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Khan H, Shahab U, Alshammari A, Alyahyawi AR, Akasha R, Alharazi T, Ahmad R, Khanam A, Habib S, Kaur K, Ahmad S, Moinuddin. Nano-therapeutics: The upcoming nanomedicine to treat cancer. IUBMB Life 2024. [PMID: 38440959 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is considered a successful approach for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Preferentially, cancer cell recognition and drug targeting via nano-delivery system include the penetration of anticancer agents into the cell membrane to damage the cancer cell by protein modification, DNA oxidation, or mitochondrial dysfunction. The past research on nano-delivery systems and their target has proven the beneficial achievement in a malignant tumor. Modern perceptions using inventive nanomaterials for cancer management have been offered by a multifunctional platform based on various nano-carriers with the probability of imaging and cancer therapy simultaneously. Emerging nano-delivery systems in cancer therapy still lack knowledge of the biological functions behind the interaction between nanoparticles and cancer cells. Since the potential of engineered nanoparticles addresses the various challenges, limiting the success of cancer therapy subsequently, it is a must to review the molecular targeting of a nano-delivery system to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of cancer. This review focuses on using a nano-delivery system, an imaging system, and encapsulated nanoparticles for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamda Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Uzma Shahab
- Department of Biochemistry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ahmed Alshammari
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad R Alyahyawi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Rihab Akasha
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Alharazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Afreen Khanam
- Department of Biotechnology & Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Education & Research, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Kirtanjot Kaur
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Alkhathami AG, Sahib AS, Al Fayi MS, Fadhil AA, Jawad MA, Shafik SA, Sultan SJ, Almulla AF, Shen M. Glycolysis in human cancers: Emphasis circRNA/glycolysis axis and nanoparticles in glycolysis regulation in cancer therapy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116007. [PMID: 37119844 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism of cancer has been an interesting hallmark and metabolic reprogramming, especially the change from oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria to glucose metabolism known as glycolysis occurs in cancer. The molecular profile of glycolysis, related molecular pathways and enzymes involved in this mechanism such as hexokinase have been fully understood. The glycolysis inhibition can significantly decrease tumorigenesis. On the other hand, circRNAs are new emerging non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules with potential biological functions and aberrant expression in cancer cells which have received high attention in recent years. CircRNAs have a unique covalently closed loop structure which makes them highly stable and reliable biomarkers in cancer. CircRNAs are regulators of molecular mechanisms including glycolysis. The enzymes involved in the glycolysis mechanism such as hexokinase are regulated by circRNAs to modulate tumor progression. Induction of glycolysis by circRNAs can significantly increase proliferation rate of cancer cells given access to energy and enhance metastasis. CircRNAs regulating glycolysis can influence drug resistance in cancers because of theirimpact on malignancy of tumor cells upon glycolysis induction. TRIM44, CDCA3, SKA2 and ROCK1 are among the downstream targets of circRNAs in regulating glycolysis in cancer. Additionally, microRNAs are key regulators of glycolysis mechanism in cancer cells and can affect related molecular pathways and enzymes. CircRNAs sponge miRNAs to regulate glycolysis as a main upstream mediator. Moreover, nanoparticles have been emerged as new tools in tumorigenesis suppression and in addition to drug and gene delivery, then mediate cancer immunotherapy and can be used for vaccine development. The nanoparticles can delivery circRNAs in cancer therapy and they are promising candidates in regulation of glycolysis, its suppression and inhibition of related pathways such as HIF-1α. The stimuli-responsive nanoparticles and ligand-functionalized ones have been developed for selective targeting of glycolysis and cancer cells, and mediating carcinogenesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali G Alkhathami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameer S Sahib
- Department of Pharmacy, Al- Mustaqbal University College, 51001 Hilla, Iraq
| | - Majed Saad Al Fayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Abed Jawad
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Iraq
| | - Sahar Ahmad Shafik
- Professor of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Fayum University, Egypt; College of Nursing, National University of Science and Technology, Iraq
| | | | - Abbas F Almulla
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, China.
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Wang H, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Liu J, Hong L. β-Sitosterol as a Promising Anticancer Agent for Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy: Mechanisms of Action and Future Prospects. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1085-1110. [PMID: 37247842 PMCID: PMC10509430 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the primary causes of death worldwide, and its incidence continues to increase yearly. Despite significant advances in research, the search for effective and nontoxic preventive and therapeutic agents remains greatly important. Cancer is a multimodal disease, where various mechanisms play significant roles in its occurrence and progression. This highlights the need for multitargeted approaches that are not only safe and inexpensive but also provide effective alternatives for current therapeutic regimens. β-Sitosterol (SIT), the most abundant phytosterol found in various plant foods, represents such an option. Preclinical evidence over the past few decades has overwhelmingly shown that SIT exhibits multiple anticancer activities against varied cancers, such as liver, cervical, colon, stomach, breast, lung, pancreatic, and prostate cancers, in addition to leukemia, multiple myeloma, melanoma, and fibrosarcoma. In this article, we present the latest advances and perspectives on SIT-systematically summarizing its antitumor mechanisms of action into 7 main sections and combining current challenges and prospects-for its use as a promising agent for cancer prevention and treatment. In particular, SIT plays a role in cancer prevention and treatment mainly by enhancing apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest, bidirectionally regulating oxidative stress, improving metabolic reprogramming, inhibiting invasion and metastasis, modulating immunity and inflammation, and combating drug resistance. Although SIT holds such great promise, the poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability coupled with low targeting efficacy limit its therapeutic efficacy and clinical application. Further research on novel drug delivery systems may improve these deficiencies. Overall, through complex and pleiotropic mechanisms, SIT has good potential for tumor chemoprevention and chemotherapy. However, no clinical trials have yet proven this potential. This review provides theoretical basis and rationality for the further design and conduct of clinical trials to confirm the anticancer activity of SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Zhang J, Tang K, Fang R, Liu J, Liu M, Ma J, Wang H, Ding M, Wang X, Song Y, Yang D. Nanotechnological strategies to increase the oxygen content of the tumor. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1140362. [PMID: 36969866 PMCID: PMC10034070 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1140362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a negative prognostic indicator of solid tumors, which not only changes the survival state of tumors and increases their invasiveness but also remarkably reduces the sensitivity of tumors to treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. Thus, developing therapeutic strategies to alleviate tumor hypoxia has recently been considered an extremely valuable target in oncology. In this review, nanotechnological strategies to elevate oxygen levels in tumor therapy in recent years are summarized, including (I) improving the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, (II) oxygen delivery to hypoxic tumors, and (III) oxygen generation in hypoxic tumors. Finally, the challenges and prospects of these nanotechnological strategies for alleviating tumor hypoxia are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Kaiyuan Tang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Runqi Fang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiayi Ma
