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Peng C, Wang Y, Guo Y, Li J, Liu F, Fu Y, Yu Y, Zhang C, Fu J, Han F. A literature review on signaling pathways of cervical cancer cell death-apoptosis induced by Traditional Chinese Medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118491. [PMID: 38936644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cervical cancer (CC) is a potentially lethal disorder that can have serious consequences for a woman's health. Because early symptoms are typically only present in the middle to late stages of the disease, clinical diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been shown to have unique benefits in terms of alleviating cancer clinical symptoms, lowering the risk of recurrence after surgery, and reducing toxic side effects and medication resistance after radiation therapy. It has also been shown to improve the quality of life for patients. Because of its improved anti-tumor effectiveness and biosafety, it could be considered an alternative therapy option. This study examines how TCM causes apoptosis in CC cells via signal transduction, including the active components and medicinal tonics. It also intends to provide a reliable clinical basis and protocol selection for the TCM therapy of CC. METHODS The following search terms were employed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, and other scientific databases to retrieve pertinent literature on "cervical cancer," "apoptosis," "signaling pathway," "traditional Chinese medicine," "herbal monomers," "herbal components," "herbal extracts," and "herbal formulas." RESULTS It has been demonstrated that herbal medicines can induce apoptosis in cells of the cervix, a type of cancer, by influencing the signaling pathways involved. CONCLUSION A comprehensive literature search was conducted, and 148 papers from the period between January 2017 and December 2023 were identified as eligible for inclusion. After a meticulous process of screening, elimination and summary, generalization, and analysis, it was found that TCM can regulate multiple intracellular signaling pathways and related molecular targets, such as STAT3, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, NF-κB, p53, HIF-1α, Fas/FasL and so forth. This regulatory capacity was observed to induce apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. The study of the mechanism of TCM against cervical cancer and the screening of new drug targets is of great significance for future research in this field. The results of this study will provide ideas and references for the future development of Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chengxin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jiangmei Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Fengjuan Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Zhang C, Zhang L, Huang Q, Jiang S, Peng T, Wang S, Xu X. Diagnostic and screening potential of plasma exosome miR‑99b‑5p and its combination with other miRNAs for colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:461. [PMID: 39119230 PMCID: PMC11307556 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by tumor cells have been documented to hold viable biomarker potential. Therefore, the present study evaluated the potential clinical value of EV-microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in the plasma exosomes of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) for the early diagnosis and screening of CRC. In total, 95 plasma samples were collected at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou, China) between 2017 and 2019. Specifically, 68 samples were from patients with CRC and 27 were from healthy control (HC) donors. High-throughput sequencing was used to detect the expression of miRNAs in the isolated plasma EVs, which was subsequently verified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the diagnostic potential of single and combined miRNAs for CRC. Bioinformatics analysis was employed to predict the target genes of candidate miRNAs. Compared with those in the HC group, the CRC group expressed higher levels of miR-99b-5p and miR-409-3p, especially during the early stages of CRC. Clinicopathological analysis confirmed the higher expression levels of miR-99b-5p during the early stages, as well as higher expression levels in the colon compared with those in the rectum. ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of miR-99b-5p for the diagnosis of early CRC was 73.5% (P=0.007). The early diagnostic capability of miR-99b-5p combined with miR-409-3p for CRC was evaluated, and the AUC was found to be 74.1% (P=0.006). In addition, the AUC of the combination of miR-99b-5p, miR-409-3p and carcinoembryonic antigen was 81.2% (P<0.001), indicating that this three-parameter combination displayed higher diagnostic power compared with any single miRNA for early CRC screening. The results from the present study suggest that the expression of miR-99b-5p in plasma exosomes is significantly upregulated in CRC, which holds potential for the early diagnosis of this cancer type. Such potential can be enhanced further by combining it with other miRNAs. Therefore, the present study provides a comprehensive but preliminary insight for the viability of miR-99b-5p (alone or combined with other miRNAs) for CRC diagnosis, which requires further exploration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhang
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710032, P.R. China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Limei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Qiyuan Huang
- Nursing School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510030, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
| | - Tao Peng
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Hoffman Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xuehu Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510150, P.R. China
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Zheng H, Keyvani F, Sadeghzadeh S, Mantaila DF, Rahman FA, Quadrilatero J, Poudineh M. Rapid miRNA detection in skin interstitial fluid using a hydrogel microneedle patch integrated with DNA probes and graphene oxide. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 39327995 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00715h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a type of short, non-coding nucleic acid molecule that plays essential roles in diagnosing and prognosing various types of cancer. MiRNA is abundantly present in skin interstitial fluid (ISF), providing real-time and localized physiological information. Hydrogel microneedle (HMN) patches enable miRNA collection in a fast, pain-free, minimally invasive, and user-friendly manner. In this study, we introduced a fluorescence-based HMN assay, namely the HMN-miR sensor, composed of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) and a graphene oxide-probe DNA (GO.pDNA) conjugate for miR21 and miR210 detection. The HMN-miR sensor demonstrates excellent skin penetration efficiency, rapid ISF collection capability, and sufficient miRNA detection and sequence identification specificity. The HMN-miR sensor facilitates a new assay that, with further optimization, could be applied in future clinical settings. Its simple fabrication process and excellent biocompatibility give it significant potential for various clinical uses, such as personalized cancer treatment and monitoring the healing progress of burn wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjia Zheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Fatemeh Keyvani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Sadegh Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Dragos F Mantaila
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Fasih A Rahman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Joe Quadrilatero
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mahla Poudineh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Chang J, Zhang L, Li Z, Qian C, Du J. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as potential biomarkers in tumor early diagnosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189188. [PMID: 39313040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, extracellular vesicles carrying a cargo rich in various non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication. Their stability, abundance, and specificity make exosomal ncRNAs promising candidates for biomarker discovery. The discovery of exosomal ncRNAs has unveiled a novel avenue for the exploration of biomarkers in tumor early diagnosis. This review consolidates current knowledge on the role of exosomal ncRNAs as potential biomarkers in the early detection of various tumors. We provide an overview of recent studies demonstrating the diagnostic potential of exosomal ncRNAs across multiple cancer types, highlighting their sensitivity, specificity, and feasibility for early detection. This review underscores the potential of exosomal ncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for early tumor diagnosis, paving the way for improved clinical outcomes through timely intervention and personalized management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Chang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingquan Zhang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeting Li
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong, China
| | - Chungen Qian
- Department of Reagent Research and Development, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong, China.
| | - Juan Du
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, Guangdong, China.
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5
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Braile M, Luciano N, Carlomagno D, Salvatore G, Orlandella FM. Insight into the Role of the miR-584 Family in Human Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7448. [PMID: 39000555 PMCID: PMC11242779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Among the non-coding RNAs, the aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is well described in the oncology field. It is clear that the altered expression of miRNAs is crucial for a variety of processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, motility, angiogenesis and metastasis insurgence. Considering these aspects, RNA-based therapies and the use of miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis are underlined as promising opportunities against cancer death. In the era of precision medicine, significant progress in next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques has broadened knowledge regarding the miRNAs expression profile in cancer tissues and in the blood of cancer patients. In this scenario, pre-clinical and clinical studies suggested that the members of the miR-584 family, i.e., miR-584-5p and -3p, are prominent players in cancer development and progression. Under some conditions, these miRNAs are under-expressed in cancer tissues acting as tumor suppressors, while in other conditions, they are overexpressed, acting as oncogenes increasing the aggressive behavior of cancer cells. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on the expression, upstream genes, molecular targets and signaling pathways influenced by the miR-584 family (i.e., miR-584-3p and -5p) in various human solid and hematological cancers. To achieve this goal, 64 articles on this topic are discussed. Among these articles, 55 are focused on miR-584-5p, and it is outlined how this miRNA could be used in future applications as a potential new therapeutic strategy and diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neila Luciano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Davide Carlomagno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuliana Salvatore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy;
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Mediche, Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Maria Orlandella
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, 80145 Naples, Italy;
- Dipartimento delle Scienze Mediche, Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
