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Moutabian H, Radi UK, Saleman AY, Adil M, Zabibah RS, Chaitanya MNL, Saadh MJ, Jawad MJ, Hazrati E, Bagheri H, Pal RS, Akhavan-Sigari R. MicroRNA-155 and cancer metastasis: Regulation of invasion, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 250:154789. [PMID: 37741138 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Among the leading causes of death globally has been cancer. Nearly 90% of all cancer-related fatalities are attributed to metastasis, which is the growing of additional malignant growths out of the original cancer origin. Therefore, a significant clinical need for a deeper comprehension of metastasis exists. Beginning investigations are being made on the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the metastatic process. Tiny non-coding RNAs called miRNAs have a crucial part in controlling the spread of cancer. Some miRNAs regulate migration, invasion, colonization, cancer stem cells' properties, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the microenvironment, among other processes, to either promote or prevent metastasis. One of the most well-conserved and versatile miRNAs, miR-155 is primarily distinguished by overexpression in a variety of illnesses, including malignant tumors. It has been discovered that altered miR-155 expression is connected to a number of physiological and pathological processes, including metastasis. As a result, miR-155-mediated signaling pathways were identified as possible cancer molecular therapy targets. The current research on miR-155, which is important in controlling cancer cells' invasion, and metastasis as well as migration, will be summarized in the current work. The crucial significance of the lncRNA/circRNA-miR-155-mRNA network as a crucial regulator of carcinogenesis and a player in the regulation of signaling pathways or related genes implicated in cancer metastasis will be covered in the final section. These might provide light on the creation of fresh treatment plans for controlling cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Moutabian
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Usama Kadem Radi
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Mv N L Chaitanya
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center. Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Ebrahi Hazrati
- Trauma Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rashmi Saxena Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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Landeros N, Gonzalez-Hormazabal P, Pérez-Moreno P, Tapia JC, Jara L. A Single Variant in Pri-miRNA-155 Associated with Susceptibility to Hereditary Breast Cancer Promotes Aggressiveness in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315418. [PMID: 36499743 PMCID: PMC9735695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in genes encoding for microRNAs have been associated with their deregulation in breast cancer (BC). Sequencing of microRNAs deregulated in BC was performed using DNA from Chilean patients with a strong family history and negative for mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2. Seventeen variants were identified, three of which were selected for a case-control association study: rs376491654 (miR-335), rs755634302 (miR-497), and rs190708267 (miR-155). For rs190708267 C>T, the heterozygous T allele was detected in four BC cases and absent in controls, while homozygous TT cases were not detected. Variants were modelled in silico, cloned in a plasmid, expressed in BC cell lines, and functional in vitro assays were performed. Overexpression of the miR-155-T allele increased mature miR-155-5p levels in both BC cell lines, suggesting that its presence alters pre-miR-155 processing. Moreover, BC cells overexpressing the miR-155-T allele showed increased proliferation, migration, and resistance to cisplatin-induced death compared to miR-155-C overexpressing cells. Of note, the 3′UTR of APC, GSK3β, and PPP1CA genes, all into the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, were identified as direct targets. APC and GSK3β mRNA levels decreased while PP1 levels increased. These results suggest a pathogenic role of the variant rs190708267 (miR-155) in BRCA 1/2 negative BC, conferring susceptibility and promoting traits of aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Landeros
- Programa de Genética Humana, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Patricio Gonzalez-Hormazabal
- Programa de Genética Humana, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Pablo Pérez-Moreno
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Julio C Tapia
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Lilian Jara
