1
|
Ruggiero C, Tamburello M, Rossini E, Zini S, Durand N, Cantini G, Cioppi F, Hantel C, Kiseljak-Vassiliades K, Wierman ME, Landwehr LS, Weigand I, Kurlbaum M, Zizioli D, Turtoi A, Yang S, Berruti A, Luconi M, Sigala S, Lalli E. FSCN1 as a new druggable target in adrenocortical carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2023; 153:210-223. [PMID: 36971100 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with a high risk of relapse and metastatic spread. The actin-bundling protein fascin (FSCN1) is overexpressed in aggressive ACC and represents a reliable prognostic indicator. FSCN1 has been shown to synergize with VAV2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho/Rac GTPase family, to enhance the invasion properties of ACC cancer cells. Based on those results, we investigated the effects of FSCN1 inactivation by CRISPR/Cas9 or pharmacological blockade on the invasive properties of ACC cells, both in vitro and in an in vivo metastatic ACC zebrafish model. Here, we showed that FSCN1 is a transcriptional target for β-catenin in H295R ACC cells and that its inactivation resulted in defects in cell attachment and proliferation. FSCN1 knock-out modulated the expression of genes involved in cytoskeleton dynamics and cell adhesion. When Steroidogenic Factor-1 (SF-1) dosage was upregulated in H295R cells, activating their invasive capacities, FSCN1 knock-out reduced the number of filopodia, lamellipodia/ruffles and focal adhesions, while decreasing cell invasion in Matrigel. Similar effects were produced by the FSCN1 inhibitor G2-044, which also diminished the invasion of other ACC cell lines expressing lower levels of FSCN1 than H295R. In the zebrafish model, metastases formation was significantly reduced in FSCN1 knock-out cells and G2-044 significantly reduced the number of metastases formed by ACC cells. Our results indicate that FSCN1 is a new druggable target for ACC and provide the rationale for future clinical trials with FSCN1 inhibitors in patients with ACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ruggiero
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS UMR 7275, 06560, Valbonne, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Mariangela Tamburello
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Rossini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Zini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nelly Durand
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS UMR 7275, 06560, Valbonne, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Giulia Cantini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione sulle Patologie Surrenaliche, AOU Careggi, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Cioppi
- Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione sulle Patologie Surrenaliche, AOU Careggi, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Constanze Hantel
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), 8091, Zürich, Switzerland
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja Kiseljak-Vassiliades
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 80045, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Margaret E Wierman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 80045, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 80045, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Laura-Sophie Landwehr
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology-Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Weigand
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology-Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Max Kurlbaum
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology-Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Zizioli
- Section of Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Tumor Microenvironment and Resistance to Therapy Laboratory, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier-INSERM U1194, 34090, Montpellier, France
- Platform for Translational Oncometabolomics, Biocampus, CNRS-INSERM-Université de Montpellier, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, 17033, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alfredo Berruti
- Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione sulle Patologie Surrenaliche, AOU Careggi, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Sigala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25124, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enzo Lalli
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS UMR 7275, 06560, Valbonne, France
- Université Côte d'Azur, 06560, Valbonne, France
- Inserm, 06560, Valbonne, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang N, Bian Q, Gao Y, Wang Q, Shi Y, Li X, Ma X, Chen H, Zhao Z, Yu H. The Role of Fascin-1 in Human Urologic Cancers: A Promising Biomarker or Therapeutic Target? Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231175733. [PMID: 37246525 PMCID: PMC10240877 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231175733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cancer statistics show that an increased incidence of urologic cancers such as bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. Due to the lack of early markers and effective therapeutic targets, their prognosis is poor. Fascin-1 is an actin-binding protein, which functions in the formation of cell protrusions by cross-linking with actin filaments. Studies have found that fascin-1 expression is elevated in most human cancers and is related to outcomes such as neoplasm metastasis, reduced survival, and increased aggressiveness. Fascin-1 has been considered as a potential therapeutic target for urologic cancers, but there is no comprehensive review to evaluate these studies. This review aimed to provide an enhanced literature review, outline, and summarize the mechanism of fascin-1 in urologic cancers and discuss the therapeutic potential of fascin-1 and