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Xie W, Wang Z, Wang J, Wang X, Guan H. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of microRNA‑409‑3p in tumor progression: Towards targeted therapeutics (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 65:67. [PMID: 38757364 PMCID: PMC11155714 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non‑coding RNAs that exert master regulatory functions in post‑-transcriptional gene expression. Accumulating evidence shows that miRNAs can either promote or suppress tumorigenesis by regulating different target genes or pathways and may be involved in the occurrence of carcinoma. miR‑409‑3p is dysregulated in a variety of malignant cancers. It plays a fundamental role in numerous cellular biological processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, autophagy, angiogenesis and glycolysis. In addition, studies have shown that miR‑409‑3p is expected to become a non‑invasive biomarker. Identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying miR‑409‑3p‑mediated tumor progression will help investigate miR‑409‑3p‑based targeted therapy for human cancers. The present review comprehensively summarized the recently published literature on miR‑409‑3p, with a focus on the regulation and function of miR‑409‑3p in various types of cancer, and discussed the clinical implications of miR‑409‑3p, providing new insight for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Junke Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Hongzai Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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7
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Azam HMH, Rößling RI, Geithe C, Khan MM, Dinter F, Hanack K, Prüß H, Husse B, Roggenbuck D, Schierack P, Rödiger S. MicroRNA biomarkers as next-generation diagnostic tools for neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1386735. [PMID: 38883980 PMCID: PMC11177777 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1386735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by abnormalities within neurons of the brain or spinal cord that gradually lose function, eventually leading to cell death. Upon examination of affected tissue, pathological changes reveal a loss of synapses, misfolded proteins, and activation of immune cells-all indicative of disease progression-before severe clinical symptoms become apparent. Early detection of NDs is crucial for potentially administering targeted medications that may delay disease advancement. Given their complex pathophysiological features and diverse clinical symptoms, there is a pressing need for sensitive and effective diagnostic methods for NDs. Biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as potential tools for detecting these diseases. We explore the pivotal role of miRNAs in the context of NDs, focusing on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The review delves into the intricate relationship between aging and NDs, highlighting structural and functional alterations in the aging brain and their implications for disease development. It elucidates how miRNAs and RNA-binding proteins are implicated in the pathogenesis of NDs and underscores the importance of investigating their expression and function in aging. Significantly, miRNAs exert substantial influence on post-translational modifications (PTMs), impacting not just the nervous system but a wide array of tissues and cell types as well. Specific miRNAs have been found to target proteins involved in ubiquitination or de-ubiquitination processes, which play a significant role in regulating protein function and stability. We discuss the link between miRNA, PTM, and NDs. Additionally, the review discusses the significance of miRNAs as biomarkers for early disease detection, offering insights into diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Husnain Azam
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Rosa Ilse Rößling
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Geithe
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, The Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
| | - Muhammad Moman Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Dinter
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- PolyAn GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Hanack
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Harald Prüß
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Britta Husse
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Roggenbuck
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schierack
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rödiger
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, The Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Berlin, Germany
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Liu Z, Huang H, Ren J, Song T, Ni Y, Mao S, Yang Y, Liu D, Tang H. Plasma exosomes contain protein biomarkers valuable for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:194. [PMID: 38806979 PMCID: PMC11133266 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that exosomal proteins are critical in diagnosing malignant tumors. To identify novel exosomal biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis, we isolated plasma exosomes from 517 lung cancer patients and 168 healthy controls (NLs)-186 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients (screening (SN): 20, validation (VD): 166), 159 lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) patients (SN: 20, VD: 139), 172 benign nodules (LUBN) patients (SN: 20, VD: 152) and 168 NLs (SN: 20, VD: 148)-and randomly assigned them to the SN or VD group. Proteomic analysis by LC-MS/MS and PRM were performed on all groups. The candidate humoral markers were evaluated and screened by a machine learning method. All selected biomarkers were identified in the VD groups. For LUAD, a 7-protein panel had AUCs of 97.9% and 87.6% in the training and test sets, respectively, and 89.5% for early LUAD. For LUSC, an 8-protein panel showed AUCs of 99.1% and 87.0% in the training and test sets and 92.3% for early LUSC. For LUAD + LUSC (LC), an 8-protein panel showed AUCs of 85.9% and 80.3% in the training and test sets and 87.1% for early LC diagnosis. The characteristics of the exosomal proteome make exosomes potential diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinyun Ni
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengqiang Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Huairong Tang
- Center of Health Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Ando W, Sogabe M, Ishikawa S, Uematsu T, Furuya H, Yokomori H, Kohgo Y, Otori K, Nakano T, Endo S, Tsubochi H, Okazaki I. Matrix metalloproteinase‑1 and microRNA‑486‑5p in urinary exosomes can be used to detect early lung cancer: A preliminary report. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:127. [PMID: 38333640 PMCID: PMC10851336 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study describes a novel molecular-genetic method suitable for lung cancer (LC) screening in the work-place and at community health centers. Using urinary-isolated exosomes from 35 patients with LC and 40 healthy volunteers, the expression ratio of MMP-1/CD63, and the relative expression levels of both microRNA (miRNA)-21 and miRNA-486-5p were measured. MMP-1/CD63 expression ratio was significantly higher in patients with LC than in the healthy controls {1.342 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.890-1.974] vs. 0.600 (0.490-0.900); P<0.0001}. The relative expression of miRNA-486-5p in male healthy controls was significantly different from that in female healthy controls, whereas there was no significant difference in miRNA-21. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis of MMP-1/CD63 showed 92.5% sensitivity and 54.3% specificity, whereas miRNA-486-5p showed 85% sensitivity and 70.8% specificity for men, and 70.0% sensitivity and 72.7% specificity for women. The logistic regression model used to evaluate the association of LC with the combination of MMP-1/CD63 and miRNA-486-5p revealed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.954 (95% CI: 0.908-1.000), and the model had 89% sensitivity and 88% specificity after adjusting for age, sex and smoking status. These data suggested that the combined analysis of MMP-1/CD63 and miRNA-486-5p in urinary exosomes may be used to detect patients with early-stage LC in the work-place and at community health centers, although confirmational studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ando
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy and Sciences, Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Masaya Sogabe
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama 330-0834, Japan
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasu-Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
- Department of Chest Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasu-Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
| | - Shigemi Ishikawa
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasu-Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
- Department of Chest Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasu-Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uematsu
- Biomedical Laboratory, Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, Kitamoto, Saitama 364-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuya
- Basic Clinical Science and Public Health, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yokomori
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, Kitamoto, Saitama 364-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kohgo
- Department of Internal Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasu-Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasu-Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
| | - Katsuya Otori
- Research and Education Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Division of Clinical Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmacy Practice and Science 1, Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0375, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakano
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasu-Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
- Department of Chest Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasu-Shiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Endo
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama 330-0834, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Tsubochi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Isao Okazaki
- Department of Health and Welfare, Higashi Nippon International University, Iwaki, Fukushima 970-8023, Japan
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10
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Rahimian S, Najafi H, Afzali B, Doroudian M. Extracellular Vesicles and Exosomes: Novel Insights and Perspectives on Lung Cancer from Early Detection to Targeted Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:123. [PMID: 38255228 PMCID: PMC10813125 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer demands innovative approaches for early detection and targeted treatment. In addressing this urgent need, exosomes play a pivotal role in revolutionizing both the early detection and targeted treatment of lung cancer. Their remarkable capacity to encapsulate a diverse range of biomolecules, traverse biological barriers, and be engineered with specific targeting molecules makes them highly promising for both diagnostic markers and precise drug delivery to cancer cells. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of exosomal content and biogenesis offers crucial insights into the molecular profile of lung tumors. This knowledge holds significant potential for the development of targeted therapies and innovative diagnostic strategies for cancer. Despite notable progress in this field, challenges in standardization and cargo loading persist. Collaborative research efforts are imperative to maximize the potential of exosomes and advance the field of precision medicine for the benefit of lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohammad Doroudian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 14911-15719, Iran; (S.R.); (H.N.); (B.A.)