- Programa de Genética Humana, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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Yu Y, Li M, Zhao Y, Fan F, Wu W, Gao Y, Bai C. Immune cell-derived extracellular vesicular microRNAs induce pancreatic beta cell apoptosis. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11995. [PMID: 36561684 PMCID: PMC9763775 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by an autoimmune response against pancreatic islet β cells. Increasing evidence indicates that specific microRNAs (miRNAs) from immune cells extracellular vesicles are involved in islet β cells apoptosis. Methods In this study, the microarray datasets GSE27997 and GSE137637 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. miRNAs that promote islet β cells apoptosis in T1DM were searched in PubMed. We used the FunRich tool to determine the miRNA expression in extracellular vesicles derived from immune cells associated with islet β cell apoptosis, of which we selected candidate miRNAs based on fold change expression. Potential upstream transcription factors and downstream target genes of candidate miRNAs were predicted using TransmiR V2.0 and starBase database, respectively. Results Candidate miRNAs expressed in extracellular vesicles derived from T cells, pro-inflammatory macrophages, B cells, and dendritic cells were analyzed to identify the miRNAs involved in β cells apoptosis. Based on these candidate miRNAs, 25 downstream candidate genes, which positively regulate β cell functions, were predicted and screened; 17 transcription factors that positively regulate the candidate miRNAs were also identified. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that immune cell-derived extracellular vesicular miRNAs could promote islet β cell dysfunction and apoptosis. Based on these findings, we have constructed a transcription factor-miRNA-gene regulatory network, which provides a theoretical basis for clinical management of T1DM. This study provides novel insights into the mechanism underlying immune cell-derived extracellular vesicle-mediated islet β cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Yu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, PR China
| | - Mengyin Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, 272067, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Zhao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, PR China
| | - Fangzhou Fan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, PR China
| | - Wenxiang Wu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, PR China
| | - Yuhua Gao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Chunyu Bai
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272067, PR China
- Corresponding author.
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miR-155: An Important Role in Inflammation Response. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7437281. [PMID: 35434143 PMCID: PMC9007653 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7437281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, mature, noncoding RNA that lead to posttranscriptional gene silencing to regulate gene expression. miRNAs are instrumental in biological processes such as cell development, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell apoptosis. The miRNA-mediated gene silencing is an important part of the regulation of gene expression in many kinds of diseases. miR-155, one of the best-characterized miRNAs, has been found to be closely related to physiological and pathological processes. What is more, miR-155 can be used as a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. We analyze the articles about miR-155 for nearly five years, review the advanced study on the function of miR-155 in different inflammatory cells like T cells, B cells, DCs, and macrophages, and then summarize the biological functions of miR-155 in different inflammatory cells. The widespread involvement of miR-155 in human diseases has led to a novel therapeutic approach between Chinese and Western medicine.
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SATB1 protein is associated with the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition process in non‑small cell lung cancers. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:118. [PMID: 33955522 PMCID: PMC8107643 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms and the leading cause of cancer‑related mortality worldwide. Its predominant subtype is non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for over 80% of the cases. Surprisingly, the majority of lung cancer‑related deaths are caused not by a primary tumour itself, but by its metastasis to distant organs. Therefore, it becomes especially important to identify the factors involved in lung cancer metastatic spread. Special AT‑rich binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a nuclear matrix protein that mediates chromatin looping and plays the role of global transcriptional regulator. During the past decade, it has received much attention as a factor promoting tumour invasion. In breast, colorectal and prostate cancers, SATB1 has been shown to influence the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, which is thought to be crucial for cancer metastasis. The aim of this study was to analyse the possible correlations between the expression of SATB1 and major EMT‑associated proteins in NSCLC clinical samples. Additionally, the impact of EMT induction in NSCLC cell lines on SATB1 mRNA expression was also investigated. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of SATB1, SNAIL, SLUG, Twist1, E‑cadherin, and N‑cadherin in 242 lung cancer clinical samples. EMT was induced by TGF‑β1 treatment in the A549 and NCI‑H1703 lung cancer cell lines. Changes in gene expression profiles were analyzed using real‑time PCR and Droplet Digital PCR. SATB1 expression was positively correlated with the expression of SNAIL (R=0.129; P=0.045), SLUG (R=0.449; P<0.0001), and Twist1 (R=0.264; P<0.0001). Moreover, SATB1 expression significantly increased after in vitro EMT induction in A549 and NCI‑H1703 cell lines. The results obtained may point to the role of SATB1 as one of the regulators of EMT in NSCLC.