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Ding, ; Xiaoxiao Wang, ; Dongliang Yang,
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Ding, ; Xiaoxiao Wang, ; Dongliang Yang,
| | - Yanni Song
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Meng Ding, ; Xiaoxiao Wang, ; Dongliang Yang,
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Todosenko N, Yurova K, Khaziakhmatova O, Malashchenko V, Khlusov I, Litvinova L. Heparin and Heparin-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Pleiotropic Molecular Effects at Multiple Drug Resistance of Osteosarcoma and Immune Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102181. [PMID: 36297616 PMCID: PMC9612132 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main problems of modern health care is the growing number of oncological diseases both in the elderly and young population. Inadequately effective chemotherapy, which remains the main method of cancer control, is largely associated with the emergence of multidrug resistance in tumor cells. The search for new solutions to overcome the resistance of malignant cells to pharmacological agents is being actively pursued. Another serious problem is immunosuppression caused both by the tumor cells themselves and by antitumor drugs. Of great interest in this context is heparin, a biomolecule belonging to the class of glycosaminoglycans and possessing a broad spectrum of biological activity, including immunomodulatory and antitumor properties. In the context of the rapid development of the new field of “osteoimmunology,” which focuses on the collaboration of bone and immune cells, heparin and delivery systems based on it may be of intriguing importance for the oncotherapy of malignant bone tumors. Osteosarcoma is a rare but highly aggressive, chemoresistant malignant tumor that affects young adults and is characterized by constant recurrence and metastasis. This review describes the direct and immune-mediated regulatory effects of heparin and drug delivery systems based on it on the molecular mechanisms of (multiple) drug resistance in (onco) pathological conditions of bone tissue, especially osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Todosenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Kristina Yurova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Vladimir Malashchenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Igor Khlusov
- Department of Morphology and General Pathology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Feyzizadeh M, Barfar A, Nouri Z, Sarfraz M, Zakeri-Milani P, Valizadeh H. Overcoming multidrug resistance through targeting ABC transporters: lessons for drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:1013-1027. [PMID: 35996765 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The argument around cancer therapy is an old one. Using chemotherapeutic drugs, as one of the most effective strategies in treatment of malignancies, is restricted by various issues that progress during therapy and avoid achieving clinical endpoints. Multidrug resistance (MDR), frequently mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, is one of the most recognized obstacles in the success of pharmacological anticancer approaches. These transporters efflux diverse drugs to extracellular environment, causing MDR and responsiveness of tumor cells to chemotherapy diminishes. AREAS COVERED Several strategies have been used to overcome MDR phenomenon. Succession in this field requires complete knowledge about features and mechanism of ABC transporters. In this review, conventional synthetic and natural inhibitors are discussed first and then novel approaches including RNA, monoclonal antibodies, nanobiotechnology, and structural modification techniques are represented. EXPERT OPINION With increasing frequency of MDR in cancer cells, it is essential to develop new drugs to inhibit MDR. Using knowledge acquired about ABC transporter's structure, rational design of inhibitors is possible. Also, some herbal products have shown to be potential lead compounds in drug discovery for reversal of MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Feyzizadeh
- Student Research Committee and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ashkan Barfar
- Student Research Committee and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nouri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parvin Zakeri-Milani
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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Kopecka J, Salaroglio IC, Perez-Ruiz E, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Saponara S, De Las Rivas J, Riganti C. Hypoxia as a driver of resistance to immunotherapy. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 59:100787. [PMID: 34840068 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, determines the selection of invasive and aggressive malignant clones displaying resistance to radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy or targeted therapy. The recent introduction of immunotherapy, based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells, has markedly transformed the prognosis in some tumors but also revealed the existence of intrinsic or acquired drug resistance. In the current review we highlight hypoxia as a culprit of immunotherapy failure. Indeed, multiple metabolic cross talks between tumor and stromal cells determine the prevalence of immunosuppressive populations within the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and confer upon tumor cells resistance to ICPIs and CAR T-cells. Notably, hypoxia-triggered angiogenesis causes immunosuppression, adding another piece to the puzzle of hypoxia-induced immunoresistance. If these factors concurrently contribute to the resistance to immunotherapy, they also unveil an unexpected Achille's heel of hypoxic tumors, providing the basis for innovative combination therapies that may rescue the efficacy of ICPIs and CAR T-cells. Although these treatments reveal both a bright side and a dark side in terms of efficacy and safety in clinical trials, they represent the future solution to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy against hypoxic and therapy-resistant solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Perez-Ruiz
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Intercentros de Oncología Médica, Hospitales Universitarios Regional y Virgen de la Victoria, IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology and University Clinic of Hematology and Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research - Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (iCBR/CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB) and Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Javier De Las Rivas
- Cancer Research Center (CiC-IBMCC, CSIC/USAL/IBSAL), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), University of Salamanca (USAL), and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
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Barik D, Dash P, Uma PI, Kumari S, Dash M. A Review on Re-Packaging of Bisphosphonates Using Biomaterials. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3757-3772. [PMID: 34474062 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The need for bone repair and insight into new regeneration therapies as well as improvement of existing regeneration routes is constantly increasing as a direct consequence of the rise in the number of trauma victims, musculoskeletal disorders, and increased life expectancy. Bisphosphonates (BPs) have emerged as a class of drugs with proven efficacy against many bone disorders. The most recent ability of this class of drugs is being explored in its anti-cancer ability. However, despite the pharmacological success, there are certain shortcomings that have circumvented this class of the drug. The mediation of biomaterials in delivering bisphosphonates has greatly helped in overcoming some of these shortcomings. This article is focused on reviewing the benefits the bisphosphonates have provided upon getting delivered via the use of biomaterials. Furthermore, the role of bisphosphonates as a potent anticancer agent is also accounted. It is witnessed that employing engineering tools in combination with therapeutics has the potential to provide solutions to bone loss from degenerative, surgical, or traumatic processes, and also aid in accelerating the healing of large bone fractures and problematic non-union fractures. The role of nanotechnology in enhancing the efficacy of the bisphosphonates is also reviewed and innovative approaches are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debyashreeta Barik
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, 751024, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pratigyan Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, 751024, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - P I Uma
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India
| | - Mamoni Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