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11
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Mlika M, Zorgati MM, Abdennadher M, Bouassida I, Mezni F, Mrabet A. The diagnostic performance of micro-RNA and metabolites in lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2024; 32:45-65. [PMID: 38009802 DOI: 10.1177/02184923231215538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of lung cancer is based on the microscopic exam of tissue or liquid. During the recent decade, many biomarkers have been pointed to have a potential diagnostic role. These biomarkers may be assessed in blood, pleural effusion or sputum and they could avoid biopsies or other risky procedures. The authors aimed to assess the diagnostic performances of biomarkers focusing on micro-RNA and metabolites. METHODS This meta-analysis was conducted under the PRISMA guidelines during a nine-year-period (2013-2022). the Meta-Disc software 5.4 (free version) was used. Q test and I2 statistics were carried out to explore the heterogeneity among studies. Meta-regression was performed in case of significant heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using the funnel plot test and the Egger's test (free version JASP). RESULTS According to our inclusion criteria, 165 studies from 79 articles were included. The pooled SEN, SPE and dOR accounted, respectively, for 0.76, 0.79 and 13.927. The AUC was estimated to 0.859 suggesting a good diagnostic accuracy. The heterogeneity in the pooled SEN and SPE was statistically significant. The meta-regression analysis focusing on the technique used, the sample, the number of biomarkers, the biomarker subtype, the tumor stage and the ethnicity revealed the biomarker number (p = 0.009) and the tumor stage (p = 0.0241) as potential sources of heterogeneity. CONCLUSION Even if this meta-analysis highlighted the potential diagnostic utility of biomarkers, more prospective studies should be performed, especially to assess the biomarkers' diagnostic potential in early-stage lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mlika
- Department of Pathology, Center of Traumatology and Major Burns, Ben Arous, Tunis, Tunisia
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Mehdi Abdennadher
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Bouassida
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Faouzi Mezni
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ali Mrabet
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
- Ministry of Health, Tunis, Tunisia
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12
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Zhao Y, Zhao M, Li M, Ma X, Zheng M, Nie Y, Zhu Y, Ren J, Hasimu A, Yuan Z, Li Q, Bahabayi A, Zhang Z, Zeng X, Liu C. Alterations in Helios+ T cell subsets in peripheral blood of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients: Implications for early diagnosis. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152749. [PMID: 37778128 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the changes and significance of circulating Helios-associated T cell subsets in patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS Blood samples were collected from 35 healthy controls and 34 patients with early-stage LUAD. Flow cytometry was used to analyze various CD4+ T cell subsets, including regulatory T(Treg) cells, follicular regulatory T(Tfr) cells, follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, and conventional T (con-T) cells. Correlation analysis was conducted to investigate the association of Helios-related subsets with clinical indicators. The ROC curve was used to explore the potential clinical value of Helios+ T cell subsets in the screening of patients with early LUAD. Fifteen of these patients were tracked after lung cancer resection and changes in Helios+ T cell subsets before and after treatment were analyzed. RESULTS The percentage and absolute number of Tregs were up-regulated in LUAD patients while Tfh and con-T cells expressing Helios were down-regulated. Absolute counts of Tfr and con-T cells and Helios expression in Tfr and Treg decreased significantly after resection. Helios+ Tfh and con-T were negatively correlated with certain tumor markers. Areas under the curve (AUCs) of percentages and absolute counts of Helios+ Tfh, Treg, Tfr and con-T cells to distinguish early LUAD from healthy individuals were 0.7277, 0.5697, 0.5718, 0.7210 (percentages), 0.7336, 0.7378, 0.5908 and 0.7445(absolute numbers), respectively. CONCLUSION Helios+ T cell subsets in peripheral blood of early-stage LUAD patients has changed significantly, which may be related to the pathogenesis of LUAD and could help for early diagnosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiancan Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mohan Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Nie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyi Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Ren
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ainizati Hasimu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zihang Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ayibaota Bahabayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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13
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Lohajová Behulová R, Bugalová A, Bugala J, Struhárňanská E, Šafranek M, Juráš I. Circulating exosomal miRNAs as a promising diagnostic biomarker in cancer. Physiol Res 2023; 72:S193-S207. [PMID: 37888964 PMCID: PMC10669947 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer belongs to multifactorial diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal cells. Breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer are the most frequently diagnosed malignancies with a high mortality rate. These carcinomas typically contain multiple genetically distinct subpopulations of tumor cells leading to tumor heterogeneity, which promotes the aggressiveness of the disease. Early diagnosis is necessary to increase patient progression-free survival. Particularly, miRNAs present in exosomes derived from tumors represent potential biomarkers suitable for early cancer diagnosis. Identification of miRNAs by liquid biopsy enables a personalized approach with the subsequent better clinical management of patients. This review article highlights the potential of circulating exosomal miRNAs in early breast, non-small cell lung, and colorectal cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lohajová Behulová
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Elizabeth's Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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14
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Garbo E, Del Rio B, Ferrari G, Cani M, Napoli VM, Bertaglia V, Capelletto E, Rolfo C, Novello S, Passiglia F. Exploring the Potential of Non-Coding RNAs as Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers for Lung Cancer Screening: A Literature Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4774. [PMID: 37835468 PMCID: PMC10571819 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer represent the leading cause of cancer mortality, so several efforts have been focused on the development of a screening program. To address the issue of high overdiagnosis and false positive rates associated to LDCT-based screening, there is a need for new diagnostic biomarkers, with liquid biopsy ncRNAs detection emerging as a promising approach. In this scenario, this work provides an updated summary of the literature evidence about the role of non-coding RNAs in lung cancer screening. A literature search on PubMed was performed including studies which investigated liquid biopsy non-coding RNAs biomarker lung cancer patients and a control cohort. Micro RNAs were the most widely studied biomarkers in this setting but some preliminary evidence was found also for other non-coding RNAs, suggesting that a multi-biomarker based liquid biopsy approach could enhance their efficacy in the screening context. However, further studies are needed in order to optimize detection techniques as well as diagnostic accuracy before introducing novel biomarkers in the early diagnosis setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Garbo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Benedetta Del Rio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Giorgia Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Massimiliano Cani
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Valerio Maria Napoli
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Valentina Bertaglia
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Enrica Capelletto
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
| | - Francesco Passiglia
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10124 Orbassano, Italy; (E.G.); (B.D.R.); (G.F.); (M.C.); (V.M.N.); (V.B.); (E.C.); (S.N.)
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15
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Ju Y, Choi GE, Lee MW, Jeong M, Kwon H, Kim DH, Kim J, Jin H, Lee KE, Hyun KY, Jang A. Identification of miR-143-3p as a diagnostic biomarker in gastric cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:135. [PMID: 37328880 PMCID: PMC10273760 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01554-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is among the most common types of gastrointestinal cancers and has a high incidence and mortality around the world. To suppress the progression of GC, it is essential to develop diagnostic markers. MicroRNAs regulate GC development, but a clearer insight into their role is needed before they can be applied as a molecular markers and targets. METHODS In this study, we assessed the diagnostic value of differentially expressed microRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers for GC using data for 389 tissue samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and 21 plasma samples from GC patients. RESULTS The expression of hsa-miR-143-3p (also known as hsa-miR-143) was significantly downregulated in GC according to the TCGA data and plasma samples. The 228 potential target genes of hsa-miR-143-3p were analyzed using a bioinformatics tool for miRNA target prediction. The target genes correlated with extracellular matrix organization, the cytoplasm, and identical protein binding. Furthermore, the pathway enrichment analysis of target genes showed that they were involved in pathways in cancer, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, and proteoglycans in cancer. The hub genes in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, were matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), CD44 molecule (CD44), and SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that hsa-miR-143-3p may be used as a diagnostic marker for GC, contributing via the pathways involved in the development of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongdon Ju
- Medical Science Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Go-Eun Choi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Won Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongguk Jeong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeokjin Kwon
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeok Kim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Kim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Eun Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Yae Hyun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea.
| | - Aelee Jang
- Department of Nursing, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44610, Republic of Korea.
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De Martino E, Gandin I, Azzalini E, Massone C, Pizzichetta MA, Giulioni E, Javor S, Pinzani C, Conforti C, Zalaudek I, Bonin S. A group of three miRNAs can act as candidate circulating biomarkers in liquid biopsies from melanoma patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1180799. [PMID: 37387784 PMCID: PMC10301821 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1180799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Staging of melanoma and follow up after melanoma diagnosis aims at predicting risk and detecting progression or recurrence at early stage, respectively in order to timely start and/or change treatment. Tumor thickness according to Breslow, status of the sentinel node and value of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are well-established prognostic markers for metastatic risk, but reliable biomarkers identifying early recurrence or candidates who may benefit best from medical treatment are still warranted. Liquid biopsy has emerged to be a suitable method for identifying biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic response prediction, and patient follow-up. Liquid biopsy is a blood-based non-invasive procedure that allows analyzing circulating analytes, including extracellular vesicles. Methods In this study we have explored the use of 7 miRNAs, namely hsa-miR-149-3p, hsa-miR-150-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-134-5p, hsa-miR-144-3p and hsa-miR-221-3p in plasma exosomes to discriminate melanoma patients from controls without melanoma in a cohort of 92 individuals. Results and discussion Our results showed that three out seven miRNAs, namely hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-144-3p and hsa-miR-221-3p were differentially expressed in plasma-derived exosomes from melanoma patients and controls. Furthermore, the expression of the three miRNAs may be a promising ancillary tool as a melanoma biomarker, even for discriminating between nevi and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora De Martino
- Dermatology and Venerology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gandin
- Biostatistics Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eros Azzalini
- Dermatology and Venerology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cesare Massone
- Dermatology Unit and Scientific Directorate, Ospedali Galliera, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Pizzichetta
- Dermatology and Venerology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Oncologic Dermatology Prevention Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Erika Giulioni
- Dermatology Unit, AS FO Azienda sanitaria Friuli Occidentale, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Sanja Javor
- Dermatology Unit, Ospedali Galliera, Genova, Italy
| | - Caterina Pinzani
- Oncologic Dermatology Prevention Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Claudio Conforti
- Dermatology and Venerology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology and Venerology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Dermatology Unit, ASU GI Azienda sanitaria universitaria integrata Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Serena Bonin
- Dermatology and Venerology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Wang Z, Xie W, Guan H. Diverse Functions of MiR-425 in Human Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:113-129. [PMID: 36796000 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are a type of small endogenous noncoding RNA composed of 20-22 nucleotides that can regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region of mRNA. Many investigations have discovered that miRNAs have a role in the development and progression of human cancer. Several aspects of tumor development are affected by miR-425, including growth, apoptosis, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and drug resistance. In this article, we discuss the properties and research development of miR-425, focusing on the regulation and function of miR-425 in various cancers. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical implications of miR-425. This review may broaden our horizon for better understanding the role of miR-425 as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongzai Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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18
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Metastatic Melanoma: Liquid Biopsy as a New Precision Medicine Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044014. [PMID: 36835424 PMCID: PMC9962821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine has driven a major change in the treatment of many forms of cancer. The discovery that each patient is different and each tumor mass has its own characteristics has shifted the focus of basic and clinical research to the singular individual. Liquid biopsy (LB), in this sense, presents new scenarios in personalized medicine through the study of molecules, factors, and tumor biomarkers in blood such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), exosomes and circulating tumor microRNAs (ct-miRNAs). Moreover, its easy application and complete absence of contraindications for the patient make this method applicable in a great many fields. Melanoma, given its highly heterogeneous characteristics, is a cancer form that could significantly benefit from the information linked to liquid biopsy, especially in the treatment management. In this review, we will focus our attention on the latest applications of liquid biopsy in metastatic melanoma and possible developments in the clinical setting.