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Brunty S, Ray Wright K, Mitchell B, Santanam N. Peritoneal Modulators of EZH2-miR-155 Cross-Talk in Endometriosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073492. [PMID: 33800594 PMCID: PMC8038067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) by EZH2, a component of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is suggested to play a role in endometriosis. However, the mechanism by which this complex is dysregulated in endometriosis is not completely understood. Here, using eutopic and ectopic tissues, as well as peritoneal fluid (PF) from IRB-approved and consented patients with and without endometriosis, the expression of PRC2 complex components, JARID2, miR-155 (known regulators of EZH2), and a key inflammatory modulator, FOXP3, was measured. A higher expression of EZH2, H3K27me3, JARID2, and FOXP3 as well as miR-155 was noted in both the patient tissues and in endometrial PF treated cells. Gain-or-loss of function of miR-155 showed an effect on the PRC2 complex but had little effect on JARID2 expression, suggesting alternate pathways. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR showed differential expression of PRC2 complex proteins and its associated binding partners in JARID2 vs. EZH2 pull down assays. In particular, endometriotic PF treatment increased the expression of PHF19 (p = 0.0474), a gene silencer and co-factor that promotes PRC2 interaction with its targets. Thus, these studies have identified the potential novel crosstalk between miR-155-PRC2 complex-JARID2 and PHF19 in endometriosis, providing an opportunity to test other epigenetic targets in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Brunty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (S.B.); (K.R.W.)
| | - Kristeena Ray Wright
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (S.B.); (K.R.W.)
| | - Brenda Mitchell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA;
| | - Nalini Santanam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA; (S.B.); (K.R.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu Y, Chen T, Guo M, Li Y, Zhang Q, Tan G, Yu L, Tan Y. FOXA2-Interacting FOXP2 Prevents Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Breast Cancer Cells by Stimulating E-Cadherin and PHF2 Transcription. Front Oncol 2021; 11:605025. [PMID: 33718155 PMCID: PMC7947682 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.605025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXP2, a member of forkhead box transcription factor family, was first identified as a language-related gene that played an important role in language learning and facial movement. In addition, FOXP2 was also suggested regulating the progression of cancer cells. In previous studies, we found that FOXA2 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells. In this study, by identifying FOXA2-interacting proteins from FOXA2-pull-down cell lysates with Mass Spectrometry Analysis, we found that FOXP2 interacted with FOXA2. After confirming the interaction between FOXP2 and FOXA2 through Co-IP and immunofluorescence assays, we showed a correlated expression of FOXP2 and FOXA2 existing in clinical breast cancer samples. The overexpression of FOXP2 attenuated the mesenchymal phenotype whereas the stable knockdown of FOXP2 promoted EMT in breast cancer cells. Even though FOXP2 was believed to act as a transcriptional repressor in most cases, we found that FOXP2 could activate the expression of tumor suppressor PHF2. Meanwhile, we also found that FOXP2 could endogenously bind to the promoter of E-cadherin and activate its transcription. This transcriptional activity of FOXP2 relied on its interaction with FOXA2. Furthermore, the stable knockdown of FOXP2 enhanced the metastatic capacity of breast cancer cells in vivo. Together, the results suggested that FOXP2 could inhibit EMT by activating the transcription of certain genes, such as E-cadherin and PHF2, in concert with FOXA2 in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Anticancer Targeted Protein Pharmaceuticals, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Taolin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Anticancer Targeted Protein Pharmaceuticals, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Anticancer Targeted Protein Pharmaceuticals, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Anticancer Targeted Protein Pharmaceuticals, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Anticancer Targeted Protein Pharmaceuticals, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Guixiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Anticancer Targeted Protein Pharmaceuticals, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Anticancer Targeted Protein Pharmaceuticals, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongjun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan Engineering Research Center for Anticancer Targeted Protein Pharmaceuticals, Hunan University, Changsha, China
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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Tiny miRNAs Play a Big Role in the Treatment of Breast Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020337. [PMID: 33477629 PMCID: PMC7831489 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of tumour progression and metastasis in breast cancer. Through a review of multiple studies, this paper has identified the key regulatory roles of oncogenic miRNAs in breast cancer metastasis including the potentiation of angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the Warburg effect, and the tumour microenvironment. Several approaches have been studied for selective targeting of breast tumours by miRNAs, ranging from delivery systems such as extracellular vesicles and liposomes to the use of prodrugs and functionally modified vehicle-free miRNAs. While promising, these miRNA-based therapies face challenges including toxicity and immunogenicity, and greater research on their safety profiles must be performed before progressing to clinical trials. Abstract Distant organ metastases accounts for the majority of breast cancer deaths. Given the prevalence of breast cancer in women, it is imperative to understand the underlying mechanisms of its metastatic progression and identify potential targets for therapy. Since their discovery in 1993, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of tumour progression and metastasis in various cancers, playing either oncogenic or tumour suppressor roles. In the following review, we discuss the roles of miRNAs that potentiate four key areas of breast cancer metastasis—angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the Warburg effect and the tumour microenvironment. We then evaluate the recent developments in miRNA-based therapies in breast cancer, which have shown substantial promise in controlling tumour progression and metastasis. Yet, certain challenges must be overcome before these strategies can be implemented in clinical trials.