the possibility of its use as a potential marker. We also focused on the correlation between the overexpression of fascin-1 and clinicopathological parameters. Mechanistically, fascin-1 is regulated by several regulators and signaling pathways (such as long noncoding RNA, microRNA, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and extracellular regulated protein kinases). The overexpression of fascin-1 is related to clinicopathologic parameters such as pathological stage, bone or lymph node metastasis, and reduced disease-free survival. Several fascin-1 inhibitors (G2, NP-G2-044) have been evaluated in vitro and in preclinical models. The study proved the promising potential of fascin-1 as a newly developing biomarker and a potential therapeutic target that needs further investigation. The data also highlight the inadequacy of fascin-1 to serve as a novel biomarker for prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naibin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Bian
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankun Gao
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangling Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyuan Chen
- College of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhankui Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglian Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moore EC, Ioannou L, Ruseckaite R, Serpell J, Ahern S. Hereditary Endocrine Tumor Registries. J Endocr Soc 2022; 7:bvac194. [PMID: 36632485 PMCID: PMC9825730 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Endocrine neoplasia syndromes are phenotypically complex, and there is a misconception that they are universally rare. Genetic alterations are increasingly recognized; however, true prevalence is unknown. The purpose of a clinical registry is to monitor the quality of health care delivered to a specified group of patients through the collection, analysis, and reporting of relevant health-related information. This leads to improved clinical practice, decision-making, patient satisfaction, and outcome. Objective This review aims to identify, compare, and contrast active registries worldwide that capture data relevant to hereditary endocrine tumors (HETs). Methods Clinical registries were identified using a systematic approach from publications (Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE) peer consultation, clinical trials, and web searches. Inclusion criteria were hereditary endocrine tumors, clinical registries, and English language. Exclusion criteria were institutional audits, absence of clinical data, or inactivity. Details surrounding general characteristics, funding, data fields, collection periods, and entry methods were collated. Results Fifteen registries specific for HET were shortlisted with 136 affiliated peer-reviewed manuscripts. Conclusion There are few clinical registries specific to HET. Most of these are European, and the data collected are highly variable. Further research into their effectiveness is warranted. We note the absence of an Australian registry for all HET, which would provide potential health and economic gains. This review presents a unique opportunity to harmonize registry data for HET locally and further afield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwina C Moore
- Correspondence: Edwina C. Moore, MBBS (HONS), BMedSci, Peninsula Private Hospital, 525 McClelland Dr, Ste 16, Langwarrin, VIC, 3199, Australia.
| | - Liane Ioannou
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Rasa Ruseckaite
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jonathan Serpell
- Department of Breast, Endocrine and General Surgery, Alfred Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Susannah Ahern
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Celsi F, Monasta L, Arrigoni G, Battisti I, Licastro D, Aloisio M, Di Lorenzo G, Romano F, Ricci G, Ura B. Gel-Based Proteomic Identification of Suprabasin as a Potential New Candidate Biomarker in Endometrial Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042076. [PMID: 35216190 PMCID: PMC8880426 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequent gynaecologic cancer in postmenopausal women. We used 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry to identify candidate biomarkers in endometrial cancer, analysing the serum protein contents of 10 patients versus 10 control subjects. Using gel-based proteomics, we identified 24 candidate biomarkers, considering only spots with a fold change in volume percentage ≥ 1.5 or intensity change ≤ 0.6, which were significantly different between cases and controls (p < 0.05). We used Western blotting analysis both in the serum and tissue of 43 patients for data validation. Among the identified proteins, we selected Suprabasin (SBSN), an oncogene previously associated with poor prognosis in different cancers. SBSN principal isoforms were subjected to Western blotting analysis in serum and surgery-excised tissue: both isoforms were downregulated in the tissue. However, in serum, isoform 1 was upregulated, while isoform 2 was downregulated. Data-mining on the TCGA and GTEx projects, using the GEPIA2.0 interface, indicated a diminished SBSN expression in the Uterine Corpus Endometrial Cancer (UCEC) database compared to normal tissue, confirming proteomic results. These results suggest that SBSN, specifically isoform 2, in tissue or serum, could be a potential novel biomarker in endometrial cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Celsi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 65/1 Via dell’Istria, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (F.C.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 65/1 Via dell’Istria, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (F.C.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Proteomics Centre, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (B.U.)