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Akman M, Belisario DC, Salaroglio IC, Kopecka J, Donadelli M, De Smaele E, Riganti C. Hypoxia, endoplasmic reticulum stress and chemoresistance: dangerous liaisons. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:28. [PMID: 33423689 PMCID: PMC7798239 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid tumors often grow in a micro-environment characterized by < 2% O2 tension. This condition, together with the aberrant activation of specific oncogenic patwhays, increases the amount and activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a transcription factor that controls up to 200 genes involved in neoangiogenesis, metabolic rewiring, invasion and drug resistance. Hypoxia also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a condition that triggers cell death, if cells are irreversibly damaged, or cell survival, if the stress is mild.Hypoxia and chronic ER stress both induce chemoresistance. In this review we discuss the multiple and interconnected circuitries that link hypoxic environment, chronic ER stress and chemoresistance. We suggest that hypoxia and ER stress train and select the cells more adapted to survive in unfavorable conditions, by activating pleiotropic mechanisms including apoptosis inhibition, metabolic rewiring, anti-oxidant defences, drugs efflux. This adaptative process unequivocally expands clones that acquire resistance to chemotherapy.We believe that pharmacological inhibitors of HIF-1α and modulators of ER stress, although characterized by low specificty and anti-cancer efficacy when used as single agents, may be repurposed as chemosensitizers against hypoxic and chemorefractory tumors in the next future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhlis Akman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Teixeira RG, Belisario DC, Fontrodona X, Romero I, Tomaz AI, Garcia MH, Riganti C, Valente A. Unprecedented collateral sensitivity for cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells presented by new ruthenium organometallic compounds. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01344g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ru compounds exhibit collateral sensitivity in cisplatin-resistant NSCLC and increase cisplatin activity by inhibiting efflux pumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo G. Teixeira
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | | | - Xavier Fontrodona
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics de Recerca
- Universitat de Girona
- E-17003 Girona
- Spain
| | - Isabel Romero
- Departament de Química and Serveis Tècnics de Recerca
- Universitat de Girona
- E-17003 Girona
- Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Tomaz
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - M. Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | | | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica
- Faculdade de Ciências
- Universidade de Lisboa
- 1749-016 Lisboa
- Portugal
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Belisario DC, Kopecka J, Pasino M, Akman M, De Smaele E, Donadelli M, Riganti C. Hypoxia Dictates Metabolic Rewiring of Tumors: Implications for Chemoresistance. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122598. [PMID: 33291643 PMCID: PMC7761956 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a condition commonly observed in the core of solid tumors. The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) act as hypoxia sensors that orchestrate a coordinated response increasing the pro-survival and pro-invasive phenotype of cancer cells, and determine a broad metabolic rewiring. These events favor tumor progression and chemoresistance. The increase in glucose and amino acid uptake, glycolytic flux, and lactate production; the alterations in glutamine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation; the high levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species; the modulation of both fatty acid synthesis and oxidation are hallmarks of the metabolic rewiring induced by hypoxia. This review discusses how metabolic-dependent factors (e.g., increased acidification of tumor microenvironment coupled with intracellular alkalinization, and reduced mitochondrial metabolism), and metabolic-independent factors (e.g., increased expression of drug efflux transporters, stemness maintenance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition) cooperate in determining chemoresistance in hypoxia. Specific metabolic modifiers, however, can reverse the metabolic phenotype of hypoxic tumor areas that are more chemoresistant into the phenotype typical of chemosensitive cells. We propose these metabolic modifiers, able to reverse the hypoxia-induced metabolic rewiring, as potential chemosensitizer agents against hypoxic and refractory tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimas Carolina Belisario
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Martina Pasino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Muhlis Akman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Enrico De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (J.K.); (M.P.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-5857
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Wang L, Fang D, Xu J, Luo R. Various pathways of zoledronic acid against osteoclasts and bone cancer metastasis: a brief review. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1059. [PMID: 33143662 PMCID: PMC7607850 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZA) is one of the most important and effective class of anti-resorptive drug available among bisphosphonate (BP), which could effectively reduce the risk of skeletal-related events, and lead to a treatment paradigm for patients with skeletal involvement from advanced cancers. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of its anticancer effects have only recently been identified. In this review, we elaborate the detail mechanisms of ZA through inhibiting osteoclasts and cancer cells, which include the inhibition of differentiation of osteoclasts via suppressing receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) pathway, non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) pathway, and preventing of macrophage differentiation into osteoclasts, in addition, induction of apoptosis of osteoclasts through inhibiting farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS)-mediated mevalonate pathway, and activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced pathway. Furthermore, ZA also inhibits cancer cells proliferation, viability, motility, invasion and angiogenesis; induces cancer cell apoptosis; reverts chemoresistance and stimulates immune response; and acts in synergy with other anti-cancer drugs. In addition, some new ways for delivering ZA against cancer is introduced. We hope this review will provide more information in support of future studies of ZA in the treatment of cancers and bone cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianwei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Dengyang Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China
| | - Runlan Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing City, Chongqing, 408300, China.
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Xiao MC, Chou YH, Hung YN, Hu SH, Chiang WH. Hybrid polymeric nanoparticles with high zoledronic acid payload and proton sponge-triggered rapid drug release for anticancer applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Riganti C, Giampietro R, Kopecka J, Costamagna C, Abatematteo FS, Contino M, Abate C. MRP1-Collateral Sensitizers as a Novel Therapeutic Approach in Resistant Cancer Therapy: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study in Lung Resistant Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093333. [PMID: 32397184 PMCID: PMC7247425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the main obstacle to current chemotherapy and it is mainly due to the overexpression of some efflux transporters such as MRP1. One of the most studied strategies to overcome MDR has been the inhibition of MDR pumps through small molecules, but its translation into the clinic unfortunately failed. Recently, a phenomenon called collateral sensitivity (CS) emerged as a new strategy to hamper MDR acting as a synthetic lethality, where the genetic changes developed upon the acquisition of resistance towards a specific agent are followed by the development of hypersensitivity towards a second agent. Among our library of sigma ligands acting as MDR modulators, we identified three compounds, F397, F400, and F421, acting as CS-promoting agents. We deepened their CS mechanisms in the "pure" model of MRP1-expressing cells (MDCK-MRP1) and in MRP1-expressing/drug resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549/DX). The in vitro results demonstrated that (i) the three ligands are highly cytotoxic for MRP1-expressing cells; (ii) their effect is MRP1-mediated; (iii) they increase the cytotoxicity induced by cis-Pt, the therapeutic agent commonly used in the treatment of lung tumors; and (iv) their effect is ROS-mediated. Moreover, a preclinical in vivo study performed in lung tumor xenografts confirms the in vitro findings, making the three CS-promoting agents candidates for a novel therapeutic approach in lung resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.R.); (J.K.); (C.C.)
| | - Roberta Giampietro
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.G.); (F.S.A.); (C.A.)
