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Buchlak QD, Esmaili N, Moore J. Opportunities for developing neural stem cell treatments for acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and gap analysis. J Clin Neurosci 2024; 120:64-75. [PMID: 38199150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and death. Current treatments are limited. Stem cell therapy has been highlighted as a potentially effective treatment to mitigate damage and restore function, but efficacy results are mixed. This study aimed to systematically review the literature on stem cell therapies for early acute ischemic stroke; and identify opportunities for future research to facilitate the development of an effective stem cell-based treatment. Original research published within the last 10 years that focused on the evaluation of a stem cell-based treatment for acute ischemic stroke in adult patients or subjects was included. Risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE and Cochrane risk of bias tools for animal and human studies, respectively. 3,396 articles were screened, 58 full-text articles were reviewed and 33 met inclusion criteria. Many studies appeared to be at risk of bias. Study designs and results were heterogeneous. Most studies were preclinical and involved stem cell administration within 24 hours. Seven studies tested the effects of multiple administration timepoints and one investigated repeat dosing. Six studies were conducted in humans and stem cell administration ranged from 24 hours to 90 days post stroke. Most studies employed the use of mesenchymal stem cells. The most appropriate cell delivery method appeared to be intra-arterial. Evidence suggests that stem cell therapy may be associated with beneficial effects. A literature gap analysis identified numerous opportunities for treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinlan D Buchlak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nazanin Esmaili
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Justin Moore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Lutfi Ismaeel G, Makki AlHassani OJ, S Alazragi R, Hussein Ahmed A, H Mohamed A, Yasir Jasim N, Hassan Shari F, Almashhadani HA. Genetically engineered neural stem cells (NSCs) therapy for neurological diseases; state-of-the-art. Biotechnol Prog 2023; 39:e3363. [PMID: 37221947 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are multipotent stem cells with remarkable self-renewal potential and also unique competencies to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes (ODCs) and improve the cellular microenvironment. In addition, NSCs secret diversity of mediators, including neurotrophic factors (e.g., BDNF, NGF, GDNF, CNTF, and NT-3), pro-angiogenic mediators (e.g., FGF-2 and VEGF), and anti-inflammatory biomolecules. Thereby, NSCs transplantation has become a reasonable and effective treatment for various neurodegenerative disorders by their capacity to induce neurogenesis and vasculogenesis and dampen neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Nonetheless, various drawbacks such as lower migration and survival and less differential capacity to a particular cell lineage concerning the disease pathogenesis hinder their application. Thus, genetic engineering of NSCs before transplantation is recently regarded as an innovative strategy to bypass these hurdles. Indeed, genetically modified NSCs could bring about more favored therapeutic influences post-transplantation in vivo, making them an excellent option for neurological disease therapy. This review for the first time offers a comprehensive review of the therapeutic capability of genetically modified NSCs rather than naïve NSCs in neurological disease beyond brain tumors and sheds light on the recent progress and prospect in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghufran Lutfi Ismaeel
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq
| | | | - Reem S Alazragi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Hussein Ahmed
- Department of Radiology and Sonar, College of Medical Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Asma'a H Mohamed
- Intelligent Medical Systems Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Nisreen Yasir Jasim
- Collage of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Falah Hassan Shari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
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Dou Y, Shu Y, Wang Y, Jia D, Han Z, Shi B, Chen J, Yang J, Qin Z, Huang S. Combination treatment of Danggui Buxue Decoction and endothelial progenitor cells can enhance angiogenesis in rats with focal cerebral ischemia and hyperlipidemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116563. [PMID: 37121452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD) is a classic prescription of traditional Chinese medicine that is mainly used for treating clinical anemia for more than 800 years. This prescription has been utilized for nourishing "Qi" and enriching "Blood" for women suffering from menopausal symptoms. Meanwhile, DBD has the role of improving angiogenesis and promoting the neuroprotective functions. Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) was suboptimal to treat the focal cerebral ischemia (FCI). Thus, it's may be a novel strategy of DBD combined with EPCs transplantation for the FCI. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the mechanistic effects of DBD in combination with EPCs transplantation to improve behavioral function of the FCI and hyperlipidemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used rats with hyperlipidemia to develop a FCI model using photo-thrombosis, and treated the DBD in combination with EPCs transplantation. We adopted the Modified Neurological Severity Score to evaluate the neurological deficit, undertook the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining to calculate the total infarct volume. We carried out the RT-qPCR, Immunohistochemical analyses, TUNEL, ELISA, and Western blotting to measure the gene and protein levels which related to anti-apoptosis mechanisms and angiogenesis. RESULTS Administration of DBD in combination with EPCs transplantation was found to improve behavioral function, reducing the infarct volume and decrease the level of total-cholesterole (TC) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Treatment of DBD plus EPCs increased the mRNA and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A, fibroblastic growth factor-2, and angiopoietin-1 and decreased the apoptosis of endothelial cells by activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 associated death promoter (PI3K/Akt/BAD) pathway and promoting activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which induced angiogenesis directly. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provided that DBD administration combined with EPCs transplantation promoted reconstruction of nervous function. This was achieved by enhancing expression of the growth factors related to anti-apoptosis mechanisms and angiogenesis thanks to regulation of the PI3K/Akt/BAD and ERK signaling pathways, and might be relate to the lowering of TC and LDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Dou
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Yue Shu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Yaoyu Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Dan Jia
- Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510240, PR China
| | - Zhengyun Han
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Beiyin Shi
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Jieying Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Zhen Qin
- School of Basic Medcine Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China.