| | - Ilaria Battisti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Proteomics Centre, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Danilo Licastro
- ARGO Laboratorio Genomica ed Epigenomica, AREA Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Michelangelo Aloisio
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 65/1 Via dell’Istria, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (F.C.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Giovanni Di Lorenzo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 65/1 Via dell’Istria, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (F.C.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Federico Romano
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 65/1 Via dell’Istria, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (F.C.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Ricci
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 65/1 Via dell’Istria, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (F.C.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Blendi Ura
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health—IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 65/1 Via dell’Istria, 34137 Trieste, Italy; (F.C.); (L.M.); (M.A.); (G.D.L.); (F.R.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: (G.A.); (B.U.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li CH, Chan MH, Liang SM, Chang YC, Hsiao M. Fascin-1: Updated biological functions and therapeutic implications in cancer biology. BBA ADVANCES 2022; 2:100052. [PMID: 37082587 PMCID: PMC10074911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2022.100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Filopodia are cellular protrusions that respond to a variety of stimuli. Filopodia are formed when actin is bound to the protein Fascin, which may play a crucial role in cellular interactions and motility during cancer metastasis. Significantly, the noncanonical features of Fascin-1 are gradually being clarified, including the related molecular network contributing to metabolic reprogramming, chemotherapy resistance, stemness ac-tivity, and tumor microenvironment events. However, the relationship between biological characteristics and pathological features to identify effective therapeutic strategies needs to be studied further. The pur-pose of this review article is to provide a broad overview of the latest molecular networks and multiomics research regarding fascins and cancer. It also highlights their direct and indirect effects on available cancer treatments. With this multidisciplinary approach, researchers and clinicians can gain the most relevant in-formation on the function of fascins in cancer progression, which may facilitate clinical applications in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiu Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Shu-Mei Liang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mouzykantov AA, Rozhina EV, Fakhrullin RF, Gomzikova MO, Zolotykh MA, Chernova OA, Chernov VM. Extracellular Vesicles from Mycoplasmas Can Penetrate Eukaryotic Cells In Vitro and Modulate the Cellular Proteome. Acta Naturae 2021; 13:82-88. [PMID: 35127151 PMCID: PMC8807532 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by bacteria transport a wide range of compounds, including proteins, DNA and RNA, mediate intercellular interactions, and may be important participants in the mechanisms underlying the persistence of infectious agents. This study focuses on testing the hypothesis that the EVs of mycoplasmas, the smallest prokaryotes capable of independent reproduction, combined in the class referred to as Mollicutes, can penetrate into eukaryotic cells and modulate their immunoreactivity. To verify this hypothesis, for the first time, studies of in vitro interaction between human skin fibroblasts and vesicles isolated from Acholeplasma laidlawii (the ubiquitous mycoplasma that infects higher eukaryotes and is the main contaminant of cell cultures and vaccines) were conducted using confocal laser scanning microscopy and proteome profiling, employing a combination of 2D-DIGE and MALDI-TOF/TOF, the Mascot mass-spectrum analysis software and the DAVID functional annotation tool. These studies have revealed for the first time that the extracellular vesicles of A. laidlawii can penetrate into eukaryotic cells in vitro and modulate the expression of cellular proteins. The molecular mechanisms behind the interaction of mycoplasma vesicles with eukaryotic cells and the contribution of the respective nanostructures to the molecular machinery of cellular permissiveness still remain to be elucidated. The study of these aspects is relevant both for fundamental research into the "logic of life" of the simplest prokaryotes, and the practical development of efficient control over hypermutable bacteria infecting humans, animals and plants, as well as contaminating cell cultures and vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Mouzykantov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, 420111 Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - O. A. Chernova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, 420111 Russia
| | - V. M. Chernov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Kazan, 420111 Russia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Discovery of Prognostic Biomarkers in Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153890. [PMID: 34359790 PMCID: PMC8345732 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is an extremely rare disease with a variable prognosis. Current prognostic markers have limitations in identifying patients with a poor prognosis and who require adjuvant therapy. We developed the prognostic biomarker candidates of ACC using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics and machine learning algorithm. We further validated them in The Cancer Genome Atlas data and performed the survival analysis according to the expression levels of each protein. In addition, HNRNPA1, the protein identified as a prognostic marker of ACC based on proteomics, was validated in the immunohistochemistry staining. The prognostic protein biomarkers of ACC found in this study are expected to help determine the appropriate treatment plan for patients. Abstract Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is an extremely rare disease with a variable prognosis. Current prognostic markers have limitations in identifying patients with a poor prognosis. Herein, we aimed to investigate the prognostic protein biomarkers of ACC using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. We performed the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of 45 adrenal tumors. Then, we selected 117 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) among tumors with different stages using the machine learning algorithm. Next, we conducted a survival analysis to assess whether the levels of DEPs were related to survival. Among 117 DEPs, HNRNPA1, C8A, CHMP6, LTBP4, SPR, NCEH1, MRPS23, POLDIP2, and WBSCR16 were significantly correlated with the survival of ACC. In age- and stage-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models, only HNRNPA1, LTBP4, MRPS23, POLDIP2, and WBSCR16 expression remained significant. These five proteins were also validated in TCGA data as the prognostic biomarkers. In this study, we found that HNRNPA1, LTBP4, MRPS23, POLDIP2, and WBSCR16 were protein biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of ACC.
