cross-validation, the area under the ROC curve was close to 1 (AUC = 0.972), and the AUC of the validation set was 0.870. In addition, the results of single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and deconvolution methods revealed a more active immune responses in the HB tissue. In conclusion, we have developed a robust biomarkers panel for HB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, Zibo Forth People's Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Pediatric, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, China
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6
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Saberi S, Esmaeili M, Tashakoripour M, Eshagh Hosseini M, Baharvand H, Mohammadi M. Infection with a hypervirulent strain of Helicobacter pylori primes gastric cells toward intestinal transdifferentiation. Microb Pathog 2021; 162:105353. [PMID: 34896202 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal metaplasia, gastric-to-intestinal transdifferentiation, occurs as a result of the misexpression of certain regulatory factors, leading to genetic reprogramming. Here, we have evaluated the H. pylori-induced expression patterns of these candidate genes. METHODS The expression levels of 1) tissue-specific transcription factors (RUNX3, KLF5, SOX2, SALL4, CDX1 and CDX2), 2) stemness factors (TNFRSF19, LGR5, VIL1) and 3) tissue-specific mucins (MUC5AC, MUC2) were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR in gastric primary cells (GPCs), in parallel with two gastric cancer (MKN45 and AGS) cell lines, up to 96h following H. pylori infection. RESULTS Following H. pylori infection of GPCs, RUNX3 declined at 24h post infection (-6.2 ± 0.3) and remained downregulated for up to 96h. Subsequently, overexpression of self-renewal and pluripotency transcription factors, KLF5 (3.6 ± 0.2), SOX2 (7.6 ± 0.5) and SALL4 (4.3 ± 0.2) occurred. The expression of TNFRSF19 and LGR5, demonstrated opposing trends, with an early rise of the former (4.5 ± 0.3) at 8h, and a simultaneous fall of the latter (-1.8 ± 0.5). This trend was reversed at 96h, with the decline in TNFRSF19 (-5.5 ± 0.2), and escalation of LGR5 (2.6 ± 0.2) and VIL1 (1.8 ± 0.3). Ultimately, CDX1 and CDX2 were upregulated by 1.9 and 4.7-fold, respectively. The above scenario was, variably observed in MKN45 and AGS cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggests an interdependent gene regulatory network, induced by H. pylori infection. This interaction begins with the downregulation of RUNX3, upregulation of self-renewal and pluripotency transcription factors, KLF5, SOX2 and SALL4, leading to the downregulation of TNFRSF19, upregulation of LGR5 and aberrant expression of intestine-specific transcription factors, potentially facilitating the process of gastric-to-intestinal transdifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Saberi
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaeili
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tashakoripour
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Eshagh Hosseini
- Gastroenterology Department, Amiralam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- HPGC Research Group, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Zhu T, Lou Q, Shi Z, Chen G. Identification of key miRNA-gene pairs in gastric cancer through integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA microarray. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:253-269. [PMID: 33527022 PMCID: PMC7847513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the current bioinformatic methods have been increasingly applied in the field of oncological research. In this study, we expect a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer from the bioinformatic methods. By systematically addressing the differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs between gastric cancer specimens and normal gastric specimens with the application of bioinformatics tools, A total of 206 DEGs and 38 DEMs were identified. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in biological process, molecular function and cellular component, while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database showed DEGs were significantly enriched in 8 signal pathways. The miRNA-gene regulatory network was constructed based on 385 miRNA-gene (DEM-DEG) pairs, consisting of 35 miRNAs and 107 target genes. In the regulatory network, the top 5 up-regulated genes were Transmembrane Protease, Serine 11B (TMPRSS11B), regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1), cysteine rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61), inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA), syntrophin gamma 1 (SNTG1), and the top 5 down-regulated genes were tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 19 (TNFRSF19), pleckstrin homology domain containing B2 (PLEKHB2), Tax1 binding protein 3 (TAX1BP3), presenilin enhancer, gamma-secretase subunit (PSENEN), NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3 (NME3). Based on the gastric cancer patient database from Kaplan-Meier Plotter tools, we found that 8 of 10 genes with most significant changes in the miRNA-gene regulatory network possessed a prognostic value for survival time of gastric cancer patients. Patients with higher level of RGS1, PLEKHB2, TAX1BP3 and PSENEN in gastric cancer had a longer survival time compared with the patients with lower level of these genes. On the contrary, patients with higher level of INHBA, SNTG1, TNFRSF19 and NME3 were found associated with a shorter survival time. In conclusion, our findings provided several potential targets regarding gastric cancer, which may result in a new strategy to treat gastric cancer from a system rather than a single-gene perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou First People’s HospitalHangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiuyue Lou
- Department of Health Education, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceShaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhewei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceShaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ganghong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceShaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
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8
