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Abdel Shaheed C, Hayes C, Maher CG, Ballantyne JC, Underwood M, McLachlan AJ, Martin JH, Narayan SW, Sidhom MA. Opioid analgesics for nociceptive cancer pain: A comprehensive review. CA Cancer J Clin 2024; 74:286-313. [PMID: 38108561 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is one of the most burdensome symptoms in people with cancer, and opioid analgesics are considered the mainstay of cancer pain management. For this review, the authors evaluated the efficacy and toxicities of opioid analgesics compared with placebo, other opioids, nonopioid analgesics, and nonpharmacologic treatments for background cancer pain (continuous and relatively constant pain present at rest), and breakthrough cancer pain (transient exacerbation of pain despite stable and adequately controlled background pain). They found a paucity of placebo-controlled trials for background cancer pain, although tapentadol or codeine may be more efficacious than placebo (moderate-certainty to low-certainty evidence). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including aspirin, piroxicam, diclofenac, ketorolac, and the antidepressant medicine imipramine, may be at least as efficacious as opioids for moderate-to-severe background cancer pain. For breakthrough cancer pain, oral transmucosal, buccal, sublingual, or intranasal fentanyl preparations were identified as more efficacious than placebo but were more commonly associated with toxicities, including constipation and nausea. Despite being recommended worldwide for the treatment of cancer pain, morphine was generally not superior to other opioids, nor did it have a more favorable toxicity profile. The interpretation of study results, however, was complicated by the heterogeneity in the study populations evaluated. Given the limited quality and quantity of research, there is a need to reappraise the clinical utility of opioids in people with cancer pain, particularly those who are not at the end of life, and to further explore the effects of opioids on immune system function and quality of life in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Abdel Shaheed
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christopher Hayes
- College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher G Maher
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jane C Ballantyne
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Martin Underwood
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
- University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J McLachlan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Pharmacy School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer H Martin
- College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sujita W Narayan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Pharmacy School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark A Sidhom
- Cancer Therapy Centre, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
- South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Tao J, Cui J, Xu Y, Fan Y, Hong G, Zhou Q, Wang G, Li L, Han Y, Xu C, Wang W, Cai S, Zhang X. MAEL in human cancers and implications in prognostication and predicting benefit from immunotherapy over VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a bioinformatic analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:2090-2122. [PMID: 38301040 PMCID: PMC10911358 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Maelstrom (MAEL), a novel cancer/testis-associated gene, may facilitate the initiation and progression of human malignancies, warranting comprehensive investigations. Single-cell and tissue-bulk transcriptomic data demonstrated higher MAEL expression in testis (spermatogonia/spermatocyte), kidney (proximal tubular cell), and brain (neuron/astrocyte), and corresponding cancers, including testicular germ cell tumor, glioma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Of these cancers, only in ccRCC did MAEL expression exhibit associations with both recurrence-free survival and overall survival. High MAEL expression was associated with an anti-inflammatory tumor immune microenvironment and VEGFR/mTOR activation in ccRCC tissues and high sensitivities to VEGFR/PI3K-AKT-mTOR inhibitors in ccRCC cell lines. Consistent with these, low rather than high MAEL expression indicated remarkable progression-free survival benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapies over VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors in two large phase III trials (JAVELIN Renal 101 and CheckMate-025). MAEL is a biologically and clinically significant determinant with potential for prognostication after nephrectomy and patient selection for VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors and immunotherapy-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinshan Cui
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yafeng Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guodong Hong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiaoxia Zhou
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Leo Li
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yusheng Han
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunwei Xu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenxian Wang
