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Muttiah B, Ng SL, Lokanathan Y, Ng MH, Law JX. Extracellular Vesicles in Breast Cancer: From Intercellular Communication to Therapeutic Opportunities. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:654. [PMID: 38794316 PMCID: PMC11125876 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, a multifaceted and heterogeneous disease, poses significant challenges in terms of understanding its intricate resistance mechanisms and devising effective therapeutic strategies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate landscape of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the context of breast cancer, highlighting their diverse subtypes, biogenesis, and roles in intercellular communication within the tumour microenvironment (TME). The discussion spans various aspects, from EVs and stromal cells in breast cancer to their influence on angiogenesis, immune response, and chemoresistance. The impact of EV production in different culture systems, including two dimensional (2D), three dimensional (3D), and organoid models, is explored. Furthermore, this review delves into the therapeutic potential of EVs in breast cancer, presenting emerging strategies such as engineered EVs for gene delivery, nanoplatforms for targeted chemotherapy, and disrupting tumour derived EVs as a treatment approach. Understanding these complex interactions of EV within the breast cancer milieu is crucial for identifying resistance mechanisms and developing new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barathan Muttiah
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.); (M.H.N.)
| | - Sook Luan Ng
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.); (M.H.N.)
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.); (M.H.N.)
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (Y.L.); (M.H.N.)
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2
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Jahangiri B, Khalaj-Kondori M, Asadollahi E, Kian Saei A, Sadeghizadeh M. Dual impacts of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on cancer cells: unravelling complex interactions. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00794-3. [PMID: 37973719 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing stromal cells found in a variety of adult tissues. MSCs possess a remarkable ability to migrate towards tumor sites, known as homing. This homing process is mediated by various factors, including chemokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix components present in the tumor microenvironment. MSCs release extracellular vesicles known as exosomes (MSC-Exos), which have been suggested to serve a key role in mediating a wide variety of MSC activities. Through cell-cell communication, MSC-Exos have been shown to alter recipient cell phenotype or function and play as a novel cell-free alternative for MSC-based cell therapy. However, MSC recruitment to tumors allows for their interaction with cancer cells and subsequent regulation of tumor behavior. MSC-Exos act as tumor niche modulators via transferring exosomal contents, such as specific proteins or genetic materials, to the nearby cancer cells, leading to either promotion or suppression of tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and metastasis, depending on the specific microenvironmental cues and recipient cell characteristics. Consequently, there is still a debate about the precise relationship between tumor cells and MSC-Exos, and it is unclear how MSC-Exos impacts tumor cells. Although the dysregulation of miRNAs is caused by the progression of cancer, they also play a direct role in either promoting or inhibiting tumor growth as they act as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors. The utilization of MSC-Exos may prove to be an effective method for restoring miRNA as a means of treating cancer. This review aimed to present the existing understanding of the impact that MSC-Exos could have on cancer. To begin with, we presented a brief explanation of exosomes, MSCs, and MSC-Exos. Following this, we delved into the impact of MSC-Exos on cancer growth, EMT, metastasis, angiogenesis, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and modulation of the immune system. Opposing effects of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Jahangiri
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khalaj-Kondori
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Elahe Asadollahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Kian Saei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Sadeghizadeh
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Samuels M, Jones W, Towler B, Turner C, Robinson S, Giamas G. The role of non-coding RNAs in extracellular vesicles in breast cancer and their diagnostic implications. Oncogene 2023; 42:3017-3034. [PMID: 37670020 PMCID: PMC10555829 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02827-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast Cancer (BC) is the most common form of cancer worldwide, responsible for 25% of cancers in women. Whilst treatment is effective and often curative in early BC, metastatic disease is incurable, highlighting the need for early detection. Currently, early detection relies on invasive procedures, however recent studies have shown extracellular vesicles (EVs) obtained from liquid biopsies may have clinical utility. EVs transport diverse bioactive cargos throughout the body, play major roles in intercellular communication and, importantly, mirror their cell of origin. In cancer cells, EVs alter the behaviour of the tumour microenvironment (TME), forming a bridge of communication between cancerous and non-cancerous cells to alter all aspects of cancer progression, including the formation of a pre-metastatic niche. Through gene regulatory frameworks, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) modulate vital molecular and cellular processes and can act as both tumour suppressors and oncogenic drivers in various cancer types. EVs transport and protect ncRNAs, facilitating their use clinically as liquid biopsies for early BC detection. This review summarises current research surrounding ncRNAs and EVs within BC, focusing on their roles in cancer progression through bi-directional communication with the microenvironment and their diagnostic implications. The role of EV ncRNAs in breast cancer. A representation of the different EV ncRNAs involved in tumourigenic processes in breast cancer. Pro-tumourigenic ncRNAs displayed in green and ncRNAs which inhibit oncogenic processes are shown in red.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Samuels
