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Unveiling the Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in the Treatment of Follicular Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092158. [PMID: 35565286 PMCID: PMC9102342 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Follicular lymphoma is the most common type of indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is characterized by its heterogeneity and variable course. In addition to tumor cells, the immune microenvironment plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Despite advances in treatment, responses vary among patients, and outcomes are often unpredictable: a subset of high-risk patients will be refractory to standard treatments or will develop a high-grade histology. In this review, we try to understand the crosstalk between follicular lymphoma B-cells and the tumor microenvironment as well as its impact on prognosis and the risk of transformation. We also highlight recent findings related to novel therapies developed to treat this complex disease, in which genetic mutations and microenvironment cells play a key role. Abstract Follicular lymphomas (FL) are neoplasms that resemble normal germinal center (GC) B-cells. Normal GC and neoplastic follicles contain non-neoplastic cells such as T-cells, follicular dendritic cells, cancer associated fibroblasts, and macrophages, which define the tumor microenvironment (TME), which itself is an essential factor in tumor cell survival. The main characteristics of the TME in FL are an increased number of follicular regulatory T-cells (Treg) and follicular helper T-cells (Tfh), M2-polarization of macrophages, and the development of a nodular network by stromal cells that creates a suitable niche for tumor growth. All of them play important roles in tumor angiogenesis, inhibition of apoptosis, and immune evasion, which are key factors in tumor progression and transformation risk. Based on these findings, novel therapies have been developed to target specific mutations present in the TME cells, restore immune suppression, and modulate TME.
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Abstract
For the past decade, the role and importance of neutrophils in cancer is being increasingly appreciated. Research has focused on the ability of cancer-related neutrophils to either support tumor growth or interfere with it, showing diverse mechanisms through which the effects of neutrophils take place. In contrast to the historic view of neutrophils as terminally differentiated cells, mounting evidence has demonstrated that neutrophils are a plastic and diverse population of cells. These dynamic and plastic abilities allow them to perform varied and sometimes opposite functions simultaneously. In this review, we summarize and detail clinical and experimental evidence for, and underlying mechanisms of, the dual impact of neutrophils' functions, both supporting and inhibiting cancer development. We first discuss the effects of various basic functions of neutrophils, namely direct cytotoxicity, secretion of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and proteases, NETosis, autophagy and modulation of other immune cells, on tumor growth and metastatic progression. We then describe the clinical evidence for pro- vs anti-tumor functions of neutrophils in human cancer. We believe and show that the "net" impact of neutrophils in cancer is the sum of a complex balance between contradicting effects which occur simultaneously.
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Neutrophils in Tumorigenesis: Missing Targets for Successful Next Generation Cancer Therapies? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136744. [PMID: 34201758 PMCID: PMC8268516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils—once considered as simple killers of pathogens and unexciting for cancer research—are now acknowledged for their role in the process of tumorigenesis. Neutrophils are recruited to the tumor microenvironment where they turn into tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and are able to initiate and promote tumor progression and metastasis. Conversely, anti-tumorigenic properties of neutrophils have been documented, highlighting the versatile nature and high pleiotropic plasticity of these polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN-L). Here, we dissect the ambivalent roles of TANs in cancer and focus on selected functional aspects that could be therapeutic targets. Indeed, the critical point of targeting TAN functions lies in the fact that an immunosuppressive state could be induced, resulting in unwanted side effects. A deeper knowledge of the mechanisms linked to diverse TAN functions in different cancer types is necessary to define appropriate therapeutic strategies that are able to induce and maintain an anti-tumor microenvironment.