- Department of Clinical Trial, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shangli Cai
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuepei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Zhou L, Ou S, Liang T, Li M, Xiao P, Cheng J, Zhou J, Yuan L. MAEL facilitates metabolic reprogramming and breast cancer progression by promoting the degradation of citrate synthase and fumarate hydratase via chaperone-mediated autophagy. FEBS J 2023. [PMID: 36866961 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. Several studies have shown that inactivation of Krebs cycle enzymes, such as citrate synthase (CS) and fumarate hydratase (FH), facilitates aerobic glycolysis and cancer progression. MAEL has been shown to play an oncogenic role in bladder, liver, colon, and gastric cancers, but its role in breast cancer and metabolism is still unknown. Here, we demonstrated that MAEL promoted malignant behaviours and aerobic glycolysis in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, MAEL interacted with CS/FH and HSAP8 via its MAEL domain and HMG domain, respectively, and then enhanced the binding affinity of CS/FH with HSPA8, facilitating the transport of CS/FH to the lysosome for degradation. MAEL-induced degradation of CS and FH could be suppressed by the lysosome inhibitors leupeptin and NH4 Cl, but not by the macroautophagy inhibitor 3-MA or the proteasome inhibitor MG132. These results suggested that MAEL promoted the degradation of CS and FH via chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Further studies showed that the expression of MAEL was significantly and negatively correlated with CS and FH in breast cancer. Moreover, overexpression of CS or/and FH could reverse the oncogenic effects of MAEL. Taken together, MAEL promotes a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis by inducing CMA-dependent degradation of CS and FH, thereby promoting breast cancer progression. These findings have elucidated a novel molecular mechanism of MAEL in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish & Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Clinical Laboratory, Changsha Medical University, China
| | - Shuobo Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish & Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish & Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Meiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish & Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Pei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish & Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiaxin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish & Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish & Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liqin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wang Q, Liu Z, Tang S, Wu Z. Morphine suppresses the immune function of lung cancer by up-regulating MAEL expression. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:92. [PMID: 36476246 PMCID: PMC9730686 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cancer rely on morphine for analgesia, while studies have indicated morphine can induce immunosuppression in cancer. Therefore, investigating the immunosuppressive roles and molecular mechanism of morphine on lung cancer progression is imperative. METHODS Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of morphine to lung cancer cells. The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was detected by flow cytometry. In addition, Maelstrom (MAEL), Nrf2, and PTEN were determined by western blot and RT-qPCR. Immune factors programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), transforming growth factor (TGF-β), interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-2 were determined by western blot and ELISA assay. RESULTS Morphine increased the levels of PD-L1, TGF-β, and IL-10, while decreased IL-2 level. Morphine enhanced MAEL expression in A549 cells and H460 cells. Morphine up-regulated Nrf2 and down-regulated PTEN, and morphine-induced MAEL up-regulation was reversed by PTEN. However, MAEL silencing inhibited the enhanced effects of morphine on cell viability and proliferation of A549 cells. Furthermore, morphine treatment reduced the LDH release and the percentage of CD8+ T cells, and increased the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells and tumor weight. Meanwhile, MAEL silencing reversed the effects of morphine on immune factors (PD-L1, TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-2), the percentage of CD8+ T cells, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSION Morphine activated MAEL in lung cancer cells by Nrf2/PTEN pathway and regulated the immune factors, thereby promoting tumor immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Wang
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Oncology II, Dalian Fifth People’s Hospital, No. 890, Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Dalian City, 116021 Liaoning Province China
| | - Zhenfu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zaozhuang Hospital of Zaozhuang Mining Group, No. 188, Shengli Road, Zaozhuang City, 277100 Shandong Province China
| | - Shuhong Tang