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.R.); (J.K.); (C.C.)
| | - Costanzo Costamagna
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.R.); (J.K.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesca Serena Abatematteo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.G.); (F.S.A.); (C.A.)
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.G.); (F.S.A.); (C.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Carmen Abate
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.G.); (F.S.A.); (C.A.)
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15
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Belisario DC, Akman M, Godel M, Campani V, Patrizio MP, Scotti L, Hattinger CM, De Rosa G, Donadelli M, Serra M, Kopecka J, Riganti C. ABCA1/ABCB1 Ratio Determines Chemo- and Immune-Sensitivity in Human Osteosarcoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030647. [PMID: 32155954 PMCID: PMC7140509 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ATP Binding Cassette transporter B1 (ABCB1) induces chemoresistance in osteosarcoma, because it effluxes doxorubicin, reducing the intracellular accumulation, toxicity, and immunogenic cell death induced by the drug. The ATP Binding Cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) effluxes isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), a strong activator of anti-tumor Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells. Recruiting this population may represent an alternative strategy to rescue doxorubicin efficacy in ABCB1-expressing osteosarcoma. In this work, we analyzed how ABCA1 and ABCB1 are regulated in osteosarcoma, and if increasing the ABCA1-dependent activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells could be an effective strategy against ABCB1-expressing osteosarcoma. We used 2D-cultured doxorubicin-sensitive human U-2OS and Saos-2 cells, their doxorubicin-resistant sublines (U-2OS/DX580 and Saos-2/DX580), and 3D cultures of U-2OS and Saos-2 cells. DX580-sublines and 3D cultures had higher levels of ABCB1 and higher resistance to doxorubicin than parental cells. Surprisingly, they had reduced ABCA1 levels, IPP efflux, and Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell-induced killing. In these chemo-immune-resistant cells, the Ras/Akt/mTOR axis inhibits the ABCA1-transcription induced by Liver X Receptor α (LXRα); Ras/ERK1/2/HIF-1α axis up-regulates ABCB1. Targeting the farnesylation of Ras with self-assembling nanoparticles encapsulating zoledronic acid (NZ) simultaneously inhibited both axes. In humanized mice, NZ reduced the growth of chemo-immune-resistant osteosarcomas, increased intratumor necro-apoptosis, and ABCA1/ABCB1 ratio and Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell infiltration. We suggest that the ABCB1highABCA1low phenotype is indicative of chemo-immune-resistance. We propose aminobisphosphonates as new chemo-immune-sensitizing tools against drug-resistant osteosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimas Carolina Belisario
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Muhlis Akman
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Martina Godel
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Pia Patrizio
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.P.); (C.M.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Lorena Scotti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Claudia Maria Hattinger
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.P.); (C.M.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Massimo Serra
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics Research Unit, via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.P.); (C.M.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; (D.C.B.); (M.A.); (M.G.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0116705857
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Kopecka J, Trouillas P, Gašparović AČ, Gazzano E, Assaraf YG, Riganti C. Phospholipids and cholesterol: Inducers of cancer multidrug resistance and therapeutic targets. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 49:100670. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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17
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Zappavigna S, Abate M, Cossu AM, Lusa S, Campani V, Scotti L, Luce A, Yousif AM, Merlino F, Grieco P, De Rosa G, Caraglia M. Urotensin-II-Targeted Liposomes as a New Drug Delivery System towards Prostate and Colon Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:9293560. [PMID: 31929800 PMCID: PMC6942863 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9293560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Urotensin-II (UT-II) and its receptor (UTR) are involved in the occurrence of different epithelial cancers. In particular, UTR was found overexpressed on colon, bladder, and prostate cancer cells. The conjugation of ligands, able to specifically bind receptors that are overexpressed on cancer cells, to liposome surface represents an efficient active targeting strategy to enhance selectivity and efficiency of drug delivery systems. The aim of this study was to develop liposomes conjugated with UT-II (LipoUT) for efficient targeting of cancer cells that overexpress UTR. The liposomes had a mean diameter between 150 nm and 160 nm with a narrow size distribution (PI ≤ 0.1) and a doxo encapsulation efficiency of 96%. Moreover, the conjugation of UT-II to liposomes weakly reduced the zeta potential. We evaluated UTR expression on prostate (DU145, PC3, and LNCaP) and colon (WIDR and LoVo) cancer cells by FACS and western blotting analysis. UTR protein was expressed in all the tested cell lines; the level of expression was higher in WIDR, PC3, and LNCaP cells compared with LoVo and DU145. MTT cell viability assay showed that LipoUT-doxo was more active than Lipo-doxo on the growth inhibition of cells that overexpressed UTR (PC3, LNCaP, and WIDR) while in LoVo and DU145 cell lines, the activity was similar to or lower than that one of Lipo-doxo, respectively. Moreover, we found that cell uptake of Bodipy-labeled liposomes in PC3 and DU145 was higher for LipoUT than the not-armed counterparts but at higher extent in UTR overexpressing PC3 cells (about 2-fold higher), as evaluated by both confocal and FACS. In conclusion, the encapsulation of doxo in UT-II-targeted liposomes potentiated its delivery in UTR-overexpressing cells and could represent a new tool for the targeting of prostate and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L. de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Abate
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L. de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Maria Cossu
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L. de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Sara Lusa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorena Scotti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Amalia Luce
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L. de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ali Munaim Yousif
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Merlino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Via L. de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
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18
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Amphiphilic p-sulfonatocalix[6]arene based self-assembled nanostructures for enhanced clarithromycin activity against resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110676. [PMID: 31838269 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic calixarenes are preferred to generate nano-cargos for drugs due to their stability, possibilities for modification and intrinsic host cavities. Here we are reporting the synthesis of amphiphilic calixarene and its evaluation as drug delivery system. Water soluble amphiphilic p-sulfonatocalix[6]arene was synthesized through sulfonation and lipophilic conjugation on its upper and lower rims respectively. The synthesized amphiphile self-assembled into nanostructures in the presence of Clarithromycin and FITC as model hydrophobic drugs followed by a wide range of characterization. Clarithromycin loaded self-assembled nanostructures was screened for its bactericidal potential in resistant S. pneumonia through various in-vitro assays. The amphiphilic calixarene self-assembled into polydispersed nanostructures with 136.45 ± 2.41 nm mean diameter and -49.93 ± 0.35 mV surface charges. The amphiphile was capable to load Clarithromycin (57.54 ± 1.88 %) and fluorescent dye and was highly stable. Clarithromycin loaded nanostructures revealed significant biofilm and bacterial growth inhibition and cell destruction properties. Results authenticate calixarene amphiphile as an efficient nano-carrier for improving Clarithromycin efficacy.
