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Chen X, Song Y. Integrating network pharmacology and Mendelian randomization to explore potential targets of matrine against ovarian cancer. Technol Health Care 2024:THC231051. [PMID: 38968061 DOI: 10.3233/thc-231051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrine has been reported inhibitory effects on ovarian cancer (OC) cell progression, development, and apoptosis. However, the molecular targets of matrine against OC and the underlying mechanisms of action remain elusive. OBJECTIVE This study endeavors to unveil the potential targets of matrine against OC and to explore the intricate relationships between these targets and the pathogenesis of OC. METHODS The effects of matrine on the OC cells (A2780 and AKOV3) viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion was investigated through CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and Transwell analyses, respectively. Next, Matrine-related targets, OC-related genes, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequence data were harnessed from publicly available databases. Differentially expressed analyses, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and Venn diagram were involved to unravel the core targets of matrine against OC. Leveraging the GEPIA database, we further validated the expression levels of these core targets between OC cases and controls. Mendelian randomization (MR) study was implemented to delve into potential causal associations between core targets and OC. The AutoDock software was used for molecular docking, and its results were further validated using RT-qPCR in OC cell lines. RESULTS Matrine reduced the cell viability, migration, invasion and increased the cell apoptosis of A2780 and AKOV3 cells (P< 0.01). A PPI network with 578 interactions among 105 candidate targets was developed. Finally, six core targets (TP53, CCND1, STAT3, LI1B, VEGFA, and CCL2) were derived, among which five core targets (TP53, CCND1, LI1B, VEGFA, and CCL2) differential expressed in OC and control samples were further picked for MR analysis. The results revealed that CCND1 and TP53 were risk factors for OC. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that matrine had good potential to bind to TP53, CCND1, and IL1B. Moreover, matrine reduced the expression of CCND1 and IL1B while elevating P53 expression in OC cell lines. CONCLUSIONS We identified six matrine-related targets against OC, offering novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of matrine against OC. These findings provide valuable guidance for developing more efficient and targeted therapeutic approaches for treating OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University (The Shaoxing Municipal Hospital), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingliang Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xinchang County People's Hospital, Xinchang, Zhejiang, China
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2
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Identification of a Four-lncRNA Prognostic Signature for Colon Cancer Based on Genome Instability. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:7408893. [PMID: 34594379 PMCID: PMC8478558 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7408893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
LncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) are closely associated with genome instability. However, the identification of lncRNAs related to the genome instability and their relationship with the prognosis and clinical signature of cancer remains to be explored. In this paper, we analyzed differential lncRNA expression based on the somatic mutation profiles of colon cancer patients from TCGA database and finally identified 153 lncRNAs that are associated with genome instability in colon cancer. Taking four lncRNAs from these 153, we established a genome-instability-related prognostic signature (GIRlncPSig). By applying the GIRlncPSig, we calculated a risk score for each patient, and using their risk scores, we divided them into low- and high-risk groups. We found that the prognosis between the two risk groups was significantly different, and the results were further verified in different independent patient cohorts. Moreover, we observed that the GIRlncPSig was related to somatic mutation rates in colon cancer, indicating that it may be a potential means of measuring genome instability levels in colon cancer. We also revealed that the GIRlncPSig was correlated with BRAF and DPYD mutation rates and that it may be a potential mutation marker for the BRAF and DPYD gene. In summary, we constructed a genome-instability-related lncRNA prognostic signature (GIRlncPSig), which has a significant effect on prognosis prediction and may allow for the discovery of new colon cancer biomarkers.