Collapse
|
8
|
An integrated approach for identification of a panel of candidate genes arbitrated for invasion and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6208. [PMID: 33739025 PMCID: PMC7973753 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is known for its aggressiveness associated with poor prognosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying the invasion and metastasis are still poorly understood. An improved understanding of these mechanisms shall precede the development of new diagnostic tools and targeted therapies. We report an integrated approach using bioinformatics to predict candidate genes, coupled with proteomics and immunohistochemistry for validating their presence and involvement in OSCC pathways heralding invasion and metastasis. Four genes POSTN, TNC, CAV1 and FSCN1 were identified. A protein–protein interaction network analysis teamed with pathway analysis led us to propose the role of the identified genes in invasion and metastasis in OSCC. Further analyses of archived FFPE blocks of various grades of oral cancer was carried out using TMT-based mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry. Results of this study expressed a strong communiqué and interrelationship between these candidate genes. This study emphasizes the significance of a molecular biomarker panel as a diagnostic tool and its correlation with the invasion and metastatic pathway of OSCC. An insight into the probable association of CAF's and these biomarkers in the evolution and malignant transformation of OSCC further magnifies the molecular-biological spectrum of OSCC tumour microenvironment.
Collapse
|
9
|
Cantini G, Fei L, Canu L, De Filpo G, Ercolino T, Nesi G, Mannelli M, Luconi M. Circulating Fascin 1 as a Promising Prognostic Marker in Adrenocortical Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:698862. [PMID: 34248854 PMCID: PMC8261281 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.698862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fascin-1 (FSCN1) is an actin-bundling protein associated with an invasive and aggressive phenotype of several solid carcinomas, as it is involved in cell cytoskeleton rearrangement and filopodia formation. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy characterized by poor prognosis, particularly when metastatic at diagnosis. Radical resection is the only therapeutic option for ACC patients in addition to the adjuvant treatment with mitotane. Novel specific biomarkers suggestive of tumor progression to refine diagnosis and prognosis of patients with advanced ACC are urgently needed. ACC intratumoral FSCN1 has previously been suggested as a valid prognostic marker. In the present study, we identified FSCN1 in the bloodstream of a small cohort of ACC patients (n = 27), through a specific ELISA assay for human FSCN1. FSCN1 can be detected in the serum, and its circulating levels were evaluated in pre-surgery samples, which resulted to be significantly higher in ACC patients from stage I/II and stage III/IV compared with nontumoral healthy controls (HC, n = 4, FI: 5.5 ± 0.8, P<0.001, and 8.0 ± 0.5, P < 0.001 for stage I/II and stage III/IV group vs HC, respectively). In particular, FSCN1 levels were significantly higher in advanced stage versus stage I/II (22.8 ± 1.1 vs 15.8 ± 1.8 ng/ml, P < 0.005, respectively). Interestingly, circulating levels of pre-surgical FSCN1 can significantly predict tumor progression/recurrence (Log rank = 0.013), but not the overall survival (Log rank=0.317), in patients stratified in high/low PreS FSCN1. In conclusion, these findings-though very preliminary-suggest that circulating FSCN1 may represent a new minimally-invasive prognostic marker in advanced ACC, in particular when measured before surgery enables histological diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cantini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulia Cantini,
| | - Laura Fei
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Letizia Canu
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giuseppina De Filpo
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Tonino Ercolino
- Endocrinology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nesi
- Department of Health Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Mannelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cantini G, Di Franco A, Mannelli M, Scimè A, Maggi M, Luconi M. The Role of Metabolic Changes in Shaping the Fate of Cancer-Associated Adipose Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:332. [PMID: 32478073 PMCID: PMC7242628 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue in physiological and in metabolically altered conditions (obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome) strictly interacts with the developing tumors both systemically and locally. In addition to the cancer-associated fibroblasts, adipose cells have also recently been described among the pivotal actors of the tumor microenvironment responsible for sustaining tumor development and progression. In particular, emerging evidence suggests that not only the mature adipocytes but also the adipose stem cells (ASCs) are able to establish a strict crosstalk with the tumour cells, thus resulting in a reciprocal reprogramming of both the tumor and adipose components. This review will focus on the metabolic changes induced by this interaction as a driver of fate determination occurring in cancer-associated ASCs (CA-ASCs) to support the tumor metabolic requirements. We will showcase the major role played by the metabolic changes occurring in the adipose tumor microenvironment that regulates ASC fate and consequently cancer progression. Our new results will also highlight the CA-ASC response in vitro by using a coculture system of primary ASCs grown with cancer cells originating from two different types of adrenal cancers [adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and pheochromocytoma]. In conclusion, the different factors involved in this crosstalk process will be analyzed and their effects on the adipocyte differentiation potential and functions of CA-ASCs will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cantini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Di Franco
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Mannelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anthony Scimè
