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Pradhan P, Jia G, Khankari NK, Zheng W. Evaluating interactions of polygenic risk scores and NAT2 genotypes with tobacco smoking in bladder cancer risk. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:210-216. [PMID: 37728483 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer. Previous studies have identified the N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) gene in association with bladder cancer risk. The NAT2 gene encodes an enzyme that metabolizes aromatic amines, carcinogens commonly found in tobacco smoke. In our study, we evaluated potential interactions of tobacco smoking with NAT2 genotypes and polygenic risk score (PRS) for bladder cancer, using data from the UK Biobank, a large prospective cohort study. We used Cox proportional hazards models to measure the strength of the association. The PRS was derived using genetic risk variants identified by genome-wide association studies for bladder cancer. With an average of 10.1 years of follow-up of 390 678 eligible participants of European descent, 769 incident bladder cancer cases were identified. Current smokers with a PRS in the highest tertile had a higher risk of developing bladder cancer (HR: 6.45, 95% CI: 4.51-9.24) than current smokers with a PRS in the lowest tertile (HR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.52-3.84; P for additive interaction = <.001). A similar interaction was found for genetically predicted metabolizing NAT2 phenotype and tobacco smoking where current smokers with the slow NAT2 phenotype had an increased risk of developing bladder cancer (HR: 5.70, 95% CI: 2.64-12.30) than current smokers with the fast NAT2 phenotype (HR: 3.61, 95% CI: 1.14-11.37; P for additive interaction = .100). Our study provides support for considering both genetic and lifestyle risk factors in developing prevention measures for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranoti Pradhan
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Guochong Jia
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nikhil K Khankari
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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2
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Zhang X, Wen Z, Xing Z, Zhou X, Yang Z, Dong R, Yang J. The causal relationship between osteoarthritis and bladder cancer: A Mendelian randomization study. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6829. [PMID: 38100139 PMCID: PMC10807596 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The causal association between osteoarthritis (OA) and bladder cancer remains unclear. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study was carried out to assess the potential causal effects of any OA, knee OA and hip OA, and bladder cancer. METHOD Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data for OA and bladder cancer were obtained in GWAS CATALOG, UK Biobank, and FinnGen Consortium. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach was primarily conducted to evaluate the causal relationships between OA and bladder cancer, and MR-Egger intercept and Cochran's Q test were mainly used to estimate heterogeneity and pleiotropy. MR-PRESSO was used to test the presence of horizontal outliers. Leave-one-out analysis was utilized to ensure the reliability of the results. RESULTS A higher genetic predisposition to any OA has a causal association with bladder cancer risk, while neither knee OA nor hip OA is causally linked to bladder cancer. MR-Egger intercept analysis exhibited that any OA and knee OA had no pleiotropic effect on the risk of bladder cancer, and Cochran's Q test showed that any OA, knee OA and hip OA had no heterogeneity on bladder cancer risk. Neither MR PRESSO analysis nor leave-one-out analysis revealed any outlier SNPs. CONCLUSIONS This MR study exhibited a positive cause-and-effect relationship between any type of OA and bladder cancer risk, but not between site-specific OA, knee OA and hip OA, and bladder cancer. Attention should be paid to the screening and prevention of bladder cancer in OA patients at any site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zengjin Wen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao Medical CollegeQingdao UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Zixuan Xing
- Department of Infectious DiseasesThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhiluo Yang
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Ruijun Dong
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
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Rumšaitė G, Gedvilaitė G, Balnytė R, Kriaučiūnienė L, Liutkevičienė R. The Influence of TEP1 and TERC Genetic Variants on the Susceptibility to Multiple Sclerosis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5863. [PMID: 37762804 PMCID: PMC10531829 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. According to recent studies, cellular senescence caused by telomere shortening may contribute to the development of MS. AIM OF THE STUDY Our aim was to determine the associations of TEP1 rs1760904, rs1713418, TERC rs12696304, rs35073794 gene polymorphisms with the occurrence of MS. METHODS The study included 200 patients with MS and 230 healthy controls. Genotyping of TEP1 rs1760904, rs1713418 and TERC rs12696304, rs35073794 was performed using RT-PCR. The obtained data were analysed using the program "IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0". Haplotype analysis was performed using the online program "SNPStats". RESULTS The TERC rs12696304 G allele of this SNP is associated with 1.4-fold lower odds of developing MS (p = 0.035). TERC rs35073794 is associated with approximately 2.4-fold reduced odds of MS occurrence in the codominant, dominant, overdominant, and additive models (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). Haplotype analysis shows that the rs1760904-G-rs1713418-A haplotype is statistically significantly associated with 1.75-fold increased odds of developing MS (p = 0.006). The rs12696304-C-rs35073794-A haplotype is statistically significantly associated with twofold decreased odds of developing MS (p = 0.008). In addition, the rs12696304-G-rs35073794-A haplotype was found to be statistically significantly associated with 5.3-fold decreased odds of developing MS (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The current evidence may suggest a protective role of TERC SNP in the occurrence of MS, while TEP1 has the opposite effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintarė Rumšaitė
- Medical Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Greta Gedvilaitė
- Medical Faculty, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Neurosciences Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Renata Balnytė
- Department of Neurology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Loresa Kriaučiūnienė
- Neurosciences Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (R.L.)
| | - Rasa Liutkevičienė
- Neurosciences Institute, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.K.); (R.L.)
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Teke K, Avci IE, Cinar NB, Baynal EA, Bosnali E, Polat S, Yilmaz H, Kara O, Dillioglugil O. Immune-inflammatory-nutritional status predicts oncologic outcomes after radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of bladder. Actas Urol Esp 2023; 47:430-440. [PMID: 36731820 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform the first investigation of the role of immune-inflammatory-nutritional status (INS) on oncological outcomes in patients undergoing open radical cystectomy (ORC) for urothelial carcinoma (UC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The records of consecutive patients who underwent ORC for non-metastatic bladder cancer between 2009 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, non-urothelial tumor biology, and absence of oncological follow-up were exclusion criteria. Systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) values were calculated and optimal cut-off values for these were used to designate four subgroups: "high SII-high PNI", "low SII-high PNI", "low SII-low PNI", and "high SII-low PNI". The Low SII-high PNI INS group had best overall survival (OS) rate while the remainder were included in non-favorable INS group. Survival curves were constructed, and a multivariate Cox regression model was used for OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS). RESULTS After exclusions, the final cohort size was 173 patients. The mean age was 64.31 ± 8.35 and median follow-up was 21 (IQR: 9-58) months. Optimal cut-off values for SII and PNI were 1216 and 47, respectively. The favorable INS group (low SII-high PNI, n = 89) had the best OS rate (62.9%). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that non-favorable INS (n = 84) was a worse independent prognostic factor for OS (HR: 1.509, 95%CI: 1.104-3.145, p = 0.001) and RFS (HR: 1.285; 95%CI: 1.009-1.636, p = 0.042). CONCLUSION Preoperative assessment of INS may be a useful prognostic panel for OS and RFS in patients who had ORC for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Teke
- Department of Urology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - I E Avci
- Department of Urology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.
| | - N B Cinar
- Department of Urology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - E A Baynal
- Department of Urology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - E Bosnali
- Department of Urology, Derince Education and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - S Polat
- Department of Urology, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey
| | - H Yilmaz
- Department of Urology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - O Kara
- Department of Urology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - O Dillioglugil
- Department of Urology, Kocaeli University School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey
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Lucchesi CA, Vasilatis DM, Mantrala S, Chandrasekar T, Mudryj M, Ghosh PM. Pesticides and Bladder Cancer: Mechanisms Leading to Anti-Cancer Drug Chemoresistance and New Chemosensitization Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11395. [PMID: 37511154 PMCID: PMC10380322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple risk factors have been associated with bladder cancer. This review focuses on pesticide exposure, as it is not currently known whether agricultural products have a direct or indirect effect on bladder cancer, despite recent reports demonstrating a strong correlation. While it is known that pesticide exposure is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer in humans and dogs, the mechanism(s) by which specific pesticides cause bladder cancer initiation or progression is unknown. In this narrative review, we discuss what is currently known about pesticide exposure and the link to bladder cancer. This review highlights multiple pathways modulated by pesticide exposure with direct links to bladder cancer oncogenesis/metastasis (MMP-2, TGF-β, STAT3) and chemoresistance (drug efflux, DNA repair, and apoptosis resistance) and potential therapeutic tactics to counter these pesticide-induced affects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Lucchesi
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Demitria M. Vasilatis
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Urological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Saisamkalpa Mantrala
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Thenappan Chandrasekar
- Department of Urological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Maria Mudryj
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paramita M. Ghosh
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA; (D.M.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Urological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Angiogenesis plays a key role in bladder cancer (BC) pathogenesis. In the last two decades, an increasing number of publications depicting a multitude of novel angiogenic molecules and pathways have emerged. The growing complexity necessitates an evaluation of the breadth of current knowledge to highlight key findings and guide future research. RECENT FINDINGS Angiogenesis is a dynamic biologic process that is inherently difficult to assess. Clinical assessment of angiogenesis in BCs is advancing with the integration of image analysis systems and dynamic contrast-enhanced and magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI). Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly influence the angiogenic process, and further research is needed to assess their potential as therapeutic targets. A rapidly growing list of non-coding RNAs affect angiogenesis in BCs, partly through modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) activity. Vascular mimicry (VM) has been repeatedly associated with increased tumour aggressiveness in BCs. Standardised assays are needed for appropriate identification and quantification of VM channels. This article demonstrates the dynamic and complex nature of the angiogenic process and asserts the need for further studies to deepen our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Elayat
- Department of Natural Science, Middlesex University, London, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ivan Punev
- Department of Natural Science, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Abdel Selim
- Histopathology Department, King’s Health Partners, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
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7
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Deng Z, Tang N, Xiong W, Lei X, Zhang T, Yang N. Inflammation-related research within the field of bladder cancer: a bibliometric analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1126897. [PMID: 37350946 PMCID: PMC10282760 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1126897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, the link between inflammation and bladder cancer(BC) has received much attention. However, there were no relevant bibliometric studies to analyze the inflammation-related research within this field of BC. Methods We selected Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) as the data source to obtain articles and reviews on inflammation-related research within te field of BC from WOSCC's inception to October 10, 2022. The collected data were meticulously and manually screened, after which we used VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Biblioshiny and an online analysis platform (https://bibliometric.com/) to perform bibliometric analysis on the data and visualize the results. Results A total of 4301 papers related to inflammation-related research within this field of BC were included in this study.The number of publications has steadily increased over the last decades (R²=0.9021). The top contributing country was the United States, O'Donnell, Michael A was the most published authors, the leading contributing institution was the University of Texas, and the leading contributing journal was JOURNAL OF UROLOGY. The keywords co-occurrence analysis indicated that "immunotherapy," "inflammation-related biomarkers," and "tumor microenvironment" were the hot spots and frontiers of research in this field. Conclusion This study clarifies the contribution of countries, institutions, authors, and journals in inflammation-related research within this field of BC through a bibliometric approach and identifies research hotspots and frontiers in the field. Notably, these findings can help researchers to understand more clearly the relationship between inflammation and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Deng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wanyan Xiong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xu Lei