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3
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Furuse J, Ueno M, Ikeda M. Systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and future perspectives. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2021; 51:1363-1371. [PMID: 34258616 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyab108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since sorafenib was established as the standard of care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, various tyrosine kinase inhibitors, targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and other molecular growth factors, have been developed. Lenvatinib demonstrated non-inferiority to sorafenib in terms of the overall survival, and it has also become confirmed as another standard of care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Recently, various immune checkpoint inhibitors have been investigated, either as monotherapy or in combination with another agent, and superiority of the combination of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, in terms of the overall survival and progression-free survival, has been demonstrated over sorafenib, which is recognized as the treatment regimen of first choice for first-line systemic therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Regorafenib, cabozantinib and ramucirumab have been demonstrated to show survival benefits as second-line treatment agents for progressive disease after first-line sorafenib treatment. There are still various medical requirements in systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. To date, no evidence has been established for the selection of sequential treatment after immune checkpoint inhibitor-containing treatments, especially atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. A promising treatment for Child-Pugh class B hepatocellular carcinoma patients is also an urgent medical need that has not yet been met. Although there are some difficulties in establishing the needed evidence, well-designed clinical trials are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Furuse
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Medical Oncology Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ikeda
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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4
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Takahashi S, Sakamoto Y, Denda T, Takashima A, Komatsu Y, Nakamura M, Ohori H, Yamaguchi T, Kobayashi Y, Baba H, Kotake M, Amagai K, Kondo H, Shimada K, Sato A, Yuki S, Okita A, Ouchi K, Komine K, Watanabe M, Morita S, Ishioka C. Advanced colorectal cancer subtypes (aCRCS) help select oxaliplatin-based or irinotecan-based therapy for colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1567-1578. [PMID: 33548159 PMCID: PMC8019218 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OX) and irinotecan (IRI) are used as key drugs for the first‐line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, no biomarkers have been identified to decide which of the drugs is initially used. In this translational research (TR) of the TRICOLORE trial, the advanced colorectal cancer subtype (aCRCS) was analyzed as a potential biomarker for the selection of OX or IRI. We collected 335 (68.8%) formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) primary tumor specimens from 487 patients registered in the TRICOLORE trial and performed direct sequencing and immunohistochemical staining of CRC‐related genes, comprehensive gene‐expression analysis, and genome‐wide methylation analysis. The progression‐free survival (PFS) of the IRI group was significantly better compared with the OX group in BRAF wild‐type (WT), PTEN‐positive, and aCRCS A1 patients. Among the molecular factors, aCRCS were only associated with the PFS of OX and IRI groups. The PFS of the IRI group was significantly better compared with the OX group in aCRCS A1 + B1 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.41‐0.82; P = .0023). In contrast, the OX group had better PFS compared with the IRI group in aCRCS B2, although this was not statistically significant (HR = 1.66; 95% CI = 0.94‐2.96; P = .083). Nearly half of patients with mCRC (46.8%, aCRCS A1 + B1) respond well to IRI, while only about 18.5% (aCRCS B2) of patients with mCRC responded well to OX. In conclusion, the aCRCS might be a predictive factor for the clinical outcomes of OX‐based and IRI‐based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Takahashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Osaki Citizen Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Denda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsuo Takashima
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshito Komatsu
- Department of Cancer Chemotherapy, Hokkaido University Hospital Cancer Center, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Aizawa Comprehensive Cancer Center, Aizawa Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Hisatsugu Ohori
- Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Kobayashi
- Gastroenterology and Medical Oncology, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masanori Kotake
- Department of Surgery, Kouseiren Takaoka Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kenji Amagai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tonan Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ken Shimada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yuki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akira Okita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kota Ouchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Keigo Komine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Mika Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morita