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Xiao X, Chen W, Wei ZW, Chu WW, Lu XF, Li B, Chen H, Meng SJ, Hao TF, Wei JT, He YL, Zhang CH. The Anti-Tumor Effect of Nab-Paclitaxel Proven by Patient-Derived Organoids. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:6017-6025. [PMID: 32612367 PMCID: PMC7322144 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s237431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nab-paclitaxel has been widely used in treating breast cancer and pancreatic patients for its low toxicity and high efficiency. However, its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains ambiguous. The aim of our study was to test the anti-tumor activity of nab-paclitaxel using GC patient-derived organoids. Methods By using the organoid culture system, we describe the establishment of human gastric cancer organoid lines from surgical samples of three patients with gastric cancer. The consistency of these organoids with original cancer tissues was evaluated by histopathological examination. The characteristics of the cancer organoids were tested using immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Using organoids, the anti-tumor efficiencies of nab-paclitaxel, 5-Fu and epirubicin were compared by CCK8 assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Results Three organoids were successfully established and passaged. The morphology of the established GC organoids was consistent with original cancer tissues. The IC50 of nab-paclitaxel was 3.68 μmol/L in hGCO1, 2.41 μmol/L in hGCO2 and 2.91 μmol/L in hGCO3, which was significantly lower than those of 5-FU (72.99 μmol/L in hGCO1, 28.32 μmol/L in hGCO2 and 2.91 μmol/L in hGCO3) and epirubicin (25.85μmol/L in hGCO1, 15.15 μmol/L in hGCO2 and 7.60 μmol/L in hGCO3). When each organoid lines were treated with nab-paclitaxel for increasing period of time, the percentage of the apoptotic cells in each organoid increased accordingly. Conclusion Nab-paclitaxel showed strong anti-tumor activity and had the potential to become front-line drug for treating GC patients. Gastric cancer organoid may be a good tool to predict in vivo response to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xiao
- Center of Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China.,Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe-Wei Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Chu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Fang Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Center of Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China.,Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- Center of Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Jun Meng
- Center of Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Teng-Fei Hao
- Center of Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Tao Wei
- Center of Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China.,Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Long He
- Center of Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hua Zhang
- Center of Digestive Disease, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, People's Republic of China
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9
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Guo L, Gao R, Gan J, Zhu Y, Ma J, Lv P, Zhang Y, Li S, Tang H. Downregulation of TNFRSF19 and RAB43 by a novel miRNA, miR-HCC3, promotes proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 525:425-432. [PMID: 32102752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.02.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 19 (TNFRSF19) is a transmembrane protein involved in tumorigenesis. RAB43 is a small molecule GTP-binding protein contributing to the occurrence and development of tumors. However, TNFRSF19/RAB43 dysregulation and their role in hepatocellular carcinoma cells are unknown. Herein, we found that TNFRSF19 and RAB43 were downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. TNFRSF19/RAB43 overexpression suppressed, whereas TNFRSF19/RAB43 knockdown promoted cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Previously, using deep sequencing technology, a new miRNA, miR-HCC3, was identified and found to suppress the expression of TNFRSF19 and RAB43 by binding to their 3'untranslated regions (3'UTRs) directly. miR-HCC3 was upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues and promoted proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HCC cells. Furthermore, TNFRSF19/RAB43 suppressed but miR-HCC3 promoted tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, our results indicated that downregulation of TNFRSF19 and RAB43 by miR-HCC3 contributes to oncogenic activities in HCC, which sheds light on tumorigenesis and might provide potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiMing Guo
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - JianChen Gan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - YaNan Zhu
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - JunYi Ma
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - ShengPing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Expression of LGR5, FZD7, TROY, and MIST1 in Perioperatively Treated Gastric Carcinomas and Correlation with Therapy Response. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:8154926. [PMID: 31827644 PMCID: PMC6885822 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8154926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The cancer stem cell model is considered as a putative cause of resistance to chemotherapy and disease recurrence in malignant tumors. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the response to neoadjuvant/perioperative chemotherapy correlates with the expression of four different putative cancer stem cell markers of gastric cancer (GC), i.e., LGR5, FZD7, TROY, and MIST1. The expression of LGR5, FZD7, TROY, and MIST1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 119 perioperatively treated GCs including pretherapeutic biopsies, resected primary GCs, and corresponding nodal and distant metastases. All four markers were detected in our cohort with variable prevalence and histoanatomical distributions. Few tumor cells expressed TROY. LGR5, FZD7, and MIST1 were coexpressed in 41.2% and completely absent in 6.2%. The prevalence of LGR5- and FZD7-positive GCs was higher and of TROY-positive GCs lower in perioperatively treated GCs compared with treatment-naïve tumors. LGR5, FZD7, and MIST1 in the primary tumors correlated significantly with their expression in the corresponding lymph node metastasis. An increased expression of LGR5 in primary GC correlated significantly with tumor regression. The expression of MIST1 in lymph node metastases correlated significantly with the number of lymph node metastases as well as overall and tumor-specific survival. FZD7 did not correlate with any clinicopathological patient characteristic. Our study on clinical patient samples shows that GCs may coexpress independently different stem cell markers; that neoadjuvant/perioperative treatment of GC significantly impacts on the expression of stem cell markers, which cannot be predicted by the analysis of pretherapeutic biopsies; and that their expression and tumor biological effect are heterogeneous and have to be viewed as a function of histoanatomical distribution.