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, JMS Building, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - William Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, JMS Building, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Benjamin Towler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, JMS Building, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Charlotte Turner
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, JMS Building, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Stephen Robinson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, JMS Building, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Georgios Giamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, JMS Building, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
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Loric S, Denis JA, Desbene C, Sabbah M, Conti M. Extracellular Vesicles in Breast Cancer: From Biology and Function to Clinical Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7208. [PMID: 37108371 PMCID: PMC10139222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the first worldwide most frequent cancer in both sexes and the most commonly diagnosed in females. Although BC mortality has been thoroughly declining over the past decades, there are still considerable differences between women diagnosed with early BC and when metastatic BC is diagnosed. BC treatment choice is widely dependent on precise histological and molecular characterization. However, recurrence or distant metastasis still occurs even with the most recent efficient therapies. Thus, a better understanding of the different factors underlying tumor escape is mainly mandatory. Among the leading candidates is the continuous interplay between tumor cells and their microenvironment, where extracellular vesicles play a significant role. Among extracellular vesicles, smaller ones, also called exosomes, can carry biomolecules, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and generate signal transmission through an intercellular transfer of their content. This mechanism allows tumor cells to recruit and modify the adjacent and systemic microenvironment to support further invasion and dissemination. By reciprocity, stromal cells can also use exosomes to profoundly modify tumor cell behavior. This review intends to cover the most recent literature on the role of extracellular vesicle production in normal and cancerous breast tissues. Specific attention is paid to the use of extracellular vesicles for early BC diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis because exosomes are actually under the spotlight of researchers as a high-potential source of liquid biopsies. Extracellular vesicles in BC treatment as new targets for therapy or efficient nanovectors to drive drug delivery are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Loric
- INSERM U538, CRSA, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, 75012 Paris, France; (J.A.D.)
| | | | - Cédric Desbene
- INSERM U538, CRSA, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, 75012 Paris, France; (J.A.D.)
| | - Michèle Sabbah
- INSERM U538, CRSA, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, 75012 Paris, France; (J.A.D.)
| | - Marc Conti
- INSERM U538, CRSA, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, 75012 Paris, France; (J.A.D.)
- INTEGRACELL SAS, 91160 Longjumeau, France
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Zhou J, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Zheng D, Yan L, Guo M, Mao Y, Yang L. Exosomes from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells facilitate corneal wound healing via regulating the p44/42 MAPK pathway. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023; 261:723-734. [PMID: 36576571 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05956-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed at exploring the function of Exosomes isolated from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-Exos) in corneal wound healing and at revealing the underlying mechanisms involving the p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. METHODS The isolated BMSC-Exos were identified by transmission electron microscopy, Western blot, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. After coculture with BMSC-Exos, the proliferation and migration of human corneal epithelial cells (HCEs) were evaluated. The protein expression of p-MEK/MEK and p44/42 MAPK was detected by Western blot. A mouse model of alkali-burned cornea was established via NaOH exposure. After injection with BMSC-Exos, the pathological changes and expression of α-SMA (a fibrosis marker) and CD31 (a vascularization marker) in corneal tissues were detected. RESULTS BMSC-Exos enhanced the proliferation and migration of HCEs in a dose-dependent manner. The p44/42 MAPK pathway was activated by the treatment of BMSC-Exos, and its blocking using U0126 partially abrogated the effects of BMSC-Exos on promoting the proliferation and migration of HCEs. In vivo, the injection of BMSC-Exos facilitated the remission of the pathological changes (inflammation) and weakened the upregulation of α-SMA (fibrosis) and CD31 (vascularization) in corneal tissues of mice with alkali-burn injury. CONCLUSION BMSC-Exos promoted the proliferation and migration of HCEs via activating the p44/42 MAPK pathway in vitro and also inhibited alkali burn-induced inflammation, fibrosis, and vascularization in corneal tissues in vivo. BMSC-Exos may be promising resources for promoting corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9, Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, 510623, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, 510515, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children's Hospital East Branch, Beijing City, 100002, China