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Pylaeva E, Ozel I, Squire A, Spyra I, Wallner C, Korek M, Korschunow G, Domnich M, Siakaeva E, Goetz M, Bankfalvi A, Lang S, Kansy B, Jablonska J. B-Helper Neutrophils in Regional Lymph Nodes Correlate with Improved Prognosis in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123092. [PMID: 34205654 PMCID: PMC8234083 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neutrophils exhibit multiple functions during cancer progression and are believed to regulate adaptive immune responses to cancer. In addition to their interactions with T cells in this context, these cells are also believed to interact with B cells. Neutrophils have been found in the marginal zone of the spleen, where they exhibit helper cell characteristics, supporting B cell proliferation and activation. Here, we investigate the effect of neutrophils on B cells in the regional lymph nodes (RLN) of head-and-neck cancer (HNC) patients. We have identified that, in RLNs, neutrophils express a helper cell phenotype that was associated with the increased activation and proliferation of B cells. Importantly, the high abundance of neutrophils in the B cell follicles of regional lymph nodes is associated with significantly improved HNC patient survival. Abstract The role of neutrophils during cancer formation and elimination is diverse. Here, for the first time, we investigate neutrophil helper cells (NBH), their influence on B cell activity in the regional lymph nodes (RLN) of head-and-neck cancer patients and the effect of this neutrophil/B cell interaction on patient prognosis. Circulating and RLN neutrophils of patients with stage I–IV head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma were investigated with flow cytometry and qPCR. In addition, neutrophil/B cell co-localization in RLNs was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. B cell proliferation was assessed and correlated with the distance to neutrophils. Patient survival was evaluated. Neutrophils with the helper cell phenotype were identified in the RLN of HNC patients. B cells in close proximity to such NBH showed significantly higher proliferation rates, together with elevated activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) expression. Notably, patient survival was significantly higher in individuals with high NBH frequencies in the B follicles of RLNs. Neutrophils in RLN can support T cell-independent activation of the adaptive immune system through B cell stimulation, capturing helper cell phenotype character. The presence of such helper neutrophils in the RLNs of HNC patients positively correlates with patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pylaeva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Irem Ozel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Anthony Squire
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany;
| | - Ilona Spyra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Charlotte Wallner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Magdalena Korek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Georg Korschunow
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Maksim Domnich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Elena Siakaeva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Moritz Goetz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Agnes Bankfalvi
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Stephan Lang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Düsseldorf/Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kansy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Düsseldorf/Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (J.J.)
| | - Jadwiga Jablonska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.P.); (I.O.); (I.S.); (C.W.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (M.D.); (E.S.); (S.L.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Düsseldorf/Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (J.J.)
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Role of Microenvironment in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Understanding the Composition and Biology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:206-216. [PMID: 32496454 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoma microenvironment is a dynamic and well-orchestrated network of various immune and stromal cells that is indispensable for tumor cell survival, growth, migration, immune escape, and drug resistance. Recent progress has enhanced our knowledge of the pivotal role of microenvironment in lymphomagenesis. Understanding the characteristics, functions, and contributions of various components of the tumor niche, along with its bidirectional interactions with tumor cells, is paramount. It offers the potential to identify new therapeutic targets with the ability to restore antitumor immune surveillance and eliminate the protumoral factors contributed by the tumor niche.
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Follicular Lymphoma Microenvironment: An Intricate Network Ready for Therapeutic Intervention. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040641. [PMID: 33562694 PMCID: PMC7915642 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular Lymphoma (FL), the most common indolent non-Hodgkin's B cell lymphoma, is a paradigm of the immune microenvironment's contribution to disease onset, progression, and heterogeneity. Over the last few years, state-of-the-art technologies, including whole-exome sequencing, single-cell RNA sequencing, and mass cytometry, have precisely dissected the specific cellular phenotypes present in the FL microenvironment network and their role in the disease. In this already complex picture, the presence of recurring mutations, including KMT2D, CREBBP, EZH2, and TNFRSF14, have a prominent contributory role, with some of them finely tuning this exquisite dependence of FL on its microenvironment. This precise characterization of the enemy (FL) and its allies (microenvironment) has paved the way for the development of novel therapies aimed at dismantling this contact network, weakening tumor cell support, and reactivating the host's immune response against the tumor. In this review, we will describe the main microenvironment actors, together with the current and future therapeutic approaches targeting them.
