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Vašek D, Fikarová N, Marková VN, Honc O, Pacáková L, Porubská B, Somova V, Novotný J, Melkes B, Krulová M. Lipopolysaccharide pretreatment increases the sensitivity of the TRPV1 channel and promotes an anti-inflammatory phenotype of capsaicin-activated macrophages. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:17. [PMID: 38790047 PMCID: PMC11127439 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00391-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is well-established in neuronal function, yet its role in immune reactions remains enigmatic. The conflicting data on its inflammatory role, suggesting both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects upon TRPV1 stimulation in immune cells, adds complexity. To unravel TRPV1 immunomodulatory mechanisms, we investigated how the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin influences lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotypes. RESULTS Changes in the surface molecules, cytokine production, and signaling cascades linked to the phenotype of M1 or M2 macrophages of the J774 macrophage cell line and bone marrow-derived macrophages, treated with capsaicin before or after the LPS-induced inflammatory reaction were determined. The functional capacity of macrophages was also assessed by infecting the stimulated macrophages with the intracellular parasite Leishmania mexicana. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that TRPV1 activation yields distinct macrophage responses influenced by the inflammatory context. LPS pre-treatment followed by capsaicin activation prompted increased calcium influx, accompanied by a shift toward an anti-inflammatory M2b-like polarization state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vašek
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Natálie Fikarová
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Nagy Marková
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Honc
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Pacáková
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Bianka Porubská
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Somova
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novotný
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Melkes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic
| | - Magdaléna Krulová
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague, 2, 128 43, Czech Republic.
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2
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Lu J, Zhang LM, Liu JJ, Liu YT, Lin XY, Wang XQ, Zhang Y, Tang Q, Liu L. High-intensity interval training alleviates exhaustive exercise-induced HSP70-assisted selective autophagy in skeletal muscle. J Physiol Sci 2023; 73:32. [PMID: 37990150 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-023-00884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to probe the effect of chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA) on the maintenance of proteostasis during exhaustive exercise and uncover the alteration of CASA in muscle fibers with pre-high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention-induced muscle adaptation in response to exhaustive exercise. Rats were randomly divided into a control group; an exhaustive exercise group; and an HIIT + exhaustive exercise group. Results show myofibril damage and BiP levels were increased after exhaustive exercise, and the levels of the HSP70, BAG3, ubiquitin, autophagy-related proteins, and their interactions were increased. HIIT intervention before exhaustive exercise could decrease myofibril injury and BiP levels, accompanied by down-regulation of HSP70/BAG3 complex and selective autophagy. In conclusion, exhaustive exercise promotes CASA to clear protein aggregation for keeping proteostasis in muscle fibers; pre-HIIT intervention improves myofibril injury and unfold protein response caused by exhaustive exercise, which might contribute to inhibit the augmentation of CASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Lu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Sport and Health Project, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Liu-Mei Zhang
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yu-Ting Liu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Lin
- School of Sports and Health, Shanghai University·of Sport, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xue-Qi Wang
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Sport and Health Project, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, China.