| | - Dehui Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9, Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, 510623, China
| | - Lifeng Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9, Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, 510623, China
| | - Mengxiang Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9, Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, 510623, China
| | - Yani Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9, Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, 510623, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9, Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, 510623, China
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Tamura T, Yoshioka Y, Sakamoto S, Ichikawa T, Ochiya T. Extracellular vesicles in bone homeostasis: key roles of physiological and pathological conditions. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 41:345-357. [PMID: 35943593 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles with lipid bilayer membranes that are secreted by all cell types and are widely known as crucial intercellular communication mediators, shuttling biologically active molecules. The bone is a typically preferred site of cancer metastasis due to its unique cellular compositions and dynamics. Bone cell-derived EVs serve as regulators that orchestrate harmonious bone homeostasis. Cancer cells secrete specific EVs in a series of the bone metastatic process to dominate the bone microenvironment. Additionally, cancer cell-related EVs contribute to pre-metastatic niche formation, bone homeostasis disruption, and tumor bone progression and survival. Here, we investigated recent studies on EV-mediated crosstalk in the bone tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, this review aimed to elucidate the EV-based therapeutic perspectives for bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Tamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
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7
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Gilazieva Z, Ponomarev A, Rizvanov A, Solovyeva V. The Dual Role of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles in Carcinogenesis. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060813. [PMID: 35741334 PMCID: PMC9220333 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane structures that play the role of intermediaries between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) because they have the ability to transport lipids, transcription factors, mRNA, and proteins. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a major component of the TME and may have different effects on tumor progression using EVs. This review includes information about various studies which have reported that EVs from MSCs can have either antitumor or pro-tumor effects, depending on both the tumor type and developmental stage. It provides an overview of the published data on EV MSCs and their effect on tumor cells. In addition, the use of EV MSCs for the development of new methods for treating oncological diseases is described. Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play an important role in tumor progression. MSCs remodel the extracellular matrix, participate in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition, promote the spread of metastases, and inhibit antitumor immune responses in the TME; however, there are also data pertaining to the antitumor effects of MSCs. MSCs activate the cell death mechanism by modulating the expression of proteins involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, angiogenesis receptors, and proapoptotic proteins. One of the main ways in which MSCs and TME interact is through the production of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by cells. Currently, data on the effects of both MSCs and their EVs on tumor cells are rather contradictory. Various studies have reported that EVs from MSCs can have either antitumor or pro-tumor effects, depending on both the tumor type and developmental stage. In this review, we discuss published data on EV MSCs and their effect on tumor cells. The molecular composition of vesicles obtained from MSCs is also presented in the review. In addition, the use of EV MSCs for the development of new methods for treating oncological diseases is described.
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Dormancy in Breast Cancer, the Role of Autophagy, lncRNAs, miRNAs and Exosomes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095271. [PMID: 35563661 PMCID: PMC9105119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women for which numerous diagnostic and therapeutic options have been developed. Namely, the targeted treatment of BC, for the most part, relies on the expression of growth factors and hormone receptors by these cancer cells. Despite this, close to 30% of BC patients may experience relapse due to the presence of minimal residual disease (MRD) consisting of surviving disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) from the primary tumour which can colonise a secondary site. This can lead to either detectable metastasis or DTCs entering a dormant state for a prolonged period where they are undetectable. In the latter, cells can re-emerge from their dormant state due to intrinsic and microenvironmental cues leading to relapse and metastatic outgrowth. Pre- and clinical studies propose that targeting dormant DTCs may inhibit metastasis, but the choice between keeping them dormant or forcing their “awakening” is still controversial. This review will focus on cancer cells’ microenvironmental cues and metabolic and molecular properties, which lead to dormancy, relapse, and metastatic latency in BC. Furthermore, we will focus on the role of autophagy, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), miRNAs, and exosomes in influencing the induction of dormancy and awakening of dormant BC cells. In addition, we have analysed BC treatment from a viewpoint of autophagy, lncRNAs, miRNAs, and exosomes. We propose the targeted modulation of these processes and molecules as modern aspects of precision medicine for BC treatment, improving both novel and traditional BC treatment options. Understanding these pathways and processes may ultimately improve BC patient prognosis, patient survival, and treatment response.