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Carvalho LB, Martínez JLC, Lodeiro C, Bento R, Dhir R, Morrissey JJ, Pinheiro LC, Medeiros M, Santos HM. Biochemical network analysis of protein-protein interactions to follow-up T1 bladder cancer patients. J Proteomics 2023; 278:104865. [PMID: 36870676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a prevalent disease with a high risk of aggressive recurrence in T1-stage patients. Despite the efforts to anticipate recurrence, a reliable method has yet to be developed. In this work, we employed high-resolution mass spectrometry to compare the urinary proteome of T1-stage BCa patients with recurring versus non-recurring disease to uncover actionable clinical information predicting recurrence. All patients were diagnosed with T1-stage bladder cancer between the ages of 51 and 91, and urine samples were collected before medical intervention. Our results suggest that the urinary myeloperoxidase to cubilin ratio could be used as a new tool for predicting recurrence and that dysregulation of the inflammatory and immune systems may be a key driver of disease worsening. Furthermore, we identified neutrophil degranulation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as key pathways in the progression of T1-stage BCa. We propose that proteomics follow-up of the inflammatory and immune systems may be useful for monitoring the effectiveness of therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: This article describes how proteomics can be used to characterize tumor aggressiveness in patients with the same diagnosis of bladder cancer (BCa). LC-MS/MS in combination with label free quantification (LFQ) were used to explore potential protein and pathway level changes related to the aggressiveness of the disease in 13 and 17 recurring and non-recurring T1 stage BCa patients. We have shown that the MPO/CUBN protein ratio is a candidate for a urine prognosis tool in BCa. Furthermore, we identify dysregulation of inflammation process as a driver for BCa recurrence and progression. Moreover, we propose using proteomics to track the effectiveness of therapy in the inflammatory and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís B Carvalho
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal; PROTEOMASS Scientific Society, Madan Parque, Rua dos Inventores, Caparica 2825-182, Portugal
| | - José Luis Capelo Martínez
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal; PROTEOMASS Scientific Society, Madan Parque, Rua dos Inventores, Caparica 2825-182, Portugal
| | - Carlos Lodeiro
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal; PROTEOMASS Scientific Society, Madan Parque, Rua dos Inventores, Caparica 2825-182, Portugal
| | - Rafael Bento
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal; PROTEOMASS Scientific Society, Madan Parque, Rua dos Inventores, Caparica 2825-182, Portugal
| | - Rajiv Dhir
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeremiah J Morrissey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luis Campos Pinheiro
- Urology Department, Central Lisbon Hospital Center, Lisbon, Portugal.; NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana Medeiros
- Urology Department, Central Lisbon Hospital Center, Lisbon, Portugal.; NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo M Santos
- BIOSCOPE Research Group, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal; PROTEOMASS Scientific Society, Madan Parque, Rua dos Inventores, Caparica 2825-182, Portugal; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Dai Z, Zhang J, Xu W, Du P, Wang Z, Liu Y. Single-Cell Sequencing-Based Validation of T Cell-Associated Diagnostic Model Genes and Drug Response in Crohn's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076054. [PMID: 37047025 PMCID: PMC10093907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a highly heterogeneous autoimmune disease with a unique inflammatory phenotype of T cells at the lesion site. We aim to further explore the diagnosis of Crohn's disease and drug prediction of T cell marker gene expression. We obtained single-cell expression profile data from 22 CDs or normal samples and performed cell annotation and cellular communication analysis. Through the intersection of T cell marker genes, differential genes, and WGCNA results, we identified T cell-specific key genes and their immune landscapes and potential pathogenesis, and validated them across multiple datasets and patient tissue samples. We also explored the differentiation characteristics of genes by pseudo-temporal analysis and assessed their diagnostic performance and drug sensitivity by molecular docking. Finally, we extended this study to the prognosis of IBD-associated colon cancer. TNF-centered 5-gene diagnostic model not only has excellent diagnostic efficacy, but is also closely associated with KRAS, P53, and IL6/JAK/STAT3 pathways and physiological processes, such as EMT, coagulation, and apoptosis. In addition, this diagnostic model may have potential synergistic immunotherapeutic effects, with positive correlations with immune checkpoints such as CTLA4, CD86, PDCD1LG2, and CD40. Molecular docking demonstrated that BIRC3 and ANXA1 have strong binding properties to Azathioprine and Glucoocorticoid. Furthermore, the 5-gene model may suggest antagonism to IFX and prognosis for colon cancer associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Single-cell sequencing targeting T cell-related features in patients with Crohn's disease may aid in new diagnostic decisions, as well as the initial exploration of high-potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujiang Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhongchuan Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai 200092, China
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10
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Semeniuk-Wojtaś A, Poddębniak-Strama K, Modzelewska M, Baryła M, Dziąg-Dudek E, Syryło T, Górnicka B, Jakieła A, Stec R. Tumour microenvironment as a predictive factor for immunotherapy in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023:10.1007/s00262-023-03376-9. [PMID: 36928373 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03376-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) can be divided into two subgroups depending on invasion of the muscular layer: non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Its aggressiveness is associated, inter alia, with genetic aberrations like losses of 1p, 6q, 9p, 9q and 13q; gain of 5p; or alterations in the p53 and p16 pathways. Moreover, there are reported metabolic disturbances connected with poor diagnosis-for example, enhanced aerobic glycolysis, gluconeogenesis or haem catabolism.Currently, the primary way of treatment method is transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TURBT) with adjuvant Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy for NMIBC or radical cystectomy for MIBC combined with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. However, intravesical BCG immunotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are not efficient in every case, so appropriate biomarkers are needed in order to select the proper treatment options. It seems that the success of immunotherapy depends mainly on the tumour microenvironment (TME), which reflects the molecular disturbances in the tumour. TME consists of specific conditions like hypoxia or local acidosis and different populations of immune cells including tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils and B lymphocytes, which are responsible for shaping the response against tumour neoantigens and crucial pathways like the PD-L1/PD-1 axis.In this review, we summarise holistically the impact of the immune system, genetic alterations and metabolic changes that are key factors in immunotherapy success. These findings should enable better understanding of the TME complexity in case of NMIBC and causes of failures of current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tomasz Syryło
- Department of General, Active and Oncological Urology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Górnicka
- Pathomorphology Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Jakieła
- Oncology Department, 4 Military Clinical Hospital with a Polyclinic, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Stec
- Oncology Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Teke K, Erkut Avci I, Burak Cinar N, Abdullah Baynal E, Bosnali E, Polat S, Yilmaz H, Kara O, Dillioglugil O. El estado inmunológico-inflamatorio-nutricional predice los resultados oncológicos tras la cistectomía radical por carcinoma urotelial de vejiga. Actas Urol Esp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Shen C, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Wu Z, Da L, Yang S, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Qie Y, Zhao G, Lin Y, Huang S, Zhou M, Hu H. Identification of a dysregulated CircRNA-associated gene signature for predicting prognosis, immune landscape, and drug candidates in bladder cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1018285. [PMID: 36300085 PMCID: PMC9589509 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1018285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidences have demonstrated that circular RNA (circRNAs) plays a an essential regulatory role in initiation, progression and immunotherapy resistance of various cancers. However, circRNAs have rarely been studied in bladder cancer (BCa). The purpose of this research is to explore new circRNAs and their potential mechanisms in BCa. A novel ceRNA-regulated network, including 87 differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs), 126 DE-miRNAs, and 217 DE-mRNAs was constructed to better understanding the biological processes using Cytoscape 3.7.1 based on our previously high-throughput circRNA sequencing and five GEO datasets. Subsequently, five randomly selected circRNAs (upregulated circ_0001681; downregulated circ_0000643, circ_0001798, circ_0006117 and circ_0067900) in 20 pairs of BCa and paracancerous tissues were confirmed using qRT-PCR. Functional analysis results determined that 772 GO functions and 32 KEGG pathways were enriched in the ceRNA network. Ten genes (PFKFB4, EDNRA, GSN, GAS1, PAPPA, DTL, TGFBI, PRSS8, RGS1 and TCF4) were selected for signature construction among the ceRNA network. The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) expression of these genes were consistent with the above sequencing data. Notably, the model was validated in multiple external datasets (GSE13507, GSE31684, GSE48075, IMvigor210 and GSE32894). The immune-infiltration was evaluated by 7 published algorithms (i.e., TIMER, CIBERSORT, CIBERSORT-ABS, QUANTISEQ, MCPCOUNTER, XCELL and EPIC). Next, Correlations between riskscore or risk groups and clinicopathological data, overall survival, recognized immunoregulatory cells or common chemotherapeutic agents of BCa patients were performed using wilcox rank test, chi-square test, cox regression and spearman’s correlation analysis; and, these results are significant. According to R package “GSVA” and “clusterProfiler”, the most significantly enriched HALLMARK and KEGG pathway was separately the ‘Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition’ and ‘Ecm Receptor Interaction’ in the high- vs. low-risk group. Additionally, the functional experiments in vitro also revealed that the overexpression of has_circ_0067900 significantly impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities of BCa cells. Collectively, the results of the current study provide a novel landscape of circRNA-associated ceRNA-regulated network in BCa. The ceRNA-associated gene model which was constructed presented a high predictive performance for the prognosis, immunotherapeutic responsiveness, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity of BCa. And, has_circ_0067900 was originally proposed as tumor suppressor for patients with BCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Shen
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinglang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhouliang Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - La Da
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaobo Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zejin Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunkai Qie
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gangjian Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuda Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwang Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingli Zhou
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hailong Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Hailong Hu,
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13
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Friedrich V, Choi HW. The Urinary Microbiome: Role in Bladder Cancer and Treatment. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092068. [PMID: 36140470 PMCID: PMC9497549 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Commensal microbes have increasingly been found to be involved in the development and progression of cancer. The recent discovery of the urinary microbiome bolstered the notion that microbes might play a role in bladder cancer. Although microbial involvement in bladder neoplastic transformation and metastatic progression, except schisto somiasis, has not been established, accumulating research suggests that dysbiosis of the urinary microbiome can produce a chronically inflammatory urothelial microenvironment and lead to bladder cancer. In this review, we describe how the urinary microbiome might facilitate the development of bladder cancer by altering the host immune system and the kind of cytokines that are directly involved in these responses. We investigated the therapeutic possibilities of modulating the urinary microbiome, including immune checkpoint therapy. The responsiveness of patients to intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy was evaluated with respect to microbiome composition. We conclude by noting that the application of microbes to orchestrate the inflammatory response in the bladder may facilitate the development of treatments for bladder cancer.