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mario Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Adipose Stem Cell as a Novel Metabolic Actor in Adrenocortical Carcinoma Progression: Evidence from an In Vitro Tumor Microenvironment Crosstalk Model. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121931. [PMID: 31817072 PMCID: PMC6966501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic interplay between the tumor microenvironment and cancer cells is a potential target for novel anti-cancer approaches. Among stromal components, adipocytes and adipose precursors have been shown to actively participate in tumor progression in several solid malignancies. In adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), a rare endocrine neoplasia with a poor prognosis, cancer cells often infiltrate the fat mass surrounding the adrenal organ, enabling possible crosstalk with the adipose cells. Here, by using an in vitro co-culture system, we show that the interaction between adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and the adrenocortical cancer cell line H295R leads to metabolic and functional reprogramming of both cell types: cancer cells limit differentiation and increase proliferation of ASCs, which in turn support tumor growth and invasion. This effect associates with a shift from the paracrine cancer-promoting IGF2 axis towards an ASC-associated leptin axis, along with a shift in the SDF-1 axis towards CXCR7 expression in H295R cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that adipose precursors, as pivotal components of the ACC microenvironment, promote cancer cell reprogramming and invasion, opening new perspectives for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
12
|
Jouinot A, Armignacco R, Assié G. Genomics of benign adrenocortical tumors. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 193:105414. [PMID: 31207362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Benign adrenocortical adenomas and hyperplasia are relatively common and include a spectrum of distinct entities, which diagnosis depends on the macroscopic aspect and the secretion profile. Recent advances in genomics have proposed high-throughput molecular characterization of adrenal tumors, thereby improving our knowledge on the pathophysiology and tumorigenesis of these tumors. Genomic (exome and chromosome alteration profiles), epigenomic (micro-RNAs expression and methylation profiles) and transcriptomic (gene expression profiles) studies highlighted the major roles of intracellular calcium signaling in aldosterone-producing adenomas (APA), of protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP pathway in cortisol-producing tumors, and of Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in non-secreting tumors. Exome sequencing revealed new major drivers in all tumor types, including KCNJ5, ATP1A1, ATP2B3, CACNA1D and CACNA1H mutations in APA, PRKACA mutations in cortisol-producing adenomas (CPA) and ARMC5 mutations in primary macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PMAH). The clinical impact of these findings is just starting to evolve. The identification of genetic syndromes, such as germline ARMC5 mutations in PMAH, has allowed genetic counseling. Key molecular alterations could serve as a basis for the development of targeted medical treatments for benign adrenal tumors. The recent developments in genomics, including single-cell technologies, and in proteomics and metabolomics will probably offer new perspectives for characterizing benign adrenal tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Jouinot
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Department of Endocrinology, Referral Center for Rare Adrenal Diseases, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Armignacco
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Assié
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Department of Endocrinology, Referral Center for Rare Adrenal Diseases, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Poli G, Ruggiero C, Cantini G, Canu L, Baroni G, Armignacco R, Jouinot A, Santi R, Ercolino T, Ragazzon B, Assie G, Mannelli M, Nesi G, Lalli E, Luconi M. Fascin-1 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker Associated With Tumor Invasiveness in Adrenocortical Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1712-1724. [PMID: 30476173 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Novel tumor markers are urgently needed to better stratify adrenocortical cancer (ACC) patients and improve therapies for this aggressive neoplasm. OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of the actin-bundling protein fascin-1 (FSCN1) in adrenocortical tumors. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A local series of 37 malignant/37 benign adrenocortical tumors at Careggi University Hospital and two independent validation ACC cohorts (Cochin, TCGA) from the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES FSCN1 expression was quantified by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR in ACC specimens; overall and disease-free survival associated with FSCN1 expression were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared with that of Ki67 labeling index and tumor stage. RESULTS Despite the low diagnostic power, in the Florence ACC series, FSCN1 immunohistochemical detection appeared as an independent prognostic factor, also refining results obtained with staging and Ki67 labeling index. The robust prognostic power of FSCN1 levels was further confirmed in two independent ACC cohorts. A positive correlation was found between FSCN1 and steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1), with a substantially higher expression of both factors in ACCs at advanced stages and with at least one of the three Weiss score parameters associated with invasiveness. Moreover, we demonstrated FSCN1 role in promoting cell invasion in a human ACC cell line only in the case of increased SF-1 dosage. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that FSCN1 is a novel independent prognostic marker in ACC and may serve as a potential therapeutic target to block tumor spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Poli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carmen Ruggiero
- Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
- CNRS UMR7275, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
- NEOGENEX CNRS International Associated Laboratory, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Giulia Cantini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Letizia Canu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), Florence, Italy
| | - Gianna Baroni
- Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), Florence, Italy
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Armignacco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne Jouinot
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Raffaella Santi
- Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), Florence, Italy
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Ragazzon
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Assie
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Reference Center for Rare Adrenal Diseases Reference Center for Rare Adrenal Cancer Network COMETE, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Massimo Mannelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nesi
- Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), Florence, Italy
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Enzo Lalli
- Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
- CNRS UMR7275, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