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3
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Erin N, Szallasi A. Carcinogenesis and Metastasis: Focus on TRPV1-Positive Neurons and Immune Cells. Biomolecules 2023; 13:983. [PMID: 37371563 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Both sensory neurons and immune cells, albeit at markedly different levels, express the vanilloid (capsaicin) receptor, Transient Receptor Potential, Vanilloid-1 (TRPV1). Activation of TRPV1 channels in sensory afferent nerve fibers induces local effector functions by releasing neuropeptides (most notably, substance P) which, in turn, trigger neurogenic inflammation. There is good evidence that chronic activation or inactivation of this inflammatory pathway can modify tumor growth and metastasis. TRPV1 expression was also demonstrated in a variety of mammalian immune cells, including lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils. Therefore, the effects of TRPV1 agonists and antagonists may vary depending on the prominent cell type(s) activated and/or inhibited. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of TRPV1 activity on immune cells and nerve endings in distinct locations is necessary to predict the outcome of therapies targeting TRPV1 channels. Here, we review the neuro-immune modulation of cancer growth and metastasis, with focus on the consequences of TRPV1 activation in nerve fibers and immune cells. Lastly, the potential use of TRPV1 modulators in cancer therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Erin
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
- Immuno-Pharmacology and Immuno-Oncology Unit, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
| | - Arpad Szallasi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
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4
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Boros M, Sóki N, Molnár A, Ábrahám H. Morphological study of the postnatal hippocampal development in the TRPV1 knockout mice. Temperature (Austin) 2023; 10:102-120. [PMID: 37187833 PMCID: PMC10177702 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2023.2167444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel with polymodal sensory function. TRPV1 links to fever, while, according to previous studies on TRPV1 knock-out (KO) mice, the role of the channel in the generation of febrile seizure is debated. In the hippocampal formation, functional TRPV1 channels are expressed by Cajal-Retzius cells, which have a role in guidance of migrating neurons during development. Despite the developmental aspects of febrile seizure as well as of Cajal-Retzius cells, no information is available about the hippocampal development in TRPV1 KO mouse. Therefore, in the present work postnatal development of the hippocampal formation was studied in TRPV1 KO mice. Several morphological characteristics including neuronal positioning and maturation, synaptogenesis and myelination were examined with light microscopy following immunohistochemical detection of protein markers of various neurons, synapses, and myelination. Regarding the cytoarchitectonics, neuronal migration, morphological, and neurochemical maturation, no substantial difference could be detected between TRPV1 KO and wild-type control mice. Our data indicate that synapse formation and myelination occur similarly in TRPV1 KO and in control animals. We have found slightly, but not significantly larger numbers of persisting Cajal-Retzius cells in the KO mice than in controls. Our result strengthens previous suggestion concerning the role of TRPV1 channel in the postnatal apoptotic cell death of Cajal-Retzius cells. However, the fact that the hippocampus of KO mice lacks major developmental abnormalities supports the use of TRPV1 KO in various animal models of diseases and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Boros
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscopic Laboratory, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Noémi Sóki
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscopic Laboratory, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Abigél Molnár
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscopic Laboratory, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Ábrahám
- Department of Medical Biology and Central Electron Microscopic Laboratory, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- Institute for the Psychology of Special Needs, Bárczi Gusztáv Faculty of Special Needs Education, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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5
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Progress in the Structural Basis of thermoTRP Channel Polymodal Gating. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010743. [PMID: 36614186 PMCID: PMC9821180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The thermosensory transient receptor potential (thermoTRP) family of ion channels is constituted by several nonselective cation channels that are activated by physical and chemical stimuli functioning as paradigmatic polymodal receptors. Gating of these ion channels is achieved through changes in temperature, osmolarity, voltage, pH, pressure, and by natural or synthetic chemical compounds that directly bind to these proteins to regulate their activity. Given that thermoTRP channels integrate diverse physical and chemical stimuli, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying polymodal gating has been pursued, including the interplay between stimuli and differences between family members. Despite its complexity, recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy techniques are facilitating this endeavor by providing high-resolution structures of these channels in different conformational states induced by ligand binding or temperature that, along with structure-function and molecular dynamics, are starting to shed light on the underlying allosteric gating mechanisms. Because dysfunctional thermoTRP channels play a pivotal role in human diseases such as chronic pain, unveiling the intricacies of allosteric channel gating should facilitate the development of novel drug-based resolving therapies for these disorders.
