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Wagner A, Teufl M, Gold L, Lehner M, Obinger C, Sykacek P, Traxlmayr MW. PhosphoFlowSeq - A High-throughput Kinase Activity Assay for Screening Drug Resistance Mutations in EGFR. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:167210. [PMID: 34499921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance poses a major challenge for targeted cancer therapy. To be able to functionally screen large randomly mutated target gene libraries for drug resistance mutations, we developed a biochemically defined high-throughput assay termed PhosphoFlowSeq. Instead of selecting for proliferation or resistance to apoptosis, PhosphoFlowSeq directly analyzes the enzymatic activities of randomly mutated kinases, thereby reducing the dependency on the signaling network in the host cell. Moreover, simultaneous analysis of expression levels enables compensation for expression-based biases on a single cell level. Using EGFR and its kinase inhibitor erlotinib as a model system, we demonstrate that the clinically most relevant resistance mutation T790M is reproducibly detected at high frequencies after four independent PhosphoFlowSeq selection experiments. Moreover, upon decreasing the selection pressure, also mutations which only confer weak resistance were identified, including T854A and L792H. We expect that PhosphoFlowSeq will be a valuable tool for the prediction and functional screening of drug resistance mutations in kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Teufl
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Gold
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Lehner
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics, St. Anna Kinderspital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Obinger
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Sykacek
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute for Computational Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael W Traxlmayr
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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2
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Gleixner KV, Filik Y, Berger D, Schewzik C, Stefanzl G, Sadovnik I, Degenfeld-Schonburg L, Eisenwort G, Schneeweiss-Gleixner M, Byrgazov K, Sperr WR, Mayer J, Lion T, Valent P. Asciminib and ponatinib exert synergistic anti-neoplastic effects on CML cells expressing BCR-ABL1 T315I-compound mutations. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4470-4484. [PMID: 34659899 PMCID: PMC8493398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ponatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) directed against BCR-ABL1 which is successfully used in patients with BCR-ABL1 T315I+ chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, BCR-ABL1 compound mutations may develop during therapy in these patients and may lead to drug resistance. Asciminib is a novel drug capable of targeting most BCR-ABL1 mutant-forms, including BCR-ABL1T315I, but remains ineffective against most BCR-ABL1T315I+ compound mutation-bearing sub-clones. We demonstrate that asciminib synergizes with ponatinib in inducing growth-arrest and apoptosis in patient-derived CML cell lines and murine Ba/F3 cells harboring BCR-ABL1 T315I or T315I-including compound mutations. Asciminib and ponatinib also produced cooperative effects on CRKL phosphorylation in BCR-ABL1-transformed cells. The growth-inhibitory effects of the drug combination 'asciminib+ponatinib' was further enhanced by hydroxyurea (HU), a drug which has lately been described to suppresses the proliferation of BCR-ABL1 T315I+ CML cells. Cooperative drug effects were also observed in patient-derived CML cells. Most importantly, we were able to show that the combinations 'asciminib+ponatinib' and 'asciminib+ponatinib+HU' produce synergistic apoptosis-inducing effects in CD34+/CD38- CML stem cells obtained from patients with chronic phase CML or BCR-ABL1 T315I+ CML blast phase. Together, asciminib, ponatinib and HU synergize in producing anti-leukemic effects in multi-resistant CML cells, including cells harboring T315I+ BCR-ABL1 compound mutations and CML stem cells. The clinical efficacy of this TKI combination needs to be evaluated within the frame of upcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline V Gleixner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Yüksel Filik
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Daniela Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Christina Schewzik
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Gabriele Stefanzl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Irina Sadovnik
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Lina Degenfeld-Schonburg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Gregor Eisenwort
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Mathias Schneeweiss-Gleixner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | | | - Wolfgang R Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
| | - Jiří Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk UniversityBrno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital BrnoCzech Republic
| | - Thomas Lion
- Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI)Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of ViennaAustria
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3
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Mughal TI, Pemmaraju N, Psaila B, Radich J, Bose P, Lion T, Kiladjian JJ, Rampal R, Jain T, Verstovsek S, Yacoub A, Cortes JE, Mesa R, Saglio G, van Etten RA. Illuminating novel biological aspects and potential new therapeutic approaches for chronic myeloproliferative malignancies. Hematol Oncol 2020; 38:654-664. [PMID: 32592408 PMCID: PMC8895354 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This review reflects the presentations and discussion at the 14th post-American Society of Hematology (ASH) International Workshop on Chronic Myeloproliferative Malignancies, which took place on the December 10 and 11, 2019, immediately after the 61st ASH Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida. Rather than present a resume of the proceedings, we address some of the topical translational science research and clinically relevant topics in detail. We consider how recent studies using single-cell genomics and other molecular methods reveal novel aspects of hematopoiesis which in turn raise the possibility of new therapeutic approaches for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). We discuss how alternative therapies could benefit patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who develop BCR-ABL1 mutant subclones following ABL1-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. In MPNs, we focus on efforts beyond JAK-STAT and the merits of integrating activin receptor ligand traps, interferon-α, and allografting in the current treatment algorithm for patients with myelofibrosis.