- NEOGENEX CNRS International Associated Laboratory, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sekikawa S, Onda T, Miura N, Nomura T, Takano N, Shibahara T, Honda K. Underexpression of α-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor predicts a poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2605-2614. [PMID: 30272341 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, in order to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers for the malignant behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we determined the proteomic profiles of several OSCC cell lines and keratinocytes by two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The protein expression level of α-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMBP) was found to be significantly lower in the OSCC cell lines than in the keratinocytes, and a significant decrease in AMBP mRNA expression was confirmed in the OSCC cell lines by RT-qPCR. To investigate the biological function of AMBP in OSCC, the cells were transiently transfected with an AMBP overexpression vector; the AMBP-overexpressing cells exhibited a significantly decreased invasion and migration in comparison to the mock-transfected control cells, although no significant changes in cell proliferation were observed. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the underexpression of AMBP was significantly associated with a high metastatic potential to cervical lymph nodes and a poor overall survival. Thus, the expression of AMBP is an independent predictive factor of cervical lymph node metastasis and a prognostic factor of overall survival, and it is involved in both cell invasion and metastasis in cervical lymph nodes in OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Sekikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| | - Takeshi Onda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| | - Nami Miura
- Department of Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nomura
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 272-8513, Japan
| | - Nobuo Takano
- Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 272-8513, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shibahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 261-8502, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Honda
- Department of Biomarkers for Early Detection of Cancer, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kakurina GV, Kolegova ES, Kondakova IV. Adenylyl Cyclase-Associated Protein 1: Structure, Regulation, and Participation in Cellular Processes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018. [PMID: 29534668 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes information available to date about the structural organization, regulation of functional activity of adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), and its participation in cellular processes. Numerous data are generalized on the role of CAP1 in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton and its interactions with many actin-binding proteins. Attention is drawn to the similarity of the structure of CAP1 and its contribution to the remodeling of actin filaments in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, as well as to the difference in the interaction of CAP1 with adenylyl cyclase in these cells. In addition, we discuss the participation of CAP1 in various pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G V Kakurina
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634050, Russia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Poli G, Cantini G, Armignacco R, Fucci R, Santi R, Canu L, Nesi G, Mannelli M, Luconi M. Metformin as a new anti-cancer drug in adrenocortical carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:49636-49648. [PMID: 27391065 PMCID: PMC5226535 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare heterogeneous malignancy with poor prognosis. Since radical surgery is the only available treatment, more specific and effective drugs are urgently required. The anti-diabetic drug metformin has been associated with a decreased cancer prevalence and mortality in several solid tumors, prompting its possible use for ACC treatment. This paper evaluates the in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer effects of metformin using the ACC cell model H295R. Metformin treatment significantly reduces cell viability and proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner and associates with a significant inhibition of ERK1/2 and mTOR phosphorylation/activation, as well as with stimulation of AMPK activity. Metformin also triggers the apoptotic pathway, shown by the decreased expression of Bcl-2 and HSP27, HSP60 and HSP70, and enhanced membrane exposure of annexin V, resulting in activation of caspase-3 apoptotic effector. Metformin interferes with the proliferative autocrine loop of IGF2/IGF-1R, which supports adrenal cancer growth. Finally, in the ACC xenograft mouse model, obtained by subcutaneous injection of H295R cells, metformin intraperitoneal administration inhibits tumor growth, confirmed by the significant reduction of Ki67%. Our data suggest that metformin inhibits H295R cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Further preclinical studies are necessary to validate the potential anti-cancer effect of metformin in patients affected by ACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Poli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Cantini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Armignacco
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rossella Fucci
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Raffaella Santi
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Letizia Canu
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nesi
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Massimo Mannelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Costa R, Carneiro BA, Tavora F, Pai SG, Kaplan JB, Chae YK, Chandra S, Kopp PA, Giles FJ. The challenge of developmental therapeutics for adrenocortical carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:46734-46749. [PMID: 27102148 PMCID: PMC5216833 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare disease with an estimated incidence of only 0.7 new cases per million per year. Approximately 30-70% of the patients present with advanced disease with very poor prognosis and without effective therapeutic options. In the recent years, unprecedented progresses in cancer biology and genomics have fostered the development of numerous targeted therapies for various malignancies. Immunotherapy has also transformed the treatment landscape of malignancies such as melanoma, among others. However, these advances have not brought meaningful benefits for patients with ACC. Extensive genomic analyses of ACC have revealed numerous signal transduction pathway aberrations (e.g., insulin growth factor receptor and Wnt/β-catenin pathways) that play a central role in pathophysiology. These molecular alterations have been explored as potential therapeutic targets for drug development. This manuscript summarizes recent discoveries in ACC biology, reviews the results of early clinical studies with targeted therapies, and provides the rationale for emerging treatment strategies such as immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Costa