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chikashi Ishioka
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
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Cellular Mechanisms Accounting for the Refractoriness of Colorectal Carcinoma to Pharmacological Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092605. [PMID: 32933095 PMCID: PMC7563523 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) causes a high number (more than 800,000) of deaths worldwide each year. Better methods for early diagnosis and the development of strategies to enhance the efficacy of the therapeutic approaches used to complement or substitute surgical removal of the tumor are urgently needed. Currently available pharmacological armamentarium provides very moderate benefits to patients due to the high resistance of tumor cells to respond to anticancer drugs. The present review summarizes and classifies into seven groups the cellular and molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance (MOC) accounting for the failure of CRC response to the pharmacological treatment. Abstract The unsatisfactory response of colorectal cancer (CRC) to pharmacological treatment contributes to the substantial global health burden caused by this disease. Over the last few decades, CRC has become the cause of more than 800,000 deaths per year. The reason is a combination of two factors: (i) the late cancer detection, which is being partially solved by the implementation of mass screening of adults over age 50, permitting earlier diagnosis and treatment; (ii) the inadequate response of advanced unresectable tumors (i.e., stages III and IV) to pharmacological therapy. The latter is due to the existence of complex mechanisms of chemoresistance (MOCs) that interact and synergize with each other, rendering CRC cells strongly refractory to the available pharmacological regimens based on conventional chemotherapy, such as pyrimidine analogs (5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, trifluridine, and tipiracil), oxaliplatin, and irinotecan, as well as drugs targeted toward tyrosine kinase receptors (regorafenib, aflibercept, bevacizumab, cetuximab, panitumumab, and ramucirumab), and, more recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab, ipilimumab, and pembrolizumab). In the present review, we have inventoried the genes involved in the lack of CRC response to pharmacological treatment, classifying them into seven groups (from MOC-1 to MOC-7) according to functional criteria to identify cancer cell weaknesses. This classification will be useful to pave the way for developing sensitizing tools consisting of (i) new agents to be co-administered with the active drug; (ii) pharmacological approaches, such as drug encapsulation (e.g., into labeled liposomes or exosomes); (iii) gene therapy interventions aimed at restoring the impaired function of some proteins (e.g., uptake transporters and tumor suppressors) or abolishing that of others (such as export pumps and oncogenes).
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Li X, Hu Z, Shi H, Wang C, Lei J, Cheng Y. Inhibition of VEGFA Increases the Sensitivity of Ovarian Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy by Suppressing VEGFA-Mediated Autophagy. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8161-8171. [PMID: 32884298 PMCID: PMC7443464 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the leading cause of death of gynecological malignancies worldwide. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), the most potent angiogenic factor, is responsible for tumor growth and angiogenesis, but its role in OvCa chemotherapy resistance remains unclear. Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect VEGFA expression in tumor cells and normal ovarian surface epithelial cells. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was used to analyze GO terms correlated with VEGFA. In in vitro experiments, we knockdown VEGFA in tumor cells and detected the tumor cell viability and apoptosis after chemotherapy drug treatment by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Western blot was used to detect autophagy and apoptosis related proteins. Results We proved that VEGFA was highly expressed in tumor cells comparted with normal ovarian surface epithelial cells, and enriched GO analysis of VEGFA showed that VEGFA was involved in anti-apoptotic process. Further in vitro experiments confirmed that expression of VEGFA was correlated with chemotherapy resistance and this effect was mediated by autophagy. Meanwhile tumor cells treated with chemotherapy drugs also promoted the expression of VEGFA. Knockdown VEGFA inhibited autophagy of tumor cells and thus potents the killing efficiency in DDP resistant tumor cells and this effect could be reversed by the addition of recombinant VEGFA. Conclusion Taken together, our study demonstrates that VEGFA is involved in anti-apoptosis of tumor cells to chemotherapy, killing partly through autophagy, indicating that VEGFA may serve as a potential target to improve chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Huirong Shi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wang
- Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Lei
- Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Gynecological Oncology Radiotherapy Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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7
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Parikh AR, Lee FC, Yau L, Koh H, Knost J, Mitchell EP, Bosanac I, Choong N, Scappaticci F, Mancao C, Lenz HJ. MAVERICC, a Randomized, Biomarker-stratified, Phase II Study of mFOLFOX6-Bevacizumab versus FOLFIRI-Bevacizumab as First-line Chemotherapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:2988-2995. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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8