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Henriques J, Felisberto R, Constantino-Casas F, Cabeçadas J, Dobson J. Peripheral blood cell ratios as prognostic factors in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with CHOP protocol. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 19:242-252. [PMID: 33247533 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common haematopoietic tumour in dogs and recognized as clinical model for its human counterpart. Recently, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) and lymphocyte-to-monocyte (LMR) ratios have been shown to predict time-to-progression (TTP) and lymphoma-specific survival (LSS) in dogs with DLBCL treated with CHOP-based chemotherapy. We retrospectively evaluated in 59 dogs diagnosed with DLBCL the prognostic value of haematological parameters and derived ratios: NLR, LMR, platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) and platelet-to-neutrophil (PNR) ratios for TTP, LSS and associated secondary end-points (time-to-progression-rate [TTPR] and lymphoma-specific survival-rate [LSSR]) as rates at 180 and 365 days. PNR is an independent prognostic marker (p ≤ .001) for TTPR/180 and 365 days, dogs with a PNR above 0.032 were more likely to progress before 180 days (sensitivity 46.5%, specificity 87.5%, p = .004). On univariate analysis, NLR showed a prognostic significance for LSSR/180 (p = .006) and LSSR/365 (p = .009). A baseline NLR value below 7.45 was positively associated with survival at 180 days (sensitivity 52%, specificity 85.3%, p = .025). The presence of substage b, was associated with early progression and decreased survival at 180 days (p = .031). Anaemia significantly reduced LSSR at 365 days (p = .028). This is the first study evaluating PLR and PNR in canine DLBCL and demonstrates that PNR could be a predictor of early lymphoma progression. Since peripheral blood cell composition can be affected by several non-oncological causes, the development of larger multicenter studies with homogeneous inclusion criteria could help to better determine the true predictive values of blood cell ratios in dogs' DLBCL treated with CHOP chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Cabeçadas
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, IPO-FG-Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jane Dobson
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Beltrán BE, Villela L, Torres MA, Otero V, Fiad L, Peña C, Cabrera ME, León P, Idrobo H, Castro DA, Paredes S, Perdomo I, Abello V, Rojas C, Ramirez-Ibargüen A, Candelaria M, Pérez-Jacobo F, Montaño-Figueroa E, Best C, Goméz-De Leon A, Gómez-Almaguer D, Ruiz-Argüelles G, Hernández-Hernández J, Malpica L, Sotomayor EM, Castillo JJ. A Multi-Institutional Validation of the Prognostic Value of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Study From The Latin American Group of Lymphoproliferative Disorders (GELL). CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2020; 20:637-646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Hodgkin lymphomas (HLs) are lymphoid neoplasms uniquely characterized by a paucity of neoplastic cells embedded in a supportive heterogenous cellular microenvironment. Although first described in the 19th century, systematic biological understanding of HLs has been hindered due to the challenges presented in studying the complex tumor microenvironment and scarce tumorigenic cells. Recent advances in single-cell isolation and characterization, sensitive mutational analytic tools, and multiplex immunohistochemical strategies have allowed further advances in understanding the development and progression of HL. Here we provide a current update on the chromosomal and mutational abnormalities seen in HL, the impact of Epstein-Barr virus infection on driving a subset of HLs, and the possibility of disease monitoring via high-sensitivity detection of genetic aberrations. We also discuss recent developments in understanding the intricate microenvironment through intercellular cross-talk, and describe novel potential biomarkers to aid in distinction of HL from other overlapping entities.
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Swaminathan S, Hansen AS, Heftdal LD, Dhanasekaran R, Deutzmann A, Fernandez WDM, Liefwalker DF, Horton C, Mosley A, Liebersbach M, Maecker HT, Felsher DW. MYC functions as a switch for natural killer cell-mediated immune surveillance of lymphoid malignancies. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2860. [PMID: 32503978 PMCID: PMC7275060 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16447-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The MYC oncogene drives T- and B- lymphoid malignancies, including Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Here, we demonstrate a systemic reduction in natural killer (NK) cell numbers in SRα-tTA/Tet-O-MYCON mice bearing MYC-driven T-lymphomas. Residual mNK cells in spleens of MYCON T-lymphoma-bearing mice exhibit perturbations in the terminal NK effector differentiation pathway. Lymphoma-intrinsic MYC arrests NK maturation by transcriptionally repressing STAT1/2 and secretion of Type I Interferons (IFNs). Treating T-lymphoma-bearing mice with Type I IFN improves survival by rescuing NK cell maturation. Adoptive transfer of mature NK cells is sufficient to delay both T-lymphoma growth and recurrence post MYC inactivation. In MYC-driven BL patients, low expression of both STAT1 and STAT2 correlates significantly with the absence of activated NK cells and predicts unfavorable clinical outcomes. Our studies thus provide a rationale for developing NK cell-based therapies to effectively treat MYC-driven lymphomas in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/mortality
- Cell Line, Tumor/transplantation
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Humans
- Immunologic Surveillance/genetics
- Interferon Type I/pharmacology
- Interferon Type I/therapeutic use
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/transplantation
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, T-Cell/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Primary Cell Culture
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- STAT1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- STAT2 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Srividya Swaminathan
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Aida S Hansen
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Line D Heftdal
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Renumathy Dhanasekaran
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anja Deutzmann
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wadie D M Fernandez
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel F Liefwalker