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Jafari A, Karimabadi K, Rahimi A, Rostaminasab G, Khazaei M, Rezakhani L, Ahmadi jouybari T. The Emerging Role of Exosomal miRNAs as Biomarkers for Early Cancer Detection: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231205999. [PMID: 37817634 PMCID: PMC10566290 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231205999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A significant number of cancer-related deaths are recorded globally each year, despite attempts to cure this illness. Medical science is working to develop new medication therapies as well as to find ways to identify this illness as early as possible, even using noninvasive techniques. Early detection of cancer can greatly aid its treatment. Studies into cancer diagnosis and therapy have recently shifted their focus to exosome (EXO) biomarkers, which comprise numerous RNA and proteins. EXOs are minuscule goblet vesicles that have a width of 30 to 140 nm and are released by a variety of cells, including immune, stem, and tumor cells, as well as bodily fluids. According to a growing body of research, EXOs, and cancer appear to be related. EXOs from tumors play a role in the genetic information transfer between tumor and basal cells, which controls angiogenesis and fosters tumor development and spread. To identify malignant activities early on, microRNAs (miRNAs) from cancers can be extracted from circulatory system EXOs. Specific markers can be used to identify cancer-derived EXOs containing miRNAs, which may be more reliable and precise for early detection. Conventional solid biopsy has become increasingly limited as precision and personalized medicine has advanced, while liquid biopsy offers a viable platform for noninvasive diagnosis and prognosis. Therefore, the use of body fluids such as serum, plasma, urine, and salivary secretions can help find cancer biomarkers using technologies related to EXOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Keyvan Karimabadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Aso Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Gelavizh Rostaminasab
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Touraj Ahmadi jouybari
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Visan KS, Wu LY, Voss S, Wuethrich A, Möller A. Status quo of Extracellular Vesicle isolation and detection methods for clinical utility. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:157-171. [PMID: 36581020 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized particles that hold tremendous potential in the clinical space, as their biomolecular profiles hold a key to non-invasive liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. EVs are present in most bodily fluids, hence are easily obtainable from patients, advantageous to that of traditional, invasive tissue biopsies and imaging techniques. However, there are certain constraints that hinder clinical use of EVs. The translation of EV biomarkers from "bench-to-bedside" is encumbered by the methods of EV isolation and subsequent biomarker detection currently implemented in laboratories. Although current isolation and detection methods are effective, they lack practicality, with their requirement for high bodily fluid volumes, low equipment availability, slow turnaround times and high costs. The high demand for techniques that overcome these limitations has resulted in significant advancements in nanotechnological devices. These devices are designed to integrate EV isolation and biomarker detection into a one-step method of direct EV detection from bodily fluids. This provides promise for the acceleration of EVs into current clinical standards. This review highlights the importance of EVs as cancer biomarkers, the methodological obstacles currently faced in clinical studies and how novel nanodevices could advance clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekoolani S Visan
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Li-Ying Wu
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Sarah Voss
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andreas Möller
- Tumour Microenvironment Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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21
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MicroRNAs miR-584-5p and miR-425-3p Are Up-Regulated in Plasma of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Patients: Targeting with Inhibitor Peptide Nucleic Acids Is Associated with Induction of Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010128. [PMID: 36612125 PMCID: PMC9817681 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy has dramatically changed cancer management in the last decade; however, despite the huge number of miRNA signatures available for diagnostic or prognostic purposes, it is still unclear if dysregulated miRNAs in the bloodstream could be used to develop miRNA-based therapeutic approaches. In one author's previous work, nine miRNAs were found to be dysregulated in early-stage colon cancer (CRC) patients by NGS analysis followed by RT-dd-PCR validation. In the present study, the biological effects of the targeting of the most relevant dysregulated miRNAs with anti-miRNA peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) were verified, and their anticancer activity in terms of apoptosis induction was evaluated. Our data demonstrate that targeting bloodstream up-regulated miRNAs using anti-miRNA PNAs leads to the down-regulation of target miRNAs associated with inhibition of the activation of the pro-apoptotic pathway in CRC cellular models. Moreover, very high percentages of apoptotic cells were found when the anti-miRNA PNAs were associated with other pro-apoptotic agents, such as sulforaphane (SFN). The presented data sustain the idea that the targeting of miRNAs up-regulated in the bloodstream with a known role in tumor pathology might be a tool for the design of protocols for anti-tumor therapy based on miRNA-targeting molecules.
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22
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Sabbaghian A, Mussack V, Kirchner B, Bui MLU, Kalani MR, Pfaffl MW, Golalipour M. A panel of blood-derived miRNAs with a stable expression pattern as a potential pan-cancer detection signature. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1030749. [PMID: 36589227 PMCID: PMC9798419 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1030749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: MicroRNAs have a significant role in the regulation of the transcriptome. Several miRNAs have been proposed as potential biomarkers in different malignancies. However, contradictory results have been reported on the capability of miRNA biomarkers in cancer detection. The human biological clock involves molecular mechanisms that regulate several genes over time. Therefore, the sampling time becomes one of the significant factors in gene expression studies. Method: In the present study, we have tried to find miRNAs with minimum fluctuation in expression levels at different time points that could be more accurate candidates as diagnostic biomarkers. The small RNA-seq raw data of ten healthy individuals across nine-time points were analyzed to identify miRNAs with stable expression. Results: We have found five oscillation patterns. The stable miRNAs were investigated in 779 small-RNA-seq datasets of eleven cancer types. All miRNAs with the highest differential expression were selected for further analysis. The selected miRNAs were explored for functional pathways. The predominantly enriched pathways were miRNA in cancer and the P53-signaling pathway. Finally, we have found seven miRNAs, including miR-142-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-223-5p, let-7d-5p, miR-148b-3p, miR-340-5p, and miR-421. These miRNAs showed minimum fluctuation in healthy blood and were dysregulated in the blood of eleven cancer types. Conclusion: We have found a signature of seven stable miRNAs which dysregulate in several cancer types and may serve as potential pan-cancer biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sabbaghian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Advanced Technologies Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Veronika Mussack
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria L. U. Bui
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mohammad Reza Kalani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Advanced Technologies Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Masoud Golalipour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Advanced Technologies Faculty, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
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Suzuki K, Yamaguchi T, Kohda M, Tanaka M, Takemura H, Wakita M, Tabe Y, Kato S, Nasu M, Hashimoto T, Mine S, Serizawa N, Tomishima K, Nagahara A, Matsuda T, Yamaji T, Tsugane S, Saito Y, Daiko H, Yoshikawa T, Kato K, Okusaka T, Ochiya T, Yamamoto Y, Yotsui S, Yamamoto T, Yamasaki T, Miyata H, Yasui M, Omori T, Ohkawa K, Ikezawa K, Nakabori T, Sugimoto N, Kudo T, Yoshida K, Ohue M, Nishizawa T. Establishment of preanalytical conditions for microRNA profile analysis of clinical plasma samples. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278927. [PMID: 36516194 PMCID: PMC9750036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in blood and a variety of diseases has been investigated. MiRNA-based liquid biopsy has attracted much attention, and cancer-specific miRNAs have been reported. However, the results of analyses of the expression of these miRNAs vary among studies. The reproduction of results regarding miRNA expression levels could be difficult if there are differences in the data acquisition process. Previous studies have shown that the anticoagulant type used during plasma preparation and sample storage conditions could contribute to differences in measured miRNA levels. Thus, the impact of these preanalytical conditions on comprehensive miRNA expression profiles was examined. First, the miRNA expression profiles of samples obtained from healthy volunteers were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Based on an analysis of the library concentration, human genome identification rate, ratio of unique sequences and expression profiles, the optimal preanalytical conditions for obtaining highly reproducible miRNA expression profiles were established. The optimal preanalytical conditions were as follows: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the anticoagulant, whole-blood storage at room temperature within 6 hours, and plasma storage at 4°C or -20°C within 30 days. Next, plasma samples were collected from 60 cancer patients (3 facilities × 20 patients/facility), and miRNA expression profiles were analyzed. There were no significant differences in measurements except in the expression of erythrocyte-derived hsa-miR-451a. However, the variation in hsa-miR-451a levels was smaller among facilities than among individuals. This finding suggests that samples obtained from the same facility could show significantly different degrees of hemolysis across individuals. We found that the standardization of anticoagulant use and storage conditions contributed to reducing the variation in sample quality across facilities. The findings from this study could be useful in developing protocols for collecting samples from multiple facilities for cancer screening tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuno Suzuki
- Healthcare Business Department, PFDeNA, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Masakazu Kohda
- Healthcare Business Department, PFDeNA, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Tanaka
- Healthcare Business Department, PFDeNA, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takemura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Wakita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Tabe
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kato
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motomi Nasu
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Hashimoto
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Mine
- Department of Esophageal and Gastroenterological Surgery, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Serizawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ko Tomishima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Nagahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahisa Matsuda
- Cancer Screening Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Saito
- Department of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daiko
- Department of Esophageal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaki Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Kato
- Department of Head and Neck, Esophageal Medical Oncology / Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuji Okusaka
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Yotsui
- Clinical Laboratory, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Clinical Laboratory, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yamasaki
- Clinical Laboratory, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miyata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ohkawa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ikezawa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tasuku Nakabori
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Sugimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kudo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yoshida
- Next-generation Precision Medicine Research Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohue
- Next-generation Precision Medicine Research Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Xu D, Di K, Fan B, Wu J, Gu X, Sun Y, Khan A, Li P, Li Z. MicroRNAs in extracellular vesicles: Sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, isolation, and detection technology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:948959. [PMID: 36324901 PMCID: PMC9618890 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.948959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs, with a length of about 18–22 nucleotides. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are derived from cells and play a vital role in the development of diseases and can be used as biomarkers for liquid biopsy, as they are the carriers of miRNA. Existing studies have found that most of the functions of miRNA are mainly realized through intercellular transmission of EVs, which can protect and sort miRNAs. Meanwhile, detection sensitivity and specificity of EV-derived miRNA are higher than those of conventional serum biomarkers. In recent years, EVs have been expected to become a new marker for liquid biopsy. This review summarizes recent progress in several aspects of EVs, including sorting mechanisms, diagnostic value, and technology for isolation of EVs and detection of EV-derived miRNAs. In addition, the study reviews challenges and future research avenues in the field of EVs, providing a basis for the application of EV-derived miRNAs as a disease marker to be used in clinical diagnosis and even for the development of point-of-care testing (POCT) platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Xu
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Kaili Di
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Boyue Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinrui Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Adeel Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education (Southeast University), Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Li, ; Zhiyang Li,
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Li, ; Zhiyang Li,
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Application of miRNA Biomarkers in Predicting Overall Survival Outcomes for Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5249576. [PMID: 36147635 PMCID: PMC9485713 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5249576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background With the development of research, the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the occurrence, metastasis, and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has attracted extensive attention. This study is aimed at predicting overall survival (OS) results through bioinformatics to identify novel miRNA biomarkers and hub genes. Materials and Methods The data of LUAD-related miRNA and mRNA samples was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Upon screening and pretreatment of initial data, TCGA data were analyzed using R platform and a series of analytical tools to identify biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity. Results 7 miRNAs and 13 hub genes that had strong relation to the overall surviving status were identified in patients with LUAD. The expression of seven miRNAs (hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-126-5p, hsa-miR-556-3p, hsa-miR-671-5p, hsa-miR-937-3p, hsa-miR-4664-3p, and hsa-miR-4746-5p) could apparently improve the OS rate of patient with LUAD. The 13 hub genes, namely, CCT6A, CDK5R1, CEP55, DNAJB4, EGLN3, HDGF, HOXC8, LIMD1, MKI67, PCP4L1, PPIL1, SCAI, and STK32A, showed a correlation with the OS status. Conclusion 7 miRNAs were identified as novel biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with LUAD. This study offered a deeper comprehension of LUAD treatment and prognosis from the molecular level and helped enhance the understanding of the pathogenesis and potential molecular events of LUAD.