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Barreyro L, Sampson AM, Ishikawa C, Hueneman KM, Choi K, Pujato MA, Chutipongtanate S, Wyder M, Haffey WD, O'Brien E, Wunderlich M, Ramesh V, Kolb EM, Meydan C, Neelamraju Y, Bolanos LC, Christie S, Smith MA, Niederkorn M, Muto T, Kesari S, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Bartholdy B, Will B, Weirauch MT, Mulloy JC, Gul Z, Medlin S, Kovall RA, Melnick AM, Perentesis JP, Greis KD, Nurmemmedov E, Seibel WL, Starczynowski DT. Blocking UBE2N abrogates oncogenic immune signaling in acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabb7695. [PMID: 35263148 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb7695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of innate immune signaling pathways is implicated in various hematologic malignancies. However, these pathways have not been systematically examined in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We report that AML hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) exhibit a high frequency of dysregulated innate immune-related and inflammatory pathways, referred to as oncogenic immune signaling states. Through gene expression analyses and functional studies in human AML cell lines and patient-derived samples, we found that the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2N is required for leukemic cell function in vitro and in vivo by maintaining oncogenic immune signaling states. It is known that the enzyme function of UBE2N can be inhibited by interfering with thioester formation between ubiquitin and the active site. We performed in silico structure-based and cellular-based screens and identified two related small-molecule inhibitors UC-764864/65 that targeted UBE2N at its active site. Using these small-molecule inhibitors as chemical probes, we further revealed the therapeutic efficacy of interfering with UBE2N function. This resulted in the blocking of ubiquitination of innate immune- and inflammatory-related substrates in human AML cell lines. Inhibition of UBE2N function disrupted oncogenic immune signaling by promoting cell death of leukemic HSPCs while sparing normal HSPCs in vitro. Moreover, baseline oncogenic immune signaling states in leukemic cells derived from discrete subsets of patients with AML exhibited a selective dependency on UBE2N function in vitro and in vivo. Our study reveals that interfering with UBE2N abrogates leukemic HSPC function and underscores the dependency of AML cells on UBE2N-dependent oncogenic immune signaling states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Barreyro
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Avery M Sampson
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chiharu Ishikawa
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hueneman
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kwangmin Choi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mario A Pujato
- Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael Wyder
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wendy D Haffey
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric O'Brien
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mark Wunderlich
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Vighnesh Ramesh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ellen M Kolb
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaseswini Neelamraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Lyndsey C Bolanos
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Susanne Christie
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Molly A Smith
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Madeline Niederkorn
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tomoya Muto
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Santosh Kesari
- Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence St. John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Francine E Garrett-Bakelman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Boris Bartholdy
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Britta Will
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genetics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James C Mulloy
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Zartash Gul
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Medlin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rhett A Kovall
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ari M Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John P Perentesis
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth D Greis
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elmar Nurmemmedov
- Saint John's Cancer Institute at Providence St. John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - William L Seibel
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daniel T Starczynowski
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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10
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Chang SC, Zhang BX, Ding JL. E2-E3 ubiquitin enzyme pairing - partnership in provoking or mitigating cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Zhao L, Zhang K, He H, Yang Y, Li W, Liu T, Li J. The Relationship Between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Tumor Dormancy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:731393. [PMID: 34712663 PMCID: PMC8545891 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.731393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor dormancy, a state of tumor, is clinically undetectable and the outgrowth of dormant tumor cells into overt metastases is responsible for cancer-associated deaths. However, the dormancy-related molecular mechanism has not been clearly described. Some researchers have proposed that cancer stem cells (CSCs) and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can be seen as progenitor cells of tumor dormancy, both of which can remain dormant in a non-permissive soil/niche. Nowadays, research interest in the cancer biology field is skyrocketing as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of regulating tumor dormancy, which will provide a unique therapeutic window to cure cancer. Although the influence of MSCs on tumor dormancy has been investigated in previous studies, there is no thorough review on the relationship between MSCs and tumor dormancy. In this paper, the root of tumor dormancy is analyzed and dormancy-related molecular mechanisms are summarized. With an emphasis on the role of the MSCs during tumor dormancy, new therapeutic strategies to prevent metastatic disease are proposed, whose clinical application potentials are discussed, and some challenges and prospects of the studies of tumor dormancy are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxian Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu He
- Operating Theater and Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongping Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tongjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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12
