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Yalınbaş Kaya B, Ülger Y. Evaluation of possible role of the h TERT gene rs2853669 polymorphism in the development of colorectal cancer as a genetic risk factor. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 41:961-971. [PMID: 35704667 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2086694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest malignancy. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene has been identified as one of the potential cancer susceptibility genes. We evaluated the relationship between the risk of CRC and CRC's clinicopathological features of the hTERT rs2853669 (A > G/T > C, by the chain direction) polymorphism in Turkish population. The rs2853669 polymorphism was investigated with the LightCycler 96 device in 100 CRC patients and 327 controls. We found that the rs2853669 polymorphism AG/GG genotypes in genetic models reduced the risk of CRC. However, there was no significant relationship between rs2853669 polymorphism and clinicopathological features of CRC in studied population. The results of this study showed that the risk of colorectal cancer is significantly reduced in the individuals having the G (C) allele. Our recommendation is to analyze the hTERT gene expression by studying the hTERT promoter mutations with this polymorphism in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yakup Ülger
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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TERT Gene rs2736100 and rs2736098 Polymorphisms are Associated with Increased Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:241-266. [PMID: 34181135 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal telomerase activity plays a key role in the development of carcinogenesis. The variants rs2736100 and rs2736098 of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, which encodes the telomerase catalytic subunit, are associated with the risk of different types of cancers. However, the results remain controversy. We conducted a meta-analysis to more precisely assess this association. We comprehensively searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases up to June 1, 2020, and retrieved a total of 103 studies in 82 articles, including 89,320 cases and 121,654 controls. Among these studies, 69 published studies including 75,274 cases and 10,3248 controls were focused on rs2736100, and 34 published studies including 14,046 cases and 18,362 controls were focused on rs2736098. The results showed a strong association between variant rs2736100 and cancer risk in all populations. (G vs. T: OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.12-1.24; TG+GG vs. TT: OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.15-1.31; GG vs. TG+TT: OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.16-1.36); the variant rs2736098 was associated with cancer risk in all populations as well (A vs. G: OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.05-1.22; GA+AA vs. GG: OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.27; AA vs. GA+GG: OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.38). Stratified analysis based on the cancer type indicated that rs2736100 was associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer, glioma, and myeloproliferative neoplasms. rs2736098 only increased the risk of bladder cancer and lung cancer. Moreover, the TERT variants rs2736100 and rs2736098 were associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer and colorectal cancer. The variants rs2736098 and rs2736100 located in 5p15.33 around TERT were associated with increased cancer risk in all populations. These two variants had bidirectional effects in different tumors.
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Lili M, Yuxiang F, Zhongcheng H, Ying S, Ru C, Rong X, Jiang L. Genetic variations associated with telomere length affect the risk of gastric carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20551. [PMID: 32502020 PMCID: PMC7306382 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to further understand the role of relative telomere length (RTL) in susceptibility to gastric carcinoma (GC) and investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in the telomere length related genes and GC risk.RTL was measured using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction from 1000 patients and 1100 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed using the Agena MassARRAY platform. The statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square/ Welch T tests, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression analysis.The association analysis of telomere length and GC showed that the RTL in the case group was shorter than in the controls, and the shorter RTL was associated with an increased risk of GC. The association analysis between telomere length related genes polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to GC indicated that: In the allele models and genetic models, TERT (rs10069690, rs2242652 and rs2853676) and TN1F1 (rs7708392 and rs10036748) were significantly associated with an increased risk of GC. In addition, the haplotype 'Grs10069690Crs2242652" of TERT and the haplotype 'Grs7708392Trs10036748" of TNIP1 were associated with an increased risk of GCOur results suggested that shorter RTL was associated with an increased risk of GC; The association analysis have identified that the TERT (rs10069690, rs2242652 and rs2853676) and TN1P1 (rs7708392 and rs10036748) were associated with GC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Lili
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
| | - Fan Yuxiang
- The Second Department of Oncology, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University), Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Han Zhongcheng
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
| | - Su Ying
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
| | - Chen Ru
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
| | - Xu Rong
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
| | - Liu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
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Morais M, Dias F, Resende T, Nogueira I, Oliveira J, Maurício J, Teixeira AL, Medeiros R. Leukocyte telomere length and hTERT genetic polymorphism rs2735940 influence the renal cell carcinoma clinical outcome. Future Oncol 2020; 16:1245-1255. [PMID: 32422075 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Analysis of the genetic hTERT-1327 C>T (rs2735940) influence on leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and tumor development, progression and overall survival in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. Materials & methods: Using leukocyte DNA of RCC patients and healthy individuals, LTL measurement and allelic discrimination of rs2735940 was performed by real-time PCR. Results: RCC patients showed shorter LTL than healthy individuals and LTL increased with clinical stage. CC+TC genotypes healthy carriers' presented shorter LTL. However, no statistical association between the different genotypes and RCC risk. Nevertheless, CC homozygous presented a reduced time to disease progression and a lower overall survival. The use of hTERT-1327 single nucleotide polymorphism information increased the capacity to predict risk for RCC progression. Conclusion: In fact, in healthy individuals, hTERT-1327 CC+TC genotypes were associated with shorter LTL, and this single nucleotide polymorphism was associated with time to disease progression, being a promising potential prognosis biomarker to be used in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Morais