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A study of miRNAs as cornerstone in lung cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance: A focus on signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 237:154053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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BC-miR: Monitoring Breast Cancer-Related miRNA Profile in Blood Sera—A Prosperous Approach for Tumor Detection. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172721. [PMID: 36078129 PMCID: PMC9454447 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer with a high fatality rate amongst women worldwide. Diagnosing at an early stage is challenging, and due to the limitations of the currently used techniques, including mammography and imaging diagnostics, it still remains unascertained. Serum biomarkers can be a solution for this as they can be isolated in a less painful, more cost-effective, and minimally invasive manner. In this study, we shed light on the relevant role of multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers in breast cancer diagnosis. We monitored the expressional changes of 15 pre-selected miRNAs in a large cohort, including 65 patients with breast cancer and 42 healthy individuals. We performed thorough statistical analyses on the cohort sample set and determined the diagnostic accuracy of individual and multiple miRNAs. Our study reveals a potential improvement in diagnostics by implicating the monitoring of miR-15a+miR-16+miR-221 expression in breast cancer management.
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28
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Vykoukal J, Fahrmann JF, Patel N, Shimizu M, Ostrin EJ, Dennison JB, Ivan C, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD, Barnett MJ, Feng Z, Calin GA, Hanash SM. Contributions of Circulating microRNAs for Early Detection of Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4221. [PMID: 36077759 PMCID: PMC9454665 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There is unmet need to develop circulating biomarkers that would enable earlier interception of lung cancer when more effective treatment options are available. Here, a set of 30 miRNAs, selected from a review of the published literature were assessed for their predictive performance in identifying lung cancer cases in the pre-diagnostic setting. The 30 miRNAs were assayed using sera collected from 102 individuals diagnosed with lung cancer within one year following blood draw and 212 controls matched for age, sex, and smoking status. The additive performance of top-performing miRNA candidates in combination with a previously validated four-protein marker panel (4MP) consisting of the precursor form of surfactant protein B (Pro-SFTPB), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) was additionally assessed. Of the 30 miRNAs evaluated, five (miR-320a-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-92a-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-140-3p) were statistically significantly (Wilcoxon rank sum test p < 0.05) elevated in case sera compared to controls, with individual AUCs ranging from 0.57−0.62. Compared to the 4MP alone, the combination of 3-miRNAs + 4MP improved sensitivity at 95% specificity by 19.1% ((95% CI of difference 0.0−28.6); two-sided p: 0.006). Our findings demonstrate utility for miRNAs for early detection of lung cancer in combination with a four-protein marker panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody Vykoukal
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- McCombs Institute for the Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Johannes F. Fahrmann
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nikul Patel
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Masayoshi Shimizu
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Edwin J. Ostrin
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer B. Dennison
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gary E. Goodman
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Matt J. Barnett
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Ziding Feng
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samir M. Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- McCombs Institute for the Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Padinharayil H, Varghese J, John MC, Rajanikant GK, Wilson CM, Al-Yozbaki M, Renu K, Dewanjee S, Sanyal R, Dey A, Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Gopalakrishnan AV, George A. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC): Implications on molecular pathology and advances in early diagnostics and therapeutics. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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30
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MiRNAs in Lung Cancer: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potential. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071610. [PMID: 35885514 PMCID: PMC9322918 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the dominant emerging factor in cancer-related mortality around the globe. Therapeutic interventions for lung cancer are not up to par, mainly due to reoccurrence/relapse, chemoresistance, and late diagnosis. People are currently interested in miRNAs, which are small double-stranded (20–24 ribonucleotides) structures that regulate molecular targets (tumor suppressors, oncogenes) involved in tumorigeneses such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and angiogenesis via post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA. Many studies suggest the emerging role of miRNAs in lung cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics. Therefore, it is necessary to intensely explore the miRNOME expression of lung tumors and the development of anti-cancer strategies. The current review focuses on the therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic potential of numerous miRNAs in lung cancer.
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Mahmudunnabi RG, Umer M, Seo KD, Park DS, Chung JH, Shiddiky M, Shim YB. Exosomal microRNAs array sensor with a bioconjugate composed of p53 protein and hydrazine for the specific lung cancer detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 207:114149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Han B, Molins L, He Y, Viñolas N, Sánchez-Lorente D, Boada M, Guirao A, Díaz T, Martinez D, Ramirez J, Moisés J, Acosta-Plasencia M, Monzo M, Marrades RM, Navarro A. Characterization of the MicroRNA Cargo of Extracellular Vesicles Isolated from a Pulmonary Tumor-Draining Vein Identifies miR-203a-3p as a Relapse Biomarker for Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137138. [PMID: 35806142 PMCID: PMC9266391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), post-surgical recurrence occurs in around 40% of patients, highlighting the necessity to identify relapse biomarkers. An analysis of the extracellular vesicle (EV) cargo from a pulmonary tumor-draining vein (TDV) can grant biomarker identification. We studied the pulmonary TDV EV-miRNAome to identify relapse biomarkers in a two-phase study (screening and validation). In the screening phase, a 17-miRNA relapse signature was identified in 18 selected patients by small RNAseq. The most expressed miRNA from the signature (EV-miR-203a-3p) was chosen for further validation. Pulmonary TDV EV-miR-203a-3p was studied by qRT-PCR in a validation cohort of 70 patients, where it was found to be upregulated in relapsed patients (p = 0.0194) and in patients with cancer spread to nearby lymph nodes (N+ patients) (p = 0.0396). The ROC curve analysis showed that TDV EV-miR-203a-3p was able to predict relapses with a sensitivity of 88% (AUC: 0.67; p = 0.022). Moreover, patients with high TDV EV-miR-203a-3p had a shorter time to relapse than patients with low levels (43.6 vs. 97.6 months; p = 0.00703). The multivariate analysis showed that EV-miR-203a-3p was an independent, predictive and prognostic post-surgical relapse biomarker. In conclusion, pulmonary TDV EV-miR-203a-3p is a promising new relapse biomarker for resected NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Medical Specializations, Human Anatomy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (B.H.); (Y.H.); (T.D.); (M.A.-P.); (M.M.)
| | - Laureano Molins
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.); (D.S.-L.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Yangyi He
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Medical Specializations, Human Anatomy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (B.H.); (Y.H.); (T.D.); (M.A.-P.); (M.M.)