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14
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Cancrini F, Michel F, Cussenot O, Alshehhi H, Comperat E, Phé V. Bladder carcinomas in patients with neurogenic bladder and urinary schistosomiasis: are they the same tumors? World J Urol 2022; 40:1949-1959. [PMID: 35091808 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-022-03941-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the expression of different immunohistochemical markers in Bladder Carcinomas (BC) in patients with Neurogenic Bladder (NB) and Urinary Schistosomiasis (US) infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected tissue samples from patients with Neurogenic Bladder and Bladder Carcinoma (NBC Group) and from patients with Urinary Schistosomiasis infection and Bladder Carcinoma (SBC Group). We compared to these two groups to control samples from resection from patients with Urinary Schistosomiasis without Bladder Carcinoma (US Group); we also investigate patients' characteristics according to urothelial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) histopathological differentiation. The expression of markers in all groups (CK7, CK14, CK20, FoxP3, GATA3, STAG2, CD3, CD8, Ki67, and P53) was analyzed using immunohistochemistry of tissue micro-array sections (TMA). RESULTS Overall, 136 patients were included in the study (n = 72 in the NBC group, n = 33 in the SBC group, and n = 31 in the US group). In the TCC subgroup, the expression of CK7, CK14, CK20, and Ki67 was significantly higher compared to US controls (p 0.002; p < 0.001; p 0.036; p < 0.001). In the SCC subgroup, the expression of CK7, CK14, and CK20 was significantly higher compared to US controls (p 0.007; p < 0.001; p 0.005). Both in TCC and SCC subgroups, no difference in the expression of any tested markers was found comparing NBC and SBC groups. In US group, a significant higher expression of STAG2 was found compared to SCC subgroup (p 0.005). CONCLUSION Based on our results, the profile of immunohistochemical biomarkers' expression in both NBC and SBC groups is similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Cancrini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza Univeristà di Roma, Sant 'Andrea University Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy. .,Sorbonne University, GRC n°5, ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Floriane Michel
- Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France.,Sorbonne University, GRC n°5, ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Cussenot
- Sorbonne University, GRC n°5, ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Hussa Alshehhi
- Sorbonne University, GRC n°5, ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP. Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Eva Comperat
- Sorbonne University, GRC n°5, ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP. Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Phé
- Sorbonne University, GRC n°5, ONCOTYPE-URO, Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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15
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Wang Z, So WZ, Loh KY, Lim YK, Mahendran R, Wu QH, Chiong E. Predictive biomarkers of response to bacillus Calmette‐Guérin immunotherapy and bacillus Calmette‐Guérin failure for non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer. Int J Urol 2022; 29:807-815. [PMID: 35598896 PMCID: PMC9543886 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Within the heterogeneous population of patients with bacillus Calmette‐Guérin failure, there are clear differences in prognosis and therapy with regard to the timeline when bacillus Calmette‐Guérin failure occurred. There are a variety of classifications which include bacillus Calmette‐Guérin refractory disease, relapsing, unresponsive, and intolerant. Further profiling of these patients may help to shed light on other forms of therapy that are less radical. We hereby summarize the different biomarkers that predicts for response to bacillus Calmette‐Guérin immunotherapy and bacillus Calmette‐Guérin failure for non‐muscle invasive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziting Wang
- Department of Urology National University Hospital Singapore
| | - Wei Zheng So
- Department of Urology National University Hospital Singapore
| | - Kep Yong Loh
- Department of Internal Medicine Singapore General Hospital Singapore
| | - Yew Koon Lim
- Department of Urology National University Hospital Singapore
| | - Ratha Mahendran
- Department of Urology National University Hospital Singapore
| | - Qing Hui Wu
- Department of Urology National University Hospital Singapore
| | - Edmund Chiong
- Department of Urology National University Hospital Singapore
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16
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Huan J, Grivas P, Birch J, Hansel DE. Emerging Roles for Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Complexes in Bladder Cancer Progression and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1555. [PMID: 35326708 PMCID: PMC8946148 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates important cellular functions. Aberrant activation of this pathway, either through upstream activation by growth factors, loss of inhibitory controls, or molecular alterations, can enhance cancer growth and progression. Bladder cancer shows high levels of mTOR activity in approximately 70% of urothelial carcinomas, suggesting a key role for this pathway in this cancer. mTOR signaling initiates through upstream activation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) and results in activation of either mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) or mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). While these complexes share several key protein components, unique differences in their complex composition dramatically alter the function and downstream cellular targets of mTOR activity. While significant work has gone into analysis of molecular alterations of the mTOR pathway in bladder cancer, this has not yielded significant benefit in mTOR-targeted therapy approaches in urothelial carcinoma to date. New discoveries regarding signaling convergence onto mTOR complexes in bladder cancer could yield unique insights the biology and targeting of this aggressive disease. In this review, we highlight the functional significance of mTOR signaling in urothelial carcinoma and its potential impact on future therapy implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianya Huan
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (J.H.); (J.B.)
| | - Petros Grivas
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Jasmine Birch
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (J.H.); (J.B.)
| | - Donna E. Hansel
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (J.H.); (J.B.)
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17
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Fang S, Liu Y, Dai H, Gao T, Zeng L, Sun R, Zheng Z, Yuan J, Xia B, Pan Y. Association of metabolic syndrome and the risk of bladder cancer: A prospective cohort study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:996440. [PMID: 36263231 PMCID: PMC9574437 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.996440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components have been shown as risk factors for several solid cancers. However, current epidemiological evidence about the relevance of MetS and bladder cancer risk was limited. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of 476,986 participants with undiagnosed bladder cancer based on the UK Biobank. MetS was defined as the presence of at least three of the five selected indicators: hypertension, central obesity, raised triglyceride, reduced HDL-cholesterol, and raised fasting plasma glucose. Bladder cancer has been identified through contact with the British Cancer Registry (median follow-up time: 6.6 years). We assessed hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) through Cox proportional hazard regression after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors. Non-linear associations for individual MetS components were assessed by the restricted cubic spline method. Results During a follow-up of 3,112,566 person-years, 487 cases of bladder cancer were ascertained. MetS (HR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08-1.61), central obesity (HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.15-1.68), dyslipidemia for HDL cholesterol (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.04-1.66), and hyperglycemia (HR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.16-1.79) were associated with elevated risk of bladder cancer. Bladder cancer risk increased with the number of MetS components. In stratified analyses, MetS showed similar effects in bladder cancer independently with sex, age, cigarette and alcohol use, physical activity, and dietary factors. Higher waist circumference, BMI, fasting blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin were independently associated with increased risk of bladder cancer, with no evidence against non-linearity. Conclusion MetS might be an independent risk factor for bladder cancer. Our findings highlighted the importance of individualized management of MetS components for preventing bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Fang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huiru Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tianshun Gao
- Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Leli Zeng
- Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Centre for Clinical Research and Biostatistics, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zilong Zheng
- Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinqiu Yuan
- Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Clinical Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Clinical Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yihang Pan
- Big Data Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Precision Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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18
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Lokeshwar SD, Press BH, Nie J, Klaassen Z, Kenney PA, Leapman MS. Cachexia and bladder cancer: clinical impact and management. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2021; 15:260-265. [PMID: 34698663 DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to describe the causes, management, and clinical outcomes associated with cachexia and related components including sarcopenia, among patients with bladder cancer (BCa). RECENT FINDINGS Cachexia in patients with BCa is associated with poorer outcomes after radical cystectomy (RC), radiation, and chemotherapy. Nutritional supplements and novel pharmaceutical agents including magnolol, flucoidan and Anamorelin are currently undergoing investigation for their potential use in BCa patients with cachexia. SUMMARY Cachexia is a hypercatabolic state thought to be caused by an immune-regulated release of cytokines and disruptions of molecular pathways within the tumor microenvironment and systemically. Nutritional deficiencies in patients with BCa also contribute to cachexia and sarcopenia. Patients with BCa -related cachexia and sarcopenia experience worse survival and therapeutic outcomes after RC, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Patients with cachexia also experience more postoperative complications after RC. The management of cachexia in patients with BCa remains challenging and requires timely identification, and multidisciplinary management including nutritional supplementation, physical therapy, palliative care, and pharmacological agents. Clinical trials and human studies are still required to determine which pharmacological agents are optimal for BCa cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soum D Lokeshwar
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Benjamin H Press
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - James Nie
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Zachary Klaassen
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Patrick A Kenney
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Michael S Leapman
- Department of Urology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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19
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Grossmann NC, Schuettfort VM, Pradere B, Rajwa P, Quhal F, Mostafaei H, Laukhtina E, Mori K, Motlagh RS, Aydh A, Katayama S, Moschini M, Fankhauser CD, Hermanns T, Abufaraj M, Mun DH, Zimmermann K, Fajkovic H, Haydter M, Shariat SF. Impact of preoperative systemic immune-inflammation Index on oncologic outcomes in bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. Urol Oncol 2021; 40:106.e11-106.e19. [PMID: 34810077 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the predictive and prognostic value of the preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for clinically non-metastatic urothelial cancer of the bladder (UCB). METHODS Overall, 4,335 patients were included, and the cohort was stratified in two groups according to SII using an optimal cut-off determined by the Youden index. Uni- and multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses were performed, and the discriminatory ability by adding SII to a reference model based on available clinicopathologic variables was assessed by area under receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) and concordance-indices. The additional clinical net-benefit was assessed using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS High SII was observed in 1879 (43%) patients. On multivariable preoperative logistic regression, high SII was associated with lymph node involvement (LNI; P = 0.004), pT3/4 disease (P <0.001), and non-organ confined disease (NOCD; P <0.001) with improvement of AUCs for predicting LNI (P = 0.01) and pT3/4 disease (P = 0.01). On multivariable Cox regression including preoperative available clinicopathologic values, high SII was associated with recurrence-free survival (P = 0.028), cancer-specific survival (P = 0.005), and overall survival (P = 0.006), without improvement of concordance-indices. On DCAs, the inclusion of SII did not meaningfully improve the net-benefit for clinical decision-making in all models. CONCLUSION High preoperative SII is independently associated with pathologic features of aggressive disease and worse survival outcomes. However, it did not improve the discriminatory margin of a prediction model beyond established clinicopathologic features and failed to add clinical benefit for decision making. The implementation of SII as a part of a panel of biomarkers in future studies might improve decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico C Grossmann
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victor M Schuettfort
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pawel Rajwa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Fahad Quhal
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi Mostafaei
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Keiichiro Mori
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reza S Motlagh
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Teheran, Iran
| | - Abdulmajeed Aydh
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Satoshi Katayama
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Marco Moschini
- Department of Urology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Hermanns
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Dong-Ho Mun
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristin Zimmermann
- Department of Urology, Federal Armed Service Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Harun Fajkovic
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Karl Landsteiner Society, Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Haydter
- Department of Urology, Landesklinikum Wiener Neustadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Karl Landsteiner Society, Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX.