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Cheng A, Zhao S, FitzGerald LM, Wright JL, Kolb S, Karnes RJ, Jenkins RB, Davicioni E, Ostrander EA, Feng Z, Fan JB, Dai JY, Stanford JL. A four-gene transcript score to predict metastatic-lethal progression in men treated for localized prostate cancer: Development and validation studies. Prostate 2019; 79:1589-1596. [PMID: 31376183 PMCID: PMC6715522 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular studies have tried to address the unmet need for prognostic biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa). Some gene expression tests improve upon clinical factors for prediction of outcomes, but additional tools for accurate prediction of tumor aggressiveness are needed. METHODS Based on a previously published panel of 23 gene transcripts that distinguished patients with metastatic progression, we constructed a prediction model using independent training and testing datasets. Using the validated messenger RNAs and Gleason score (GS), we performed model selection in the training set to define a final locked model to classify patients who developed metastatic-lethal events from those who remained recurrence-free. In an independent testing dataset, we compared our locked model to established clinical prognostic factors and utilized Kaplan-Meier curves and receiver operating characteristic analyses to evaluate the model's performance. RESULTS Thirteen of 23 previously identified gene transcripts that stratified patients with aggressive PCa were validated in the training dataset. These biomarkers plus GS were used to develop a four-gene (CST2, FBLN1, TNFRSF19, and ZNF704) transcript (4GT) score that was significantly higher in patients who progressed to metastatic-lethal events compared to those without recurrence in the testing dataset (P = 5.7 × 10-11 ). The 4GT score provided higher prediction accuracy (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.69-0.83; partial area under the ROC curve [pAUC] = 0.008) than GS alone (AUC = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.56-0.70; pAUC = 0.002), and it improved risk stratification in subgroups defined by a combination of clinicopathological features (ie, Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment-Surgery). CONCLUSION Our validated 4GT score has prognostic value for metastatic-lethal progression in men treated for localized PCa and warrants further evaluation for its clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Liesel M. FitzGerald
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAZ, Australia
| | - Jonathan L. Wright
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suzanne Kolb
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Robert B. Jenkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Elaine A. Ostrander
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ziding Feng
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jian-Bing Fan
- AnchorDx Corporation, Guangzhou, 510300, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - James Y. Dai
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Janet L. Stanford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Nomura M, Matsumoto K, Shimizu Y, Ikeda M, Amano N, Nishi M, Ryo A, Nagashio R, Sato Y, Iwamura M. TROY expression is associated with pathological stage and poor prognosis in patients treated with radical cystectomy. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:91-96. [PMID: 30475756 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New biomarkers may help us provide individualized prognosis and allow risk-stratified clinical decision making about radical treatment. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the tumor necrosis factor of receptor superfamily 19 (TROY) expression in urothelial carcinoma and its relationship to clinicopathological findings. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining for TROY was carried out in 136 archival radical cystectomy specimens with immunoreactivity being stratified on a 0-9 scale. Expression scores for TROY were further stratified into negative (score 0) and positive (score 1 or greater). Median age was 65 years, and the median follow-up period was 50.7 months. RESULTS Expression of TROY was significantly associated with the pathological stage (p= 0.019) and expression of nestin (p= 0.013). Log-rank tests indicated that expression of TROY was significantly associated with disease progression and cancer-specific mortality (p= 0.044 and 0.008, respectively). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, lymph node status was the only independent prognostic factor for disease progression and cancer-specific survival. Expression of TROY was a marginal prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival. CONCLUSIONS TROY may therefore be a new molecular marker to aid in identifying and selecting patients undergoing radical cystectomy who could potentially benefit from multimodal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Nomura
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 2520374, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 2520374, Japan
| | - Yuriko Shimizu
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 2520374, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikeda
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 2520374, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Amano
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 2520374, Japan
| | - Mayuko Nishi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 2360027, Japan
| | - Akihide Ryo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 2360027, Japan
| | - Ryo Nagashio
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 2520373, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 2520373, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Iwamura
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara 2520374, Japan