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6
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Ma L, Li B, Ma J, Wu C, Li N, Zhou K, Yan Y, Li M, Hu X, Yan H, Wang Q, Zheng Y, Wu Z. Novel discovery of Schisandrin A regulating the interplay of autophagy and apoptosis in oligoasthenospermia by targeting SCF/c-kit and TRPV1 via biosensors. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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7
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Rhee YH, Choi YH, Hu AC, Lee MY, Ahn JC, Kim S, Mo JH, Woo SH, Chung PS. Role of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 in Sonic Hedgehog-Dependent Taste Bud Differentiation. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010075. [PMID: 36676024 PMCID: PMC9862146 DOI: 10.3390/life13010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Taste bud cell differentiation is extremely important for taste sensation. Immature taste bud cells cannot function during taste perception transmission to the nerve. In this study, we investigated whether hedgehog signaling affected taste bud cell differentiation and whether transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) played a key role in dry mouth. The induction of dry mouth due to salivary gland resection (SGR) was confirmed on the basis of reduced salivation and disrupted fungiform papillae. The expression of keratin 8 (K8) of taste bud cells, neurofilament (NF), sonic hedgehog (Shh), and glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) around taste bud cells was downregulated; however, the expression of TRPV1, P2X purinoceptor 3 (P2X3), and hematopoietic stem cell factor (c-Kit) was upregulated at the NF ends in the dry mouth group. To investigate the effect of TRPV1 defect on dry mouth, we induced dry mouth in the TRPV-/- group. The K8, NF, and P2X3 expression patterns were the same in the TRPV1 wild-type and TRPV1-/- dry mouth groups. However, Shh and c-Kit expression decreased regardless of dry mouth in the case of TRPV1 deficiency. These results indicated that TRPV1 positively regulated proliferation during taste bud cell injury by blocking the Shh/Gli1 pathway. In addition, not only cell proliferation but also differentiation of taste bud cells could not be regulated under TRPV1-deficiency conditions. Thus, TRPV1 positively regulates taste bud cell innervation and differentiation; this finding could be valuable in the clinical treatment of dry mouth-related taste dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hee Rhee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Choi
- Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Allison C. Hu
- Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California Irvine, 1002 Health Sciences Rd., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Min Young Lee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwan Kim
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Mo
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Woo
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil-Sang Chung
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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9
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Physiological Overview of the Potential Link between the UPS and Ca2+ Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050997. [PMID: 35624861 PMCID: PMC9137615 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is the main proteolytic pathway by which damaged target proteins are degraded after ubiquitination and the recruit of ubiquitinated proteins, thus regulating diverse physiological functions and the maintenance in various tissues and cells. Ca2+ signaling is raised by oxidative or ER stress. Although the basic function of the UPS has been extensively elucidated and has been continued to define its mechanism, the precise relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling remains unclear. In the present review, we describe the relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling, including Ca2+-associated proteins, to understand the end point of oxidative stress. The UPS modulates Ca2+ signaling via the degradation of Ca2+-related proteins, including Ca2+ channels and transporters. Conversely, the modulation of UPS is driven by increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The multifaceted relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ plays critical roles in different tissue systems. Thus, we highlight the potential crosstalk between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling by providing an overview of the UPS in different organ systems and illuminating the relationship between the UPS and autophagy.
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10
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Li L, Chen C, Xiang Q, Fan S, Xiao T, Chen Y, Zheng D. Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Member 1 Expression Promotes Chemoresistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:773654. [PMID: 35402237 PMCID: PMC8990814 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.773654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 85% of lung cancer cases are non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Chemoresistance is a leading cause of chemotherapy failure in NSCLC treatment. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1), a non-selective cation channel, plays multiple roles in tumorigenesis and tumor development, including tumor cell proliferation, death, and metastasis as well as the response to therapy. In this study, we found TRPV1 expression was increased in NSCLC. TRPV1 overexpression induced cisplatin (DDP) and fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in A549 cells independent of its channel function. TRPV1 expression was upregulated in A549-DDP/5-FU resistant cells, and DDP/5-FU sensitivity was restored by TRPV1 knockdown. TRPV1 overexpression mediated DDP and 5-FU resistance by upregulation of ABCA5 drug transporter gene expression, thereby increasing drug efflux, enhancing homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair pathway to alleviate apoptosis and activating IL-8 signaling to promote cell survival. These findings demonstrate an essential role of TRPV1 in chemoresistance in NSCLC and implicate TRPV1 as a potential chemotherapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yangchao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Duo Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen University International Cancer Center, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Duo Zheng,