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.,Department of Research, LPCC-Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), Estrada Interior da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-172 Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS, Abel Salazar Institute for The Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Dias
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS, Abel Salazar Institute for The Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Telma Resende
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Nogueira
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.,Department of Research, LPCC-Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), Estrada Interior da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-172 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Oliveira
- Department of Urology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquina Maurício
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana L Teixeira
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology & Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.,Department of Research, LPCC-Portuguese League Against Cancer (NRNorte), Estrada Interior da Circunvalação 6657, 4200-172 Porto, Portugal.,FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.,CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Praça de 9 de Abril 349, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
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Hong T, Luo M, Liu Q. The TERT rs2736100 Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:181-187. [PMID: 32202925 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The classification of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) is currently based on the genotype. Thus, to achieve better diagnostic and prognostic outcomes, it is necessary to further investigate the genetic spectrum underlying the pathogenesis of MPNs. The rs2736100A>C is a functional single nucleotide polymorphism in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene that has been previously reported to be associated with the risk of MPNs. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to confirm the relationship between the TERT rs2736100A>C polymorphism and MPN susceptibility. Materials and Methods: Studies of case-control design were acquired from online databases with specific inclusion criteria. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated to evaluate the association between the TERT rs2736100 polymorphism and MPN susceptibility using different genetic models. Results: Ten case-control studies involving 3488 cases and 57,948 controls were examined. Overall, there was a significant association between the TERT rs2736100 polymorphism and the risk of MPNs (allele model [C vs. A]: OR = 1.57 [95% CI: 1.47-1.69]; homozygous model [CC vs. AA]: OR = 3.00 [95% CI: 2.40-3.76]; heterozygous model [AC vs. AA]: OR = 2.17 [95% CI: 1.77-2.66]; dominant model [CC+AC vs. AA]: OR = 2.43 [95% CI: 2.00-2.95]; and recessive model [CC vs. AC+AA]: OR = 1.73 [95% CI: 1.47-2.04]). Conclusions: In this meta-analysis, we confirm an association between the TERT rs2736100A>C polymorphism and MPN susceptibility under all genetic models evaluated. The TERT rs2736100A>C allele increases the overall risk of MPN. Further studies are warranted to determine the functional role of the TERT rs2736100 polymorphism in MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hong
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
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Vinothkumar V, Arun K, Arunkumar G, Revathidevi S, Ramani R, Bhaskar LVKS, Murugan AK, Munirajan AK. Association between functional TERT promoter polymorphism rs2853669 and cervical cancer risk in South Indian women. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 12:485-494. [PMID: 32257207 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2853669 (A>G) in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter has recently been reported in chr5:1,295,349 T>C (T349C), and was shown to be associated with increased cancer risk and poor survival in a specific population. However, at present, the role of this particular SNP with TERT promoter driver mutations and its genetic association with human papilloma virus (HPV) in patients with cervical cancer has not been determined. In the present study, the genetic association of the functional SNP rs2853669 in the presence/absence of TERT promoter hotspot mutations and HPV in patients with cervical cancer of South Indian origin was evaluated. To understand and compare the frequency of the variant allele and its risk association in different cancer types of various populations, the SNP was genotyped in 257 cervical cancer samples and 295 controls, and its associations with TERT promoter hotspot mutations and HPV were analyzed. Furthermore, an extensive search of previously published articles in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science was conducted; a meta-analysis was carried out to elucidate the association of the SNP with different cancer types in global populations. The SNP analysis showed significantly high frequency (41%) of homozygous variant allele rs2853669 (GG) in patients with cervical cancer compared with control samples [Recessive allele model odds ratio (OR)=1.71; 95% CI=1.20-2.43; P=0.003]. No significant interaction was observed between the TERT SNP rs2853669 and HPV status as well as other hotspot TERT promoter (C228T and C250T) mutations determined in our previous study. In addition, the overall meta-analysis revealed a significant association of the SNP rs2853669 with other cancer types in different ethnic populations (OR=1.09; 95% CI=1.03-1.16; P=0.004). The present results suggested that the TERT SNP rs2853669 could play an important role in the risk of cervical cancer in a South Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilvanathan Vinothkumar
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Kanagaraj Arun
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Ganesan Arunkumar
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Sundaramoorthy Revathidevi
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
| | - Rajendren Ramani
- Institute of Social Obstetrics and Government Kasturba Gandhi Hospital for Women and Children, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600005, India
| | | | - Avaniyapuram Kannan Murugan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan
- Department of Genetics, Dr ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600113, India