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Cappariello A, Rucci N. Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Tumors: How to Seed in the Surroundings Molecular Information for Malignant Transformation and Progression. Front Oncol 2021; 11:722922. [PMID: 34616676 PMCID: PMC8488258 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.722922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a very dynamic tissue hosting different cell types whose functions are regulated by a plethora of membrane-bound and soluble molecules. Intercellular communication was recently demonstrated to be also sustained by the exchange of extracellular vesicles (EVs). These are cell-derived nanosized structures shuttling biologically active molecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins. The bone microenvironment is a preferential site of primary and metastatic tumors, in which cancer cells find a fertile soil to “seed and blossom”. Nowadays, many oncogenic processes are recognized to be sustained by EVs. For example, EVs can directly fuel the vicious cycle in the bone/bone marrow microenvironment. EVs create a favourable environment for tumor growth by affecting osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, adipocytes, leukocytes, and endothelial cells. At the same time other crucial tumor-mediated events, such as the premetastatic niche formation, tumor cell dormancy, as well as drug resistance, have been described to be fostered by tumor-derived EVs. In this review, we will discuss the main body of literature describing how the cancer cells use the EVs for their growth into the bone and for educating the bone microenvironment to host metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cappariello
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nadia Rucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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13
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we describe the biology of extracellular vesicles (EV) and how they contribute to bone-associated cancers. RECENT FINDINGS Crosstalk between tumor and bone has been demonstrated to promote tumor and metastatic progression. In addition to direct cell-to-cell contact and soluble factors, such as cytokines, EVs mediate crosstalk between tumor and bone. EVs are composed of a heterogenous group of membrane-delineated vesicles of varying size range, mechanisms of formation, and content. These include apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, large oncosomes, and exosomes. EVs derived from primary tumors have been shown to alter bone remodeling and create formation of a pre-metastatic niche that favors development of bone metastasis. Similarly, EVs from marrow stromal cells have been shown to promote tumor progression. Additionally, EVs can act as therapeutic delivery vehicles due to their low immunogenicity and targeting specificity. EVs play critical roles in intercellular communication. Multiple classes of EVs exist based on size on mechanism of formation. In addition to a role in pathophysiology, EVs can be exploited as therapeutic delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Dai
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, NCRC B14 RM116, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alison B Shupp
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Karen M Bussard
- Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Evan T Keller
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, NCRC B14 RM116, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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14
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Shupp AB, Neupane M, Agostini LC, Ning G, Brody JR, Bussard KM. Stromal-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Suppress Proliferation of Bone Metastatic Cancer Cells Mediated By ERK2. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:1763-1777. [PMID: 34021072 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone is a common site of cancer metastasis, including cancers such as breast, prostate, and multiple myeloma. Disseminated tumor cells (DTC) shed from a primary tumor may travel to bone and can survive undetected for years before proliferating to form overt metastatic lesions. This period of time can be defined as metastatic latency. Once in the metastatic microenvironment, DTCs engage in intercellular communication with surrounding stromal cells, which can influence cancer cell survival, proliferation, and ultimately disease progression. The role of the surrounding tumor microenvironment in regulating DTC fate is becoming increasingly recognized. We have previously shown that in the bone microenvironment, osteoblasts are "educated" by interactions with breast cancer cells, and these "educated" osteoblasts (EO) produce soluble factors that regulate cancer cell proliferation. In this study, we provide evidence indicating that EOs produce small extracellular vesicles (sEV) that suppress breast cancer proliferation, in part through regulation of ERK1/2 signaling. In addition, using EdU-incorporation assays and propidium iodide staining we demonstrate that exposure to EO-derived sEVs decreases breast cancer cell entry to S-phase of cell cycle. We also have evidence that particular microRNAs, including miR-148a-3p, are enriched in EO-derived sEVs, and that miR-148a-3p is capable of regulating breast cancer proliferation. IMPLICATIONS: These findings underscore the importance of sEV-mediated communication in the earlier stages of cancer progression, and suggest that EO-derived sEVs may be one mechanism by which the bone microenvironment suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison B Shupp
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Manish Neupane
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lebaron C Agostini
- Department of Surgery, The Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gang Ning
- Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan R Brody
- Department of Surgery, Brenden Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.,Department of Cell, Brenden Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Karen M Bussard
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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15
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Zhou X, Hu S, Zhang Y, Du G, Li Y. The mechanism by which noncoding RNAs regulate muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2021; 4:136-147. [PMID: 35694153 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer cachexia (CC) is a complex metabolic syndrome that accelerates muscle wasting and affects up to 80% of patients with cancer; however, timely diagnostic methods and effective cures are lacking. Although a considerable number of studies have focused on the mechanism of CC-induced muscle atrophy, few novel therapies have been applied in the last decade. In recent years, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have attracted great attention as many differentially expressed ncRNAs in cancer cachectic muscles have been reported to participate in the inhibition of myogenesis and activation of proteolysis. In addition, extracellular vesicles (EVs), which function as ncRNA carriers in intercellular communication, are closely involved in changing ncRNA expression profiles in muscle and promoting the development of muscle wasting; thus, EV-related ncRNAs may represent potential therapeutic targets. This review comprehensively describes the process of ncRNA transmission through EVs and summarizes the pathways and targets of ncRNAs that lead to CC-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shoushan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guannan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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16
