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Xu T, Zhu Y, Lin Z, Lei J, Li L, Zhu W, Wu D. Evidence of Cross-Kingdom Gene Regulation by Plant MicroRNAs and Possible Reasons for Inconsistencies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4564-4573. [PMID: 38391237 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The debate on whether cross-kingdom gene regulation by orally acquired plant miRNAs is possible has been ongoing for nearly 10 years without a conclusive answer. In this study, we categorized plant miRNAs into different groups, namely, extracellular vesicle (EV)-borne plant miRNAs, extracted plant miRNAs, herbal decoction-borne plant miRNAs, synthetic plant miRNA mimics, and plant tissue/juice-borne plant miRNAs. This categorization aimed to simplify the analysis and address the question more specifically. Our evidence suggests that EV-borne plant miRNAs, extracted plant miRNAs, herbal decoction-borne plant miRNAs, and synthetic plant miRNA mimics consistently facilitate cross-kingdom gene regulation. However, the results regarding the cross-kingdom gene regulation by plant tissue- and juice-borne plant miRNAs are inconclusive. This inconsistency may be due to variations in study methods, a low absorption rate of miRNAs and the selective absorption of plant miRNAs in the gastrointestinal tract. Overall, it is deduced that cross-kingdom gene regulation by orally acquired plant miRNAs can occur under certain circumstances, depending on factors such as the types of plant miRNAs, the delivery mechanism, and their concentrations in the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tielong Xu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Mei Ling Avenue, Nanchang 330004, P.R. China
| | - Yating Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Mei Ling Avenue, Nanchang 330004, P.R. China
| | - Ziqi Lin
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Mei Ling Avenue, Nanchang 330004, P.R. China
| | - Jinyue Lei
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Mei Ling Avenue, Nanchang 330004, P.R. China
| | - Longxue Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Mei Ling Avenue, Nanchang 330004, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Mei Ling Avenue, Nanchang 330004, P.R. China
| | - Diyao Wu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 1688 Mei Ling Avenue, Nanchang 330004, P.R. China
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Martino E, D’Onofrio N, Balestrieri A, Colloca A, Anastasio C, Sardu C, Marfella R, Campanile G, Balestrieri ML. Dietary Epigenetic Modulators: Unravelling the Still-Controversial Benefits of miRNAs in Nutrition and Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:160. [PMID: 38201989 PMCID: PMC10780859 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of nutrient-driven epigenetic alterations, food-derived miRNAs can be absorbed into the circulatory system and organs of recipients, especially humans, and potentially contribute to modulating health and diseases. Evidence suggests that food uptake, by carrying exogenous miRNAs (xenomiRNAs), regulates the individual miRNA profile, modifying the redox homeostasis and inflammatory conditions underlying pathological processes, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. The capacity of diet to control miRNA levels and the comprehension of the unique characteristics of dietary miRNAs in terms of gene expression regulation show important perspectives as a strategy to control disease susceptibility via epigenetic modifications and refine the clinical outcomes. However, the absorption, stability, availability, and epigenetic roles of dietary miRNAs are intriguing and currently the subject of intense debate; additionally, there is restricted knowledge of their physiological and potential side effects. Within this framework, we provided up-to-date and comprehensive knowledge on dietary miRNAs' potential, discussing the latest advances and controversial issues related to the role of miRNAs in human health and disease as modulators of chronic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Martino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.C.); (C.A.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Nunzia D’Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.C.); (C.A.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Anna Balestrieri
- Food Safety Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Antonino Colloca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.C.); (C.A.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Camilla Anastasio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.C.); (C.A.); (M.L.B.)
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.M.); (A.C.); (C.A.); (M.L.B.)
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Guo S, Chen M, Li S, Geng Z, Jin Y, Liu D. Natural Products Treat Colorectal Cancer by Regulating miRNA. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1122. [PMID: 37631037 PMCID: PMC10459054 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diseases are evolving as living standards continue to improve. Cancer is the main cause of death and a major public health problem that seriously threatens human life. Colorectal cancer is one of the top ten most common malignant tumors in China, ranking second after gastric cancer among gastrointestinal malignant tumors, and its incidence rate is increasing dramatically each year due to changes in the dietary habits and lifestyle of the world's population. Although conventional therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, have profoundly impacted the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), drug resistance and toxicity remain substantial challenges. Natural products, such as dietary therapeutic agents, are considered the safest alternative for treating CRC. In addition, there is substantial evidence that natural products can induce apoptosis, inhibit cell cycle arrest, and reduce the invasion and migration of colon cancer cells by targeting and regulating the expression and function of miRNAs. Here, we summarize the recent research findings on the miRNA-regulation-based antitumor mechanisms of various active ingredients in natural products, highlighting how natural products target miRNA regulation in colon cancer prevention and treatment. The application of natural drug delivery systems and predictive disease biomarkers in cancer prevention and treatment is also discussed. Such approaches will contribute to the discovery of new regulatory mechanisms associated with disease pathways and provide a new theoretical basis for developing novel colon cancer drugs and compounds and identifying new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ye Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (S.G.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (Z.G.)
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (S.G.); (M.C.); (S.L.); (Z.G.)