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MESH Headings
- Anemia/diagnosis
- Anemia/etiology
- Anemia/therapy
- Biomarkers
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects
- Combined Modality Therapy/methods
- Disease Management
- Disease Susceptibility
- Drug Development
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/complications
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/etiology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/complications
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/diagnosis
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/etiology
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/therapy
- Prognosis
- Single-Cell Analysis/methods
- Translational Research, Biomedical
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bethan Psaila
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jerald Radich
- Frederick Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Thomas Lion
- Childrens Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Raajit Rampal
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tania Jain
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, John Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Abdulraheem Yacoub
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jorge E. Cortes
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ruben Mesa
- Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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4
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Soverini S, Martelli M, Bavaro L, De Benedittis C, Sica S, Sorà F, Iurlo A, Bonifacio M, Pregno P, Galimberti S, Lunghi F, Albano F, D'Adda M, Crugnola M, Capodanno I, Castagnetti F, Gugliotta G, Papayannidis C, Rosti G, Percesepe A, Mignone F, Baccarani M, Martinelli G, Cavo M. BCR-ABL1 compound mutants: prevalence, spectrum and correlation with tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in a consecutive series of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia patients analyzed by NGS. Leukemia 2020; 35:2102-2107. [PMID: 33262525 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-01098-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Soverini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Margherita Martelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Bavaro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina De Benedittis
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Sica
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli-IRCCS, Istituto di Ematologia e Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Sorà
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli-IRCCS, Istituto di Ematologia e Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Iurlo
- Hematology Division, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Pregno
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Galimberti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Hematology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Lunghi
- Hematology and BMT Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology Section, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariella D'Adda
- Hematology Unit, Spedali Civili Azienda Ospedaliera, Brescia, Italy
| | - Monica Crugnola
- Division of Hematology, Azienda Ospedialiero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy
| | - Isabella Capodanno
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italia.,Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italia
| | - Gabriele Gugliotta
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italia.,Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italia
| | - Cristina Papayannidis
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italia.,Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italia
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italia.,Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italia
| | | | - Flavio Mignone
- Department of Science and Innovation Technology (DISIT), University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Michele Baccarani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni 15, Bologna, Italia.,Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italia
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5
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G. Lindström HJ, Friedman R. The effects of combination treatments on drug resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia: an evaluation of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors axitinib and asciminib. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:397. [PMID: 32380976 PMCID: PMC7204252 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06782-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic myeloid leukaemia is in principle a treatable malignancy but drug resistance is lowering survival. Recent drug discoveries have opened up new options for drug combinations, which is a concept used in other areas for preventing drug resistance. Two of these are (I) Axitinib, which inhibits the T315I mutation of BCR-ABL1, a main source of drug resistance, and (II) Asciminib, which has been developed as an allosteric BCR-ABL1 inhibitor, targeting an entirely different binding site, and as such does not compete for binding with other drugs. These drugs offer new treatment options. METHODS We measured the proliferation of KCL-22 cells exposed to imatinib-dasatinib, imatinib-asciminib and dasatinib-asciminib combinations and calculated combination index graphs for each case. Moreover, using the median-effect equation we calculated how much axitinib can reduce the growth advantage of T315I mutant clones in combination with available drugs. In addition, we calculated how much the total drug burden could be reduced by combinations using asciminib and other drugs, and evaluated which mutations such combinations might be sensitive to. RESULTS Asciminib had synergistic interactions with imatinib or dasatinib in KCL-22 cells at high degrees of inhibition. Interestingly, some antagonism between asciminib and the other drugs was present at lower degrees on inhibition. Simulations revealed that asciminib may allow for dose reductions, and its complementary resistance profile could reduce the risk of mutation based resistance. Axitinib, however, had only a minor effect on T315I growth advantage. CONCLUSIONS Given how asciminib combinations were synergistic in vitro, our modelling suggests that drug combinations involving asciminib should allow for lower total drug doses, and may result in a reduced spectrum of observed resistance mutations. On the other hand, a combination involving axitinib was not shown to be useful in countering drug resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Axitinib/administration & dosage