| | - Shuiqing Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China.
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Huang Q, Liu B, Wu W. Biomaterial-Based bFGF Delivery for Nerve Repair. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:8003821. [PMID: 37077657 PMCID: PMC10110389 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8003821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Diseases in the nervous system are common in the human body. People have to suffer a great burden due to huge economic costs and poor prognosis of the diseases. Many treatment modalities are now available that can make recovery better. Managing nutritional factors is also helpful for such diseases. The basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is one of the major nutritional factors, which plays a crucial role in organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. It plays a role in cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, thereby regulating angiogenesis and wound healing and repair of the muscle, bone, and nerve. The study on how to improve the stability of bFGF to increase the treatment effect for different diseases has garnered tremendous attention. Biomaterials are the popular methods to improve the stability of bFGF because they are safe for the living body as they are biocompatible. Biomaterials can be loaded with bFGF and delivered locally to achieve the goal of sustained bFGF release. In the present review, we report different types of biomaterials that are used for bFGF delivery for nerve repair and briefly report how the introduced bFGF can function in the nervous system. We aim to provide summative guidance for future studies about nerve injury using bFGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Wencan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, China
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Chen Y, Xie Y, Ni H. Effects of overexpression of Hsp70 in neural stem cells on neurotoxicity and cognitive dysfunction in neonatal mice under sevoflurane exposure. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:3207-3216. [PMID: 36271938 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06490-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
As one of the commonly used inhalation anesthetics in clinical practice, sevoflurane is currently widely applied in surgery for children and the elderly due to its safety and efficacy. However, the neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment induced by sevoflurane exposure cannot be ignored. A recombinant adenovirus with green fluorescent protein-labeled heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) was constructed and used to infect neural stem cells (NSCs) separated from neonatal mice. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot assays were used to evaluate the expression of certain genes. 5‑Ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine staining and cell counting kit assay were used to detect the proliferation and differentiation ability of NSCs. The Morris water maze experiment was used to test the cognitive abilities of mice. Adv-Hsp70 induced the overexpression of Hsp70 in mouse NSCs. Upregulation of Hsp70 promoted the proliferation ability and differentiation of mouse NSCs. NSCs that overexpressed Hsp70 attenuated sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity and protected cognitive dysfunction in mice under sevoflurane exposure. In summary, our findings demonstrate the potential of overexpression of Hsp70 in NSCs against sevoflurane-induced impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Longyan People's Hospital, No. 72 Denggao West Road, Xinluo District, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China.
| | - Yongxiang Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Longyan People's Hospital, No. 72 Denggao West Road, Xinluo District, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Honghu Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Longyan People's Hospital, No. 72 Denggao West Road, Xinluo District, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
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Zhao T, Zhu T, Xie L, Li Y, Xie R, Xu F, Tang H, Zhu J. Neural Stem Cells Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Challenges. Transl Stroke Res 2022; 13:665-675. [PMID: 35032307 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-00984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, with its high morbidity and mortality, is the most common cerebrovascular accident and results in severe neurological deficits. Despite advances in medical and surgical intervention, post-stroke therapies remain scarce, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Over the past decades, stem cell transplantation has been recognized as very promising therapy for neurological diseases. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is the optimal choice for ischemic stroke as NSCs inherently reside in the brain and can potentially differentiate into a variety of cell types within the central nervous system. Recent research has demonstrated that NSC transplantation can facilitate neural recovery after ischemic stroke, but the mechanisms still remain unclear, and basic/clinical studies of NSC transplantation for ischemic stroke have not yet been thoroughly elucidated. We thus, in this review, provide a futher understanding of the therapeutic role of NSCs for ischemic stroke, and evaluate their prospects for future application in clinical patients of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Tongming Zhu
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Liqian Xie
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yao Li
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Rong Xie
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Hailiang Tang
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Ma X, Wang M, Ran Y, Wu Y, Wang J, Gao F, Liu Z, Xi J, Ye L, Feng Z. Design and Fabrication of Polymeric Hydrogel Carrier for Nerve Repair. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081549. [PMID: 35458307 PMCID: PMC9031091 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve regeneration and repair still remain a huge challenge for both central nervous and peripheral nervous system. Although some therapeutic substances, including neuroprotective agents, clinical drugs and stem cells, as well as various growth factors, are found to be effective to promote nerve repair, a carrier system that possesses a sustainable release behavior, in order to ensure high on-site concentration during the whole repair and regeneration process, and high bioavailability is still highly desirable. Hydrogel, as an ideal delivery system, has an excellent loading capacity and sustainable release behavior, as well as tunable physical and chemical properties to adapt to various biomedical scenarios; thus, it is thought to be a suitable carrier system for nerve repair. This paper reviews the structure and classification of hydrogels and summarizes the fabrication and processing methods that can prepare a suitable hydrogel carrier with specific physical and chemical properties. Furthermore, the modulation of the physical and chemical properties of hydrogels is also discussed in detail in order to obtain a better therapeutic effect to promote nerve repair. Finally, the future perspectives of hydrogel microsphere carriers for stroke rehabilitation are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (X.M.); (Z.F.)