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20
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Kloskowski T, Szeliski K, Krzeszowiak K, Fekner Z, Kazimierski Ł, Jundziłł A, Drewa T, Pokrywczyńska M. Mumio (Shilajit) as a potential chemotherapeutic for the urinary bladder cancer treatment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22614. [PMID: 34799663 PMCID: PMC8604984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01996-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mumio (Shilajit) is a traditional medicinal drug known and used for hundreds of years. Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancer types and better treatments are needed. This study analysed the in vitro effect of Mumio on urinary bladder cancer cells (T24 and 5637) in comparison to normal uroepithelial cells (SV-HUC1). Cytotoxicity of Mumio was analysed in these cell lines via MTT and real-time cell growth assays as well via the assessment of the cytoskeleton, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Mumio affected the viability of both cell types in a time and concentration dependent manner. We observed a selectivity of Mumio against cancer cells. Cell cycle and apoptosis analysis showed that Mumio inhibited G0/G1 or S phase cell cycle, which in turn induced apoptosis. Our results showed that Mumio was significantly more cytotoxic to urinary bladder cancer cells than to normal cells. These results are promising and indicate Mumio as a great candidate for urinary bladder cancer treatment and further investigations should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kloskowski
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - K Szeliski
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - K Krzeszowiak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Z Fekner
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Ł Kazimierski
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - A Jundziłł
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland.,Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - T Drewa
- Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - M Pokrywczyńska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Chair of Urology and Andrology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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21
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Morphological Peculiarities of Parasitic (Trichosomoides crassicauda) Infection in Rat Urinary Bladder. MACEDONIAN VETERINARY REVIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/macvetrev-2021-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Trichosomoides crassicauda (T. crassicauda) is a parasite commonly localized in the urinary bladder (UB) of laboratory and wild rats. The presence of these helminths can influence the prediction of pathological changes in the UB. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to make a comprehensive study of the features of the morphological changes in the UB wall of white laboratory rats as a result of T. crassicauda infestation. The study was performed on male rats using histological (Hematoxyline-Eosin and Alcian Blue staining) and immunohistochemical (Ki-67, Hsp70, Hsp90α, CD3 and CD20) methods. T. crassicauda was detected in both urine and UB samples. Morphological changes were observed as disruption in urothelial cell stratification and insignificant proliferative and immune responses in the UB. Increased heat shock protein levels were observed which may suggest a natural body’s resistance to this parasite.
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22
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Shash LS, Ibrahim RA, Elgohary SA. E-cadherin and N-cadherin Immunohistochemical Expression in Proliferating Urothelial Lesions: Potential Novel Cancer Predictive EMT Profiles. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:657-666. [PMID: 33979097 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cadherin switch (CS) outlined by downregulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of N-cadherin is an established epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) hallmark, being a common signature in wound healing and carcinogenesis. It is intriguing to explore the EMT-associated CS pattern in precancerous phases as well as variably aggressive bladder cancer categories. In this study, we tested CS signified by a reduction in urothelial cells E-cadherin expression and/or aberrant N-cadherin expression in proliferative epithelial changes (PEC) associating inflammation, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Immunohistochemical study of both E-cadherin and N-cadherin was performed for 60 cases: 15 PEC, 8 NMIBC, and 37 MIBC. CS patterns were analyzed: abnormal CS patterns were expressed as deviated, hybrid, co-negative, and full CS patterns. E-cadherin expression was significantly preserved in PEC (86.7%) followed by NMIBC (62.5%) and then MIBC (37.8%) (P=0.004), whereas N-cadherin showed obvious aberrant expression in MIBC (51.4%) as compared with PEC (33.3%) and NMIBC (25%). In the MIBC group, abnormal cadherin patterns were the highest (70.3%) and was associated with adverse prognostic indicators. In the context of NMIBC progression to MIBC, combined E and N-cadherin evaluation showed highest sensitivity (70.3%) and NPV (31.3%), whereas aberrant expression of N-cadherin presented highest specificity (75%) and positive predictive value (90.5%). For cancer prediction, combined E-cadherin and N-cadherin evaluation showed the highest sensitivity (64.4%); abnormal E-cadherin offered highest specificity (86.7%), positive predictive value (92.9%), and negative predictive value (40.6%). In posttherapy follow-up setting, a metastable EMT signature in the form of partial CS was noted and might reflect resistant dormant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lobna S Shash
- Surgical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Suh J, Yuk HD, Jeong CW, Kwak C, Kim HH, Ku JH. Pyuria as a Predictive Marker of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Unresponsiveness in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173764. [PMID: 34501211 PMCID: PMC8432248 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the clinical role of preoperative pyuria for predicting bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) unresponsiveness in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). We performed a logistic regression analysis on 453 patients with NMIBC who were treated with BCG immunotherapy after a transurethral resection of bladder tumours, to evaluate predictive factors of BCG unresponsiveness. We also analysed univariate and multivariable survival data to estimate the prognostic impact of pyuria. Of the total study population, 37.6% (170/453) of patients had BCG unresponsiveness. A multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that a history of upper urinary tract cancer (odds ratio (OR): 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-3.32, p-value = 0.035) and the presence of pyuria (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.01-2.27, p = 0.047) and tumour multiplicity (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.18-2.75, p-value < 0.001) were significant predictors of BCG unresponsiveness. A Cox proportional hazards analysis model showed that pyuria was a significant prognostic factor for progression-free survival (hazard ratio: 4.51, 95% CI: 1.22-16.66, p = 0.024). A history of upper urinary tract cancer and the presence of pyuria and tumour multiplicity are predictive markers of BCG unresponsiveness. For patients with NMIBC who have preoperative pyuria, treatment using BCG should be considered cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungyo Suh
- Department of Urology, Asan Medical Centre, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Hyeong Dong Yuk
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.D.Y.); (C.W.J.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
| | - Chang Wook Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.D.Y.); (C.W.J.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.D.Y.); (C.W.J.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hyeon Hoe Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.D.Y.); (C.W.J.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Ja Hyeon Ku
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (H.D.Y.); (C.W.J.); (C.K.); (H.H.K.)
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2072-2428; Fax: +82-2-742-4665
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24
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Abstract
There are many risk factors for bladder cancer. During an initial assessment of a patient with bladder cancer, a careful discussion and history assessment is important. Particular focus should include social history with details regarding occupational background and discussion of any environmental exposure history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Mossanen
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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25
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Rajendran G, Taylor JA, Woolbright BL. Natural products as a means of overcoming cisplatin chemoresistance in bladder cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:69-84. [PMID: 35582013 PMCID: PMC9019192 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin remains an integral part of the treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer. A large number of patients do not respond to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and efficacious salvage regimens are limited. Immunotherapy has offered a second line of treatment; however, only approximately 20% of patients respond, and molecular subtyping of tumors indicates there may be significant overlap in those patients that respond to cisplatin and those patients that respond to immunotherapy. As such, restoring sensitivity to cisplatin remains a major hurdle to improving patient care. One potential source of compounds for enhancing cisplatin is naturally derived bioactive products such as phytochemicals, flavonoids and others. These compounds can activate a diverse array of different pathways, many of which can directly promote or inhibit cisplatin sensitivity. The purpose of this review is to understand current drug development in the area of natural products and to assess how these compounds may enhance cisplatin treatment in bladder cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganeshkumar Rajendran
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Benjamin L Woolbright
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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26
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Rs-10889677 variant in interleukin-23 receptor may contribute to creating an inflammatory milieu more susceptible to bladder tumourigenesis: report and meta-analysis. Immunogenetics 2021; 73:207-226. [PMID: 33665735 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-021-01205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLC) is a recurrent high-risk malignancy typified by an inherent localised chronic inflammation. IL-23-receptor (IL-23R), as a positive regulator in the priming of T helper-17 cells, is regarded a principal coordinator of inflammation-propelled neoplasia. In this article, we indented firstly to scrutinise the influence of rs10889677"A/C" SNP located in IL-23R-gene on BLC development and progression among Egyptians. Findings revealed that the rs10889677"C" allele was significantly associated with the increased BLC risk and its higher frequencies were plainly noticeable in high-grade and invasive tumours when applied the dominant/homozygous/allelic genetic models. Under the same genetic models, elevated serum levels of IL-23R protein in BLC patients were pertinently correlated with the rs10889677"A/C" polymorphism. As a corollary, the frequent up-regulation of IL-23R exerts a subsequent activation of the IL-23/17 inflammatory axis. That is experienced as a drastic increase in IL-23 and IL17 levels under the dominant/homozygous/heterozygous/recessive models. Second, study further described how the rs10889677 variant confers its pro-tumoural influences on IL-23R-bearing immune cells, involving tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), natural killers (NKs) and CD4+ T-helper cells. When the dominant model was adopted, it was observed that patients bearing the rs10889677 "C" allele had lower counts of IL-23R-positive CD56+NKs and CD4+ T-cells, in tandem with higher levels of IL-23R-positive CD14+ TAMs compared with those with rs10889677 "A" allele. To entrench the idea, we did a meta-analysis on BLC patients from three different ethnicities (Asian, Caucasians and African). We observed that rs10889677"SNP" is significantly correlated with increased risk of BLCs in the overall population using over-dominant model. Consequently, authors suggested that the rs10889677 variant could be directly implicated in developing inflammatory environment more prone to generating malignancy.