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Computer Simulation
- Dasatinib/administration & dosage
- Drug Discovery/methods
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Drug Synergism
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/administration & dosage
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Mutation
- Niacinamide/administration & dosage
- Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives
- Pyrazoles/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ran Friedman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnæus University, Kalmar, 391 82 Sweden
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6
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Schneeweiss-Gleixner M, Byrgazov K, Stefanzl G, Berger D, Eisenwort G, Lucini CB, Herndlhofer S, Preuner S, Obrova K, Pusic P, Witzeneder N, Greiner G, Hoermann G, Sperr WR, Lion T, Deininger M, Valent P, Gleixner KV. CDK4/CDK6 inhibition as a novel strategy to suppress the growth and survival of BCR-ABL1 T315I+ clones in TKI-resistant CML. EBioMedicine 2019; 50:111-121. [PMID: 31761618 PMCID: PMC6921367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ponatinib is the only approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) suppressing BCR-ABL1T315I-mutated cells in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, due to side effects and resistance, BCR-ABL1T315I-mutated CML remains a clinical challenge. Hydroxyurea (HU) has been used for cytoreduction in CML for decades. We found that HU suppresses or even eliminates BCR-ABL1T315I+ sub-clones in heavily pretreated CML patients. Based on this observation, we investigated the effects of HU on TKI-resistant CML cells in vitro. Methods Viability, apoptosis and proliferation of drug-exposed primary CML cells and BCR-ABL1+ cell lines were examined by flow cytometry and 3H-thymidine-uptake. Expression of drug targets was analyzed by qPCR and Western blotting. Findings HU was more effective in inhibiting the proliferation of leukemic cells harboring BCR-ABL1T315I or T315I-including compound-mutations compared to cells expressing wildtype BCR-ABL1. Moreover, HU synergized with ponatinib and ABL001 in inducing growth inhibition in CML cells. Furthermore, HU blocked cell cycle progression in leukemic cells, which was accompanied by decreased expression of CDK4 and CDK6. Palbociclib, a more specific CDK4/CDK6-inhibitor, was also found to suppress proliferation in primary CML cells and to synergize with ponatinib in producing growth inhibition in BCR-ABL1T315I+ cells, suggesting that suppression of CDK4/CDK6 may be a promising concept to overcome BCR-ABL1T315I-associated TKI resistance. Interpretation HU and the CDK4/CDK6-blocker palbociclib inhibit growth of CML clones expressing BCR-ABL1T315I or complex T315I-including compound-mutations. Clinical studies are required to confirm single drug effects and the efficacy of `ponatinib+HU´ and ´ponatinib+palbociclib´ combinations in advanced CML. Funding This project was supported by the Austrian Science Funds (FWF) projects F4701-B20, F4704-B20 and P30625.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Schneeweiss-Gleixner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Gabriele Stefanzl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Berger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Eisenwort
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Susanne Herndlhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Preuner
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Klara Obrova
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Pusic
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadine Witzeneder
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Greiner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Central Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang R Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Lion
- Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Deininger
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Karoline V Gleixner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology & Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology & Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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7
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Soverini S, Bassan R, Lion T. Treatment and monitoring of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia patients: recent advances and remaining challenges. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:39. [PMID: 31014376 PMCID: PMC6480772 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome, resulting from the t(9;22)(q34;q11) translocation, can be found in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) as well as in a subset of acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL). The deregulated BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase encoded by the fusion gene resulting from the translocation is considered the pathogenetic driver and can be therapeutically targeted. In both CML and Ph-positive (Ph+) ALL, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved outcomes. In the TKI era, testing for BCR-ABL1 transcript levels by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) has become the gold standard to monitor patient response, anticipate relapse, and guide therapeutic decisions. In CML, key molecular response milestones have been defined that draw the ideal trajectory towards optimal long-term outcomes. Treatment discontinuation (treatment-free remission, TFR) has proven feasible in a proportion of patients, and clinical efforts are now focused on how to increase this proportion and how to best select TFR candidates. In Ph+ ALL, results of trials with second- and third-generation TKIs are challenging the role of intensive chemotherapy and even that of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Additional weapons are offered by the recently introduced monoclonal antibodies. In patients harboring mutations in the BCR-ABL1 kinase domain, prompt therapeutic reassessment and individualization based on mutation status are important to regain response and prevent disease progression. Next-generation sequencing is likely to become a precious tool for mutation testing because of the greater sensitivity and the possibility to discriminate between compound and polyclonal mutations. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in treatment and monitoring of CML and Ph+ ALL and the issues that still need to be addressed to make the best use of the therapeutic armamentarium and molecular testing technologies currently at our disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Soverini