| | - Mengjie Wang
- School of Beijing Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100044, China;
| | - Yuanyuan Ran
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical School, Beijing 100044, China; (Y.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Yusi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China; (Y.W.); (J.W.)
- NUIST-UoR International Research Institute, Reading Academy, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China; (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Fuhai Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical School, Beijing 100044, China; (Y.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Zongjian Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical School, Beijing 100044, China; (Y.R.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (J.X.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-1056981363 (Z.L.); +86-1056981279 (J.X.); +86-1068912650 (L.Y.)
| | - Jianing Xi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical School, Beijing 100044, China; (Y.R.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (J.X.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-1056981363 (Z.L.); +86-1056981279 (J.X.); +86-1068912650 (L.Y.)
| | - Lin Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (X.M.); (Z.F.)
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (J.X.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-1056981363 (Z.L.); +86-1056981279 (J.X.); +86-1068912650 (L.Y.)
| | - Zengguo Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (X.M.); (Z.F.)
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Combination of stem cell therapy and acupuncture to treat ischemic stroke: a prospective review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:87. [PMID: 35241146 PMCID: PMC8896103 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02761-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause globally that leads to severe disability and death. Stem cell therapy has been developed over the recent years to treat stroke and diminish the mortality and disability rate of brain injuries. Acupuncture, which can activate endogenous recovery via physical stimuli, has been applied to enhance the recovery and rehabilitation of stroke patients. Attempts have been made to combine stem cell therapy and acupuncture to treat stroke patients and have shown the promising results. This prospective review will look into the possible mechanisms of stem cell therapy and acupuncture and intend to undercover the potential benefit of the combined therapy. It intends to bridge the modern emerging stem cell therapy and traditional acupuncture at cellular and molecular levels and to demonstrate the potential benefit to improve clinical outcomes.
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Advanced drug delivery system against ischemic stroke. J Control Release 2022; 344:173-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hamam G, Bahaa N, Raafat M. Can intranasal administration of adipose-derived stem cells reach and affect the histological structure of distant organs of aged wistar rat? J Microsc Ultrastruct 2022; 11:1-11. [PMID: 37144165 PMCID: PMC10153733 DOI: 10.4103/jmau.jmau_78_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stem cell therapy is a highly promising strategy in various degenerative diseases. Intranasal administration of stem cells could be considered as a non-invasive treatment option. However, there is great debate concerning the ability of stem cells to reach distant organs. It is also unclear in such a case if they can alleviate age-related structural changes in these organs. Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of intranasal administration of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to reach distant organs of rats at different time intervals and to investigate their effects on age-related structural changes in these organs. Materials and Methods Forty-nine female Wistar rats were used in this study, seven of which were adults (6-month-old) and 42 were aged (2-year-old). Rats were divided into three-groups: Group-I (adult control), Group-II (aged), and Group-III (aged ADSCs treated). Rats of Groups I and II were sacrificed after 15 days from the beginning of the experiment. Rats of Group III were treated with intranasal ADSCs and were sacrificed after 2-h, 1-day, 3-day, 5-day, and 15-day. Heart, liver, kidney, and spleen specimens were collected and processed for H and E, CD105 immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescent techniques. Morphometric study and statistical analysis were performed. Results ADSCs appeared in all organs examined after 2-h of intranasal administration. Their maximum presence was detected after 3-day of administration, after which their immunofluorescence gradually decreased and nearly disappeared from these organs by the 15th day. Improvement of some age-related deterioration in the structure of the kidney and liver occurred at day 5 after intranasal administration. Conclusions ADSCs effectively reached the heart, liver, kidney, and spleen after intranasal administration. ADSCs ameliorated some age-related changes in these organs.