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What sustains the multidrug resistance phenotype beyond ABC efflux transporters? Looking beyond the tip of the iceberg. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 46:100643. [PMID: 31493711 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Identification of multidrug (MDR) efflux transporters that belong to the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily, represented an important breakthrough for understanding cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) and its possible overcoming. However, recent data indicate that drug resistant cells have a complex intracellular physiology that involves constant changes in energetic and oxidative-reductive metabolic pathways, as well as in the molecular circuitries connecting mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes. The aim of this review is to discuss the key molecular mechanisms of cellular reprogramming that induce and maintain MDR, beyond the presence of MDR efflux transporters. We specifically highlight how cancer cells characterized by high metabolic plasticity - i.e. cells able to shift the energy metabolism between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, to survive both the normoxic and hypoxic conditions, to modify the cytosolic and mitochondrial oxidative-reductive metabolism, are more prone to adapt to exogenous stressors such as anti-cancer drugs and acquire a MDR phenotype. Similarly, we discuss how changes in mitochondria dynamics and mitophagy rates, changes in proteome stability ensuring non-oncogenic proteostatic mechanisms, changes in ubiquitin/proteasome- and autophagy/lysosome-related pathways, promote the cellular survival under stress conditions, along with the acquisition or maintenance of MDR. After dissecting the complex intracellular crosstalk that takes place during the development of MDR, we suggest that mapping the specific adaptation pathways underlying cell survival in response to stress and targeting these pathways with potent pharmacologic agents may be a new approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy against MDR tumors.
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20
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Salaroglio IC, Mungo E, Gazzano E, Kopecka J, Riganti C. ERK is a Pivotal Player of Chemo-Immune-Resistance in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102505. [PMID: 31117237 PMCID: PMC6566596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular signal-related kinases (ERKs) act as pleiotropic molecules in tumors, where they activate pro-survival pathways leading to cell proliferation and migration, as well as modulate apoptosis, differentiation, and senescence. Given its central role as sensor of extracellular signals, ERK transduction system is widely exploited by cancer cells subjected to environmental stresses, such as chemotherapy and anti-tumor activity of the host immune system. Aggressive tumors have a tremendous ability to adapt and survive in stressing and unfavorable conditions. The simultaneous resistance to chemotherapy and immune system responses is common, and ERK signaling plays a key role in both types of resistance. In this review, we dissect the main ERK-dependent mechanisms and feedback circuitries that simultaneously determine chemoresistance and immune-resistance/immune-escape in cancer cells. We discuss the pros and cons of targeting ERK signaling to induce chemo-immune-sensitization in refractory tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris C Salaroglio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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21
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Kopecka J, Gazzano E, Castella B, Salaroglio IC, Mungo E, Massaia M, Riganti C. Mitochondrial metabolism: Inducer or therapeutic target in tumor immune-resistance? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 98:80-89. [PMID: 31100351 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria have been considered for a long time only as the principal source of building blocks and energy upon aerobic conditions. Recently they emerged as key players in cell proliferation, invasion and resistance to therapy. The most aggressive tumors are able to evade the immune-surveillance. Alterations in the mitochondria metabolism either in cancer cells or in host immune system cells are involved in such tumor-induced immune-suppression. This review will focus on the main mitochondrial dysfunctions in tumor and immune cell populations determining immune-resistance, and on the therapies that may target mitochondrial metabolism and restore a powerful anti-tumor immune-activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Castella
- Laboratory of Blood Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Iris C Salaroglio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mungo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Massaia
- Laboratory of Blood Tumor Immunology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Italy; Hematology Division, AO S Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy; Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy; Interdepartmental Center of Research in Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Italy.
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22
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Giarra S, Zappavigna S, Campani V, Abate M, Cossu AM, Leonetti C, Porru M, Mayol L, Caraglia M, De Rosa G. Chitosan-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes for Doxorubicin and Zoledronic Acid Combined Therapy to Overcome Multidrug Resistance. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10040180. [PMID: 30304840 PMCID: PMC6321278 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop nanovectors co-encapsulating doxorubicin (Doxo) and zoledronic acid (Zol) for a combined therapy against Doxo-resistant tumors. Chitosan (CHI)-based polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) prepared by ionotropic gelation technique were proposed. The influence of some experimental parameters was evaluated in order to optimize the PECs in terms of size and polydispersity index (PI). PEC stability was studied by monitoring size and zeta potential over time. In vitro studies were carried out on wild-type and Doxo-resistant cell lines, to assess both the synergism between Doxo and Zol, as well as the restoring of Doxo sensitivity. Polymer concentration, incubation time, and use of a surfactant were found to be crucial to achieving small size and monodisperse PECs. Doxo and Zol, only when encapsulated in PECs, showed a synergistic antiproliferative effect in all the tested cell lines. Importantly, the incubation of Doxo-resistant cell lines with Doxo/Zol co-encapsulating PECs resulted in the restoration of Doxo sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Giarra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marianna Abate
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessia Maria Cossu
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Carlo Leonetti
- UOSD SAFU, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Manuela Porru
- UOSD SAFU, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Laura Mayol
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Terry S, Faouzi Zaarour R, Hassan Venkatesh G, Francis A, El-Sayed W, Buart S, Bravo P, Thiery J, Chouaib S. Role of Hypoxic Stress in Regulating Tumor Immunogenicity, Resistance and Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103044. [PMID: 30301213 PMCID: PMC6213127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, or gradients of hypoxia, occurs in most growing solid tumors and may result in pleotropic effects contributing significantly to tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance. Indeed, the generated hypoxic stress has a strong impact on tumor cell biology. For example, it may contribute to increasing tumor heterogeneity, help cells gain new functional properties and/or select certain cell subpopulations, facilitating the emergence of therapeutic resistant cancer clones, including cancer stem cells coincident with tumor relapse and progression. It controls tumor immunogenicity, immune plasticity, and promotes the differentiation and expansion of immune-suppressive stromal cells. In this context, manipulation of the hypoxic microenvironment may be considered for preventing or reverting the malignant transformation. Here, we review the current knowledge on how hypoxic stress in tumor microenvironments impacts on tumor heterogeneity, plasticity and resistance, with a special interest in the impact on immune resistance and tumor immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Terry
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif F-94805, France.