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11
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Maggi F, Morelli MB, Tomassoni D, Marinelli O, Aguzzi C, Zeppa L, Nabissi M, Santoni G, Amantini C. The effects of cannabidiol via TRPV2 channel in chronic myeloid leukemia cells and its combination with imatinib. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:1235-1249. [PMID: 34971020 PMCID: PMC8990867 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by accumulation of immature cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Although successful results were obtained with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, several patients showed resistance. For this reason, the identification of new strategies and therapeutic biomarkers represents an attractive goal. The role of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels as possible drug targets has been elucidated in different types of cancer. Among natural compounds known to activate TRPs, cannabidiol (CBD) displays anticancer properties. By using FACS analysis, confocal microscopy, gene silencing, and cell growth assay, we demonstrated that CBD, through TRPV2, inhibits cell proliferation and cell cycle in CML cells. It promoted mitochondria dysfunction and mitophagy as shown by mitochondrial mass reduction and up‐regulation of several mitophagy markers. These effects were associated with changes in the expression of octamer‐binding transcription factor 4 and PU.1 markers regulated during cellular differentiation. Interestingly, a synergistic effect by combining CBD with the standard drug imatinib was found and imatinib‐resistant cells remain susceptible to CBD effects. Therefore, the targeting of TRPV2 by using CBD, through the activation of mitophagy and the reduction in stemness, could be a promising strategy to enhance conventional therapy and improve the prognosis of CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Maggi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Immunopathology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Oliviero Marinelli
- Immunopathology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Cristina Aguzzi
- Immunopathology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Laura Zeppa
- Immunopathology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- Immunopathology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Santoni
- Immunopathology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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12
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Calcium Signaling Regulates Autophagy and Apoptosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082125. [PMID: 34440894 PMCID: PMC8394685 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) functions as a second messenger that is critical in regulating fundamental physiological functions such as cell growth/development, cell survival, neuronal development and/or the maintenance of cellular functions. The coordination among various proteins/pumps/Ca2+ channels and Ca2+ storage in various organelles is critical in maintaining cytosolic Ca2+ levels that provide the spatial resolution needed for cellular homeostasis. An important regulatory aspect of Ca2+ homeostasis is a store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) mechanism that is activated by the depletion of Ca2+ from internal ER stores and has gained much attention for influencing functions in both excitable and non-excitable cells. Ca2+ has been shown to regulate opposing functions such as autophagy, that promote cell survival; on the other hand, Ca2+ also regulates programmed cell death processes such as apoptosis. The functional significance of the TRP/Orai channels has been elaborately studied; however, information on how they can modulate opposing functions and modulate function in excitable and non-excitable cells is limited. Importantly, perturbations in SOCE have been implicated in a spectrum of pathological neurodegenerative conditions. The critical role of autophagy machinery in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases, would presumably unveil avenues for plausible therapeutic interventions for these diseases. We thus review the role of SOCE-regulated Ca2+ signaling in modulating these diverse functions in stem cell, immune regulation and neuromodulation.
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13