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Berlet R, Anthony S, Brooks B, Wang ZJ, Sadanandan N, Shear A, Cozene B, Gonzales-Portillo B, Parsons B, Salazar FE, Lezama Toledo AR, Monroy GR, Gonzales-Portillo JV, Borlongan CV. Combination of Stem Cells and Rehabilitation Therapies for Ischemic Stroke. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1316. [PMID: 34572529 PMCID: PMC8468342 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation with rehabilitation therapy presents an effective stroke treatment. Here, we discuss current breakthroughs in stem cell research along with rehabilitation strategies that may have a synergistic outcome when combined together after stroke. Indeed, stem cell transplantation offers a promising new approach and may add to current rehabilitation therapies. By reviewing the pathophysiology of stroke and the mechanisms by which stem cells and rehabilitation attenuate this inflammatory process, we hypothesize that a combined therapy will provide better functional outcomes for patients. Using current preclinical data, we explore the prominent types of stem cells, the existing theories for stem cell repair, rehabilitation treatments inside the brain, rehabilitation modalities outside the brain, and evidence pertaining to the benefits of combined therapy. In this review article, we assess the advantages and disadvantages of using stem cell transplantation with rehabilitation to mitigate the devastating effects of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reed Berlet
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Rd, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA;
| | - Stefan Anthony
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
| | - Beverly Brooks
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (B.B.); (Z.-J.W.)
| | - Zhen-Jie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (B.B.); (Z.-J.W.)
| | | | - Alex Shear
- University of Florida, 205 Fletcher Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Blaise Cozene
- Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA;
| | | | - Blake Parsons
- Washington and Lee University, 204 W Washington St, Lexington, VA 24450, USA;
| | - Felipe Esparza Salazar
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico; (F.E.S.); (A.R.L.T.); (G.R.M.)
| | - Alma R. Lezama Toledo
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico; (F.E.S.); (A.R.L.T.); (G.R.M.)
| | - Germán Rivera Monroy
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), FCS, Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico; (F.E.S.); (A.R.L.T.); (G.R.M.)
| | | | - Cesario V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (B.B.); (Z.-J.W.)
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Hamblin MH, Lee JP. Neural Stem Cells for Early Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147703. [PMID: 34299322 PMCID: PMC8306669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical treatments for ischemic stroke are limited. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation can be a promising therapy. Clinically, ischemia and subsequent reperfusion lead to extensive neurovascular injury that involves inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and brain cell death. NSCs exhibit multiple potentially therapeutic actions against neurovascular injury. Currently, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA-approved clot-dissolving agent. While tPA’s thrombolytic role within the vasculature is beneficial, tPA’s non-thrombolytic deleterious effects aggravates neurovascular injury, restricting the treatment time window (time-sensitive) and tPA eligibility. Thus, new strategies are needed to mitigate tPA’s detrimental effects and quickly mediate vascular repair after stroke. Up to date, clinical trials focus on the impact of stem cell therapy on neuro-restoration by delivering cells during the chronic stroke stage. Also, NSCs secrete factors that stimulate endogenous repair mechanisms for early-stage ischemic stroke. This review will present an integrated view of the preclinical perspectives of NSC transplantation as a promising treatment for neurovascular injury, with an emphasis on early-stage ischemic stroke. Further, this will highlight the impact of early sub-acute NSC delivery on improving short-term and long-term stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton H. Hamblin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.H.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.H.); (J.-P.L.)
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13
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Asgharzade S, Talaei A, Farkhondeh T, Forouzanfar F. Combining Growth Factor and Stem Cell Therapy for Stroke Rehabilitation, A Review. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:781-791. [PMID: 31914912 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200107100747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a serious, life-threatening condition demanding vigorous search for new therapies. Recent research has focused on stem cell-based therapies as a viable choice following ischemic stroke, based on studies displaying that stem cells transplanted to the brain not only survive but also cause functional recovery. Growth factors defined as polypeptides that regulate the growth and differentiation of many cell types. Many studies have demonstrated that combined use of growth factors may increase results by the stimulation of endogenous neurogenesis, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection properties, and enhancement of stem cell survival rates and so may be more effective than a single stem cell therapy. This paper reviews and discusses the most promising new stroke recovery research, including combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Asgharzade
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Andisheh Talaei
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Salehi MS, Safari A, Pandamooz S, Jurek B, Hooshmandi E, Owjfard M, Bayat M, Zafarmand SS, Miyan JA, Borhani-Haghighi A. The Beneficial Potential of Genetically Modified Stem Cells in the Treatment of Stroke: a Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:412-440. [PMID: 34033001 PMCID: PMC8144279 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed a surge in investigations proposing stem cells as a promising strategy to treat stroke. Since growth factor release is considered as one of the most important aspects of cell-based therapy, stem cells over-expressing growth factors are hypothesized to yield higher levels of therapeutic efficiency. In pre-clinical studies of the last 15 years that were investigating the efficiency of stem cell therapy for stroke, a variety of stem cell types were genetically modified to over-express various factors. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on the therapeutic efficiency of stem cell-derived growth factors, encompassing techniques employed and time points to evaluate. In addition, we discuss several types of stem cells, including the recently developed model of epidermal neural crest stem cells, and genetically modified stem cells over-expressing specific factors, which could elevate the restorative potential of naive stem cells. The restorative potential is based on enhanced survival/differentiation potential of transplanted cells, apoptosis inhibition, infarct volume reduction, neovascularization or functional improvement. Since the majority of studies have focused on the short-term curative effects of genetically engineered stem cells, we emphasize the need to address their long-term impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saied Salehi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Anahid Safari