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Department of Oncology II, Dalian Fifth People’s Hospital, No. 890, Huanghe Road, Shahekou District, Dalian City, 116021 Liaoning Province China
| | - Zhen Wu
- grid.452582.cDepartment of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang City, 050000 Hebei Province China
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MAEL Augments Cancer Stemness Properties and Resistance to Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through the PTGS2/AKT/STAT3 Axis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122880. [PMID: 35740546 PMCID: PMC9221398 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is the most common and lethal subtype of liver cancer without effective therapeutics. Understanding and targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs), a stem-cell-like subpopulation, which are emerging as effective ways to decipher tumor biology and develop therapies, may help to revolutionize cancer management. Cancer/testis antigen Maelstrom (MAEL) has been implicated in the regulation of CSC phenotypes, while the role of CSCs remains unclear. We demonstrated that MAEL positively regulates cancer stem-cell-like properties in HCC, and MAEL silencing provokes tumor cells’ sensitivity to sorafenib. We further discovered that the MAEL-dependent stemness was operated via PGST2/IL8/AKT/STAT3 signaling. Collectively, our study suggests the MAEL/PGST2 axis as a potential therapeutic target against CSC and sorafenib resistance in HCC. Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumorigenesis, therapeutic resistance, and metastasis in hepatocellular cancer (HCC). Cancer/testis antigen Maelstrom (MAEL) is implicated in the formation of CSC phenotypes, while the exact role and underlying mechanism remain unclear. Here, we found the upregulation of MAEL in HCC, with its expression negatively correlated with survival outcome. Functionally, MAEL promoted tumor cell aggressiveness, tumor stem-like potentials, and resistance to sorafenib in HCC cell lines. Transcriptional profiling indicated the dysregulation of stemness in MAEL knockout cells and identified PTGS2 as a critical downstream target transactivated by MAEL. The suppression effect of MAEL knockout in tumor aggressiveness was rescued in PTGS2 overexpression HCC cells. A molecular mechanism study revealed that the upregulation of PTGS2 by MAEL subsequently resulted in IL-8 secretion and the activation of AKT/NF-κB/STAT3 signaling. Collectively, our work identifies MAEL as an important stemness regulation gene in HCC. Targeting MAEL or its downstream molecules may provide a novel possibility for the elimination of CSC to enhance therapeutic efficacy for HCC patients in the future.
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Chen X, Wen F, Li Z, Li W, Zhou M, Sun X, Zhao P, Zou C, Liu T. Identification of MAEL as a promoter for the drug resistance model of iPSCs derived from T-ALL. Cancer Med 2022; 11:3479-3490. [PMID: 35488386 PMCID: PMC9487874 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of the drug‐resistant and highly recurrent refractory T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL). Primary tumor cell‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have become very useful tumor models for cancer research including drug sensitivity tests. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism underlying drug resistance in T‐ALL using the T‐ALL‐derived iPSCs (T‐iPSCs) model. T‐ALL cells were transformed using iPSC reprogramming factors (Sox‐2, Klf4, Oct4, and Myc) via nonintegrating Sendai virus. T‐iPSCs with the Notch1 mutation were then identified through genomic sequencing. Furthermore, T‐iPSCs resistant to 80 μM LY411575, a γ‐secretase and Notch signal inhibitor, were also established. We found a significant difference in the expression of drug resistance‐related genes between the drug‐resistant T‐iPSCs and drug‐sensitive groups. Among the 27 genes, six most differently expressed genes (DEGs) based on Log2FC >5 were identified. Knockdown analyses using RNA interference (RNAi) revealed that MAEL is the most important gene associated with drug resistance in T‐ALL cells. Also, MAEL knockdown downregulated expression of MRP and LRP in drug‐resistant T‐iPSCs. Interestingly, this phenomenon partially restored the sensitivity of the cells to LY411575. Furthermore, overexpression of the MAEL gene enhanced drug resistance against LY411575. Conclusively, MAEL promotes LY411575 resistance in T‐ALL cells increasing the expression of MRP and LRP genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Chen
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Medical Laboratory of Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feiqiu Wen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Weiran Li
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Medical Laboratory of Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xizhuo Sun
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Pan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Chang Zou