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Lu J, Zhou W, Dou F, Wang C, Yu Z. TRPV1 sustains microglial metabolic reprogramming in Alzheimer's disease. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52013. [PMID: 33998138 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202052013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As the brain-resident innate immune cells, reactive microglia are a major pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the exact role of microglia is still unclear in AD pathogenesis. Here, using metabolic profiling, we show that microglia energy metabolism is significantly suppressed during chronic Aβ-tolerant processes including oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis via the mTOR-AKT-HIF-1α pathway. Pharmacological activation of TRPV1 rescues Aβ-tolerant microglial dysfunction, the AKT/mTOR pathway activity, and metabolic impairments and restores the immune responses including phagocytic activity and autophagy function. Amyloid pathology and memory impairment are accelerated in microglia-specific TRPV1-knockout APP/PS1 mice. Finally, we showed that metabolic boosting with TRPV1 agonist decreases amyloid pathology and reverses memory deficits in AD mice model. These results indicate that TRPV1 is an important target regulating metabolic reprogramming for microglial functions in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Dou
- Basic Research Department, Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Govindarajan S, Verheugen E, Venken K, Gaublomme D, Maelegheer M, Cloots E, Gysens F, De Geest BG, Cheng TY, Moody DB, Janssens S, Drennan M, Elewaut D. ER stress in antigen-presenting cells promotes NKT cell activation through endogenous neutral lipids. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e48927. [PMID: 32363653 PMCID: PMC7271650 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201948927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CD1d‐restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells constitute a common glycolipid‐reactive innate‐like T‐cell subset with a broad impact on innate and adaptive immunity. While several microbial glycolipids are known to activate iNKT cells, the cellular mechanisms leading to endogenous CD1d‐dependent glycolipid responses remain largely unclear. Here, we show that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in APCs is a potent inducer of CD1d‐dependent iNKT cell autoreactivity. This pathway relies on the presence of two transducers of the unfolded protein response: inositol‐requiring enzyme‐1a (IRE1α) and protein kinase R‐like ER kinase (PERK). Surprisingly, the neutral but not the polar lipids generated within APCs undergoing ER stress are capable of activating iNKT cells. These data reveal that ER stress is an important mechanism to elicit endogenous CD1d‐restricted iNKT cell responses through induction of distinct classes of neutral lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinath Govindarajan
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eveline Verheugen
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Koen Venken
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Djoere Gaublomme
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Margaux Maelegheer
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Cloots
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,VIB-Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fien Gysens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Biopharmaceutical Technology Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno G De Geest
- Biopharmaceutical Technology Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tan-Yun Cheng
- Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Branch Moody
- Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sophie Janssens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael Drennan
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Elewaut
- Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB-Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Yoon JE, Lee KY, Seok JS, Cheng WN, Kwon HC, Jeong CH, Han SG. Zearalenone Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Modulates the Expression of Phase I/II Enzymes in Human Liver Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 12:E2. [PMID: 31861425 PMCID: PMC7020402 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species; however, its mechanisms of action in human livers have not been fully elucidated. Thus, we investigated the toxic mechanisms of ZEN in human liver cells. HepG2 cells were treated with ZEN (0-40 μg/mL) for up to 24 h. A significant decrease in cell viability was observed after treatment with 20 and 40 μg/mL of ZEN, including a significant increase in apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production. ZEN increased GRP78 and CHOP, and eIF2α phosphorylation, indicating ER stress; elevated transcription of the autophagy-associated genes, beclin1 and LC3, and translation of LC3; and increased phase I metabolism by increasing PXR and CYP3A4. The protein expression level of CYP3A4 was higher with ZEN treatment up to 20 μg/mL, but remained at the control level after treatment with 40 μg/mL ZEN. In phase II metabolism, Nrf2 activation and UGT1A expression were increased with ZEN treatment up to 20 μg/mL. Treating cells with an ER stress inhibitor alleviated ZEN-induced cell death and autophagy, and inhibited the expression of phase I/II enzymes. Overall, high ZEN concentrations can modulate the expression of phase I/II enzymes via ER stress and reduced protein levels in human liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Eun Yoon
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (J.S.S.); (W.N.C.); (H.C.K.); (C.H.J.)
| | - Kwang Yong Lee
- R & D department, Morningbio Co., Ltd., Cheonan 31111, Korea;
| | - Jin Sil Seok
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (J.S.S.); (W.N.C.); (H.C.K.); (C.H.J.)
| | - Wei Nee Cheng
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (J.S.S.); (W.N.C.); (H.C.K.); (C.H.J.)
| | - Hyuk Cheol Kwon
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (J.S.S.); (W.N.C.); (H.C.K.); (C.H.J.)
| | - Chang Hee Jeong
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (J.S.S.); (W.N.C.); (H.C.K.); (C.H.J.)
| | - Sung Gu Han
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (J.E.Y.); (J.S.S.); (W.N.C.); (H.C.K.); (C.H.J.)