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Luo MX, Long BB, Li F, Zhang C, Pan MT, Huang YQ, Chen B. Roles of Cyclooxygenase-2 gene -765G > C (rs20417) and -1195G > A (rs689466) polymorphisms in gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gene 2018; 685:125-135. [PMID: 30391440 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The roles of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) -765G > C (rs20417) and -1195G > A (rs689466) polymorphisms in gastric cancer were intensively analyzed, but the results of these studies were inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis to elucidate the associations between these two COX2 polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk. METHODS Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library databases, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Vip, and Wanfang databases. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the genetic correlation between COX2 polymorphisms and gastric cancer susceptibility in five genetic models. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to estimate whether the evidence of the results is sufficient. Furthermore, their interactions with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) or smoking in gastric cancer were also assessed using a case-only method. RESULTS The COX2 gene -765G > C polymorphism showed no significant association with gastric cancer susceptibility under all the five genetic models (take the allelic model for example: OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 0.95-2.09) in total analysis, and the stratification analysis by ethnicity indicated a similar association in Caucasian group under four genetic models (allelic model, dominant model, homozygous model, and heterozygous model). But in the subgroup of the Asian population, the -765G > C polymorphism was significantly associated with gastric cancer risk under the same contrast. The COX2 -1195G > A polymorphism showed significant correlation with gastric cancer susceptibility in total analysis, and stratification analysis by ethnicity also revealed a similar association in both Asian and Caucasian groups under the same contrast. Moreover, TSA confirmed such associations. Both H. pylori infection and cigarette smoking interacted with -765 C allele in gastric cancer (OR = 3.79, 95% CI: 1.15-12.43 and OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.38-4.48, respectively), but not in -1195 A allele (OR = 1.96, 95% CI: 0.62-6.21, and OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.93-1.64, respectively). CONCLUSIONS COX2 -765G > C polymorphism may serve as a genetic biomarker of gastric cancer in Asians, but not in Caucasians. COX2 -1195G > A polymorphism may serve as a genetic biomarker of gastric cancer in both Asians and Caucasians. The -765G > C, rather than -1195G > A polymorphism interacted with H. pylori infection or cigarette smoking to increase gastric cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xu Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bin-Bin Long
- The Third Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Fei Li
- Endoscopy Center, The Third Hospital of Zhangzhou, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Meng-Ting Pan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Huang
- Teaching and Research Section of Surgery, The First Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Teaching and Research Section of Surgery, The First Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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Lv Z, Sun L, Xu Q, Gong Y, Jing J, Dong N, Xing C, Yuan Y. SNP interactions of PGC with its neighbor lncRNAs enhance the susceptibility to gastric cancer/atrophic gastritis and influence the expression of involved molecules. Cancer Med 2018; 7:5252-5271. [PMID: 30155999 PMCID: PMC6198214 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidimensional interactions of multiple factors are more important in promoting cancer initiation. Gene-gene interactions between protein-coding genes have been paid great attention, while rare studies refer to the interactions between encoding and noncoding genes. Our research group previously found encoding gene PGC polymorphisms could affect the susceptibility to atrophic gastritis (AG) and gastric cancer (GC). Interestingly, several SNPs in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes, just adjacent to PGC, were found to be associated with AG risk and GC prognosis afterward. This study aims to explore the SNP interactions between PGC and its neighbor lncRNAs on the risk of AG and GC. Genotyping for seven PGC SNPs and seven lncRNA SNPs was conducted using Sequenom MassARRAY platform in a total of 2228 northern Chinese subjects, including 536 GC cases, 810 AG cases, and 882 controls. We found 15 pairwise PGC-lncRNAs SNPs had interactions: Five pairs were associated with AG risk, and ten pairs were associated with GC risk. Moreover, two GC-related interactions PGC rs6939861 with lnc-C6orf-132-1 rs7749023 and rs7747696 survived the Bonferroni correction (Pcorrection = 0.049 and 0.007, respectively). Several combinations showed obvious epistasis and cumulative effects on disease risk. Some three-way interactions of SNPs with smoking and drinking could also be observed. Besides, a few interacting SNPs showed correlations with the expression levels of PGC protein and related lncRNAs in serum. Our study would provide research clues for further screening combination biomarkers uniting both protein-coding and noncoding genes with the potential in prediction of the susceptibility to GC and its precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Lv
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General SurgeryChina Medical University First HospitalShenyangChina
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and PreventionLiaoning Provincial Education DepartmentChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Liping Sun
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General SurgeryChina Medical University First HospitalShenyangChina
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and PreventionLiaoning Provincial Education DepartmentChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qian Xu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General SurgeryChina Medical University First HospitalShenyangChina
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and PreventionLiaoning Provincial Education DepartmentChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yuehua Gong
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General SurgeryChina Medical University First HospitalShenyangChina
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and PreventionLiaoning Provincial Education DepartmentChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Jingjing Jing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General SurgeryChina Medical University First HospitalShenyangChina
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and PreventionLiaoning Provincial Education DepartmentChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Nannan Dong
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General SurgeryChina Medical University First HospitalShenyangChina
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and PreventionLiaoning Provincial Education DepartmentChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Chengzhong Xing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General SurgeryChina Medical University First HospitalShenyangChina
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and PreventionLiaoning Provincial Education DepartmentChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General SurgeryChina Medical University First HospitalShenyangChina
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and PreventionLiaoning Provincial Education DepartmentChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
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