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Takeyama H, Wakasa T, Inoue K, Kitani K, Tsujie M, Ogawa T, Yukawa M, Ohta Y, Inoue M. Thymidylate synthase expression in primary colorectal cancer as a predictive marker for the response to 5-fluorouracil- and oxaliplatin-based preoperative chemotherapy for liver metastases. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 9:3-10. [PMID: 29977534 PMCID: PMC6031013 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), predictive markers for response to preoperative chemotherapy are lacking. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of thymidylate synthase (TS) and excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) as predictive markers in CRLM. A total of 24 patients with CRLM were included in this study. Tumor response was evaluated using the tumor regression grade (TRG) and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) methods. TS and ERCC1 expression in paired CRLM and primary lesions were assessed by immunohistochemistry. We analyzed correlations between i) the response to preoperative chemotherapy evaluated by TRG and RECIST, ii) TS and ERCC1 expression and the response evaluated by TRG and RESICT, and iii) TS and ERCC1 expression in matched pairs of primary tumor and CRLM. The preoperative chemotherapy response evaluated by TRG and RECIST was significantly associated (P=0.0005). The response based on RECIST criteria and TRG was significantly associated with TS expression in the primary tumor (P=0.0272, and P=0.0137, respectively). No correlations were detected between marker expression in the primary tumor and in CRLM for either TS or ERCC1 (P=0.371 and P=1.00, respectively). Our data suggested that TS expression in the primary tumor is a predictive marker of preoperative chemotherapy response in CRLM based on both TRG and RECIST methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Takeyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Tomoko Wakasa
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Keisuke Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kitani
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsujie
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Takafumi Ogawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masao Yukawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ohta
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Inoue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kindai University Nara Hospital, Ikoma, Nara 630-0293, Japan
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Taniguchi H, Baba Y, Sagiya Y, Gotou M, Nakamura K, Sawada H, Yamanaka K, Sakakibara Y, Mori I, Hikichi Y, Soeda J, Baba H. Biologic Response of Colorectal Cancer Xenograft Tumors to Sequential Treatment with Panitumumab and Bevacizumab. Neoplasia 2018; 20:668-677. [PMID: 29802988 PMCID: PMC6030230 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies in RAS wild-type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) suggest that the survival benefits of therapy using anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) antibodies combined with chemotherapy are maximized when the anti-EGFR antibody is given as first-line, followed by subsequent anti-VEGF antibody therapy. We report reverse-translational research using LIM1215 xenografts of RAS WT mCRC to elucidate the biologic mechanisms underlying this clinical observation. Sequential administration of panitumumab then bevacizumab (PB) demonstrated a stronger tendency to inhibit tumor growth than bevacizumab then panitumumab (BP). Cell proliferation was reduced significantly with PB (P < .01) but not with BP based on Ki-67 index. Phosphoproteomic analysis demonstrated reduced phosphorylation of EGFR and EPHA2 with PB and BP compared with control. Western blotting showed reduced EPHA2 expression and S897-phosphorylation with PB; RSK phosphorylation was largely unaffected by PB but increased significantly with BP. In quantitative real-time PCR analyses, PB significantly reduced the expression of both lipogenic (FASN, MVD) and hypoxia-related (CA9, TGFBI) genes versus control. These results suggest that numerous mechanisms at the levels of gene expression, protein expression, and protein phosphorylation may explain the improved clinical activity of PB over BP in patients with RAS WT mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Taniguchi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan
| | - Yuji Baba
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yoji Sagiya
- Japan Medical Affairs, Japan Oncology Business Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo 103-8668, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Gotou
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Nakamura
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sawada
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yamanaka
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sakakibara
- Japan Medical Affairs, Japan Oncology Business Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo 103-8668, Japan
| | - Ikuo Mori
- Japan Medical Affairs, Japan Oncology Business Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo 103-8668, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hikichi
- Product Information Group, Japan Oncology Business Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo 103-8668, Japan
| | - Junpei Soeda
- Japan Medical Affairs, Japan Oncology Business Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo 103-8668, Japan.