| | - Rania Faouzi Zaarour
- Thumbay Research Institute of Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Goutham Hassan Venkatesh
- Thumbay Research Institute of Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Amirtharaj Francis
- Thumbay Research Institute of Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Walid El-Sayed
- Thumbay Research Institute of Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Stéphanie Buart
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif F-94805, France.
| | - Pamela Bravo
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif F-94805, France.
| | - Jérome Thiery
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif F-94805, France.
| | - Salem Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Genetic Oncology, Gustave Roussy, EPHE, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif F-94805, France.
- Thumbay Research Institute of Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
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Zhao B, Zhao W, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Zhao C, Wang S, Gao C. Prior administration of vitamin K2 improves the therapeutic effects of zoledronic acid in ovariectomized rats by antagonizing zoledronic acid-induced inhibition of osteoblasts proliferation and mineralization. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202269. [PMID: 30125322 PMCID: PMC6101397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZA) exerts complex influence on bone by suppressing bone resorption, mostly due to the direct osteoclasts inhibition and uncertain influence on osteoblasts. Vitamin K2 (VK2, Menaquinone-4) as an anabolic agent stimulates bone formation via anti-apoptosis in osteoblasts and mild osteoclasts inhibition. Based on these knowledge, the therapeutic effect of the combined or sequential therapy of VK2 and ZA depends on the influence on the osteoblasts, since both cases exert similar inhibitory effect on osteoclasts. In a series of in vitro studies, we confirmed the protective effect of VK2 in osteoblasts culture, especially when followed by exposure to ZA, and the proliferation and mineralization inhibition induced by ZA towards osteoblasts. For mechanism study, expression of bcl-2/bax, Runx2 and Sost in cells were examined. For in vivo studies, an osteoporosis animal model was established in rats via ovariectomy (OVX) and subjected to sequential treatment, namely VK2 followed by ZA. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by Dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry (DEXA), morphology and mechanical parameters by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), mechanical strength by an electro-hydraulic fatigue-testing machine. The bone calcium, hydroxyproline content, blood lipids were evaluated using microplate technique, and the bone surface turnover was evaluated using the fluorescence in corporation method. It was found that VK2 pretreatment partially prevented the inhibition of bone formation caused by ZA, which was reflected by indices like BMD, bone calcium content and bone strength. The underling mechanisms for protection of VK2 pretreatment, mainly demonstrated via in vitro studies, included inhibiting apoptosis and depressing Sost expression in osteoblasts, which in turn improved the osteoporosis therapeutic effects of ZA. These findings suggested that pretreatment with VK2 before ZA therapy might serve a new long-term therapy protocol for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shouguang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shouguang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Dermatology, People’s Hospital of Shouguang, Shouguang, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiqiang Wang
- MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- Department of Cytology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changfeng Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, Shandong University School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shue Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Shandong University School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunzheng Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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25
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Riganti C, Castella B, Massaia M. ABCA1, apoA-I, and BTN3A1: A Legitimate Ménage à Trois in Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1246. [PMID: 29937767 PMCID: PMC6002486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells have the capacity to detect supra-physiological concentrations of phosphoantigens (pAgs) generated by the mevalonate (Mev) pathway of mammalian cells under specific circumstances. Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) is the prototypic pAg recognized by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. B-cell derived tumor cells (i.e., lymphoma and myeloma cells) and dendritic cells (DCs) are privileged targets of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells because they generate significant amounts of IPP which can be boosted with zoledronic acid (ZA). ZA is the most potent aminobisphosphonate (NBP) clinically available to inhibit osteoclast activation and a very potent inhibitor of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase in the Mev pathway. ZA-treated DCs generate and release in the supernatants picomolar IPP concentrations which are sufficient to induce the activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. We have recently shown that the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) plays a major role in the extracellular release of IPP from ZA-treated DCs. This novel ABCA1 function is fine-tuned by physical interactions with IPP, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and butyrophilin-3A1 (BTN3A1). The mechanisms by which soluble IPP induces Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell activation remain to be elucidated. It is possible that soluble IPP binds to BTN3A1, apoA-I, or other unknown molecules on the cell surface of bystander cells like monocytes, NK cells, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, or any other cell locally present. Investigating this scenario may represent a unique opportunity to further characterize the role of BTN3A1 and other molecules in the recognition of soluble IPP by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Riganti
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Castella
- Laboratorio di Immunologia dei Tumori del Sangue (LITS), Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Biologia Molecolare (CIRBM), Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Massaia
- Laboratorio di Immunologia dei Tumori del Sangue (LITS), Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Biologia Molecolare (CIRBM), Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy.,SC Ematologia, AO S. Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
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Self-assembling nanoparticles encapsulating zoledronic acid inhibit mesenchymal stromal cells differentiation, migration and secretion of proangiogenic factors and their interactions with prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42926-42938. [PMID: 28477013 PMCID: PMC5522116 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic Acid (ZA) rapidly concentrates into the bone and reduces skeletal-related events and pain in bone metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), but exerts only a limited or absent impact as anti-cancer activity. Recently, we developed self-assembling nanoparticles (NPS) encapsulating zoledronic acid (NZ) that allowed a higher intratumor delivery of the drug compared with free zoledronic acid (ZA) in in vivo cancer models of PCa. Increasing evidence suggests that Bone Marrow (BM) Mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are recruited into the stroma of developing tumors where they contribute to progression by enhancing tumor growth and metastasis. We demonstrated that treatment with NZ decreased migration and differentiation into adipocytes and osteoblasts of MSCs and inhibited osteoclastogenesis. Treatment with NZ reduced the capability of MSCs to promote the migration and the clonogenic growth of the prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145. The levels of Interleukin-6 and of the pro-angiogenic factors VEGF and FGF-2 were significantly reduced in MSC-CM derived from MSCs treated with NZ, and CCL5 secretion was almost totally abolished. Moreover, treatment of MSCs with supernatants from PC3 cells, leading to tumor-educated MSCs (TE-MSCs), increased the secretion of IL-6, CCL5, VEGF and FGF-2 by MSCs and increased their capability to increase PC3 cells clonogenic growth. Treatment with NZ decreased cytokine secretion and the pro-tumorigenic effects also of TE-MSCS. In conclusion, demonstrating that NZ is capable to inhibit the cross talk between MSCs and PCa, this study provides a novel insight to explain the powerful anticancer activity of NZ on PCa.