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27
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Malik DG, Ferrigni RG, Yang M. Identification of Bladder Diverticular Stone on 99mTc-Methyl Diphosphonate Bone Scintigraphy and SPECT/CT. J Nucl Med Technol 2020; 48:384-385. [DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.120.245175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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28
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Huang X, Tao Y, Gao J, Zhou X, Tang S, Deng C, Lai Z, Lin X, Wang Q, Li T. UBC9 coordinates inflammation affecting development of bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20670. [PMID: 33244139 PMCID: PMC7691338 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of SUMO modification is linked to carcinogenesis. UBC9 is the sole conjugating enzyme in sumoylation and plays a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis and restraining stress reactions. However, the clinical significance and function of UBC9 in bladder cancer remain unclear. In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of UBC9. UBC9 knock-down and SUMO inhibition were conducted followed by proliferation, migration, and cell cycle assays. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used to identify potential mechanisms of UBC9. Cytokine membrane antibody array was used to detect the expression of cytokine. The mass cytometry TOF (CyTOF) was used to explore the association between bladder cancer stem cell-like population and UBC9 expression. Our results showed that UBC9 played a dual role in bladder cancer. UBC9 was up-regulated in bladder cancer, but was negatively correlated with TNM stage and grade. Knocking-down of UBC9 resulted in dramatic activation of inflammatory gene expression, which might cause inhibition of cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. IL6 was the hub gene in UBC9 regulatory network. Markedly up-regulated IL6 after knocking-down of UBC9 activated the expression of CD44, which was a prominent marker of cancer stem cells. Thus, our results revealed an important and previously undescribed role for UBC9 in modulation of inflammatory signaling of bladder cancer. UBC9 in bladder cancer cells is required to maintain high sumoylation levels and alleviate stress-related inflammation threats to cell survival. Lacking UBC9 contributes to inflammation activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell-like population formation, leading to cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuting Tao
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiamin Gao
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xianguo Zhou
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shaomei Tang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Caiwang Deng
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhiyong Lai
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xinggu Lin
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qiuyan Wang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. .,Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Urology and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. .,Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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29
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Al-Sharaky DR, Abdelwahed M, Asaad N, Foda A, Abdou AG. Stratification of urinary bladder carcinoma based on immunohistochemical expression of CK5, CK14 and CK20. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2020; 42:236-251. [PMID: 33213275 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2020.1845726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular subtyping of urothelial carcinoma (UC) is similar to that of breast cancer and is based on the developmental biology approach. The aim of the present study is to assess the prognostic impact of CK5, CK14, and CK20 expression in urinary bladder cancer (UBC) with the potential to stratify them into different subtypes. The current study examined the immunohistochemical expression of CK5, CK14, and CK20 in 90 specimens of UBC. CK5 was expressed in 81.1% of the cases and was significantly associated with old age, muscle invasion, presence of bilharziasis, and tendency for poor overall survival. CK20 was expressed in 47.8% of the cases and was associated with nonmuscle invasion and pure UC while 50% of the cases expressed CK14 that were associated with muscle invasion and perineural invasion. Most squamous cell carcinoma and those associated with bilharziasis were belonged to Ck5+/CK20- subgroup while pure UC and those lacked bilharziasis were located in the Ck5+/CK20+ subgroup. The basal group (Ck5+/CK14+/CK20-) showed high proliferative features compared to the intermediate group (Ck5+/CK14-/CK20-). Generally, presence of CK5 is associated with adverse features especially in the group lacking CK20; however, basal and intermediate subgroups share CK5 expression but they show different proliferative capacities, so their distinction by CK14 is helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia R Al-Sharaky
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
| | - Moshira Abdelwahed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
| | - Nancy Asaad
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
| | - Amira Foda
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Gaber Abdou
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebein Elkom, Egypt
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30
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Wang J, Shen C, Dong D, Zhong X, Wang Y, Yang X. Identification and verification of an immune-related lncRNA signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107146. [PMID: 33189610 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have revealed the significant roles of immune-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer development and progression. The identification of biomarkers that contribute to early detection and risk stratification provides significant benefits for bladder cancer (BC) patients. The current study aimed to determine an immune-related lncRNA signature for predicting the prognosis of BC patients. METHODS Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we identified seven immune-related lncRNAs with prognostic value. The predictive value of the prognostic signature developed from immune-related lncRNAs was assessed by survival and nomogram analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to visualize gene expression patterns in the groups defined by the risk score, and the immune composition and purity of the tumor were evaluated by the ESTIMATE algorithm. RESULTS Based on the Pearson correlation analysis results, 765 immune-related lncRNAs were filtered (|R| > 0.4, P < 0.001), and seven immune-related lncRNAs (Z84484.1, AC009120.2, AL450384.2, AC024060.1, TNFRSF14-AS1, AL354919.2, OCIAD1-AS1) with prognostic value were finally identified. Patients in the low-risk group had a better prognosis than those in the high-risk group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the signature was an independent prognostic factor. A prognostic nomogram with clinical features and the signature of seven immune-related lncRNAs was also constructed. According to the PCA and ESTIMATE algorithm results, we found different immune statuses in the low-and high-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that the signature of seven immune-related lncRNAs can be used as a prognostic marker for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chengquan Shen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Dahai Dong
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiulong Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaokun Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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31
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El-Gedamy M, El-Khayat Z, Abol-Enein H, El-Said A, El-Nahrery E. Rs-1884444 G/T variant in IL-23 receptor is likely to modify risk of bladder urothelial carcinoma by regulating IL-23/IL-17 inflammatory pathway. Cytokine 2020; 138:155355. [PMID: 33187815 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) is a chronic relapsing urological malignancy, which poses a serious threat to human life. Non-resolving chronic-inflammation at the neoplastic site is associated consistently with inducing tumor-progression and poor patient outcomes. Interleukin 23 receptor (IL-23R) is a key element in T-helper 17 cell-mediated inflammatory process, that plays a critical role in orchestrating tumor-promoting inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that potentially functional genetic variant rs1884444 G/T of IL-23R may modify BUC risk. To validate this hypothesis, our findings demonstrated that the rs1884444 G/T variant was significantly associated with a reduced risk of BUC compared to controls observed under allelic (T vs. G) and dominant (GT + TT vs. GG) models (P < 0.05). In addition, the frequency of the T-allele has dropped to very low values in the case of high-grades and invasive-tumors (P < 0.05). Thus, T-allele has emerged as a reliable genetic marker for good prognosis of BUC. In tumorgenesis, the binding-affinity of the receptor seemed to be distorted by the effect of the non-conservative G/T variation, which in turn caused the IL-23/IL-17 pathway to be disabled. This was recognized by low levels of IL-23 and IL-17 in the serum of patients, under the influence of all the tested genetic models (P < 0.01). Results also indicated that the level of the receptor-bearing immune cells could be altered in response to the G/T protective effect. For example, the median counts of T-helper CD4+ cells and CD56+ natural killers increased significantly in conjunction with the decrease in the median count of CD14+ tumor-associated-macrophages under the dominant model. Nevertheless, the causative link between this subtle polymorphism and the immune-surveillance against BUC needs further in-depth investigation. Overall, we concluded that the rs-1884444 G/T variant is highly-associated with a reduction in the BUC risk, which may occur via deregulation of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El-Gedamy
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry branch), Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Zakaria El-Khayat
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hassan Abol-Enein
- Division of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Afaf El-Said
- Genetics Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Eslam El-Nahrery
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry branch), Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.
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A Methylation-Based Reclassification of Bladder Cancer Based on Immune Cell Genes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12103054. [PMID: 33092083 PMCID: PMC7593922 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12103054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bladder cancer (BC) development is highly related to immune cell infiltration. In this study, we aimed to construct a new classification of bladder cancer molecular subtypes based on immune-cell-associated CpG(Methylation) sites. The classification was accurate and stable. BC patients were successfully divided into three subtypes based on the immune-cell-associated CpG sites. The clinicopathologic features, distribution of immune cells, level of expression of checkpoints, stromal score, immune score, ESTIMATEScore, tumor purity, APC co_inhibition, APC co_stimulation, HLA, MHC class_I, Type I IFN_respons, Type II IFN response, and DNA stemness score (DNAss) presented significant differences among the three subgroups. The specific genomic alteration was also different across subgroups. High-level immune infiltration showed a correlation with high-level methylation. A lower RNA stemness score (RNAss) was associated with higher immune infiltration. Cluster 2 demonstrated a better response to chemotherapy. The anti-cancer targeted drug therapy results are different among the three subgroups. Abstract Background: Bladder cancer is highly related to immune cell infiltration. This study aimed to develop a new classification of BC molecular subtypes based on immune-cell-associated CpG sites. Methods: The genes of 28 types of immune cells were obtained from previous studies. Then, methylation sites corresponding to immune-cell-associated genes were acquired. Differentially methylated sites (DMSs) were identified between normal samples and bladder cancer samples. Unsupervised clustering analysis of differentially methylated sites was performed to divide the sites into several subtypes. Then, the potential mechanism of different subtypes was explored. Results: Bladder cancer patients were divided into three groups. The cluster 3 subtype had the best prognosis. Cluster 1 had the poorest prognosis. The distribution of immune cells, level of expression of checkpoints, stromal score, immune score, ESTIMATEScore, tumor purity, APC co_inhibition, APC co_stimulation, HLA, MHC class_I, Type I IFN Response, Type II IFN Response, and DNAss presented significant differences among the three subgroups. The distribution of genomic alterations was also different. Conclusions: The proposed classification was accurate and stable. BC patients could be divided into three subtypes based on the immune-cell-associated CpG sites. Specific biological signaling pathways, immune mechanisms, and genomic alterations were varied among the three subgroups. High-level immune infiltration was correlated with high-level methylation. The lower RNAss was associated with higher immune infiltration. The study of the intratumoral immune microenvironment may provide a new perspective for BC therapy.