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sareh Pandamooz
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Benjamin Jurek
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Etrat Hooshmandi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Owjfard
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Bayat
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Jaleel A Miyan
- Faculty of Biology, Division of Neuroscience & Experimental Psychology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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15
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Zhang XL, Zhang XG, Huang YR, Zheng YY, Ying PJ, Zhang XJ, Lu X, Wang YJ, Zheng GQ. Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Experimental Ischemic Stroke: A Preclinical Systematic Review. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:628908. [PMID: 33935650 PMCID: PMC8079818 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.628908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation offers promise in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Here we utilized systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression to study the biological effect of stem cell treatments in animal models of ischemic stroke. A total of 98 eligible publications were included by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from inception to August 1, 2020. There are about 141 comparisons, involving 5,200 animals, that examined the effect of stem cell transplantation on neurological function and infarct volume as primary outcome measures in animal models for stroke. Stem cell-based therapy can improve both neurological function (effect size, −3.37; 95% confidence interval, −3.83 to −2.90) and infarct volume (effect size, −11.37; 95% confidence interval, −12.89 to −9.85) compared with controls. These results suggest that stem cell therapy could improve neurological function deficits and infarct volume, exerting potential neuroprotective effect for experimental ischemic stroke, but further clinical studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Le Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ran Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peng-Jie Ying
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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16
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Li Y, Yang J, Fu G, Zhou P, Liu Y, Li Z, Jiao G. [Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into neuron-like cells after induction with B27-supplemented serum-free medium]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1340-1345. [PMID: 32990222 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.09.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the capacity and efficiency of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs) to differentiate into neuron- like cells after induction with B27- supplemented serum- free medium. METHODS HUCMSCs at passage 4 were cultured for 14 days with serum-containing medium (SCM) (group A), SCM supplemented with 20 ng/mL nerve growth factor (NGF) and 10 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) (group B), serum-free medium (SFM) (group C), or SFM supplemented with 20 ng/mL NGF and 10 ng/mL bFGF. The culture medium were changed every 3 days and the growth of the neurospheres was observed using an inverted microscope. The cell markers were analyzed with flow cytometry and the expressions of nestin, neuron- specific enolase (NSE), neurofilament heavy polypeptide (NEFH), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. RESULTS Before induction, HUCMSCs expressed abundant mesenchymal stem cell surface markers including CD29 (99.5%), CD44 (49.6%) and CD105 (77.7%). Neuron-like cells were observed in the cultures on days 7, 10, and 14, and the cell differentiation was the best in group D, followed by groups C, B and A. In all the 4 groups, the cellular expressions of nestin and GFAP gradually lowered while those of NEFH and NSE increased progressively. The expressions of GFAP, NEFH, nestin and NSE were significantly different between group A and the other 3 groups (P < 0.001 or 0.05). CONCLUSIONS B27-supplemented SFM effectively induces the differentiation of HUCMSCs into neuron- like cells, and the supplementation with cytokines (NGF and bFGF) strongly promotes the cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jinpei Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guo Fu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pan Zhou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhizhong Li
- Shenhe Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Heyuan 517000, China
| | - Genlong Jiao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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17
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Luo L, He Y, Jin L, Zhang Y, Guastaldi FP, Albashari AA, Hu F, Wang X, Wang L, Xiao J, Li L, Wang J, Higuchi A, Ye Q. Application of bioactive hydrogels combined with dental pulp stem cells for the repair of large gap peripheral nerve injuries. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:638-654. [PMID: 33005828 PMCID: PMC7509005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the limitations in autogenous nerve grafting or Schwann cell transplantation, large gap peripheral nerve injuries require a bridging strategy supported by nerve conduit. Cell based therapies provide a novel treatment for peripheral nerve injuries. In this study, we first experimented an optimal scaffold material synthesis protocol, from where we selected the 10% GFD formula (10% GelMA hydrogel, recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs)) to fill a cellulose/soy protein isolate composite membrane (CSM) tube to construct a third generation of nerve regeneration conduit, CSM-GFD. Then this CSM-GFD conduit was applied to repair a 15-mm long defect of sciatic nerve in a rat model. After 12 week post implant surgery, at histologic level, we found CSM-GFD conduit could regenerate nerve tissue like neuron and Schwann like nerve cells and myelinated nerve fibers. At physical level, CSM-GFD achieved functional recovery assessed by a sciatic functional index study. In both levels, CSM-GFD performed like what gold standard, the nerve autograft, could do. Further, we unveiled that almost all newly formed nerve tissue at defect site was originated from the direct differentiation of exogeneous DPSCs in CSM-GFD. In conclusion, we claimed that this third-generation nerve regeneration conduit, CSM-GFD, could be a promising tissue engineering approach to replace the conventional nerve autograft to treat the large gap defect in peripheral nerve injuries. A novel 3rd generation nerve conduit was successfully constructed and applied for repairing peripheral nerve injuries (PNI). Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) was optimized as an ideal seeding cells for nerve regeneration. A bioactive system combining GelMA with human bFGF and DPSCs could reconstruct the long gap PNI within 12 weeks in vivo. Our system could achieve the same outcome in nerve repair as that of autografting, a routine treatment for PNI. The proposed bioactive system may trigger an evolutional change into the current clinical practice in managing PNI. The majority of the regenerated nerve tissue was originated from the donor’s dental pulp stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan He
- Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, China.,Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ling Jin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fernando P Guastaldi
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | | | - Fengting Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lingli Li
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, China.,Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery/Cancer Research Center, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
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18
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Protective Mechanism and Treatment of Neurogenesis in Cerebral Ischemia. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2258-2277. [PMID: 32794152 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03092-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide and is a main cause of disability in adults. Neither currently marketed drugs nor commonly used treatments can promote nerve repair and neurogenesis after stroke, and the repair of neurons damaged by ischemia has become a research focus. This article reviews several possible mechanisms of stroke and neurogenesis and introduces novel neurogenic agents (fibroblast growth factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, purine nucleosides, resveratrol, S-nitrosoglutathione, osteopontin, etc.) as well as other treatments that have shown neuroprotective or neurogenesis-promoting effects.
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19
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Zhang K, Guo L, Zhang J, Rui G, An G, Zhou Y, Lin J, Xing J, Zhao T, Ding G. tDCS Accelerates the Rehabilitation of MCAO-Induced Motor Function Deficits via Neurogenesis Modulated by the Notch1 Signaling Pathway. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2020; 34:640-651. [PMID: 32543269 DOI: 10.1177/1545968320925474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background. Ischemic stroke carries a high mortality rate and is a leading cause of severe neurological disability. However, the efficacy of current therapeutic options remains limited. Objective. We aimed to investigate the treatment efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in motor function rehabilitation after ischemic stroke and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods. Male Sprague-Dawley rats with epicranial electrodes were used to establish pathogenetic model through temporary right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Subsequently, animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: MCAO + tDCS/sham tDCS, Control + tDCS/sham tDCS. Animals in the groups with tDCS underwent 10 days of cathodal tDCS totally (500 µA, 15 minutes, once a day). During and after tDCS treatment, the motor functions of the animals, ischemic damage area, proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs), and distribution, and protein expression of Notch1 signaling molecules were detected. Results. The rehabilitation of MCAO-induced motor function deficits was dramatically accelerated by tDCS treatment. NSC proliferation in the subventricular zone (SVZ) was significantly increased after MCAO surgery, and tDCS treatment promoted this process. Additionally, NSCs probably migrated from the SVZ to the ischemic striatum and then differentiated into neurons and oligodendrocytes after MCAO surgery, both of which processes were accelerated by tDCS treatment. Finally, tDCS treatment inhibited the activation of Notch1 signaling in NSCs in the ischemic striatum, which may be involved in NSC differentiation in the MCAO model. Conclusion. Our results suggest that tDCS may exert therapeutic efficacy after ischemic stroke in a regenerative medical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Zhang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Rui
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangzhou An
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiajin Lin
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Junling Xing
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Guirong Ding
- Department of Radiation Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
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20
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Distinctive effect of anesthetics on the effect of limb remote ischemic postconditioning following ischemic stroke. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227624. [PMID: 31945776 PMCID: PMC6964983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb remote ischemic postconditioning (LRIP) has been reported as an effective method to reduce the induced experimental stroke damage after ischemic reperfusion (IR) injury. Studies suggest that anesthetics used during induction of ischemic stroke can reduce IR injury, which could affect the actual mechanisms of neuroprotection by LRIP. This study focuses on the comparative effects of anesthetics such as isoflurane and ketamine-xylazine on ischemic injury when used during LRIP. Adult C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized by isoflurane or halothane, and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced through insertion of the filament. Under isoflurane or ketamine-xylazine anesthesia, LRIP was performed after 90 min of reperfusion by carrying out three cycles of 5 min ischemia/5 min reperfusion of the bilateral hind limbs for one session per day for a total of 3 days. Results showed that the use of different anesthetics—isoflurane or ketamine-xylazine—during LRIP had no effects on body weight. However, LRIP was able to improve neurological function as observed by the neurological deficit score in ischemic mice. Interestingly, the neurological deficit in the group where ketamine-xylazine was used was better than the group where isoflurane was used during LRIP. Furthermore, the LRIP was able to prolong the period of the ischemic mice on the rotarod and this effect was more significant in the groups where ketamine-xylazine was used during LRIP. Moreover, LRIP significantly attenuated the infarction volume; however, this effect was independent of the anesthetic used during LRIP. From these results, we conclude that ischemic mice that were subjected to LRIP under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia had better neurological deficit outcomes after stroke.