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Musolino C, Oteri G, Allegra A, Mania M, D'Ascola A, Avenoso A, Innao V, Allegra AG, Campo S. Altered microRNA expression profile in the peripheral lymphoid compartment of multiple myeloma patients with bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw. Ann Hematol 2018; 97:1259-1269. [PMID: 29546453 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are formidable inhibitors of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption employed for therapy of multiple myeloma (MM) subjects with osteolytic lesions. Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is an uncommon drug-induced adverse event of these agents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small, noncoding RNAs nucleotides, which are essential post-transcriptional controllers of gene expression. They have a central role in the normal bone development. The goal of our study was to investigate 18 miRNAs, whose targets were previously validated and described in MM subjects without ONJ, in peripheral lymphocytes of MM subjects with bisphosphonate-induced ONJ. Utilizing reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we evaluated miRNAs in five healthy subjects and in five MM patients with ONJ. Our experimental data revealed that a diverse miRNA signature for ONJ subjects emerged with respect to control subjects. Using the filter for in silico analysis, among the 18 miRNAs, we recognized 14 dysregulated miRNAs. All these miRNAs were significantly over-expressed in patients vs controls (MIR-16-1, MIR-21, MIR-23A, MIR-28, MIR-101-1, MIR-124-1, MIR-129, MIR-139, MIR-145, MIR-149, MIR-202, MIR-221, MIR-424, MIR-520). Among them, six were strongly upregulated (fourfold upregulated and more). These miRNAs target numerous pathways and genes implicated in calcium ion binding, bone resorption, mineralization of bone matrix, and differentiation and maintenance of bone tissue. A modified microRNA expression profile after zoledronate therapy could participate to the onset of ONJ. Targeting these miRNAs could provide a new opportunity for the prevention or treatment of ONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Oteri
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy.
| | - Manuela Mania
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela D'Ascola
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Avenoso
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
| | - Vanessa Innao
- Division of Hematology, Department of Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaetano Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Patologia Umana dell'Adulto e dell'Età Evolutiva, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Campo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, Dental School, Messina, Italy
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28
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Ristori S, Grillo I, Lusa S, Thamm J, Valentino G, Campani V, Caraglia M, Steiniger F, Luciani P, De Rosa G. Structural Characterization of Self-Assembling Hybrid Nanoparticles for Bisphosphonate Delivery in Tumors. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1258-1265. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ristori
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Isabelle Grillo
- Large Scale Structures Group, Institut Laue Langevin, 71 rue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sara Lusa
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and General Pathology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via S.M. Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Jana Thamm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Gina Valentino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Virginia Campani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and General Pathology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via S.M. Costantinopoli, 16, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Frank Steiniger
- Electron Microscopy Center, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University, Ziegelmühlenweg 1, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Paola Luciani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
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29
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Kopecka J, Porto S, Lusa S, Gazzano E, Salzano G, Pinzòn-Daza ML, Giordano A, Desiderio V, Ghigo D, De Rosa G, Caraglia M, Riganti C. Zoledronic acid-encapsulating self-assembling nanoparticles and doxorubicin: a combinatorial approach to overcome simultaneously chemoresistance and immunoresistance in breast tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20753-72. [PMID: 26980746 PMCID: PMC4991490 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The resistance to chemotherapy and the tumor escape from host immunosurveillance are the main causes of the failure of anthracycline-based regimens in breast cancer, where an effective chemo-immunosensitizing strategy is lacking. The clinically used aminobisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA) reverses chemoresistance and immunoresistance in vitro. Previously we developed a nanoparticle-based zoledronic acid-containing formulation (NZ) that allowed a higher intratumor delivery of the drug compared with free ZA in vivo. We tested its efficacy in combination with doxorubicin in breast tumors refractory to chemotherapy and immune system recognition as a new combinatorial approach to produce chemo- and immunosensitization. NZ reduced the IC50 of doxorubicin in human and murine chemoresistant breast cancer cells and restored the doxorubicin efficacy against chemo-immunoresistant tumors implanted in immunocompetent mice. By reducing the metabolic flux through the mevalonate pathway, NZ lowered the activity of Ras/ERK1/2/HIF-1α axis and the expression of P-glycoprotein, decreased the glycolysis and the mitochondrial respiratory chain, induced a cytochrome c/caspase 9/caspase 3-dependent apoptosis, thus restoring the direct cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin on tumor cell. Moreover, NZ restored the doxorubicin-induced immunogenic cell death and reversed the tumor-induced immunosuppression due to the production of kynurenine, by inhibiting the STAT3/indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase axis. These events increased the number of dendritic cells and decreased the number of immunosuppressive T-regulatory cells infiltrating the tumors. Our work proposes the use of nanoparticle encapsulating zoledronic acid as an effective tool overcoming at the same time chemoresistance and immunoresistance in breast tumors, thanks to the effects exerted on tumor cell and tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Porto
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Lusa
- Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Salzano
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha Leonor Pinzòn-Daza
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Universidad del Rosario, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, RG in Biochemistry and Biotechnology (BIO-BIO), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vincenzo Desiderio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Ghigo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Rosa
- Department of Pharmacy, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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30
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Campani V, Giarra S, De Rosa G. Lipid-based core-shell nanoparticles: Evolution and potentialities in drug delivery. OPENNANO 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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31
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Fanale D, Amodeo V, Bazan V, Insalaco L, Incorvaia L, Barraco N, Castiglia M, Rizzo S, Santini D, Giordano A, Castorina S, Russo A. Can the microRNA expression profile help to identify novel targets for zoledronic acid in breast cancer? Oncotarget 2017; 7:29321-32. [PMID: 27081088 PMCID: PMC5045398 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZOL), belonging to third generation bisphosphonate family, is a potent inhibitor of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, widely used to effectively prevent osteolysis in breast cancer patients who develop bone metastases. Low doses of ZOL have been shown to exhibit a direct anticancer role, by inhibiting cell adhesion, invasion, cytoskeleton remodelling and proliferation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In order to identify the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying the anticancer activity exerted by ZOL, we analyzed for the first time the microRNA expression profile in breast cancer cells. A large-scale microarray analysis of 377 miRNAs was performed on MCF7 cells treated with 10 μM ZOL for 24 h compared to untreated cells. Furthermore, the expression of specific ZOL-induced miRNAs was analyzed in MCF-7 and SkBr3 cells through Real-time PCR. Low-dose treatment with ZOL significantly altered expression of 54 miRNAs. Nine upregulated and twelve downregulated miRNAs have been identified after 24 h of treatment. Also, ZOL induced expression of 11 specific miRNAs and silenced expression of 22 miRNAs. MiRNA data analysis revealed the involvement of differentially expressed miRNAs in PI3K/Akt, MAPK, Wnt, TGF-β, Jak-STAT and mTOR signaling pathways, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. Our results have been shown to be perfectly coherent with the recent findings reported in literature concerning changes in expression of some miRNAs involved in bone metastasis formation, progression, therapy resistance in breast cancer. In conclusion, this data supports the hypothesis that ZOL-induced modification of the miRNA expression profile contributes to the anticancer efficacy of this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Fanale