- Hematology/Oncology ‘L. e A. Seràgnoli’, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Renato Bassan
- Division of Hematology, Ospedale dell’Angelo, Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Thomas Lion
- Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI) and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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8
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Hu K, Li Y, Wu W, Chen H, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Dong Y. High-performance gene expression and knockout tools using sleeping beauty transposon system. Mob DNA 2018; 9:33. [PMID: 30534207 PMCID: PMC6260868 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-018-0139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Similar to retro-/lenti- virus system, DNA transposons are useful tools for stable expression of exogenous genes in mammalian cells. Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon has adopted for integrating genes into host genomes in recent studies. However, SB-derived vector system for proteins purifying/tracking and gene knockout are still not available. Results In this study, we generated a series of vectors (termed as pSB vectors) containing Sleeping Beauty IRDR-L/R that can be transposed by SB transposase. Gateway cassette was combined to the pSB vectors to facilitate the cloning. Vectors with various tags, Flag, Myc, HA, V5 and SFB, were generated for multiple options. Moreover, we incorporated the CRISPR-Cas9 cassette into the pSB plasmids for gene knockout. Indeed, using one of these vectors (pSB-SFB-GFP), we performed Tandem Affinity Purification and identified that NFATc1 is a novel binding partner of FBW7. We also knocked out RCC2 and BRD7 using pSB-CRISPR vector respectively, and revealed the novel roles of these two proteins in mitosis. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the pSB series vectors are convenient and powerful tools for gene overexpression and knockout in mammalian cells, providing a new alternative approach for molecular cell biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaishun Hu
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Yu Li
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China.,2Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Hengxing Chen
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Zhen Chen
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Yin Zhang
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Yabin Guo
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
| | - Yin Dong
- 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 China
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9
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Mughal TI, Lion T, Abdel-Wahab O, Mesa R, Scherber RM, Perrotti D, Mauro M, Verstovsek S, Saglio G, Van Etten RA, Kralovics R. Precision immunotherapy, mutational landscape, and emerging tools to optimize clinical outcomes in patients with classical myeloproliferative neoplasms. Hematol Oncol 2018; 36:740-748. [PMID: 30074634 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Following the 47th American Society of Hematology Meeting in 2005, the late John Goldman and Tariq Mughal commenced a conference, the 1st Post-ASH Workshop, which brought together clinicians and scientists, to accelerate the adoption of new therapies for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The concept began with recognition of the CML success story following imatinib therapy, the discovery of JAK2V617F , and the demonstration that BCR-ABL1-negative MPNs are driven by abnormal JAK2 activation. This review is based on the presentations and deliberations at the XIIth Post-ASH Workshop on BCR-ABL1 positive and negative MPNs that took place on December 12 to 13, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia, immediately following the 59th American Society of Hematology Meeting. We have selected some of the translational research and clinical topics, rather than an account of the proceedings. We discuss the role of immunotherapy in MPNs and the impact of the mutational landscape on TKI treatment in CML. We also consider how we might reduce TKI cardiovascular side effects, the potential role of nutrition as adjunctive nonpharmacologic intervention to reduce chronic inflammation in MPNs, and novel investigational therapies for MPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Lion
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ruben Mesa
- UT Health San Antonio Cancer Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Danilo Perrotti
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Mauro
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Robert Kralovics
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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10
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Byrgazov K, Lucini CB, Valent P, Hantschel O, Lion T. BCR-ABL1 compound mutants display differential and dose-dependent responses to ponatinib. Haematologica 2018; 103:e10-e12. [PMID: 28983061 PMCID: PMC5777206 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.176347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, and Ludwig Boltzman Cluster Oncology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Hantschel
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Thomas Lion
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, and Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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