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21
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Guan YT, Xie Y, Li DS, Zhu YY, Zhang XL, Feng YL, Chen YP, Xu LJ, Liao PF, Wang G. Comparison of biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells derived from the human umbilical cord and decidua parietalis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:633-639. [PMID: 31180542 PMCID: PMC6579987 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from the mesoderm and have the self‑renewal capacity and multi‑directional differentiation potential of adult stem cells. Stem cells from different sources have different molecular and growth characteristics; therefore, the mechanisms and effects of stem cell‑mediated repair and tissue regeneration may be different. The aim of the present study was to compare the biological characteristics of MSCs derived from the umbilical cord (UC‑MSCs) and MSCs derived from the decidua parietalis (DP‑MSCs), and to provide new evidence for the selection of seed cells in regenerative medicine. Growth curves, cell doubling times, colony formation rates, immunophenotypes, differentiation capacities and secretion‑factor levels of MSCs derived from the two sources were analysed. UC‑MSCs and DP‑MSCs exhibited similar properties with regards to morphology, spiral growth, immunophenotype, and potential to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. For each cell type, the positive rates of the cell surface markers CD73, CD90 and CD105 were >95%, whereas CD34 and CD45 positive rates were <1%. Analyses of in vitro growth kinetics revealed shorter cell‑doubling times, and higher proliferative rates and colony formation rates of UC‑MSCs compared with DP‑MSCs (P<0.05). The concentration of basic fibroblast growth factor in the supernatant from UC‑MSCs was higher compared with that from DP‑MSCs (P<0.05). However, UC‑MSC supernatants exhibited lower levels of of keratinocyte growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and stem cell factor compared with DP‑MSCs (P<0.05). In conclusion, in vitro characterization of MSCs from these tissue sources revealed a number of common biological properties. However, the results also demonstrated clear biological distinctions and suggested that UC‑MSCs may have more effective application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tao Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Li
- Guangdong Vitalife Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Lin Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jiang Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Pin-Fu Liao
- Guangdong Vitalife Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
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22
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Gancheva MR, Kremer KL, Gronthos S, Koblar SA. Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Stroke Therapy. Front Neurol 2019; 10:422. [PMID: 31110489 PMCID: PMC6501465 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of permanent disability world-wide, but aside from rehabilitation, there is currently no clinically-proven pharmaceutical or biological agent to improve neurological disability. Cell-based therapies using stem cells, such as dental pulp stem cells, are a promising alternative for treatment of neurological diseases, including stroke. The ischaemic environment in stroke affects multiple cell populations, thus stem cells, which act through cellular and molecular mechanisms, are promising candidates. The most common stem cell population studied in the neurological setting has been mesenchymal stem cells due to their accessibility. However, it is believed that neural stem cells, the resident stem cell of the adult brain, would be most appropriate for brain repair. Using reprogramming strategies, alternative sources of neural stem and progenitor cells have been explored. We postulate that a cell of closer origin to the neural lineage would be a promising candidate for reprogramming and modification towards a neural stem or progenitor cell. One such candidate population is dental pulp stem cells, which reside in the root canal of teeth. This review will focus on the neural potential of dental pulp stem cells and their investigations in the stroke setting to date, and include an overview on the use of different sources of neural stem cells in preclinical studies and clinical trials of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R. Gancheva
- Stroke Research Programme Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Karlea L. Kremer
- Stroke Research Programme Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Simon A. Koblar
- Stroke Research Programme Laboratory, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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23
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He HW, Zhang YL, Yu BQ, Ye G, You W, So KF, Li X. Soluble Nogo receptor 1 fusion protein protects neural progenitor cells in rats with ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1755-1764. [PMID: 31169193 PMCID: PMC6585563 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.257531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble Nogo66 receptor-Fc protein (sNgR-Fc) enhances axonal regeneration following central nervous system injury. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of sNgR-Fc on the proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells. The photothrombotic cortical injury model of ischemic stroke was produced in the parietal cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats with photothrombotic cortical injury were randomized to receive infusion of 400 μg/kg sNgR-Fc (sNgR-Fc group) or an equal volume of phosphate-buffered saline (photothrombotic cortical injury group) into the lateral ventricle for 3 days. The effects of sNgR-Fc on the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural progenitor cells were examined using BrdU staining. Neurological function was evaluated with the Morris water maze test. To further examine the effects of sNgR-Fc treatment on neural progenitor cells, photothrombotic cortical injury was produced in another group of rats that received transplantation of neural progenitor cells from the hippocampus of embryonic Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were then given an infusion of phosphate-buffered saline (neural progenitor cells group) or sNgR-Fc (sNgR-Fc + neural progenitor cells group) into