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16
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Bedard M, Shrestha D, Priestman DA, Wang Y, Schneider F, Matute JD, Iyer SS, Gileadi U, Prota G, Kandasamy M, Veerapen N, Besra G, Fritzsche M, Zeissig S, Shevchenko A, Christianson JC, Platt FM, Eggeling C, Blumberg RS, Salio M, Cerundolo V. Sterile activation of invariant natural killer T cells by ER-stressed antigen-presenting cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23671-23681. [PMID: 31690657 PMCID: PMC6876220 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1910097116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells have the unique ability to shape immunity during antitumor immune responses and other forms of sterile and nonsterile inflammation. Recent studies have highlighted a variety of classes of endogenous and pathogen-derived lipid antigens that can trigger iNKT cell activation under sterile and nonsterile conditions. However, the context and mechanisms that drive the presentation of self-lipid antigens in sterile inflammation remain unclear. Here we report that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stressed myeloid cells, via signaling events modulated by the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) pathway, increase CD1d-mediated presentation of immunogenic endogenous lipid species, which results in enhanced iNKT cell activation both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we demonstrate that actin cytoskeletal reorganization during ER stress results in an altered distribution of CD1d on the cell surface, which contributes to enhanced iNKT cell activation. These results define a previously unidentified mechanism that controls iNKT cell activation during sterile inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Bedard
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dilip Shrestha
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David A Priestman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yuting Wang
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Falk Schneider
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Juan D Matute
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Shankar S Iyer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Uzi Gileadi
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gennaro Prota
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matheswaran Kandasamy
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Natacha Veerapen
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Egdbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Gurdyal Besra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Egdbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Fritzsche
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, University of Oxford, OX3 7LF Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian Zeissig
- Center for Regenerative Therapies, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrej Shevchenko
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - John C Christianson
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, OX3 7LD Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Frances M Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, OX1 3QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute of Applied Optics and Biophysics, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department of Biophysical Imaging, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technologies e.V., 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Richard S Blumberg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Mariolina Salio
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Cerundolo
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom;
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17
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Bujak JK, Kosmala D, Szopa IM, Majchrzak K, Bednarczyk P. Inflammation, Cancer and Immunity-Implication of TRPV1 Channel. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1087. [PMID: 31681615 PMCID: PMC6805766 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Process of inflammation and complex interactions between immune and cancer cells within tumor microenvironment are known to drive and shape the outcome of the neoplastic disease. Recent studies increasingly show that ion channels can be used as potential targets to modulate immune response and to treat inflammatory disorders and cancer. The action of both innate and adaptive immune cells is tightly regulated by ionic signals provided by a network of distinct ion channels. TRPV1 channel, known as a capsaicin receptor, was recently documented to be expressed on the cells of the immune system but also aberrantly expressed in the several tumor types. It is activated by heat, protons, proinflammatory cytokines, and associated with pain and inflammation. TRPV1 channel is not only involved in calcium signaling fundamental for many cellular processes but also takes part in cell-environment crosstalk influencing cell behavior. Furthermore, in several studies, activation of TRPV1 by capsaicin was associated with anti-cancer effects. Therefore, TRPV1 provides a potential link between the process of inflammation, cancer and immunity, and offers new treatment possibilities. Nevertheless, in many cases, results regarding TRPV1 are contradictory and need further refinement. In this review we present the summary of the data related to the role of TRPV1 channel in the process of inflammation, cancer and immunity, limitations of the studies, and directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Katarzyna Bujak
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daria Kosmala
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Monika Szopa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Majchrzak
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Multifunctional TRPV1 Ion Channels in Physiology and Pathology with Focus on the Brain, Vasculature, and Some Visceral Systems. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5806321. [PMID: 31263706 PMCID: PMC6556840 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5806321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
TRPV1 has been originally cloned as the heat and capsaicin receptor implicated in acute pain signalling, while further research has shifted the focus to its importance in chronic pain caused by inflammation and associated with this TRPV1 sensitization. However, accumulating evidence suggests that, apart from pain signalling, TRPV1 subserves many other unrelated to nociception functions in the nervous system. In the brain, TRPV1 can modulate synaptic transmission via both pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms and there is a functional crosstalk between GABA receptors and TRPV1. Other fundamental processes include TRPV1 role in plasticity, microglia-to-neuron communication, and brain development. Moreover, TRPV1 is widely expressed in the peripheral tissues, including the vasculature, gastrointestinal tract, urinary bladder, epithelial cells, and the cells of the immune system. TRPV1 can be activated by a large array of physical (heat, mechanical stimuli) and chemical factors (e.g., protons, capsaicin, resiniferatoxin, and endogenous ligands, such as endovanilloids). This causes two general cell effects, membrane depolarization and calcium influx, thus triggering depending on the cell-type diverse functional responses ranging from neuronal excitation to secretion and smooth muscle contraction. Here, we review recent research on the diverse TRPV1 functions with focus on the brain, vasculature, and some visceral systems as the basis of our better understanding of TRPV1 role in different human disorders.