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Nuria Viñolas
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Clínic de Malalties Hemato-Oncològiques (ICMHO), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Lorente
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.); (D.S.-L.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marc Boada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.); (D.S.-L.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Angela Guirao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.); (D.S.-L.); (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Tania Díaz
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Medical Specializations, Human Anatomy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (B.H.); (Y.H.); (T.D.); (M.A.-P.); (M.M.)
| | - Daniel Martinez
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Ramirez
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Moisés
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Melissa Acosta-Plasencia
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Medical Specializations, Human Anatomy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (B.H.); (Y.H.); (T.D.); (M.A.-P.); (M.M.)
| | - Mariano Monzo
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Medical Specializations, Human Anatomy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (B.H.); (Y.H.); (T.D.); (M.A.-P.); (M.M.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ramón M. Marrades
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pneumology, Institut Clínic Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfons Navarro
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Medical Specializations, Human Anatomy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), c. Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (B.H.); (Y.H.); (T.D.); (M.A.-P.); (M.M.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (D.M.); (J.R.); (R.M.M.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-4021903
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Abstract
Healthcare is undergoing large transformations, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to support the advent of personalized medicine and disease prevention. It is now well accepted that the levels of certain biological molecules found in blood and other bodily fluids, as well as in exhaled breath, are an indication of the onset of many human diseases and reflect the health status of the person. Blood, urine, sweat, or saliva biomarkers can therefore serve in early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, but also in monitoring disease progression, detecting metabolic disfunctions, and predicting response to a given therapy. For most point-of-care sensors, the requirement that patients themselves can use and apply them is crucial not only regarding the diagnostic part, but also at the sample collection level. This has stimulated the development of such diagnostic approaches for the non-invasive analysis of disease-relevant analytes. Considering these timely efforts, this review article focuses on novel, sensitive, and selective sensing systems for the detection of different endogenous target biomarkers in bodily fluids as well as in exhaled breath, which are associated with human diseases.
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Di Martino MT, Arbitrio M, Caracciolo D, Cordua A, Cuomo O, Grillone K, Riillo C, Caridà G, Scionti F, Labanca C, Romeo C, Siciliano MA, D'Apolito M, Napoli C, Montesano M, Farenza V, Uppolo V, Tafuni M, Falcone F, D'Aquino G, Calandruccio ND, Luciano F, Pensabene L, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. miR-221/222 as biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention on cancer and other diseases: A systematic review. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:1191-1224. [PMID: 35282417 PMCID: PMC8891816 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Among deregulated microRNAs (miRs) in human malignancies, miR-221 has been widely investigated for its oncogenic role and as a promising biomarker. Moreover, recent evidence suggests miR-221 as a fine-tuner of chronic liver injury and inflammation-related events. Available information also supports the potential of miR-221 silencing as promising therapeutic intervention. In this systematic review, we selected papers from the principal databases (PubMed, MedLine, Medscape, ASCO, ESMO) between January 2012 and December 2020, using the keywords "miR-221" and the specific keywords related to the most important hematologic and solid malignancies, and some non-malignant diseases, to define and characterize deregulated miR-221 as a valuable therapeutic target in the modern vision of molecular medicine. We found a major role of miR-221 in this view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariamena Arbitrio
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Council (CNR), Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessia Cordua
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Onofrio Cuomo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Katia Grillone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Riillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulio Caridà
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Scionti
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), Italian National Council (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Caterina Labanca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Romeo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Anna Siciliano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria D'Apolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Napoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Martina Montesano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Farenza
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Uppolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michele Tafuni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Federica Falcone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Aquino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Luciano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Licia Pensabene
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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35
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Abstract
Exosomes are a new horizon in modern therapy, presenting exciting new opportunities for advanced drug delivery and targeted release. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles with a size range of 30-100 nm, secreted by all cell types in the human body and carrying a unique collection of DNA fragments, RNA species, lipids, protein biomarkers, transcription factors and metabolites. miRNAs are one of the most common RNA species in exosomes, and they play a role in a variety of biological processes including exocytosis, hematopoiesis and angiogenesis, as well as cellular communication via exosomes. Exosomes can act as cargo to transport this information from donor cells to near and long-distance target cells, participating in the reprogramming of recipient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihat Dilsiz
- Molecular Biology & Genetics, Faculty of Engineering & Natural Sciences, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, 34700, Turkey
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36
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miRNA-19b-3p Stimulates Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Induced by Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion via Downregulating PTEN. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:9956666. [PMID: 34956421 PMCID: PMC8702358 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9956666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective To clarify the function of miRNA-19b-3p in accelerating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury- (MIRI-) induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by downregulating gene of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten (PTEN), thus influencing the progression of acute myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods miRNA-19b-3p and PTEN levels in HCM cells undergoing hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) were determined. Meanwhile, activities of myocardium injury markers [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde; malonic dialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX)] in H/R-induced HCM cells were tested. Through dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, the binding between miRNA-19b-3p and PTEN was verified. Regulatory effects of miRNA-19b-3p and PTEN on apoptotic rate and apoptosis-associated gene expressions (proapoptotic protein Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and cytochrome C) in H/R-induced human cardiac myocytes (HCM) cells were examined. Results miRNA-19b-3p was upregulated, while PTEN was downregulated in H/R-induced HCM cells. Knockdown of miRNA-19b-3p decreased activities of LDH, MDA, and GSH-PX, but increased SOD level in H/R-induced HCM cells. The binding between miRNA-19b-3p and PTEN was confirmed. More importantly, knockdown of miRNA-19b-3p reduced apoptotic rate, downregulated proapoptosis gene expressions (Bax and cytochrome C), and upregulated antiapoptosis gene expression (Bcl-2), which were reversed by silence of PTEN. Conclusions miRNA-19b-3p is upregulated in HCM cells undergoing hypoxia and reoxygenation, which accelerates MIRI-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through downregulating PTEN.
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Li D, Zhao K, Zhao Z, Jiang B, Gong X, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Xiao H, Wang Y, Liu H, Yi C, Gu W. High Expression MicroRNA-206 Inhibits the Growth of Tumor Cells in Human Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:751833. [PMID: 34900997 PMCID: PMC8656228 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.751833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is a common type of soft tissue sarcoma and a serious threat to human health. MFH often relapses locally after the curettage is related to the residual cancer stem cells (CSCs). Currently, the dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) has been found to be closely related to the recurrence of CSCs. However, whether dysregulations of miRNAs exist in MFH, CSCs remained unknown. Methods: In this study, miRNAs in MFH CSCs and MFH common cells were examined by gene probe. Then, target genes and their functions involved in the signal pathway were predicted by the relevant database. Finally, the miRNAs’ target regulatory network was constructed. Furthermore, the miRNAs and target genes were identified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, whereas miRNA analogs and antagonists were transfected in tumor cells to investigate cell proliferation ability further. Results: Results showed that a total of 47 miRNAs were found, including 16 that were upregulated and 31 that were downregulated. The screened differential miRNA showed a different expression in the cell resistant strains compared with the control group. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that the relative abundance of seven miRNAs and four target genes varied significantly. The encouraging issue is that we found Hsa-miR-206 significantly inhibited MFH proliferative activity. Conclusion: Hsa-miR-206 played a key role in regulating MFH CSC properties that might be a representative marker and target for the diagnosis and treatment of MFH in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejian Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ziwen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xianxu Gong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingqi Guo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengqing Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenguang Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Gao S, Guo W, Liu T, Liang N, Ma Q, Gao Y, Tan F, Xue Q, He J. Plasma extracellular vesicle microRNA profiling and the identification of a diagnostic signature for stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:648-659. [PMID: 34837453 PMCID: PMC8819331 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, there is no effective noninvasive method for the accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study examined the profile of plasma extracellular vesicle (EV)-delivered microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients with invasive stage I LUAD. In this study, a total of 460 participants were enrolled, including 254 patients with LUAD, 76 patients with benign pulmonary nodules (BPNs), and 130 healthy control patients (HCs). miRNA sequencing was used to analyze the EV miRNA profile of the patient plasma samples (n = 150). A diagnostic signature (d-signature) was identified by applying a stepwise logistic regression algorithm, and a single-center training cohort (n = 150) was tested, followed by a multicenter validation cohort (n = 100). A d-signature comprising four EV-derived miRNAs (hsa-miR-106b-3p, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-3615, and hsa-miR-450b-5p) was developed for the early detection of LUAD. The d-signature had high precision with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.917 and 0.902 in the training and test cohorts, respectively. Moreover, the d-signature could recognize patients with adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) with AUC values of 0.846 and 0.92, respectively. To sum up, our study detailed the plasma EV-derived miRNA profile in early LUAD patients and developed an EV-derived miRNA d-signature to detect early LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Therapy Research for Lung Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Therapy Research for Lung Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tiejun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Naixin Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Therapy Research for Lung Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Therapy Research for Lung Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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39