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Akkoc Y, Peker N, Akcay A, Gozuacik D. Autophagy and Cancer Dormancy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:627023. [PMID: 33816262 PMCID: PMC8017298 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.627023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis and relapse account for the great majority of cancer-related deaths. Most metastatic lesions are micro metastases that have the capacity to remain in a non-dividing state called “dormancy” for months or even years. Commonly used anticancer drugs generally target actively dividing cancer cells. Therefore, cancer cells that remain in a dormant state evade conventional therapies and contribute to cancer recurrence. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer dormancy are not fully understood. Recent studies indicate that a major cellular stress response mechanism, autophagy, plays an important role in the adaptation, survival and reactivation of dormant cells. In this review article, we will summarize accumulating knowledge about cellular and molecular mechanisms of cancer dormancy, and discuss the role and importance of autophagy in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Akkoc
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesibe Peker
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Akcay
- Yeni Yüzyıl University, School of Medicine, Private Gaziosmanpaşa Hospital, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Devrim Gozuacik
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey.,Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Sabancı University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
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17
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Hernández-Barranco A, Nogués L, Peinado H. Could Extracellular Vesicles Contribute to Generation or Awakening of "Sleepy" Metastatic Niches? Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:625221. [PMID: 33738282 PMCID: PMC7960773 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.625221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-metastatic niches provide favorable conditions for tumor cells to disseminate, home to and grow in otherwise unfamiliar and distal microenvironments. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles are now recognized as carriers of key messengers secreted by primary tumors, signals that induce the formation of pre-metastatic niches. Recent evidence suggests that tumor cells can disseminate from the very earliest stages of primary tumor development. However, once they reach distal sites, tumor cells can persist in a dormant state for long periods of time until their growth is reactivated and they produce metastatic lesions. In this new scenario, the question arises as to whether extracellular vesicles could influence the formation of these metastatic niches with dormant tumor cells? (here defined as "sleepy niches"). If so, what are the molecular mechanisms involved? In this perspective-review article, we discuss the possible influence of extracellular vesicles in early metastatic dissemination and whether they might play a role in tumor cell dormancy. In addition, we comment whether extracellular vesicle-mediated signals may be involved in tumor cell awakening, considering the possibility that extracellular vesicles might serve as biomarkers to detect early metastasis and/or minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Hernández-Barranco
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Nogués
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Héctor Peinado
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
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18
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miR-205 in Breast Cancer: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010027. [PMID: 33375067 PMCID: PMC7792793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its controversial roles in different cancer types, miR-205 has been mainly described as an oncosuppressive microRNA (miRNA), with some contrasting results, in breast cancer. The role of miR-205 in the occurrence or progression of breast cancer has been extensively studied since the first evidence of its aberrant expression in tumor tissues versus normal counterparts. To date, it is known that the expression of miR-205 in the different subtypes of breast cancer is decreasing from the less aggressive subtype, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor positive breast cancer, to the more aggressive, triple negative breast cancer, influencing metastasis capability, response to therapy and patient survival. In this review, we summarize the most important discoveries that have highlighted the functional role of this miRNA in breast cancer initiation and progression, in stemness maintenance, in the tumor microenvironment, its potential role as a biomarker and its relevance in normal breast physiology—the still open questions. Finally, emerging evidence reveals the role of some lncRNAs in breast cancer progression as sponges of miR-205. Here, we also reviewed the studies in this field.
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19
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Yarahmadi A, Shahrokhi SZ, Mostafavi-Pour Z, Azarpira N. MicroRNAs in diabetic nephropathy: From molecular mechanisms to new therapeutic targets of treatment. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 189:114301. [PMID: 33203517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable investigation in diabetic nephropathy (DN) pathogenesis and possible treatments, current therapies still do not provide competent prevention from disease progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in most patients. Therefore, investigating exact molecular mechanisms and important mediators underlying DN may help design better therapeutic approaches for proper treatment. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in post-transcriptional regulation of many gene expression within the cells and present an excellent opportunity for new therapeutic approaches because their profile is often changed during many diseases, including DN. This review discusses the most important signaling pathways involved in DN and changes in miRNAs profile in each signaling pathway. We also suggest possible approaches for miRNA derived interventions for designing better treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Yarahmadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Shahrokhi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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20
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Xunian Z, Kalluri R. Biology and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3100-3110. [PMID: 32639675 PMCID: PMC7469857 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into several cell types. MSC‐based therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for various diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the paracrine effects of MSC are partially exerted by the secretion of soluble factors, in particular exosomes. MSC‐derived exosomes are involved in intercellular communication through transfer of proteins, RNA, DNA and bioactive lipids, which might constitute a novel intercellular communication mode. This review illustrates the current knowledge on the composition and biological functions as well as the therapeutic potential of MSC‐derived exosomes in cancer, with a focus on clinical translation opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xunian