the lateral ventricle for 3 days. sNgR-Fc enhanced the proliferation of cultured neural progenitor cells in vitro as well as that of endogenous neural progenitor cells in vivo, compared with phosphate-buffered saline, and it also induced the differentiation of neural progenitor cells into neurons. Compared with the photothrombotic cortical injury group, escape latency in the Morris water maze and neurological severity score were greatly reduced, and distance traveled in the target quadrant was considerably increased in the sNgR-Fc group, indicating a substantial improvement in neurological function. Furthermore, compared with phosphate-buffered saline infusion, sNgR-Fc infusion strikingly improved the survival and differentiation of grafted neural progenitor cells. Our findings show that sNgR-Fc regulates neural progenitor cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Therefore, sNgR-Fc is a potential novel therapy for stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, The protocols were approved by the Committee on the Use of Live Animals in Teaching and Research of the University of Hong Kong (approval No. 4560-17) in November, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wei He
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology; Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yue-Lin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bao-Qi Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Remodelling- related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Gen Ye
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei You
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology; Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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24
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Chen H, Wu H, Yin H, Wang J, Dong H, Chen Q, Li Y. Effect of photobiomodulation on neural differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:667-675. [PMID: 30232645 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) can enhance the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair and can therefore be used in regenerative medicine. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of photobiomodulation on the directional neural differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) and provide a theoretical basis for neurogenesis. hUC-MSCs were divided into control, inducer, laser, and lasers combined with inducer groups. A 635-nm laser and an 808-nm laser delivering energy densities from 0 to 10 J/cm2 were used in the study. Normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and injured cerebrospinal fluid (iCSF) were used as inducers. The groups were continuously induced for 3 days. Cellular proliferation was evaluated using MTT. The marker proteins nestin (marker protein of the neural precursor cells), NeuN (marker protein of neuron), and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein, marker proteins of glial cells) were detected by immunofluorescence and western blot. We found that irradiation with 635-nm laser increased cell proliferation, and that with 808 nm laser by itself and combined with cerebrospinal fluid treatment generated significant neuron-like morphological changes in the cells at 72 h. Nestin showed high positive expression at 24 h in the 808 nm group. The expression of GFAP increased in the 808-nm combined inducer group at 24 h but decreased at 72 h. The expression of neuN protein increased only at 72 h in both the 808-nm combined inducer group and inducer group. We concluded that 808 nm laser irradiation could help CSF to induce neuronal differentiation of hUC-MSCs in early stage and tend to change to neuron rather than glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China.,Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Hongjun Wu
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Huijuan Yin
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Jinhai Wang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Huajiang Dong
- Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yingxin Li
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
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25
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Boese AC, Le QSE, Pham D, Hamblin MH, Lee JP. Neural stem cell therapy for subacute and chronic ischemic stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:154. [PMID: 29895321 PMCID: PMC5998588 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) play vital roles in brain homeostasis and exhibit a broad repertoire of potentially therapeutic actions following neurovascular injury. One such injury is stroke, a worldwide leading cause of death and disability. Clinically, extensive injury from ischemic stroke results from ischemia-reperfusion (IR), which is accompanied by inflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage, neural cell death, and extensive tissue loss. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is still the only US Food and Drug Administration-approved clot-lysing agent. Whereas the thrombolytic role of tPA within the vasculature is beneficial, the effects of tPA (in a non-thrombolytic role) within the brain parenchyma have been reported as harmful. Thus, new therapies are needed to reduce the deleterious side effects of tPA and quickly facilitate vascular repair following stroke. The Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) recommends that stroke therapies "focus on drugs/devices/treatments with multiple mechanisms of action and that target multiple pathways". Thus, based on multifactorial ischemic cascades in various stroke stages, effective stroke therapies need to focus on targeting and ameliorating early IR injury as well as facilitating angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and neurorestorative mechanisms following stroke. This review will discuss the preclinical perspectives of NSC transplantation as a promising treatment for neurovascular injury and will emphasize both the subacute and chronic phase of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin C Boese
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Quan-Son Eric Le
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Dylan Pham
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Milton H Hamblin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. .,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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