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Cacciamani GE, Nassiri N, Varghese B, Maas M, King KG, Hwang D, Abreu A, Gill I, Duddalwar V. Radiomics and Bladder Cancer: Current Status. Bladder Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.3233/blc-200293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE: To systematically review the current literature and discuss the applications and limitations of radiomics and machine-learning augmented radiomics in the management of bladder cancer. METHODS: Pubmed ®, Scopus ®, and Web of Science ® databases were searched systematically for all full-text English-language articles assessing the impact of Artificial Intelligence OR Radiomics OR Machine Learning AND Bladder Cancer AND (staging OR grading OR prognosis) published up to January 2020. RESULTS: Of the 686 articles that were identified, 13 studies met the criteria for quantitative analysis. Staging, Grading and Tumor Classification, Prognosis, and Therapy Response were discussed in 7, 3, 2 and 7 studies, respectively. Data on cost of implementation were not reported. CT and MRI were the most common imaging approaches. CONCLUSION: Radiomics shows potential in bladder cancer detection, staging, grading, and response to therapy, thereby supporting the physician in personalizing patient management. Extension and validation of this promising technology in large multisite prospective trials is warranted to pave the way for its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni E. Cacciamani
- USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nima Nassiri
- USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bino Varghese
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marissa Maas
- USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin G. King
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Darryl Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andre Abreu
- USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Inderbir Gill
- USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vinay Duddalwar
- USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Kisipan ML, Ojoo RO, Kanui TI, Abelson KSP. Imiquimod does not elicit inflammatory responses in the skin of the naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber). BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:416. [PMID: 32891181 PMCID: PMC7487461 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber) has recently attracted interest in biomedical research due to its exceptional longevity, cancer resistance and tolerance to potentially harmful conditions or stimuli. Given its unique attributes, this study was designed to characterize inflammatory skin reactions of this animal to topical application of imiquimod, a toll-like receptor 7 and 8 agonist that triggers psoriasis-like skin reaction. Results Imiquimod did not cause the expected psoriasis-like skin changes. There was no epidermal thickening and a straight epidermo-dermal boundary was maintained. There was no parakeratosis and the granular layer of epidermis was well formed. In the dermis, there was no leukocyte infiltration. This points to an exceptional nature of inflammatory/immune responses of this animal, but the mechanism could not be explained by our results. Naked mole rat could be a valuable negative model for studying psoriasis and other inflammatory skin conditions but as a prerequisite, there is need for further investigations to establish the mechanisms behind its lack of response to imiquimod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosiany Letura Kisipan
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology, Egerton University, Egerton, P.O. Box 536, Nakuru, 20115, Kenya. .,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rodi Omondi Ojoo
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Titus I Kanui
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, South Eastern Kenya University, P.O. Box 170, Kitui, 90200, Kenya
| | - Klas S P Abelson
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Gakis G, Hassan FN, Schmid MA, Ölschläger M, Hackenberg S, Stenzl A, Renninger M. Prognostic significance of previous tonsillectomy after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Scand J Urol 2020; 54:297-303. [PMID: 32500778 DOI: 10.1080/21681805.2020.1773530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: To examine whether previous tonsillectomy (TE) impacts on survival after radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (BC).Patients and Methods: A total of 320 patients were staged cM0 and underwent RC for BC between 2002 and 2013. We retrospectively investigated whether patients had undergone TE prior to RC. Chi-square/Fisher-Exact test was carried out to compare clinicopathological features between the TE- and non-TE-group. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test was used to estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS) and multivariable Cox-regression analysis of risk factors of recurrence. The median follow-up was 31 months (interquartile range: 9-54).Results: A history of TE was present in 18 of the 320 patients (5.6%). All TEs were performed for benign conditions. TE prior to RC was associated with a history of appendectomy (p = 0.045), lower age at RC (p = 0.029), tumor unifocality (p < 0.001), advanced histopathological tumor stage (p = 0.015), non-pure urothelial carcinoma (p = 0.025), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.035) and receipt of palliative chemotherapy (p = 0.004). The 3-year RFS was 39.2% for patients with previous TE and 62.4% for those without (p = 0.008). In multivariable analysis, adjusted for all significant parameters of univariable analysis, lymph-node tumor involvement (p = 0.017), positive surgical margins (p = 0.047), tumor grade (p = 0.032), advanced tumor stage (≥pT3a; p = 0.049) and a history of TE (p = 0.021) remained independent prognosticators of recurrence.Conclusion: In this series, previous TE was an independent predictor of recurrence after RC for BC. Further studies are needed to assess whether TE induces immunological alterations that might exert adverse effects on cancer progression of patients with invasive BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Gakis
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians University, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Department of Urology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Fahmy Nabil Hassan
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians University, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Department of Urology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Alexander Schmid
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus Ölschläger
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Hackenberg
- Department of ENT, University Hospital of Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians University, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Markus Renninger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Eberhard-Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
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Ferro M, Katalin MO, Buonerba C, Marian R, Cantiello F, Musi G, Di Stasi S, Hurle R, Guazzoni G, Busetto GM, Del Giudice F, Perdonà S, Del Prete P, Mirone V, Borghesi M, Porreca A, Artibani W, Bove P, Lima E, Autorino R, Crisan N, Abu Farhan AR, Battaglia M, Ditonno P, Serretta V, Russo GI, Terracciano D, di Lorenzo G, Damiano R, Sonpavde G, Vartolomei MD, de Cobelli O, Lucarelli G. Type 2 diabetes mellitus predicts worse outcomes in patients with high-grade T1 bladder cancer receiving bacillus Calmette-Guérin after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:459-464. [PMID: 32173242 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this multicenter study was to investigate the prognostic role of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) comorbidity in a large multi-institutional cohort of patients with primary T1HG/G3 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) treated with transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1,172 patients with primary T1 HG/G3 who had NMIBC on re-TURB and who received adjuvant intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy with maintenance were included. Endpoints were recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival. RESULTS A total of 231 (19.7%) of patients had T2DM prior to TURB. Five-year recurrence-free survival estimates were 12.5% in patients with T2DM compared to 36% in patients without T2DM, P < 0.0001. Five-year PFS estimates were 60.5% in patients with T2DM compared to 70.2% in patients without T2DM, P = 0.003. T2DM was independently associated with disease recurrence (hazard ratio = 1.41; 95% confidence interval = 1.20-1.66, P < 0.001) and progression (hazard ratio = 1.27; 95% confidence interval = 0.99-1.63, P < 0.001), after adjusting for other known predictive factors such as tumor size, multifocality, T1G3 on re-TURB, body mass index, lymphovascular invasion, and neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio. CONCLUSIONS Given the potential implications for management, prospective validation of this finding along with translational studies designed to investigate the underlying biology of such an association are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martha Orsolya Katalin
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- CRTR Rare Tumors Reference Center, AOU Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Environment & Health Operational Unit, Zoo-prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy
| | - Raluca Marian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Francesco Cantiello
- Department of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gennaro Musi
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Savino Di Stasi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vegata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Hurle
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | - Giorgio Guazzoni
- Department of Urology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | | | | | - Sisto Perdonà
- Uro-Gynecological Department, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione "G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Del Prete
- Scientific Directorate, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione "G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Borghesi
- Department of Urology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelo Porreca
- Department of Robotic Urologic Surgery, Abano Terme Hospital, Abano Terme, Italy
| | - Walter Artibani
- Department of Robotic Urologic Surgery, Abano Terme Hospital, Abano Terme, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Bove
- Division of Urology, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Urology Unit, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Estevao Lima
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Nicolae Crisan
- Department of Urology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Haţieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Michele Battaglia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Serretta
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe di Lorenzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy; Department of Medicine, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Rocco Damiano
- Department of Urology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Guru Sonpavde
- Genitourinary Oncology Section, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Mihai Dorin Vartolomei
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Ottavio de Cobelli
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Chanphai P, Cloutier F, Oufqir Y, Leclerc MF, Eiján AM, Reyes-Moreno C, Bérubé G, Tajmir-Riahi HA. Biomolecular study and conjugation of two para-aminobenzoic acid derivatives with serum proteins: drug binding efficacy and protein structural analysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:79-90. [PMID: 31980010 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1719889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Two aminobenzoic acid derivatives DAB-0 and DAB-1 showed distinct biological properties on murine bladder cancer (BCa) cell line MB49-I. In contrast to DAB-1, DAB-0 does not possess any anti-inflammatory activity and is less toxic. Furthermore, DAB-0 does not interfere with INFγ-induced STAT1 activation and TNFα-induced IκB phosphorylation, while DAB-1 does. In order to rationalize these results, the binding efficacy of DAB-0 and DAB-1 with serum proteins such a human serum albumin (HSA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG) was investigated in aqueous solution at physiological pH. Multiple spectroscopic methods and thermodynamic analysis were used to determine the binding efficacy of DAB-0 and DAB-1 with serum proteins. Drug-protein conjugation was observed via through ionic contacts. DAB-1 forms stronger adducts than DAB-0, while β-LG shows more affinity with the order of stability β-LG > BSA > HSA. The stronger complexation of DAB-1 with serum proteins might account for its biological potential and transport in the blood. The binding efficacy ranged from 40 to 60%. Major alterations of protein secondary structures were detected upon drug complexation. Serum proteins are capable of delivering DAB-1 in vitro.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chanphai
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - F Cloutier
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Y Oufqir
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - M-F Leclerc
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - A M Eiján
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad De Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Reyes-Moreno
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - G Bérubé
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - H A Tajmir-Riahi
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