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Amodeo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Bazan
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lavinia Insalaco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorena Incorvaia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nadia Barraco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Castiglia
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Rizzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- University Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medical Oncology, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Fondazione Mediterranea "G.B. Morgagni", Catania, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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32
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Nanoparticles and targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy. Immunol Lett 2017; 190:64-83. [PMID: 28760499 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy are the main common anti-tumor therapeutic approaches. However, the non-specific targeting of cancer cells has made these approaches non-effective in the significant number of patients. Non-specific targeting of malignant cells also makes indispensable the application of the higher doses of drugs to reach the tumor region. Therefore, there are two main barriers in the way to reach the tumor area with maximum efficacy. The first, inhibition of drug delivery to healthy non-cancer cells and the second, the direct conduction of drugs into tumor site. Nanoparticles (NPs) are the new identified tools by which we can deliver drugs into tumor cells with minimum drug leakage into normal cells. Conjugation of NPs with ligands of cancer specific tumor biomarkers is a potent therapeutic approach to treat cancer diseases with the high efficacy. It has been shown that conjugation of nanocarriers with molecules such as antibodies and their variable fragments, peptides, nucleic aptamers, vitamins, and carbohydrates can lead to effective targeted drug delivery to cancer cells and thereby cancer attenuation. In this review, we will discuss on the efficacy of the different targeting approaches used for targeted drug delivery to malignant cells by NPs.
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33
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Jahanban-Esfahlan R, de la Guardia M, Ahmadi D, Yousefi B. Modulating tumor hypoxia by nanomedicine for effective cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2019-2031. [PMID: 28198007 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia, a characteristic feature of tumors, is indispensable to tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and multi drug resistance. Hypoxic avascular regions, deeply embedded inside the tumors significantly hinder delivery of therapeutic agents. The low oxygen tension results in resistance to the current applied anti-cancer therapeutics including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and photodynamic therapy, the efficacy of which is firmly tied to the level of tumor oxygen supply. However, emerging data indicate that nanocarriers/nanodrugs can offer substantial benefits to improve the efficacy of current therapeutics, through modulation of tumor hypoxia. This review aims to introduce the most recent advances made in nanocarrier mediated targeting of tumor hypoxia. The first part is dedicated to the approaches by which nanocarriers could be designed to target/leverage hypoxia. These approaches include i) inhibiting Hypoxia Inducer Factor (HIF-1α); ii) hypoxia activated prodrugs/linkers; and iii) obligate anaerobe mediated targeting of tumor hypoxia. The second part, details novel nanosystems proposed to modulate tumor hypoxia through tumor oxygenation. These methods seek to lessen tumor hypoxia through vascular normalization, or reoxygenation therapy. The reoxygenation of tumor could be accomplished by: i) generation of oxygen filled nanocarriers; ii) natural/artificial oxygen nanocarriers; and iii) oxygen generators. The efficacy of each approach and their potential in cancer therapy is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Delshad Ahmadi
- Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Molecular Targeting Therapy Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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34
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Feng Q, Shen Y, Fu Y, Muroski ME, Zhang P, Wang Q, Xu C, Lesniak MS, Li G, Cheng Y. Self-Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles Shows Microenvironment-Mediated Dynamic Switching and Enhanced Brain Tumor Targeting. Am J Cancer Res 2017. [PMID: 28638474 PMCID: PMC5479275 DOI: 10.7150/thno.18985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticles with unique physical properties have been explored as nanomedicines for brain tumor treatment. However, the clinical applications of the inorganic formulations are often hindered by the biological barriers and failure to be bioeliminated. The size of the nanoparticle is an essential design parameter which plays a significant role to affect the tumor targeting and biodistribution. Here, we report a feasible approach for the assembly of gold nanoparticles into ~80 nm nanospheres as a drug delivery platform for enhanced retention in brain tumors with the ability to be dynamically switched into the single formulation for excretion. These nanoassemblies can target epidermal growth factor receptors on cancer cells and are responsive to tumor microenvironmental characteristics, including high vascular permeability and acidic and redox conditions. Anticancer drug release was controlled by a pH-responsive mechanism. Intracellular L-glutathione (GSH) triggered the complete breakdown of nanoassemblies to single gold nanoparticles. Furthermore, in vivo studies have shown that nanospheres display enhanced tumor-targeting efficiency and therapeutic effects relative to single-nanoparticle formulations. Hence, gold nanoassemblies present an effective targeting strategy for brain tumor treatment.
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Huang Y, He L, Song Z, Chan L, He J, Huang W, Zhou B, Chen T. Phycocyanin-based nanocarrier as a new nanoplatform for efficient overcoming of cancer drug resistance. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:3300-3314. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00287d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of a novel phycocyanin-based nanosystem with bio-responsive properties to achieve prolonged blood circulation and overcome drug resistance without causing systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Lizhen He
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Zhenhuan Song
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Leung Chan
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Jintao He
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Binwei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Jinan University
- Guangzhou 510632
- China
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36
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Abstract
Development of novel drug-delivery systems aims to specifically deliver anticancer drugs to tumor tissues and improve the efficiency of chemotherapy, while minimizing side effects of drugs on healthy tissues and organs. However, drug-delivery systems are confronted by membrane barriers and multiple drug resistance in cancer cells. In recent years, the obtained results indicate an important role of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates in apoptosis, drug transport and the process of cellular uptake of nanoparticles via endocytosis. This article discusses the hypothesis of the relationship between cell membrane structure and nanoparticles in cancer cells.
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