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19
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TRPV1 Contributes to Cerebral Malaria Severity and Mortality by Regulating Brain Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9451671. [PMID: 31223430 PMCID: PMC6541938 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9451671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a Ca+2-permeable channel expressed on neuronal and nonneuronal cells, known as an oxidative stress sensor. It plays a protective role in bacterial infection, and recent findings indicate that this receptor modulates monocyte populations in mice with malaria; however, its role in cerebral malaria progression and outcome is unclear. By using TRPV1 wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice, the importance of TRPV1 to this cerebral syndrome was investigated. Infection with Plasmodium berghei ANKA decreased TRPV1 expression in the brain. Mice lacking TRPV1 were protected against Plasmodium-induced mortality and morbidity, a response that was associated with less cerebral swelling, modulation of the brain expression of endothelial tight-junction markers (junctional adhesion molecule A and claudin-5), increased oxidative stress (via inhibition of catalase activity and increased levels of H2O2, nitrotyrosine, and carbonyl residues), and diminished production of cytokines. Plasmodium load was not significantly affected by TRPV1 ablation. Repeated subcutaneous administration of the selective TRPV1 antagonist SB366791 after malaria induction increased TRPV1 expression in the brain tissue and enhanced mouse survival. These data indicate that TRPV1 channels contribute to the development and outcome of cerebral malaria.
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20
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Stressed: The Unfolded Protein Response in T Cell Development, Activation, and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071792. [PMID: 30978945 PMCID: PMC6479341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a highly conserved pathway that allows cells to respond to stress in the endoplasmic reticulum caused by an accumulation of misfolded and unfolded protein. This is of great importance to secretory cells because, in order for proteins to traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), they need to be folded appropriately. While a wealth of literature has implicated UPR in immune responses, less attention has been given to the role of UPR in T cell development and function. This review discusses the importance of UPR in T cell development, homeostasis, activation, and effector functions. We also speculate about how UPR may be manipulated in T cells to ameliorate pathologies.
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21
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Autonomic Nervous System Dysregulation in Monozygous Twins With Nephropathic Cystinosis. Kidney Int Rep 2018; 3:1489-1496. [PMID: 30450477 PMCID: PMC6224624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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22
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Santoni G, Morelli MB, Amantini C, Santoni M, Nabissi M, Marinelli O, Santoni A. "Immuno-Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channels": The Role in Monocyte- and Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1273. [PMID: 29928281 PMCID: PMC5997787 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages play important roles in health and disease. They have a central role in protecting the host, as they clear pathogens and modulate other immune cell functions through the production of regulatory molecules. Their functions include immune surveillance, bacterial killing, tissue remodeling and repair, clearance of cell debris and more. Macrophages can have beneficial and detrimental effects on the outcome of several diseases depending on the microenvironment and the activation state of cells. Over the past few years, there has been an increasing interest in the expression and functions of ion channels, in particular of transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family in immune cells. The 30 members of mammalian TRP channels are subdivided into TRPC, TRPV, TRPM, TRPML, TRPP, and TRPA superfamily, and several members of TRP subfamily have been found to be functionally expressed in monocytes and macrophages. TRP are cation-selective channels that are weakly voltage-sensitive and diversely gated by temperature, mechanical force, electrophiles, ligands, and internal cues, such as membrane composition and pH, contributing to immune and inflammatory responses. The TRP channels play major roles in controlling several monocyte and macrophage functions such as phagocytosis, production of chemokines and cytokines, cell survival, polarization and so forth. In addition, they can also be potential therapeutic targets in a variety of inflammatory diseases. Thus, the goal of this review is to describe the role of TRP channels in the control of monocyte–macrophage functions in inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Santoni
- Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Morelli
- Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Matteo Santoni
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Oliviero Marinelli
- Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.,School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Neuromed I.R.C.C.S. - Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo, Pozzilli, Italy
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