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Zeng Y, Que T, Lin J, Zhan Z, Xu A, Wu Z, Xie C, Luo J, Ding S, Long H, Zhang X, Song Y. Oncogenic ZEB2/miR-637/HMGA1 signaling axis targeting vimentin promotes the malignant phenotype of glioma. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 23:769-782. [PMID: 33614228 PMCID: PMC7868719 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system. We previously confirmed that zinc finger E-box binding homeobox (ZEB) 2 promotes the malignant progression of glioma, while microRNA-637 (miR-637) is associated with favorable prognosis in glioma. This study aimed to investigate the potential interaction between ZEB2 and miR-637 and its downstream signaling pathway in glioma. The results revealed that ZEB2 could directly bind to the E-box elements in the miR-637 promoter and promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via miR-637 downregulation. Subsequent screening confirmed that HMGA1 was a direct target of miR-637, while miR-637 could drive the malignant phenotype of glioma by suppressing HMGA1 both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, interaction between cytoplasmic HMGA1 and vimentin was observed, and vimentin inhibition could abolish increased migration and invasion induced by HMGA1 overexpression. Both HMGA1 and vimentin were associated with an unfavorable prognosis in glioma. Additionally, upregulated HMGA1 and vimentin were found in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type and 1p/19q non-codeletion diffusely infiltrating glioma. In conclusion, we identified an oncogenic ZEB2/miR-637/HMGA1 signaling axis targeting vimentin that promotes both migration and invasion in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianshi Que
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengming Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Anqi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfeng Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510375, People's Republic of China
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Wang S, Ling Y, Yao Y, Zheng G, Chen W. Luteolin inhibits respiratory syncytial virus replication by regulating the MiR-155/SOCS1/STAT1 signaling pathway. Virol J 2020; 17:187. [PMID: 33239033 PMCID: PMC7688008 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-020-01451-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, children, immunocompromised adults, and elderly individuals. Currently, there are few therapeutic options available to prevent RSV infection. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of luteolin on RSV replication and the related mechanisms. Material and methods We pretreated cells and mice with luteolin before infection with RSV, the virus titer, expressions of RSV-F, interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs), and production of IFN-α and IFN-β were determined by plaque assay, RT-qPCR, and ELISA, respectively. The activation of Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling pathway was detected by Western blotting and luciferase assay. Proteins which negatively regulate STAT1 were determined by Western blotting. Then cells were transfected with suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) plasmid and virus replication and ISGs expression were determined. Luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting were performed to detect the relationship between SOCS1 and miR-155. Results Luteolin inhibited RSV replication, as shown by the decreased viral titer and RSV-F mRNA expression both in vitro and in vivo. The antiviral activity of luteolin was attributed to the enhanced phosphorylation of STAT1, resulting in the increased production of ISGs. Further study showed that SOCS1 was downregulated by luteolin and SOCS1 is a direct target of microRNA-155 (miR-155). Inhibition of miR-155 rescued luteolin-mediated SOCS1 downregulation, whereas upregulation of miR-155 enhanced the inhibitory effect of luteolin. Conclusion Luteolin inhibits RSV replication by regulating the miR-155/SOCS1/STAT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiting Ling
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Yao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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MicroRNAs and Their Influence on the ZEB Family: Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071040. [PMID: 32664703 PMCID: PMC7407563 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular signaling pathways involved in cancer have been intensively studied due to their crucial role in cancer cell growth and dissemination. Among them, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) and -2 (ZEB2) are molecules that play vital roles in signaling pathways to ensure the survival of tumor cells, particularly through enhancing cell proliferation, promoting cell migration and invasion, and triggering drug resistance. Importantly, ZEB proteins are regulated by microRNAs (miRs). In this review, we demonstrate the impact that miRs have on cancer therapy, through their targeting of ZEB proteins. MiRs are able to act as onco-suppressor factors and inhibit the malignancy of tumor cells through ZEB1/2 down-regulation. This can lead to an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism, therefore reducing metastasis. Additionally, miRs are able to inhibit ZEB1/2-mediated drug resistance and immunosuppression. Additionally, we explore the upstream modulators of miRs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as these regulators can influence the inhibitory effect of miRs on ZEB proteins and cancer progression.