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Crista Horton
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adriane Mosley
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mariola Liebersbach
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Holden T Maecker
- The Human Immune Monitoring Center (HIMC), Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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11
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Laban KG, Kalmann R, Bekker CPJ, Hiddingh S, van der Veen RLP, Eenhorst CAE, Genders SW, Mourits MP, Verhagen FH, Leijten EFA, Haitjema S, de Groot MCH, Radstake TRDJ, de Boer JH, Kuiper JJW. A pan-inflammatory microRNA-cluster is associated with orbital non-Hodgkin lymphoma and idiopathic orbital inflammation. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:86-96. [PMID: 31713839 PMCID: PMC6973116 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin orbital lymphoma (NHOL) and idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) are common orbital conditions with largely unknown pathophysiology that can be difficult to diagnose. In this study we aim to identify serum miRNAs associated with NHOL and IOI. We performed OpenArray® miRNA profiling in 33 patients and controls. Differentially expressed miRNAs were technically validated across technology platforms and replicated in an additional cohort of 32 patients and controls. We identified and independently validated a serum miRNA profile of NHOL that was remarkably similar to IOI and characterized by an increased expression of a cluster of eight miRNAs. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the miRNA-cluster is associated with immune-mediated pathways, which we supported by demonstrating the elevated expression of this cluster in serum of patients with other inflammatory conditions. The cluster contained miR-148a, a key driver of B-cell tolerance, and miR-365 that correlated with serum IgG and IgM concentrations. In addition, miR-29a and miR-223 were associated with blood lymphocyte and neutrophil populations, respectively. NHOL and IOI are characterized by an abnormal serum miRNA-cluster associated with immune pathway activation and linked to B cell and neutrophil dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil G. Laban
- Ophthalmo‐Immunology UnitUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rachel Kalmann
- Ophthalmo‐Immunology UnitUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Cornelis P. J. Bekker
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Sanne Hiddingh
- Ophthalmo‐Immunology UnitUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rob L. P. van der Veen
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Christine A. E. Eenhorst
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Stijn W. Genders
- Department of OphthalmologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten P. Mourits
- Department of OphthalmologyAcademic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Fleurieke H. Verhagen
- Ophthalmo‐Immunology UnitUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Emmerik F. A. Leijten
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Saskia Haitjema
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and HaematologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Mark C. H. de Groot
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and HaematologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Timothy R. D. J. Radstake
- Ophthalmo‐Immunology UnitUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Joke H. de Boer
- Ophthalmo‐Immunology UnitUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Jonas J. W. Kuiper
- Ophthalmo‐Immunology UnitUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In addition to the recent progresses in the description of the genetic landscape of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, tumor microenvironment has progressively emerged as a central determinant of early lymphomagenesis, subclonal evolution, drug resistance, and late progression/transformation. The purpose of this review is to outline the most recent findings regarding malignant B-cell niche composition and organization supporting direct and indirect tumor-promoting functions of lymphoma microenvironment. RECENT FINDINGS Lymphoma supportive niche integrates a dynamic and orchestrated network of immune and stromal cell subsets producing, with a high level of spatial and kinetic heterogeneity, extracellular and membrane factors regulating tumor migration, survival, proliferation, immune escape, as well as tumor microarchitecture, and mechanical constraints. Some recent insights have improved our understanding of these various components of lymphoma microenvironment, taking into account the mechanisms underlying the coevolution of malignant and nonmalignant cells within the tumor niche. SUMMARY Deciphering tumor niche characteristics, functions, and origin could offer new therapeutic opportunities through the targeting of pivotal cellular and molecular components of the supportive microenvironment, favoring immune cell reactivation and infiltration, and/or limiting tumor retention within this protective niche.
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Costa S, Bevilacqua D, Cassatella MA, Scapini P. Recent advances on the crosstalk between neutrophils and B or T lymphocytes. Immunology 2018; 156:23-32. [PMID: 30259972 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of literature supports a role for neutrophils as players in the orchestration of adaptive immunity. During acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, neutrophils rapidly migrate not only to sites of inflammation, but also to draining lymph nodes and spleen, where they engage bidirectional interactions with B- and T-lymphocyte subsets. Accordingly, a relevant role of neutrophils in modulating B-cell responses under homeostatic conditions has recently emerged. Moreover, specialized immunoregulatory properties towards B or T cells acquired by distinct neutrophil populations, originating under pathological conditions, have been consistently described. In this article, we summarize the most recent data from human studies and murine models on the ability of neutrophils to modulate adaptive immune responses under physiological and pathological conditions and the mechanisms behind these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Costa
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Dalila Bevilacqua
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco A Cassatella
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Scapini
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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