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Liu SY, Liao Y, Hosseinifard H, Imani S, Wen QL. Diagnostic Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:705791. [PMID: 34722499 PMCID: PMC8555429 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are regarded to have significant function in most steps during cancer progression. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the accuracy of EVs as a biomarker in cancer diagnosis. Methods: The diagnostic efficacy of EVs for different cancers was assessed using pooled sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and overall area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC). The positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) were verified to estimate the diagnostic efficacy of EV at a clinical level. Results: In all, 6,183 cancer patients and 2,437 healthy controls from 75 eligible studies reported in 42 publications were included in the study. The overall pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, and DOR were 0.62 (95% CI: 0.60–0.63), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.75–0.78), 3.07 (95% CI: 2.52–3.75), 0.34 (95% CI: 0.28–0.41), and 10.98 (95% CI: 7.53–16.00), respectively. Similarly, the AUC of the SROC was 0.88, indicating a high conservation of EVs as an early diagnostic marker. Furthermore, subgroup analysis suggested that the use of small EVs as a biomarker was more accurate in serum-based samples of nervous system cancer (p < 0.001). As a result, ultracentrifugation and quantification and size determination methods, such as Western blotting and ELISA were the most reliable identification methods for EV detection. We also indicated that increased secretion of EVs made them a capable biomarker for diagnosing cancer in elderly European individuals. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that EVs are a promising non-invasive biomarker for cancer diagnosis. Well-designed cohort studies should be conducted to warrant the clinical diagnostic value of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ya Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Chengdu Jinniu District People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Liao
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Renshou, Meishan, China
| | - Hossein Hosseinifard
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine (RCEBM), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saber Imani
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qing-Lian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Buhagiar A, Seria E, Borg M, Borg J, Ayers D. Overview of microRNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for colorectal cancer sub-type profiling and chemoresistance. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:934-945. [PMID: 35582382 PMCID: PMC8992439 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. It has also been demonstrated that over the last ten years the incidence of CRC among younger people below the age of 50 is also increasing. Screening for colorectal cancer is of utmost importance; the rationale behind screening is to target the malignancy and reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease. Diagnostic methods to screen for incidence or relapse are therefore a requisite to detect cancer as early as possible. Scientific findings demonstrate that many deaths are due to lack of screening and therefore early identification will lead to greater survivability. In colorectal cancer, diagnostic tests include liquid biopsy biomarkers. Since the discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs), many studies have demonstrated the relationship between miRNAs and the various sub-types of CRC. Several miRNAs have been identified after analysing serum or plasma samples in patients, and such miRNAs were found to be significantly dysregulated. Such findings place the possibility of miRNAs to be at the epicentre of novel diagnostic techniques for CRC identification and sub-type stratification, including other characteristics associated with CRC development such as patient prognosis. The following review serves to underline the latest findings for miRNAs with such potential for routine diagnostic employment in CRC diagnostics and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Buhagiar
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida 2080, Malta
| | - Elisa Seria
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida 2080, Malta
| | - Miriana Borg
- Faculty of medical sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Joseph Borg
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida 2080, Malta
| | - Duncan Ayers
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida 2080, Malta
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Unveiling the World of Circulating and Exosomal microRNAs in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215252. [PMID: 34771419 PMCID: PMC8582552 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Liquid biopsies have emerged as a new tool for early diagnosis. In renal cell carcinoma, this need is also evident and may represent an improvement in disease management. Hence, in this review we discuss the most updated advances in the assessment of miRNAs in liquid biopsies. Moreover, we explore the potential of circulating or exosome miRNAs in renal cell carcinoma to overcome the tissue biopsies limitations. Abstract Renal cell carcinoma is the third most common urological cancer. Despite recent advances, late diagnosis and poor prognosis of advanced-stage disease remain a major problem, entailing the need for novel early diagnosis tools. Liquid biopsies represent a promising minimally invasive clinical tool, providing real-time feedback of tumor behavior and biological potential, addressing its clonal evolution and representing its heterogeneity. In particular, the study of circulating microRNAs and exosomal microRNAs in liquid biopsies experienced an exponential increase in recent years, considering the potential clinical utility and available technology that facilitates implementation. Herein, we provide a systematic review on the applicability of these biomarkers in the context of renal cell carcinoma. Issues such as additional benefit from extracting microRNAs transported in extracellular vesicles, use for subtyping and representation of different histological types, correlation with tumor burden, and prediction of patient outcome are also addressed. Despite the need for more conclusive research, available data indicate that exosomal microRNAs represent a robust minimally invasive biomarker for renal cell carcinoma. Thus, innovative research on microRNAs and novel detection techniques are likely to provide clinically relevant biomarkers, overcome current clinical challenges, and improve patient management.
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Circulating microRNAs Correlate with Multiple Myeloma and Skeletal Osteolytic Lesions. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215258. [PMID: 34771422 PMCID: PMC8582565 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma and for the early detection of the associated osteolytic lesions are needed. MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and have been explored as circulating (extracellular) biomarkers for distinct diseases. Results show that miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-21-5p levels are differently expressed in the plasma of multiple myeloma patients compared with the control group and suggest that their combined expression could be used as a potential circulating biomarker. Furthermore, the expression of plasma microRNAs significantly correlates with myeloma bone disease and with bone lesions in the spine. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most frequent hematological disease and can cause skeletal osteolytic lesions. This study aims to evaluate the expression of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in MM patients and to correlate those levels with clinicopathological features, including bone lesions. A panel of miRNAs associated with MM onset and progression, or with bone remodeling, was analyzed in the plasma of 82 subjects (47 MM patients; 35 healthy controls). Results show that miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, and miR-21-5p are differently expressed between MM patients and healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic analyses indicate that their combined expression has potential as a molecular marker (Area Under the Curve, AUC of 0.8249). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between the analyzed miRNAs and disease stage, treatment, β2 microglobulin, serum albumin and creatinine levels, but not with calcium levels or genetic alterations. In this cohort, 65.96% of MM patients had bone lesions, the majority of which were in the vertebrae. Additionally, miR-29c-3p was decreased in patients with osteolytic lesions compared with patients without bone disease. Interestingly, circulating levels of miR-29b-3p correlated with cervical and thoracic vertebral lesions, while miR-195-5p correlated with thoracic lesions. Our findings suggest circulating miRNAs can be promising biomarkers for MM diagnosis and that their levels correlate with myeloma bone disease and osteolytic lesions.
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Wang L, Wu J, Ye N, Li F, Zhan H, Chen S, Xu J. Plasma-Derived Exosome MiR-19b Acts as a Diagnostic Marker for Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:739111. [PMID: 34589435 PMCID: PMC8473875 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.739111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (Pca) is challenging. This study investigated the value of plasma-derived exosome miR-19b (Exo-miR-19b) in diagnosing patients with Pca. Methods Plasma was collected from 62 patients with Pca, 30 patients with other pancreatic tumor (OPT), 23 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP), and 53 healthy volunteers. MiR-19b levels in plasma-derived exosomes were detected. Results Plasma-derived Exo-miR-19b levels normalized using miR-1228 were significantly lower in Pca patients than in patients with OPT, CP patients, and healthy volunteers. The diagnostic values of Exo-miR-19b normalized using miR-1228 were superior to those of serum cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in differentiating Pca patients from healthy volunteers (area under the curve (AUC): 0.942 vs. 0.813, p = 0.0054), potentially better than those of CA19-9 in differentiating Pca patients from CP patients (AUC: 0.898 vs. 0.792, p = 0.0720), and equivalent to those of CA19-9 in differentiating Pca patients from patients with OPT (AUC: 0.810 vs. 0.793, p = 0.8206). When normalized using Caenorhabditis elegans miR-39 (cel-miR-39), Exo-miR-19b levels in Pca patients were significantly higher than those in patients with OPT, CP patients, and healthy volunteers. The diagnostic values of Exo-miR-19b normalized using cel-miR-39 were equivalent to those of CA19-9 in differentiating Pca patients from healthy volunteers (AUC: 0.781 vs. 0.813, p = 0.6118) and CP patients (AUC: 0.672 vs. 0.792, p = 0.1235), while they were inferior to those of CA19-9 in differentiating Pca patients from patients with OPT (AUC: 0.631 vs. 0.793, p = 0.0353). Conclusion Plasma-derived Exo-miR-19b is a promising diagnostic marker for Pca. The diagnostic value of plasma-derived Exo-miR-19b normalized using miR-1228 is superior to that of serum CA19-9 in differentiating patients with Pca from healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinxiang Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Naikuan Ye
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hanxiang Zhan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shihong Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Padda J, Khalid K, Khedr A, Patel V, Al-Ewaidat OA, Tasnim F, Padda S, Cooper AC, Jean-Charles G. Exosome-Derived microRNA: Efficacy in Cancer. Cureus 2021; 13:e17441. [PMID: 34589347 PMCID: PMC8460558 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosome-derived microRNA (miRNA) has been the focus of attention in recent years. Mainly, their role in the pathogenesis of different types of cancer has been extensively studied. The different types of exosomal miRNAs (exomiRs) act as either oncogenes or oncosupressors. They have potential prognostic and diagnostic efficacy in different types of cancer due to their high stability and easy detection in bodily fluids. This is especially true in lung cancer, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. However, their efficacy as potential therapies has not been widely investigated. This review will discuss the structure and functions of exosomes and miRNA, as well as the role of exomiRs in the pathogenesis of different types of cancer through boosting growth, promoting progression, chemotherapy resistance, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune system evasion. We will also discuss the application of exomiRs in diagnosing different types of cancer and their role in prognosis. Furthermore, we shed light on the challenges of developing therapeutic agents using miRNAs and how the carriage of therapeutic miRNA by exosomes can help solve these challenges. Finally, we examine recent studies exploring the potential of exomiRs in treating cancers such as neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anwar Khedr