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Abbaszadegan MR, Taghehchian N, Aarabi A, Akbari F, Saburi E, Moghbeli M. MAEL as a diagnostic marker for the early detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:36. [PMID: 33902648 PMCID: PMC8077922 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-021-01098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignancies among Iranians and is categorized as adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Various environmental and genetic factors are involved in this malignancy. Despite the recent advances in therapeutic modalities there is still a noticeable mortality rate among such patients which can be related to the late diagnosis. Regarding high ratio of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Iran, therefore it is required to assess molecular biology of ESCC to introduce novel diagnostic markers. In present study we assessed the role of Maelstrom (MAEL) cancer testis gene in biology of ESCC among Iranian patients. Methods Forty-five freshly normal and tumor tissues were enrolled to evaluate the levels of MAEL mRNA expression using Real time polymerase chain reaction. Results MAEL under and over expressions were observed in 12 (26.7%) and 9 (20%) of patients, respectively. MAEL fold changes were ranged between -4.33 to -1.87 (mean SD: -2.90± 0.24) and 1.92 to 7.72 (mean SD: 3.97± 0.69) in under and over expressed cases, respectively. There was a significant association between stage and MAEL expression in which majority of MAEL over expressed tumors (8/9, 88.9%) were in stage I/II (p<0.001). There was also a significant correlation between MAEL expression and depth of invasion in which tumor with T1/2 had higher levels of MAEL expression compared with T3/4 tumors (p=0.017). Moreover, there were significant correlations between MAEL expression, tumor size (p=0.028), and grade (p=0.003) among male patients. Conclusions Our data showed that the MAEL was mainly involved in primary stages of tumor progression and it has a declining expression levels toward the advanced stages and higher depth of tumor invasions. Therefore, MAEL can be efficiently introduced as an early detection marker among Iranian ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aarabi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faride Akbari
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Lee E, Lokman NA, Oehler MK, Ricciardelli C, Grutzner F. A Comprehensive Molecular and Clinical Analysis of the piRNA Pathway Genes in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010004. [PMID: 33374923 PMCID: PMC7792616 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers, its development and progression remain poorly understood. The piRNA pathway is important for transposon defense and genome stability. piRNA maturation and function involve a number of genes known as the piRNA pathway genes. These genes have recently been implicated in cancer development and progression but information about their role in OC is limited. Our work aimed to provide a better understanding of the roles of piRNA pathway genes in OC. Through analyzing changes in the abundance of 10 piRNA pathway genes, we discovered gene expression differences in benign vs. cancer, chemosensitive vs. chemoresistant and post hormone treatment in OC samples and cells. Furthermore, we observed the differential effects of these genes on patient survival and OC cell invasion. Overall, this work supports a role of the piRNA pathway genes in OC progression and encourages further study of their clinical relevance. Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies, yet molecular mechanisms underlying its origin and progression remain poorly understood. With increasing reports of piRNA pathway deregulation in various cancers, we aimed to better understand its role in OC through a comprehensive analysis of key genes: PIWIL1-4, DDX4, HENMT1, MAEL, PLD6, TDRD1,9 and mutants of PIWIL1 (P1∆17) and PIWIL2 (PL2L60). High-throughput qRT-PCR (n = 45) and CSIOVDB (n = 3431) showed differential gene expression when comparing benign ovarian tumors, low grade OC and high grade serous OC (HGSOC). Significant correlation of disparate piRNA pathway gene expression levels with better progression free, post-progression free and overall survival suggests a complex role of this pathway in OC. We discovered PIWIL3 expression in chemosensitive but not chemoresistant primary HGSOC cells, providing a potential target against chemoresistant disease. As a first, we revealed that follicle stimulating hormone increased PIWIL2 expression in OV-90 cells. PIWIL1, P1∆17, PIWIL2, PL2L60 and MAEL overexpression in vitro and in vivo decreased motility and invasion of OVCAR-3 and OV-90 cells. Interestingly, P1∆17 and PL2L60, induced increased motility and invasion compared to PIWIL1 and PIWIL2. Our results in HGSOC highlight the intricate role piRNA pathway genes play in the development of malignant neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Lee
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Noor A. Lokman
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (N.A.L.); (M.K.O.)
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Martin K. Oehler
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (N.A.L.); (M.K.O.)
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (N.A.L.); (M.K.O.)
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (F.G.); Tel.: +61-8-8313-8255 (C.R.); +61-8-8313-4812 (F.G.)
| | - Frank Grutzner
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
- Correspondence: (C.R.); (F.G.); Tel.: +61-8-8313-8255 (C.R.); +61-8-8313-4812 (F.G.)