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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21
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Das P, Roychowdhury A, Das S, Roychoudhury S, Tripathy S. sigFeature: Novel Significant Feature Selection Method for Classification of Gene Expression Data Using Support Vector Machine and t Statistic. Front Genet 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32346383 PMCID: PMC7169426 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological data are accumulating at a faster rate, but interpreting them still remains a problem. Classifying biological data into distinct groups is the first step in understanding them. Data classification in response to a certain treatment is an extremely important aspect for differentially expressed genes in making present/absent calls. Many feature selection algorithms have been developed including the support vector machine recursive feature elimination procedure (SVM-RFE) and its variants. Support vector machine RFEs are greedy methods that attempt to find superlative possible combinations leading to binary classification, which may not be biologically significant. To overcome this limitation of SVM-RFE, we propose a novel feature selection algorithm, termed as “sigFeature” (https://bioconductor.org/packages/sigFeature/), based on SVM and t statistic to discover the differentially significant features along with good performance in classification. The “sigFeature” R package is centered around a function called “sigFeature,” which provides automatic selection of features for the binary classification. Using six publicly available microarray data sets (downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus) with different biological attributes, we further compared the performance of “sigFeature” to three other feature selection algorithms. A small number of selected features (by “sigFeature”) also show higher classification accuracy. For further downstream evaluation of its biological signature, we conducted gene set enrichment analysis with the selected features (genes) from “sigFeature” and compared it with the outputs of other algorithms. We observed that “sigFeature” is able to predict the signature of four out of six microarray data sets accurately, whereas the other algorithms predict less data set signatures. Thus, “sigFeature” is considerably better than related algorithms in discovering differentially significant features from microarray data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijush Das
- Computational Genomics lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Anirban Roychowdhury
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhadeep Das
- Computational Genomics lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Sucheta Tripathy
- Computational Genomics lab, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
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22
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Novel Techniques to Study the Bone-Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1225:1-18. [PMID: 32030644 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35727-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many cancers commonly metastasize to bone. After entering the bone, cancer cells can interact with surrounding stromal cells, which ultimately influences metastasis progression. Extracellular vesicles, direct cell contact and gap junctions, and cytokines are all mechanisms of intercellular communication that have been observed to occur in the bone microenvironment. These methods of cellular crosstalk can occur between cancer cells and a variety of stromal cells, with each interaction having a different impact on cancer progression. Communication between cancer cells and bone-resident cells has previously been implicated in processes such as cancer cell trafficking and arrest in bone, cancer cell dormancy, cancer cell reactivation, and proliferation. In this chapter we review innovative techniques and model systems that can be used to study bidirectional crosstalk between cancer cells and stromal cells in the bone, with an emphasis specifically on bone-metastatic breast cancer. Investigating how metastatic cancer cells interact with, and are influenced by, the bone microenvironment is crucial to better understanding of the progression of bone metastasis.
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23
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Naderi-Meshkin H, Lai X, Amirkhah R, Vera J, Rasko JEJ, Schmitz U. Exosomal lncRNAs and cancer: connecting the missing links. Bioinformatics 2019; 35:352-360. [PMID: 30649349 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are potent and clinically valuable tools for early diagnosis, prognosis and potentially the targeted treatment of cancer. The content of EVs is closely related to the type and status of the EV-secreting cell. Circulating exosomes are a source of stable RNAs including mRNAs, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Results This review outlines the links between EVs, lncRNAs and cancer. We highlight communication networks involving the tumor microenvironment, the immune system and metastasis. We show examples supporting the value of exosomal lncRNAs as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. We demonstrate how a system biology approach can be used to model cell-cell communication via exosomal lncRNAs and to simulate effects of therapeutic interventions. In addition, we introduce algorithms and bioinformatics resources for the discovery of tumor-specific lncRNAs and tools that are applied to determine exosome content and lncRNA function. Finally, this review provides a comprehensive collection and guide to databases for exosomal lncRNAs. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.,Nastaran Center for Cancer Prevention, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Xin Lai
- Laboratory of Systems Tumour Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raheleh Amirkhah
- Nastaran Center for Cancer Prevention, Mashhad, Iran.,Reza Institute of Cancer Bioinformatics and Personalized Medicine, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Julio Vera
- Laboratory of Systems Tumour Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - John E J Rasko
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Cell and Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Ulf Schmitz
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
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24