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Atashgaran V, Dasari P, Hodson LJ, Evdokiou A, Barry SC, Ingman WV. Foxp3 heterozygosity does not overtly affect mammary gland development during puberty or the oestrous cycle in mice. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:774-782. [PMID: 32389178 DOI: 10.1071/rd19378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Female mice heterozygous for a genetic mutation in transcription factor forkhead box p3 (Foxp3) spontaneously develop mammary cancers; however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. We hypothesised that increased cancer susceptibility is associated with an underlying perturbation in mammary gland development. The role of Foxp3 in mammary ductal morphogenesis was investigated in heterozygous Foxp3Sf/+ and wildtype Foxp3+/+ mice during puberty and at specific stages of the oestrous cycle. No differences in mammary ductal branching morphogenesis, terminal end bud formation or ductal elongation were observed in pubertal Foxp3Sf/+ mice compared with Foxp3+/+ mice. During adulthood, all mice underwent normal regular oestrous cycles. No differences in epithelial branching morphology were detected in mammary glands from mice at the oestrus, metoestrus, dioestrus and pro-oestrus stages of the cycle. Furthermore, abundance of Foxp3 mRNA and protein in the mammary gland and lymph nodes was not altered in Foxp3Sf/+ mice compared with Foxp3+/+ mice. These studies suggest that Foxp3 heterozygosity does not overtly affect mammary gland development during puberty or the oestrous cycle. Further studies are required to dissect the underlying mechanisms of increased mammary cancer susceptibility in Foxp3Sf/+ heterozygous mice and the function of this transcription factor in normal mammary gland development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Atashgaran
- Discipline of Surgical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia; and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Pallave Dasari
- Discipline of Surgical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia; and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Leigh J Hodson
- Discipline of Surgical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia; and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Andreas Evdokiou
- Discipline of Surgical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Simon C Barry
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
| | - Wendy V Ingman
- Discipline of Surgical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia; and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; and Corresponding author.