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Pieri M, Theori E, Dweep H, Flourentzou M, Kalampalika F, Maniori MA, Papagregoriou G, Papaneophytou C, Felekkis K. A bovine miRNA, bta-miR-154c, withstands in vitro human digestion but does not affect cell viability of colorectal human cell lines after transfection. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:925-936. [PMID: 35318810 PMCID: PMC9063428 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent human cancer with over 1.3 million new cases globally. CRC is a complex disease caused by interactions between genetic and environmental factors; in particular, high consumption of red meat, including beef, is considered a risk factor for CRC initiation and progression. Recent data demonstrate that exogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) entering the body via ingestion could pose an effect on the consumer. In this study, we focused on bovine miRNAs that do not share a seed sequence with humans and mice. We identified bta-miR-154c, a bovine miRNA found in edible parts of beef and predicted via cross-species bioinformatic analysis to affect cancer-related pathways in human cells. When bovine tissue was subjected to cooking and a simulation of human digestion, bta-miR-154c was still detected after all procedures, albeit at reduced concentrations. However, lipofection of bta-miR-154c in three different colorectal human cell lines did not affect their viability as evaluated at various time points and concentrations. These data indicate that bta-miR-154c (a) may affect cancer-related pathways in human cells, (b) can withstand digestion and be detected after all stages of an in vitro digestion protocol, but (c) it does not appear to alter epithelial cell viability after entering human enterocytes, even at supraphysiological amounts. Further experiments will elucidate whether bta-miR-154c exerts a different functional effect on the human gut epithelium, which may cause it to contribute to CRC progression through its consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrtani Pieri
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Elena Theori
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Harsh Dweep
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kyriacos Felekkis
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
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Jia M, He J, Bai W, Lin Q, Deng J, Li W, Bai J, Fu D, Ma Y, Ren J, Xiong S. Cross-kingdom regulation by dietary plant miRNAs: an evidence-based review with recent updates. Food Funct 2021; 12:9549-9562. [PMID: 34664582 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01156a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As non-coding RNA molecules, microRNAs (miRNAs) are widely known for their critical role in gene regulation. Recent studies have shown that plant miRNAs obtained through dietary oral administration can survive in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, enter the circulatory system and regulate endogenous mRNAs. Diet-derived plant miRNAs have 2'-O-methylated modified 3'ends and high cytosine and guanine (GC) content, as well as exosomal packaging, which gives them high stability even in the harsh environment of the digestive system and circulatory system. The latest evidence shows that dietary plant miRNAs can not only be absorbed in the intestine, but also be absorbed and packaged by gastric epithelial cells and then secreted into the circulatory system. Alternatively, these biologically active plant-derived miRNAs may also affect the health of the host by affecting the function of the microbiome, while not need to be taken into the host's circulatory system and transferred to remote tissues. This cross-kingdom regulation of miRNAs gives us hope for exploring their therapeutic potential and as dietary supplements. However, doubts have also been raised about the cross-border regulation of miRNAs, suggesting that technical flaws in the experiments may have led to this hypothesis. In this article, we summarize the visibility of dietary plant miRNAs in the development of human health and recent research data on their use in therapeutics. The regulation of plant miRNAs across kingdoms is a novel concept. Continued efforts in this area will broaden our understanding of the biological role of plant miRNAs and will open the way for the development of new approaches to prevent or treat human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- MingXi Jia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China. .,College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - JinTao He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - WeiDong Bai
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, Guangdong, China
| | - QinLu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Jing Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Jie Bai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Da Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China. .,Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - YuShui Ma
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - JiaLi Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Edible forestry Resources Safety and Processing Utilization, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - ShouYao Xiong
- College of Mathematics and Statistics, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
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Alshehri B. Plant-derived xenomiRs and cancer: Cross-kingdom gene regulation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2408-2422. [PMID: 33911956 PMCID: PMC8071896 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) critically regulate several major intracellular and metabolic activities, including cancer evolution. Currently, increasing evidence indicates that exosome harbor and transport these miRNAs from donor cells to neighboring and distantly related recipient cells, often in a cross-species manner. Several studies have reported that plant-based miRNAs can be absorbed into the serum of humans, where they hinder the expression of human disease-related genes. Moreover, few recent studies have demonstrated the role of these xenomiRs in cancer development and progression. However, the cross-kingdom gene regulation hypothesis remains highly debatable, and many follow up studies fail to reproduce the same. There are reports that show no effect of plant-derived miRNAs on mammalian cancers. The foremost cause of this controversy remains the lack of reproducibility of the results. Here, we reassess the latest developments in the field of cross-kingdom transference of miRNAs, emphasizing on the role of the diet-based xenomiRs on cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
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Dávalos A, Pinilla L, López de Las Hazas MC, Pinto-Hernández P, Barbé F, Iglesias-Gutiérrez E, de Gonzalo-Calvo D. Dietary microRNAs and cancer: A new therapeutic approach? Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:19-29. [PMID: 33086083 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of premature death and constitutes a challenge for both low- and high-income societies. Previous evidence supports a close association between modifiable risk factors, including dietary habits, and cancer risk. Investigation of molecular mechanisms that mediate the pro-oncogenic and anti-oncogenic effects of diet is therefore fundamental. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have received much attention in the past few decades as crucial molecular elements of human physiology and disease. Aberrant expression patterns of these small noncoding transcripts have been observed in a wide array of cancers. Interestingly, human miRNAs not only can be modulated by bioactive dietary components, but it has also been proposed that diet-derived miRNAs may contribute to the pool of human miRNAs. Results from independent groups have suggested that these exogenous miRNAs may be functional in organisms. These findings open the door to novel and innovative approaches to cancer therapy. Here, we provide an overview of the biology of miRNAs, with a special focus on plant-derived dietary miRNAs, summarize recent findings in the field of cancer, address the possible applications to clinical practice and discuss obstacles and challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Crta. de, Carr. de Canto Blanco, nº8, E, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Pinilla
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Crta. de, Carr. de Canto Blanco, nº8, E, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Pinto-Hernández
- Department of Functional Biology, Physiology, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ferran Barbé
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Iglesias-Gutiérrez
- Department of Functional Biology, Physiology, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería, 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Roma, s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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