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Abbaszadegan MR, Taghehchian N, Aarabi A, Moghbeli M. MAEL Cancer-Testis Antigen as a Diagnostic Marker in Primary Stages of Gastric Cancer with Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Gastrointest Cancer 2020; 51:17-22. [PMID: 30488287 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-018-0183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer related deaths in the world. Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are involved in tumor progression of various cancers. These markers have not any expression or minimally expression in normal tissues, highlighting them as efficient methods for molecular targeted therapy. In the present study, we assessed the role of MAEL as a CTA in biology of GC and risk of Helicobacter Pylori (H pylori) infection. METHODS Levels of MAEL mRNA expression in 80 GC tumor tissues were compared to their corresponding normal margins using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between MAEL expression and tumor stage (p = 0.050). There were also significant correlations between MAEL expression and tumor grade (p = 0.015) and depth of invasion (p = 0.030) among the H pylori negative cases. CONCLUSIONS MAEL is probably associated with aggressiveness of primary-stage tumors and can be introduced as an efficient marker for the early detection and also H pylori infected tumors in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aarabi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Guo W, Yu Q, Zhang M, Li F, Liu Y, Jiang W, Jiang H, Li H. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 511 promotes the progression of osteosarcoma cells through sponging microRNA 618 to upregulate the expression of maelstrom. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5351-5367. [PMID: 31386627 PMCID: PMC6710040 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a tumor disease that commonly exists among young populations. Our research explored the role of the LINC00511/microRNA-618/MAEL axis in osteosarcoma.Expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in osteosarcoma (OS) tissues were constructed, and LINC00511 expression levels were verified with qRT-PCR. LncRNA-miRNA and miRNA-mRNA interactions were predicted. Validation was performed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Protein expression levels of MAEL were evaluated by Western blot assays. The effects of LINC00511, miR-618 and MAEL on the proliferation, viability, and metastasis of OS cells were detected using colony formation, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assays, respectively. The apoptosis rates of OS cells were investigated using flow cytometry. The tumor-suppressing effect of LINC00511 silencing was also analyzed using a xenograft model in nude mice.LINC00511 overexpression was observed in OS tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of LINC00511 in nude mice inhibited the tumorigenic ability of OS cells. Transfection-induced overexpression of LINC00511 and MAEL, as well as downregulation, highlighted the features of tumor cells, and LINC00511 overexpression reduced apoptosis in vitro.LINC00511 was confirmed to be beneficial for osteosarcoma development via sponging miR-618 and increasing MAEL expression and may thus be considered a potential target for osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu 225300, China
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Zhang X, Ning Y, Xiao Y, Duan H, Qu G, Liu X, Du Y, Jiang D, Zhou J. MAEL contributes to gastric cancer progression by promoting ILKAP degradation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113331-113344. [PMID: 29371914 PMCID: PMC5768331 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer-testis gene MAEL is involved in the development and progression of bladder, liver and colorectal cancers. However, its role in other cancers is unclear. By systematically analyzing transcriptomics and genomics data from various cancer databases, we identified that the MAEL gene is aberrantly elevated in gastric cancer (GC) tissues and that its expression is strongly negatively correlated with DNA methylation (Pearson's correlation coefficient = −0.675). Survival analysis revealed that MAEL expression may serve as a prognostic marker for GC patients (overall survival: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.54, p = 1.2E-4; first progression: HR = 1.51, p = 8.7E-4). In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that silencing MAEL expression in the GC cell lines HGC-27 and AGS inhibits proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and growth of xenograft tumors, whereas MAEL overexpression exerts the opposite effects in the normal gastric cell line GES-1. Mechanistically, MAEL promotes the lysosome-dependent degradation of the protein phosphatase ILKAP, leading to increased phosphorylation of its substrates (p38, CHK1 and RSK2). Moreover, adenovirus-mediated ILKAP overexpression reversed the oncogenic effects of MAEL in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that MAEL exerts its oncogenic function by promoting ILKAP degradation in the GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of The Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Yichong Ning
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of The Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Yuzhong Xiao
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Huaxin Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Guifang Qu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of The Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Du
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of The Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Dejian Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of New Drugs, Changsha 410331, Hunan, China
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of The Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
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