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Yamamoto T, Kosaka N, Ochiya T. Latest advances in extracellular vesicles: from bench to bedside. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019; 20:746-757. [PMID: 31447954 PMCID: PMC6691912 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2019.1629835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membraned vesicles and approximately 50-150 nm in diameter. Almost all of the type of cells releases the EVs and circulates in the body fluids. EVs contain multiple functional components, such as mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), DNAs, and proteins, which can be transferred to the recipient cells, resulting in phenotypic changes. Recently, EV research has focused on their potential as a drug delivery vehicle and in targeted therapy against specific molecules. Moreover, some surface proteins are specific to particular diseases, and therefore, EVs also have promise as biomarkers. In this concise review, we summarize the latest research focused on EVs, which have the potential to become a promising drug delivery method, biomarker, and new therapeutic target for improving the outcomes of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomofumi Yamamoto
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Clinical Physiology and Therapeutics, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Translational Research for Extracellular Vesicles, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Kosaka
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Translational Research for Extracellular Vesicles, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- CONTACT Nobuyoshi Kosaka Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjyuku, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Takahiro Ochiya Chief, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjyuku, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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25
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Adamo A, Dal Collo G, Bazzoni R, Krampera M. Role of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in tumour microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1871:192-198. [PMID: 30599188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stromal cells, deriving from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), are crucial component of tumour microenvironment and represent key regulators of tumour processes. MSCs can be recruited to the tumour environment and interact with many cellular elements, thus influencing tumour biology. Cell-to-cell communication is in part mediated by the release of extracellular vesicle (EVs). EVs can induce significant molecular changes in recipient cells, delivering bioactive molecules. In this review, we describe the MSC-derived EVs content and discuss their role in different processes related to cancer biology. Furthermore, we summarize chemical or biological EVs modifications aiming to develop more efficient antitumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adamo
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Dal Collo
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - R Bazzoni
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Krampera
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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26
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Widner DB, Park SH, Eber MR, Shiozawa Y. Interactions Between Disseminated Tumor Cells and Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Regulate Tumor Dormancy. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2018; 16:596-602. [PMID: 30128835 PMCID: PMC6156930 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-018-0471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To succinctly summarize recent findings concerning dormancy regulating interactions between bone marrow stromal cells and disseminated tumor cells. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have highlighted roles of the bone marrow microenviroment, including osteoblasts, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and endothelial cells, in inducing or maintaining cancer cell dormancy. Key pathways of interest include: osteoblast-induced transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 signaling, transfer of MSC-derived exosomes containing dormancy inducing microRNA, cancer cell cannibalism of MSCs, and endothelial cell secretion of thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). The bone marrow is a common site of metastatic disease recurrence following a period of cancer cell dormancy. Understanding why disseminated tumor cells enter into dormancy and later resume cell proliferation and growth is vital to developing effective therapeutics against these cells. The bone marrow stroma and the various pathways through which it participates in crosstalk with cancer cells are essential to furthering understanding of how dormancy is regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Brooke Widner
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1082, USA
| | - Sun H Park
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1082, USA
| | - Matthew R Eber
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1082, USA
| | - Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157-1082, USA.
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Dewanjee S, Bhattacharjee N. MicroRNA: A new generation therapeutic target in diabetic nephropathy. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:32-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Koslawsky D, Zaretsky M, Alcalay R, Mazor O, Aharoni A, Papo N. A bi-specific inhibitor targeting IL-17A and MMP-9 reduces invasion and motility in MDA-MB-231 cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:28500-28513. [PMID: 29983876 PMCID: PMC6033355 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine IL-17A is associated with the progression of various cancers, but little is known about the molecular cross-talk between IL-17A and other tumor-promoting factors. Previous studies have shown that the IL-17A-mediated invasion of breast cancer cells can be inhibited by selective antagonists of the matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), suggesting that the cross-talk between IL-17A and MMP-9 may promote cancer invasiveness and metastasis. Here, we present a novel strategy for developing cancer therapeutics, based on the simultaneous binding and inhibition of both IL-17A and MMP-9. To this end, we use a bi-specific heterodimeric fusion protein, comprising a natural inhibitor of MMPs (N-TIMP2) fused with an engineered extracellular domain (V3) of the IL-17A receptor. We show that, as compared with the mono-specific inhibitors of IL-17A (V3) and MMP-9 (N-TIMP2), the engineered bi-specific fusion protein inhibits both MMP-9 activation and IL-17A-induced cytokine secretion from fibroblasts and exhibits a synergistic inhibition of both the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Our findings demonstrate, for the first time, that dual targeting of inflammatory (IL-17A) and extracellular matrix remodeling (MMP) pathways can potentially be used as a novel therapeutic approach against cancer. Moreover, the platform developed here for generating the bi-specific IL-17A/MMP-9 inhibitor can be utilized for generating bi-specific inhibitors for other cytokines and MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Koslawsky
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Marianna Zaretsky
- Department of Life Sciences, The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ron Alcalay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Ohad Mazor
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Amir Aharoni
- Department of Life Sciences, The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Niv Papo
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, The National Institute of Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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