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Benedito A Carneiro
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fabio Tavora
- Department of Pathology, Messejana Heart and Lung Hospital, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Sachin G Pai
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason B Kaplan
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Young Kwang Chae
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sunandana Chandra
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter A Kopp
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francis J Giles
- Northwestern Medicine Developmental Therapeutics Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lalli E, Luconi M. The next step: mechanisms driving adrenocortical carcinoma metastasis. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:R31-R48. [PMID: 29142005 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine tumors have the peculiarity to become clinically evident not only due to symptoms related to space occupation by the growing lesion, similarly to most other tumors, but also, and most often, because of their specific hormonal secretion, which significantly contributes to their pathological burden. Malignant endocrine tumors, in addition, have the ability to produce distant metastases. Here, we critically review the current knowledge about mechanisms and biomarkers characterizing the metastatic process in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), a rare endocrine malignancy with a high risk of relapse and metastatization even when the primary tumor is diagnosed and surgically removed at an early stage. We highlight perspectives of future research in the domain and possible new therapeutic avenues based on targeting factors having an important role in the metastatic process of ACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Lalli
- Université Côte d'AzurValbonne, France
- CNRS UMR7275Valbonne, France
- NEOGENEX CNRS International Associated LaboratoryValbonne, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et CellulaireValbonne, France
| | - Michaela Luconi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences 'Mario Serio'University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Forthun RB, Aasebø E, Rasinger JD, Bedringaas SL, Berven F, Selheim F, Bruserud Ø, Gjertsen BT. Phosphoprotein DIGE profiles reflect blast differentiation, cytogenetic risk stratification, FLT3/NPM1 mutations and therapy response in acute myeloid leukaemia. J Proteomics 2017; 173:32-41. [PMID: 29175091 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive blood cancer characterized by a distinct block in differentiation of myeloid progenitors, recurrent chromosomal translocations and gene mutations of which >50% involve signal transduction through dysregulated kinases and phosphatases. In search for novel protein biomarkers for disease stratification we investigated the phosphoproteome in leukaemic cells from 62 AML patients at time of diagnosis using immobilized metal-affinity chromatography, protein separation by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and mass spectrometry before validation by selected reaction monitoring (SRM). Unsupervised clustering found 27 phosphoproteins significantly discriminating patients according to leukaemic cell differentiation (French-American-British (FAB) classification), cytogenetic and mutational (FLT3, NPM1) status or response to chemotherapy. Monocytic differentiation (FAB M4-M5) correlated with enrichment of proteins involved in apoptosis (MOES, ANXA5 and EFHD2). TALDO, a protein associated with thrombocytopenia if down-regulated, was elevated in patients with wild type NPM1 compared to patients with NPM1 mutation. This study demonstrates the potential of quantitative proteomics in AML classification and risk stratification. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Patients diagnosed with AML are currently categorized according to cellular morphology, cytogenetic alterations and mutations, although the majority of these cellular and genetic alterations have no or unsolved impact on therapy selection or prognosis. We therefore explored the phosphoproteome for abundance changes associated with traditional classifiers to unravel patterns that could stratify patients at the protein level. MOES, ANXA5 and EFHD2 were confirmed by SRM to be correlated to monocytic differentiation, whilst TALDO was elevated in NPM1 wild type patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakel Brendsdal Forthun
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elise Aasebø
- Department of Biomedicine, Proteomic Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, Leukemia Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Siv Lise Bedringaas
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode Berven
- Department of Biomedicine, Proteomic Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode Selheim
- Department of Biomedicine, Proteomic Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Department of Clinical Science, Leukemia Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fiskus W, Coothankandaswamy V, Chen J, Ma H, Ha K, Saenz DT, Krieger SS, Mill CP, Sun B, Huang P, Mumm JS, Melnick AM, Bhalla KN. SIRT2 Deacetylates and Inhibits the Peroxidase Activity of Peroxiredoxin-1 to Sensitize Breast Cancer Cells to Oxidant Stress-Inducing Agents. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5467-78. [PMID: 27503926 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SIRT2 is a protein deacetylase with tumor suppressor activity in breast and liver tumors where it is mutated; however, the critical substrates mediating its antitumor activity are not fully defined. Here we demonstrate that SIRT2 binds, deacetylates, and inhibits the peroxidase activity of the antioxidant protein peroxiredoxin (Prdx-1) in breast cancer cells. Ectopic overexpression of SIRT2, but not its catalytically dead mutant, increased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by hydrogen peroxide, which led to increased levels of an overoxidized and multimeric form of Prdx-1 with activity as a molecular chaperone. Elevated levels of SIRT2 sensitized breast cancer cells to intracellular DNA damage and cell death induced by oxidative stress, as associated with increased levels of nuclear FOXO3A and the proapoptotic BIM protein. In addition, elevated levels of SIRT2 sensitized breast cancer cells to arsenic trioxide, an approved therapeutic agent, along with other intracellular ROS-inducing agents. Conversely, antisense RNA-mediated attenuation of SIRT2 reversed ROS-induced toxicity as demonstrated in a zebrafish embryo model system. Collectively, our findings suggest that the tumor suppressor activity of SIRT2 requires its ability to restrict the antioxidant activity of Prdx-1, thereby sensitizing breast cancer cells to ROS-induced DNA damage and cell cytotoxicity. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5467-78. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warren Fiskus