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Glatzel-Plucińska N, Piotrowska A, Dzięgiel P, Podhorska-Okołów M. The Role of SATB1 in Tumour Progression and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4156. [PMID: 31450715 PMCID: PMC6747166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a long-drawn, multistep process, in which metastatic spread is an unequivocal hallmark of a poor prognosis. The progression and dissemination of epithelial cancers is commonly thought to rely on the epidermal-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. During EMT, epithelial cells lose their junctions and apical-basal polarity, and they acquire a mesenchymal phenotype with its migratory and invasive capabilities. One of the proteins involved in cancer progression and EMT may be SATB1 (Special AT-Rich Binding Protein 1)-a chromatin organiser and a global transcriptional regulator. SATB1 organizes chromatin into spatial loops, providing a "docking site" necessary for the binding of further transcription factors and chromatin modifying enzymes. SATB1 has the ability to regulate whole sets of genes, even those located on distant chromosomes. SATB1 was found to be overexpressed in numerous malignancies, including lymphomas, breast, colorectal, prostate, liver, bladder and ovarian cancers. In the solid tumours, an elevated SATB1 level was observed to be associated with an aggressive phenotype, presence of lymph node, distant metastases, and a poor prognosis. In this review, we briefly describe the prognostic significance of SATB1 expression in most common human cancers, and analyse its impact on EMT and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Glatzel-Plucińska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
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Silencing of hsa_circ_0004771 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in breast cancer through activation of miR-653 by targeting ZEB2 signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181919. [PMID: 30979827 PMCID: PMC6522819 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported as the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to sponge microRNAs (miRNAs) implicating in the initiation and progression of breast cancer. However, the functions of circRNAs in breast cancer have not been completely clarified. In the present study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in breast cancer tumor tissues, and their roles and downstream targets were investigated in the progression of breast cancer. Methods: High-throughput circRNA sequencing was performed to detect the differentially expressed circRNAs. The CCK-8 and flow cytometry were performed to measure the cell viability and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Gene and protein expression were assayed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Results: hsa_circ_0004771 and Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) expression levels were up-regulated and positively correlated in breast cancer tumor tissues. In addition, the expression levels of miR-653 were reduced in breast cancer tumor tissues. We also found that hsa_circ_0004771 functioned as a sponge of miR-653 to inhibit its expression. miR-653 as a post-transcriptional regulator down-regulated the expression of ZEB2 by binding to its 3′-UTR. Interestingly, a significant inverse correlation was observed between miR-653 and hsa_circ_0004771 or ZEB2 expression in breast cancer tumor tissues. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0004771 and ZEB2 served as equally authentic of miR-653 mimics to induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Conclusion: Hsa_circ_0004771/miR-653/ZEB2 regulatory feedback revealed a new molecular mechanism in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, which might provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are naturally occurring, highly conserved families of transcripts (∼22 nucleotides in length) that are processed from larger hairpin precursors. miRNAs primarily regulate gene expression by promoting messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or repressing mRNA translation. miRNAs have been shown to be important regulators of a variety of cellular processes involving development, differentiation, and signaling. Moreover, various human diseases, including cancer and immune dysfunction, are associated with aberrant expression of miRNAs. This review will focus on how the multifunctional miRNA, miR-155, regulates inflammatory diseases, including cancer and pulmonary disorders, and also how miR-155 expression and biogenesis are regulated. We will also provide examples of miR-155-regulated networks in coordination with other noncoding RNAs, including long noncoding RNAs as well as coding mRNAs acting as competing endogenous RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guruswamy Mahesh
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Roopa Biswas
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
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Klinge CM. Non-Coding RNAs in Breast Cancer: Intracellular and Intercellular Communication. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:E40. [PMID: 30545127 PMCID: PMC6316884 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are regulators of intracellular and intercellular signaling in breast cancer. ncRNAs modulate intracellular signaling to control diverse cellular processes, including levels and activity of estrogen receptor α (ERα), proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and stemness. In addition, ncRNAs can be packaged into exosomes to provide intercellular communication by the transmission of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to cells locally or systemically. This review provides an overview of the biogenesis and roles of ncRNAs: small nucleolar RNA (snRNA), circular RNAs (circRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), miRNAs, and lncRNAs in breast cancer. Since more is known about the miRNAs and lncRNAs that are expressed in breast tumors, their established targets as oncogenic drivers and tumor suppressors will be reviewed. The focus is on miRNAs and lncRNAs identified in breast tumors, since a number of ncRNAs identified in breast cancer cells are not dysregulated in breast tumors. The identity and putative function of selected lncRNAs increased: nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1), metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), steroid receptor RNA activator 1 (SRA1), colon cancer associated transcript 2 (CCAT2), colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE), myocardial infarction associated transcript (MIAT), and long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, Regulator of Reprogramming (LINC-ROR); and decreased levels of maternally-expressed 3 (MEG3) in breast tumors have been observed as well. miRNAs and lncRNAs are considered targets of therapeutic intervention in breast cancer, but further work is needed to bring the promise of regulating their activities to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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