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Li D, Jiao W, Liang Z, Wang L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Liang Y, Niu H. Variation in energy metabolism arising from the effect of the tumor microenvironment on cell biological behaviors of bladder cancer cells and endothelial cells. Biofactors 2020; 46:64-75. [PMID: 31580525 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor energy metabolism and angiogenesis play significant roles in tumor genesis and development, while the effect of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which tumors rely on, is always ignored. In this research, we cocultured bladder cancer (BC) T24 cells with tumor-associated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions and detected proliferation, migration, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis to reveal the energy metabolism characteristics and their effect on cell biological behaviors (CBBs) in the TME. Compared with single-cultured cells, both cocultured T24 cells and HUVECs showed poor proliferation and migration in hypoxic environment, and OXPHOS was activated in cocultured T24 cells but weakened in cocultured HUVECs. However, in normoxic environment, cocultured T24 cells grew much faster while cocultured HUVECs grew slower compared with single-cultured cells. Additionally, glycolysis played a crucial role in energy metabolism and was inhibited in cocultured T24 cells but activated in cocultured HUVECs. In normoxic TME, OXPHOS take main responsibility of energy metabolism. T24 cells exhibited increased proliferation and migration with HUVECs support. In hypoxic TME, glycolysis may be the primary energy supply pathway. T24 cells then exhibit suppressed proliferation and migration, while HUVECs tend to promote angiogenesis to adapt to the harsh TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
| | - Wei Jiao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
| | - Zhijuan Liang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
| | - Yuanbin Chen
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
| | - Ye Liang
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
| | - Haitao Niu
- Key Laboratory, Department of Urology and Andrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shi, Shandong Sheng, China
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Girouard J, Belgorosky D, Hamelin-Morrissette J, Boulanger V, D'Orio E, Ramla D, Perron R, Charpentier L, Van Themsche C, Eiján AM, Bérubé G, Reyes-Moreno C. Molecular therapy with derivatives of amino benzoic acid inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in murine models of bladder cancer through inhibition of TNFα/NFΚB and iNOS/NO pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 176:113778. [PMID: 31877271 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive form of urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) with poorer outcomes compared to the non-muscle invasive form (NMIBC). Higher recurrent rates and rapid progression after relapse in UBC is known to be linked with chronic inflammation. Here, the preclinical murine models of NMIBC (MB49) and MIBC (MB49-I) were used to assess the antitumor effects of DAB-1, an anti-inflammatory aminobenzoic acid derivative we have developed in order to target cancer-related inflammation. A subchronic toxicity study on cancer-free mice shown that DAB-1 treatment did not affect normal mouse development or normal function of vital organs. In mice bearing MB49-I tumors, whole body accumulation of the radioconjugate [131I]DAB-1 was higher than in control mice, the main sites of [131I]DAB-1 accumulation being the liver (34%), the intestines (21%), and the tumors (18%). In vivo molecular therapy of ectopic and orthotopic tumors indicated that treatment with DAB-1 efficiently inhibited tumor growth, metastasis formation, and mortality rate. The antitumor efficacy of DAB-1 was associated with strong decreased tumor cell proliferation and iNOS expression in tumor tissues and deactivation of macrophages from tumor-bearing mice. Mechanistic investigations revealed that DAB-1 efficiently inhibited i) TNFα/NFΚB and IL6/STAT3 signaling pathways activation; ii) TNFα-induced NO production by decreasing NFΚB transcriptional activation and functional iNOS expression; and iii) cellular proliferation with minimal or no effects on cell mortality or apoptosis. In conclusion, this study provides preclinical and biological/mechanistic data highlighting the potential of DAB-1 as a safe and efficient therapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with NMIBC and MIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Girouard
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Denise Belgorosky
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada; Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Investigación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jovane Hamelin-Morrissette
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Valerie Boulanger
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Ernesto D'Orio
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Diagnóstico por Imágenes y Terapia Radiante, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Djamel Ramla
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Histologie et Pathologie (LRHP), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Robert Perron
- Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire Régional de Trois-Rivières-Service de pathologie, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Charpentier
- Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire Régional de Trois-Rivières-Service de pathologie, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Céline Van Themsche
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Ana Maria Eiján
- Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Área de Investigación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gervais Bérubé
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Chimie Médicinale (LRCM) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de chimie, biochimie et physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Carlos Reyes-Moreno
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Oncologie et Immunobiologie (LROI) et Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire (GRSC), Département de biologie médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.
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Lee HY, Chen YJ, Chang WA, Li WM, Ke HL, Wu WJ, Kuo PL. Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) on Urinary Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma-Next-Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55120768. [PMID: 31805718 PMCID: PMC6955913 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55120768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Bladder urothelial carcinoma is the most common type of genitourinary cancer. Patients with bladder cancer may have limited treatment efficacy related to drug toxicity, resistance or adverse effects, and novel therapeutic strategies to enhance treatment efficacy or increase sensitivity to drugs are of high clinical importance. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenolic compound found in green tea leaves, and a potential anti-cancer agent in various cancer types through modulating and regulating multiple signaling pathways. The current study aimed to explore the role and novel therapeutic targets of EGCG on bladder urothelial carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The BFTC-905 cells, human urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) cell line, were treated with EGCG or water for 24 hours, and the expression profiles of mRNAs and microRNAs were analyzed using next generation sequencing (NGS). The enriched biological functions were determined using different bioinformatics databases. Results: A total of 108 differentially expressed genes in EGCG-treated bladder TCC cells were identified, which were mainly involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biogenesis, inflammatory response and oxidation-reduction metabolism. Moreover, several microRNA-mRNA interactions that potentially participated in the response of bladder TCC to EGCG treatment, including miR-185-3p- ARRB1 (arrestin beta 1), miR-3116- MGAT5B (alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase B), miR-31-5p-TNS1 (tensin 1), miR-642a-5p-TNS1, miR-1226-3p- DLG2 (discs large homolog 2), miR-484-DLG2, and miR-22-3p- PPM1K (protein phosphatase 1K). Conclusions: The current findings provide insights into novel therapeutic targets and underlying mechanisms of action of EGCG treatment in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Ying Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-M.L.); (H.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-M.L.); (H.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-M.L.); (H.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-M.L.); (H.-L.K.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (Y.-J.C.); (W.-A.C.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Yizhak K, Aguet F, Kim J, Hess JM, Kübler K, Grimsby J, Frazer R, Zhang H, Haradhvala NJ, Rosebrock D, Livitz D, Li X, Arich-Landkof E, Shoresh N, Stewart C, Segrè AV, Branton PA, Polak P, Ardlie KG, Getz G. RNA sequence analysis reveals macroscopic somatic clonal expansion across normal tissues. Science 2019; 364:364/6444/eaaw0726. [PMID: 31171663 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw0726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
How somatic mutations accumulate in normal cells is poorly understood. A comprehensive analysis of RNA sequencing data from ~6700 samples across 29 normal tissues revealed multiple somatic variants, demonstrating that macroscopic clones can be found in many normal tissues. We found that sun-exposed skin, esophagus, and lung have a higher mutation burden than other tested tissues, which suggests that environmental factors can promote somatic mosaicism. Mutation burden was associated with both age and tissue-specific cell proliferation rate, highlighting that mutations accumulate over both time and number of cell divisions. Finally, normal tissues were found to harbor mutations in known cancer genes and hotspots. This study provides a broad view of macroscopic clonal expansion in human tissues, thus serving as a foundation for associating clonal expansion with environmental factors, aging, and risk of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Yizhak
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jaegil Kim
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Julian M Hess
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kirsten Kübler
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonna Grimsby
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Hailei Zhang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Haradhvala
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Xiao Li
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eila Arich-Landkof
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noam Shoresh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chip Stewart
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ayellet V Segrè
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Ocular Genomics Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip A Branton
- Biorepositories and Biospecimen Research Branch, Cancer Diagnosis Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paz Polak
- Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Gad Getz
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Sottnik JL, Mallaredy V, Chauca-Diaz A, Ritterson Lew C, Owens C, Dancik GM, Pagliarani S, Lucchiari S, Moggio M, Ripolone M, Comi GP, Frierson HF, Clouthier D, Theodorescu D. Elucidating the role of Agl in bladder carcinogenesis by generation and characterization of genetically engineered mice. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:194-201. [PMID: 30403777 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amylo-α-1,6-glucosidase,4-α-glucanotransferase (AGL) is an enzyme primarily responsible for glycogen debranching. Germline mutations lead to glycogen storage disease type III (GSDIII). We recently found AGL to be a tumor suppressor in xenograft models of human bladder cancer (BC) and low levels of AGL expression in BC are associated with poor patient prognosis. However, the impact of low AGL expression on the susceptibility of normal bladder to carcinogenesis is unknown. We address this gap by developing a germline Agl knockout (Agl-/-) mouse that recapitulates biochemical and histological features of GSDIII. Agl-/- mice exposed to N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) had a higher BC incidence compared with wild-type mice (Agl+/+). To determine if the increased BC incidence observed was due to decreased Agl expression in the urothelium specifically, we developed a urothelium-specific conditional Agl knockout (Aglcko) mouse using a Uroplakin II-Cre allele. BBN-induced carcinogenesis experiments repeated in Aglcko mice revealed that Aglcko mice had a higher BC incidence than control (Aglfl/fl) mice. RNA sequencing revealed that tumors from Agl-/- mice had 19 differentially expressed genes compared with control mice. An 'Agl Loss' gene signature was developed and found to successfully stratify normal and tumor samples in two BC patient datasets. These results support the role of AGL loss in promoting carcinogenesis and provide a rationale for evaluating Agl expression levels, or Agl Loss gene signature scores, in normal urothelium of populations at risk of BC development such as older male smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Sottnik
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vandana Mallaredy
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ana Chauca-Diaz
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carolyn Ritterson Lew
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charles Owens
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Garrett M Dancik
- Department of Computer Science, Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, CT, USA
| | - Serena Pagliarani
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Lucchiari
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Moggio
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Ripolone
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, and Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Henry F Frierson
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | - Dan Theodorescu