- Internal Medicine, JC Medical Center, Orlando, USA
| | - Vinay Patel
- Internal Medicine, JC Medical Center, Orlando, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Gutteridge Jean-Charles
- Internal Medicine, JC Medical Center, Orlando, USA.,Internal Medicine, Advent Health & Orlando Health Hospital, Orlando, USA
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Deng Y, Sun Z, Wang L, Wang M, Yang J, Li G. Biosensor-based assay of exosome biomarker for early diagnosis of cancer. Front Med 2021; 16:157-175. [PMID: 34570311 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer imposes a severe threat to people's health and lives, thus pressing a huge medical and economic burden on individuals and communities. Therefore, early diagnosis of cancer is indispensable in the timely prevention and effective treatment for patients. Exosome has recently become an attractive cancer biomarker in noninvasive early diagnosis because of the unique physiology and pathology functions, which reflects remarkable information regarding the cancer microenvironment, and plays an important role in the occurrence and evolution of cancer. Meanwhile, biosensors have gained great attention for the detection of exosomes due to their superior properties, such as convenient operation, real-time readout, high sensitivity, and remarkable specificity, suggesting promising biomedical applications in the early diagnosis of cancer. In this review, the latest advances of biosensors regarding the assay of exosomes were summarized, and the superiorities of exosomes as markers for the early diagnosis of cancer were evaluated. Moreover, the recent challenges and further opportunities of developing effective biosensors for the early diagnosis of cancer were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhaowei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Genxi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Yang H, Zhang L, Wang Q. MicroRNA-221-3p alleviates cell apoptosis and inflammatory response by targeting cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5705-5715. [PMID: 34516316 PMCID: PMC8806819 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1967837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As a chronic bronchitis or emphysema featured by airflow obstruction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can further develop into respiratory failure and pulmonary heart diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial mediators in COPD. Nevertheless, the specific role and molecular mechanism of microRNA-221-3p (miR-221-3p) in COPD are unclear. This research aimed to probe into the role of miR-221-3p in COPD. Bioinformatics analysis and a series of assays including western blot, luciferase reporter, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, cell counting kit-8 and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were used to explore the functions and mechanism of miR-221-3p in COPD. First, miR-221-3p level was validated to be lowly expressed in the lung tissues of COPD patients and 16HBE cells stimulated by cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Functionally, miR-221-3p overexpression inhibited inflammatory response and apoptosis in CSE-treated 16HBE cells. Moreover, we predicted 5 potential targets of miR-221-3p and found that miR-221-3p shared binding site with cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B). CDKN1B was targeted by miR-221-3p in CSE-treated 16HBE cells. CDKN1B was negatively modulated by miR-221-3p. Finally, rescue experiments demonstrated that overexpressed CDKN1B counteracted the influences of miR-221-3p on apoptosis and inflammatory response in CSE-treated 16HBE cells. Our data showed that miR-221-3p alleviated cell apoptosis and inflammatory response via targeting CDKN1B in an in vitro model of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yang
- Department of Gerontology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quandong Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
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Chen J, Zhang K, Zhi Y, Wu Y, Chen B, Bai J, Wang X. Tumor-derived exosomal miR-19b-3p facilitates M2 macrophage polarization and exosomal LINC00273 secretion to promote lung adenocarcinoma metastasis via Hippo pathway. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e478. [PMID: 34586722 PMCID: PMC8435259 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous reports have elucidated the important participation of exosomes in the communication between tumor cells and other cancer-related cells including tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in microenvironment. However, the interchange of exosomes between tumor cells and TAMs in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains largely enigmatic. Herein, we discovered that LUAD cells induced the M2 polarization of TAMs and the M2-polarized macrophages facilitated LUAD cell invasion and migration and tumor metastasis in vivo. In detail, LUAD cells secreted exosomes to transport miR-19b-3p into TAMs so that miR-19b-3p targeted PTPRD and inhibited the PTPRD-mediated dephosphorylation of STAT3 in TAMs, leading to STAT3 activation and M2 polarization. Also, the activated STAT3 transcriptionally induced LINC00273 in M2 macrophages and exosomal LINC00273 was transferred into LUAD cells. In LUAD cells, LINC00273 recruited NEDD4 to facilitate LATS2 ubiquitination and degradation, so that the Hippo pathway was inactivated and YAP induced the transcription of RBMX. RBMX bound to miR-19b-3p to facilitate the packaging of miR-19b-3p into LUAD cell-derived exosomes. Collectively, our results revealed the mechanism underlying the interactive communication between LUAD cells and TAMs through elucidating the exchange of exosomal miR-19b-3p and LINC00273 and proved the prometastatic effect of the interchange between two cells. These discoveries opened a new vision for developing LUAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Hematology and OncologyZhongda Hospital, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Respiratory MedicineNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Yingru Zhi
- Department of GastroenterologyNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of RespiratoryZhongda HospitalSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and OncologyZhongda Hospital, School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Jinyu Bai
- Department of OrthopedicsThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuP. R. China
| | - Xuerong Wang
- Department of PharmacologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
- Center for Clinical Pathology and LaboratoryAffiliated Hospital of YifuNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuP. R. China
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Zhou X, Liu C, Yin Y, Zhang C, Zou X, Xia T, Geng X, Liu P, Cheng W, Zhu W. Diagnostic value of oncofetal miRNAs in cancers: A comprehensive analysis of circulating miRNAs in pan-cancers and UCB. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:19-36. [PMID: 34092608 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating miRNAs are promising biomarkers for detection of various cancers. As a "developmental" disorder, cancer showed great similarities with embryos. OBJECTIVE A comprehensive analysis of circulating miRNAs in umbilical cord blood (UCB) and pan-cancers was conducted to identify circulating miRNAs with potential for cancer detection. METHODS A total of 3831 cancer samples (2050 serum samples from 15 types of cancers and 1781 plasma samples from 13 types of cancers) and 248 UCB samples (120 serum and 128 plasma samples) with corresponding NCs from Chinese populations were analyzed via consistent experiment workflow with Exiqon panel followed by multiple-stage validation with qRT-PCR. RESULTS Thirty-four serum and 32 plasma miRNAs were dysregulated in at least one type of cancer. Eighteen serum and 16 plasma miRNAs were related with embryos. Among them, 9 serum and 8 plasma miRNAs with consistent expression patterns between pan-cancers and UCB were identified as circulating oncofetal miRNAs. Retrospective analysis confirmed the diagnostic ability of circulating oncofetal miRNAs for specific cancers. And the oncofetal miRNAs were mainly up-regulated in tissues of pan-cancers. CONCLUSIONS Our study might serve as bases for the potential application of the non-invasive biomarkers in the future clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yin Yin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Women&Children Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuan Zou
- First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tiansong Xia
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangnan Geng
- Department of Clinical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenfang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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MicroRNAs Patterns as Potential Tools for Diagnostic and Prognostic Follow-Up in Cancer Survivorship. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082069. [PMID: 34440837 PMCID: PMC8394126 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in screening methods and pharmacological treatments are increasing the life expectancy of cancer patients. During recent decades, the community of long-term disease-free cancer survivors (LCS) has grown exponentially, raising the issues related to cancer follow-up. Cancer relapse and other cancer-related diseases, as well as lifestyle, influence cancer survival. Recently, the regulatory role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in gene expression and their involvement in human diseases, including cancer, has been identified. Extracellular circulating miRNAs (ECmiRNAs) have been found in biological fluids and specific ECmiRNAs have been associated with cancer development and progression or with a therapy response. Here, we focus on the pivotal role of ECmiRNAs as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Then, we discuss the relevance of ECmiRNAs expression in cancer survivors for the identification of specific ECmiRNAs profiles as potential tools to assess cancer outcome and to control LCS follow-up.
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Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Liquid Biopsy-Based Diagnosis for the Central Nervous System, Head and Neck, Lung, and Gastrointestinal Cancers: Current and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112792. [PMID: 34205183 PMCID: PMC8200014 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary To improve clinical outcomes, early diagnosis is mandatory in cancer patients. Several diagnostic approaches have been proposed, however, the main drawback relies on the invasive procedures required. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer lipid membrane structures released by almost all cells and transferred to remote sites via the bloodstream. The observation that their cargo reflects the cell of origin has opened a new frontier for non-invasive biomarker discovery in oncology. Moreover, since EVs can be recovered from different body fluids, their impact as a Correctdiagnostic tool has gained particular interest. Hence, in the last decade, several studies using different biological fluids have been performed, showing the valuable contributions of EVs as tumour biomarkers, and their improved diagnostic power when combined with currently available tumour markers. In this review, the most relevant data on the diagnostic relevance of EVs, alone or in combination with the well-established tumour markers, are discussed. Abstract Early diagnosis, along with innovative treatment options, are crucial to increase the overall survival of cancer patients. In the last decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have gained great interest in biomarker discovery. EVs are bilayer lipid membrane limited structures, released by almost all cell types, including cancer cells. The EV cargo, which consists of RNAs, proteins, DNA, and lipids, directly mirrors the cells of origin. EVs can be recovered from several body fluids, including blood, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), saliva, and Broncho-Alveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF), by non-invasive or minimally invasive approaches, and are therefore proposed as feasible cancer diagnostic tools. In this review, methodologies for EV isolation and characterization and their impact as diagnostics for the central nervous system, head and neck, lung, and gastrointestinal cancers are outlined. For each of these tumours, recent data on the potential clinical applications of the EV’s unique cargo, alone or in combination with currently available tumour biomarkers, have been deeply discussed.
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