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Saberi S, Piryaei A, Mirabzadeh E, Esmaeili M, Karimi T, Momtaz S, Abdirad A, Sodeifi N, Mohagheghi MA, Baharvand H, Mohammadi M. Immunohistochemical Analysis of LGR5 and TROY Expression in Gastric Carcinogenesis Demonstrates an Inverse Trend. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2019; 23. [PMID: 30501144 PMCID: PMC6707110 DOI: 10.29252/.23.2.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Two of the Wnt signaling pathway target genes, tumor necrosis factor receptor family member (TROY) and leucine-rich G-protein coupled receptor (LGR5), are involved in the generation and maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium. A negative modulatory role has recently been assigned to TROY, in this pathway. Here, we have examined their simultaneous expression in gastric carcinogenesis. Methods Tumor and paired adjacent tissues of intestinal-type gastric cancer (GC) patients (n = 30) were evaluated for LGR5 and TROY expression by immunohistochemistry. The combination of the percentage of positively¬ stained cells and the intensity of staining was defined as the composite score and compared between groups. The obtained findings were re-evaluated in a mouse model. Results TROY expression in the tumor tissue was significantly lower than that of the adjacent tissue (2.5 ± 0.9 vs. 3.3 ± 0.9, p = 0.004), which was coincident with higher LGR5 expression (3.6 ± 1.1 vs. 2.7 ± 0.9, p = 0.001). This observation was prominent at stages II/III of GC, leading to a statistically significant mean difference of expression between these two molecules (p = 0.005). In the H. pylori infected-mouse model, this inverse expression was observed in transition from early (8-16 w) to late (26-50 w) time points, post treatment (p = 0.002). Conclusion Our data demonstrates an inverse trend between TROY down-regulation and LGR5 up-regulation in GC tumors, as well as in response to H. pylori infection in mice. These findings support a potential negative modulatory role for TROY on LGR5 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Saberi
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Piryaei
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; ,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmat Mirabzadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmaeili
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Toktam Karimi
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Momtaz
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Abdirad
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Sodeifi
- Department of Andrology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; ,Corresponding Authors: Marjan Mohammadi, HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; E-mail: marjan.mohammadi2010@gmail or . Hossein Baharvand , Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; E-mail:
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; ,Corresponding Authors: Marjan Mohammadi, HPGC Research Group, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; E-mail: marjan.mohammadi2010@gmail or . Hossein Baharvand , Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; E-mail:
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Gao M, Lin M, Rao M, Thompson H, Hirai K, Choi M, Georgakis GV, Sasson AR, Bucobo JC, Tzimas D, D'Souza LS, Buscaglia JM, Davis J, Shroyer KR, Li J, Powers S, Kim J. Development of Patient-Derived Gastric Cancer Organoids from Endoscopic Biopsies and Surgical Tissues. Ann Surg Oncol 2018; 25:2767-2775. [PMID: 30003451 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-6662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organoids are three-dimensional in vitro models of human disease developed from benign and malignant gastrointestinal tissues with tremendous potential for personalized medicine applications. We sought to determine whether gastric cancer patient-derived organoids (PDOs) could be safely established from endoscopic biopsies for rapid drug screening. METHODS Patients underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for surveillance or staging and had additional forceps biopsies taken for PDO creation. Cancer tissues from operative specimens were also used to create PDOs. To address potential tumor heterogeneity, we performed low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of endoscopic-derived PDOs with paired surgical PDOs and whole-tumor lysates. The stability of genomic alterations in endoscopic organoids was assessed by next-generation sequencing and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The feasibility and potential accuracy of drug sensitivity screening with endoscopic-derived PDOs were also evaluated. RESULTS Gastric cancer PDOs (n = 15) were successfully established from EGD forceps biopsies (n = 8) and surgical tissues (n = 7) from five patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Low-coverage whole-genomic profiling of paired EGD and surgical PDOs along with whole-tumor lysates demonstrated absence of tumor heterogeneity. Nested PCR assay identified similar KRAS alterations in primary tumor and paired organoids. Drug sensitivity testing of endoscopic-derived PDOs displayed standard dose-response curves to current gastric cancer cytotoxic therapies. CONCLUSIONS Our study results demonstrate the feasibility of developing gastric cancer PDOs from EGD biopsies. These results also indicate that endoscopic-derived PDOs are accurate surrogates of the primary tumor and have the potential for drug sensitivity screening and personalized medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Gao
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA.,Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Miranda Lin
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Manisha Rao
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Hannah Thompson
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Kelsi Hirai
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Minsig Choi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | | | - Aaron R Sasson
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Bucobo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Demetri Tzimas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Lionel S D'Souza
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Jonathan M Buscaglia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - James Davis
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth R Shroyer
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Jinyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Scott Powers
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Kim
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook University Hospital, New York, USA.
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