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Siddiqui Z, Srivastava AN, Sankhwar SN, Zaidi N, Fatima N, Singh S, Yusuf M. Oct-4: a prognostic biomarker of urinary bladder cancer in North India. Ther Adv Urol 2019; 11:1756287219875576. [PMID: 31632462 PMCID: PMC6769204 DOI: 10.1177/1756287219875576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to evaluate Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct-4), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and body mass index (BMI) as independent prognostic biomarkers for prediction of urinary bladder cancer (UBC) outcomes. With the advancement in prognostic biomarker discovery, tumor recurrence is difficult to accurately predict in UBC. UBC is costly to treat due to the requirement of frequent invasive follow-up sessions. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to evaluate good prognostic biomarkers for UBC surveillance. Methods We studied 39 UBC tissue samples. Oct-4 protein expression was evaluated semiquantitatively by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Complete blood count data and body weight as well as the height of the patients were retrieved and recorded before the date of the first transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). The follow-up period was 48 months for recurrence-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results Oct-4 expression profile was found to be significantly associated with gender (p = 0.028), tumor grade (p = 0.038), tumor stage (p = 0.003), lymph node status (p = 0.029), recurrence (p = 0.004), progression (p = 0.011), and treatment modality (p = 0.016). Tumor grade and progression were found significant with NLR values (tumor grade, p = 0.006; progression, p = 0.038) and BMI (tumor grade, p = 0.036; progression, p = 0.014). Moreover, BMI was also significantly associated with UBC recurrence (p = 0.014). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed poor prognosis with both high Oct-4 expression (RFS, p = 0.001; PFS, p = 0.004; OS, p = 0.014) and high NLR values (RFS, p = 0.049; PFS, p = 0.004; OS, p = 0.005). Patients with high BMI too had poor RFS (p = 0.025) and poor PFS (p = 0.032). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis, indicated Oct-4 as an independent prognostic biomarker for RFS (HR = 0.240, 95% CI, 0.072-0.804, p = 0.021). Conclusions We conclude that the expression profile of Oct-4 will be beneficial in prediction of UBC recurrence, and could have profound implications on the development of new therapeutic targets for UBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India; Department of Biotechnology, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Anand N Srivastava
- Department of Pathology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Sarfarazganj, Lucknow-226003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satya N Sankhwar
- Department of Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Noorin Zaidi
- Department of Pathology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Naseem Fatima
- Department of Pathology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shivangi Singh
- Research Metabolic Unit, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Yusuf
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Penticuff JC, Woolbright BL, Sielecki TM, Weir SJ, Taylor JA. MIF family proteins in genitourinary cancer: tumorigenic roles and therapeutic potential. Nat Rev Urol 2019; 16:318-328. [DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li Y, Xing C, Wei M, Wu H, Hu X, Li S, Sun G, Zhang G, Wu B, Zhang F, Li Z. Combining Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV) and CEA Predict Poor Prognosis for Survival Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:1162-1170. [PMID: 30854125 PMCID: PMC6400666 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the common tumors that seriously threaten human health worldwide. Serum tumor markers, including CEA and CA19-9, have become the focus of research on colorectal cancer in recent years. As one of the classic blood test results, RDW is related to the pathological features, diagnosis and prognosis of various cancers in recent studies. We hope to search the correlation between RDW and the pathological features of colorectal cancer through the following studies, explore the potential relationship between RDW and the prognosis of colorectal cancer, and find a more effective prognostic evaluation method by combining other blood markers. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 168 patients with colorectal cancer included in this study, collected their clinical data, tumor pathological features and their preoperative blood test results including RDW value and tumor markers, and grouped them. After 3 and 5 years of follow-up, the recurrence and survival status were defined, and the above data were statistically analyzed. Results: The distribution frequency/rate of abnormal RDW-CV in colorectal cancer patients was significantly increased in the elderly (>62), colon cancer, serosal permeability, lymph node metastasis, stage III and IV, peripheral adhesion (P < 0.05). Furthermore, RDW-CV was significantly positively correlated with abnormal high values of tumor serum markers CEA and CA19-9 (P < 0.05). More importantly, ROC curve analysis found that the abnormal increase in RDW-CV in colorectal cancer was associated with the shortening of DFS and OS in patients who were followed up for 3 and 5 years (P < 0.05). Further combined with CEA, it was found that the prognosis and survival of patients with colorectal cancer in 3 and 5 years were more accurate and effective than independent prediction (AUC of DFS in 3/5years=0.630/0.635, AUC of OS in 3/5 years=0.692/0.652). Conclusion: RDW-CV is correlated with the pathological features of colorectal cancer, indicating a worse malignant tendency of tumor. RDW-CV can independently evaluate the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients, and combined with the high value of CEA, it can effectively indicate the adverse recurrence and survival prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalun Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chengzhong Xing
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huizhe Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoyun Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shanqiong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangwei Sun
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangzhe Zhang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fangxiao Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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High TNFAIP6 level is associated with poor prognosis of urothelial carcinomas. Urol Oncol 2018; 37:293.e11-293.e24. [PMID: 30595463 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory responses affect each stage of carcinogenesis, from initiation, through invasion, to metastasis. Studies have shown that chronic inflammation induced by environmental and occupational exposures increase the risk of developing urothelial carcinoma (UC). Using a published UC transcriptome (GSE32894), we identified that among genes associated with inflammatory response (GO:0006954), TNFAIP6 was significantly upregulated during UC progression. Therefore, we investigated the association of TNFAIP6 with disease features, metastasis and survival in our well-characterized cohort of UC. METHODS We determined TNFAIP6 expression in 340 upper urinary tract UCs (UTUC) and 295 urinary bladder UCs (UBUC) using immunohistochemistry and evaluated the results using H-score. TNFAIP6 expression correlated with clinicopathological features, disease-specific survival, and metastasis-free survival. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS High TNFAIP6 expression was significantly associated with advanced pathological stage, lymph node metastasis, perineural invasion, vascular invasion, and high mitotic activity. Multivariate analysis identified high TNFAIP6 expression as an independent predictor of disease-specific survival (hazard ratio in UTUC: 2.891, P = 0.003; in UBUC: 2.175, P = 0.017) and metastasis-free survival (hazard ratio in UTUC: 3.803, P < 0.001; in UBUC: 3.845, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION High TNFAIP6 expression is associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and poor prognosis in UCs, suggesting it may serve as a novel prognosticator and treatment target. TNFAIP6 immunostaining may be used with current pathological examinations for better risk stratification for UCs.
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Culita DC, Dyakova L, Marinescu G, Zhivkova T, Spasov R, Patron L, Alexandrova R, Oprea O. Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxic Activity of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) Complexes with Nonsteroidal Antiinflamatory Drug Isoxicam as Ligand. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-018-1033-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Molecular profiling analysis for colorectal cancer patients with Pi-Xu or Shi-Re syndrome. Integr Med Res 2018; 8:21-25. [PMID: 30596015 PMCID: PMC6309021 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes (ZHENG in Chinese) constitute the basis of understanding the disorders of patients and guiding the use of the Chinese herbs. Colorectal cancer is divided into various subtypes mainly according to the ZHENG identification. Objective We aimed to determine the molecular basis underlying Pi-Xu (spleen deficiency) and Shi-Re (dampness-heat) ZHENG that are commonly found in colorectal cancer patients. Methods About 80 colorectal cancer patients, including 47 Pi-Xu ZHENG and 33 Shi-Re ZHENG were enrolled. Blood and tissue samples of these patients were available for protein and mRNA expression. The protein expression was determined by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and mRNA profiling was detected by expression microarray. Furthermore, mRNA fold change was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Results The colorectal cancer patients with Shi-Re ZHENG had a poor prognosis, compared with Pi-Xu ZHENG (95% CI: 0.05–0.33; p < 0.0001). Moreover, there was a significant difference in protein expression levels (especially for mutant TP53, PCNA, PD-L1 and Ki-67) among Pi-Xu and Shi-Re ZHENG (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, mRNA expression (especially for wild type TP53, KDM6A, PCNA, PD-L1, Ki-67, CCL-2, IL-1a and COX-2) was also remarkably different between Pi-Xu and Shi-Re groups (p < 0.01). Conclusion Our results suggest that Shi-Re ZHENG conditions may contribute to poor overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer. Compared with Pi-Xu ZHENG, high expression of mutant TP53, PCNA, PD-L1, Ki-67, CCL-2, IL-1a and COX-2 may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer patients displayed Shi-Re ZHENG.
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Sulforaphane as anticancer agent: A double-edged sword? Tricky balance between effects on tumor cells and immune cells. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 71:79-87. [PMID: 30528536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphane (SFN) is a naturally occurring isothiocyanate derived from cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli. It has been reported to inhibit the growth of a variety of cancers, such as breast, prostate, colon, skin, lung, gastric or bladder cancer. SFN is supposed to act primarily as an antioxidant due to the activation of the Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway. This enhances the activity of phase II detoxifying enzymes and the trapping of free radicals. Finally, SFN induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis of tumor cells. Here, we discuss effects of SFN on the immune defense system. In contrast to the situation in tumor cells, SFN acts pro-oxidatively in primary human T cells. It increases intracellular ROS levels and decreases GSH, resulting in inhibition of T cell activation and T cell effector functions. Regarding the use of SFN as an "anticancer agent" we conclude that SFN could act as a double-edged sword. On the one hand it reduces carcinogenesis, on the other hand it blocks the T cell-mediated immune response, the latter being important for immune surveillance of tumors. Thus, SFN could also interfere with the successful application of immunotherapy by immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g. CTLA-4 antibodies and PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies) or CAR T cells. Therefore, a combination of SFN with T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapies does not seem advisable.
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Wang Y, Mandal AK, Son YO, Pratheeshkumar P, Wise JTF, Wang L, Zhang Z, Shi X, Chen Z. Roles of ROS, Nrf2, and autophagy in cadmium-carcinogenesis and its prevention by sulforaphane. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 353:23-30. [PMID: 29885333 PMCID: PMC6281793 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposures to cadmium increase the risk of various cancers, including lung cancer. The carcinogenic mechanism of cadmium, including its prevention remains to be investigated. Using fluorescence and electron spin resonance spin trapping, the present study shows that in immortalized lung cells (BEAS-2BR cells), exposure cadmium generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Through ROS generation, cadmium increased the protein level of TNF-α, which activated NF-κB and its target protein COX-2, creating an inflammatory microenvironment. As measured by anchorage-independent colony formation assay, cadmium induced malignant cell transformation. Inhibition of ROS by antioxidants inhibited transformation, showing that ROS were important in the mechanism of this process. The inflammatory microenvironment created by cadmium may also contribute to the mechanism of the transformation. Using tandem fluorescence protein mCherry-GFP-LC3 construct, the present study shows that cadmium-transformed cells had a property of autophagy deficiency, resulting in accumulation of autophagosomes and increased p62. This protein upregulated Nrf2, which also upregulated p62 through positive feed-back mechanism. Constitutive Nrf2 activation increased its downstream anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, resulting in apoptosis resistance. In untransformed BEAS-2BR cells, sulforaphane, a natural compound, increased autophagy, activated Nrf2, and decreased ROS. In cadmium-transformed BEAS-2BR cells, sulforaphane restored autophagy, decreased Nrf2, and decreased apoptosis resistance. In untransformed cells, this sulforaphane induced inducible Nrf2 to decrease ROS and possibly malignant cell transformation. In cadmium-transformed cells, it decreased constitutive Nrf2 and reduced apoptosis resistance. The dual roles of sulforaphane make this natural compound a valuable agent for prevention against cadmium-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, People's Republic of China; Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Ardhendu Kumar Mandal
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Young-Ok Son
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - James T F Wise
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0305,USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 1095 VA Drive, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, People's Republic of China.
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