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Kyungsoo Ha
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Dyana T Saenz
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephanie S Krieger
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher P Mill
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Baohua Sun
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston Texas
| | - Jeffrey S Mumm
- Wilmer Eye Institute and the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ari M Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Kapil N Bhalla
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adrenal tumor is a relatively common tumor. The discrimination between adrenal cortical adenoma (ACA) and adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is crucial as these two diseases have distinct prognosis. ACA is a benign tumor curable by surgical excision, while the prognosis of ACC is extremely poor, with a 5-year mortality of 75-90%. Therefore, previous proteomic studies focused on markers allowing the differentiation between ACA and ACC. AREAS COVERED Several proteomic approaches based on the analysis of various samples such as human tissues, urine, and cell lines. In this review, we focused on proteomic studies performed to improve adrenal tumor diagnosis and identify ACC therapeutic targets. Expert commentary: The rapid development of cancer genomics provided a lot of information, which affects functional proteomics. In practice, differentially expressed proteins between ACA and ACC have been suggested in several proteomic studies and had a biologic implication in ACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Min Kim
- a Department of Pathology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Lee
- a Department of Pathology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- a Department of Pathology , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sun J, Geng X, Guo J, Zang X, Li P, Li D, Xu C. Proteomic analysis of the skin from Chinese fire-bellied newt and comparison to Chinese giant salamander. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2016; 19:71-77. [PMID: 27343457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Animal skin that directly interfaces with the external environment has developed diverse adaptive functions to a variety of ecological conditions laden with pathogenic infection and physical harm. Amphibians exhibit various adaptations related to their "incomplete" shift from the aquatic to the terrestrial habitat. Therefore, it is very necessary to explore the molecular basis of skin function and adaptation in amphibians. Currently, the studies on the molecular mechanisms of skin functions in anuran amphibians have been reported, but in urodele amphibians are rare. This study identified the skin proteomes of Chinese fire-bellied newt Cynops orientalis by a proteomic method, and compared the results to the skin proteomes of Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus obtained previously. A total of 452 proteins were identified in the newt skin by MALDI-TOF/MS, and functional annotation results by DAVID analysis showed that special functions such as wound healing, immune response, defense and respiration, were significantly enriched. Comparison results showed that the two species had a great difference in the aspects of protein kinds and abundance, and the highly expressed proteins may tightly correlate with living conditions. Moreover, the newt skin might have stronger immunity, but weaker respiration than the giant salamander skin to adapt to various living environments. This research provides a molecular basis for further studies on amphibian skin function and adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation and Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioengineering and Drug Development, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaofang Geng
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation and Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioengineering and Drug Development, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation and Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioengineering and Drug Development, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiayan Zang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation and Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioengineering and Drug Development, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation and Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioengineering and Drug Development, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Deming Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation and Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioengineering and Drug Development, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Cunshuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation and Henan Engineering Laboratory for Bioengineering and Drug Development, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ma H, Chen G, Guo M. Mass spectrometry based translational proteomics for biomarker discovery and application in colorectal cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:503-15. [PMID: 26616366 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Clinically, early detection of the disease is the most effective approach to tackle this tough challenge. Discovery and development of reliable and effective diagnostic tools for the assessment of prognosis and prediction of response to drug therapy are urgently needed for personalized therapies and better treatment outcomes. Among many ongoing efforts in search for potential CRC biomarkers, MS-based translational proteomics provides a unique opportunity for the discovery and application of protein biomarkers toward better CRC early detection and treatment. This review updates most recent studies that use preclinical models and clinical materials for the identification of CRC-related protein markers. Some new advances in the development of CRC protein markers such as CRC stem cell related protein markers, SRM/MRM-MS and MS cytometry approaches are also discussed in order to address future directions and challenges from bench translational research to bedside clinical application of CRC biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China.,Haematology and Oncology Division, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Guilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dias MH, Kitano ES, Zelanis A, Iwai LK. Proteomics and drug discovery in cancer. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:264-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|