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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10
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Brown KM, Xue A, Julovi SM, Gill AJ, Pavlakis N, Samra JS, Smith RC, Hugh TJ. Using patient-derived xenograft models of colorectal liver metastases to predict chemosensitivity. J Surg Res 2018; 227:158-167. [PMID: 29804848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few in vivo models for colorectal cancer have been demonstrated to show external validity by accurately predicting clinical patient outcomes. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of cancer have characteristics that might provide a form of translational research leading to personalized cancer care. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of using PDXs as a platform for predicting patient colorectal liver metastases responses, in this case by correlating PDX and patient tumor responses to either folinic acid, fluorouracil plus oxaliplatin or folinic acid, fluorouracil plus irinotecan-based regimens. METHODS Sixteen patients underwent potentially curative resection of colorectal liver metastases, and tumors were grafted into NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/Arc mice. Mice were divided into groups to determine relative tumor growth in response to treatment. Tumors were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for Ki67 and Excision repair cross-complementation group 1. RESULTS An engraftment rate of 81% was achieved. Overall, there was a 67% positive match rate between eligible patient and PDX chemosensitivity profiles. There was a significant difference in relative decrease in Ki67 expression between sensitive/stable versus resistant PDXs for both treatment regimens. There was no statistically significant correlation between baseline ERCC1 expression and response to Oxaliplatin + 5-Fluorouracil in the PDXs. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study supports the feasibility of using PDX models of advanced colorectal cancer in larger studies to potentially predict patient chemosensitivity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai M Brown
- Cancer Surgery and Metabolism Research Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Upper GI Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Aiqun Xue
- Cancer Surgery and Metabolism Research Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Upper GI Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sohel M Julovi
- Cancer Surgery and Metabolism Research Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaswinder S Samra
- Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Upper GI Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ross C Smith
- Cancer Surgery and Metabolism Research Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas J Hugh
- Cancer Surgery and Metabolism Research Group, University of Sydney, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Upper GI Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital and North Shore Private Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Kawamata F, Patch AM, Nones K, Bond C, McKeone D, Pearson SA, Homma S, Liu C, Fennell L, Dumenil T, Hartel G, Kobayasi N, Yokoo H, Fukai M, Nishihara H, Kamiyama T, Burge ME, Karapetis CS, Taketomi A, Leggett B, Waddell N, Whitehall V. Copy number profiles of paired primary and metastatic colorectal cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 9:3394-3405. [PMID: 29423054 PMCID: PMC5790471 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver metastasis is the major cause of death following a diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we compared the copy number profiles of paired primary and liver metastatic CRC to better understand how the genomic structure of primary CRC differs from the metastasis. Paired primary and metastatic tumors from 16 patients and their adjacent normal tissue samples were analyzed using single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. Genome-wide chromosomal copy number alterations were assessed, with particular attention to 188 genes known to be somatically altered in CRC and 24 genes that are clinically actionable in CRC. These data were analyzed with respect to the timing of primary and metastatic tissue resection and with exposure to chemotherapy. The genomic differences between the tumor and paired metastases revealed an average copy number discordance of 22.0%. The pairs of tumor samples collected prior to treatment revealed significantly higher copy number differences compared to post-therapy liver metastases (P = 0.014). Loss of heterozygosity acquired in liver metastases was significantly higher in previously treated liver metastasis samples compared to treatment naive liver metastasis samples (P = 0.003). Amplification of the clinically actionable genes ERBB2, FGFR1, PIK3CA or CDK8 was observed in the metastatic tissue of 4 patients but not in the paired primary CRC. These examples highlight the intra-patient genomic discrepancies that can occur between metastases and the primary tumors from which they arose. We propose that precision medicine strategies may therefore identify different actionable targets in metastatic tissue, compared to primary tumors, due to substantial genomic differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Futoshi Kawamata
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ann-Marie Patch
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katia Nones
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Catherine Bond
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Diane McKeone
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sally-Ann Pearson
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shigenori Homma
- Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Cheng Liu
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lochlan Fennell
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Troy Dumenil
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gunter Hartel
- Statistics Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nozomi Kobayasi
- Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideki Yokoo
- Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Moto Fukai
- Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Leggett
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Vicki Whitehall
- Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Pathology Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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12
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Wang X, Zhu X, Zhang H, Fan X, Xue X, Chen Y, Ding C, Zhao J, Wu G. ERCC1_202 Is A Prognostic Biomarker in Advanced Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Platinum-Based Chemotherapy. J Cancer 2017; 8:2846-2853. [PMID: 28928874 PMCID: PMC5604217 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To develop a qPCR method to examine the 202 isoform of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1_202) and to evaluate its clinical utility as a predictive biomarker for platinum-based chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The relative complementary DNA (cDNA) quantification for ERCC1_202 was conducted using a fluorescence-based, real-time detection method and β-actin was used as a reference gene. Results: A strong correlation was observed between ERCC1_202 mRNA and ERCC1 mRNA levels in NSCLC cells (P < 0.001). 28 patients completed this research. Our results implied that as ERCC1_202 levels increased, the risk of progression (HR = 4.296, P = 0.011) and death (HR = 6.503, P = 0.001) increased. At multivariate analysis, high expression of ERCC1_202 was shown to be an independent predictive factor for time to progression (P = 0.047), and progression-free survival (P = 0.014). However, the high expression of ERCC1_202 was not an independent predictive factor for response (P = 0.324). Conclusions: This study suggests that the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy can be improved when customized according to the expression of ERCC1_202.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyong Wang
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hongming Zhang
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaobo Fan
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiulei Xue
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chenbo Ding
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianwen Zhao
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guoqiu Wu
- Medical school of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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13
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Hu Y, Li Y, Wu C, Zhou L, Han X, Wang Q, Xie X, Zhou Y, Du Z. MicroRNA-140-5p inhibits cell proliferation and invasion by regulating VEGFA/MMP2 signaling in glioma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317697558. [PMID: 28443475 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317697558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system, which results in both a poor prognosis and outcome because of the aggressive progression of disease, growth and resistance to surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. MiR-140-5p is a small, non-coding single-stranded RNA molecule, which was previously studied in the settings of human tongue cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer. However, detailed data that formally demonstrate the contribution of miR-140-5p to glioma development are missing. Similarly, relatively little is known about the relationship of miR-140-5p, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in glioma progression. In this study, we found that miR-140-5p expression was significantly decreased in glioma tissues and in the glioma cell-lines U87 and U251 as compared with non-cancerous brain tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, miR-140-5p inhibited glioma cell proliferation and invasion and promoted glioma cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Interestingly, while the expression levels of miR-140-5p were higher in glioma cells, the messenger RNA or protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A and matrix metalloproteinase-2 were lower in glioma cells as determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot assay, and immunohistochemistry. By contrast, downregulation in the expression levels of miR-140-5p augmented the messenger RNA and protein expression levels of both vascular endothelial growth factor A and matrix metalloproteinase-2. These findings suggested that miR-140-5p inhibited glioma proliferation and invasion by regulating the vascular endothelial growth factor A/matrix metalloproteinase-2 signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hu
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Wu
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyue Wang
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshun Xie
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Youxin Zhou
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Du
- Neurosurgery and Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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14
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Varlamov AV, Pal'tseva EM, Sekacheva MI, Skipenko OG, Fedorov DN. [Impact of preoperative drug therapy on the expression of angiogenesis markers in colorectal liver metastases]. Arkh Patol 2017; 79:36-42. [PMID: 28295006 DOI: 10.17116/patol201779136-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM to study changes in the expression of angio- and vasculogenesis markers in colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases to the liver during combined cytotoxic and targeted anti-VEGF therapy versus cytotoxic monotherapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Intraoperative samples from 96 patients with colorectal adenocarcinomas metastases to the liver were immunohistochemically examined. The investigation enrolled patients who had preoperatively received either combined FOLFOX6 cytotoxic therapy and targeted anti-VEGF therapy with bevacizumab or only FOLFOX6 therapy, as well as patients who had not received preoperative anti-tumor drug treatment. The expression of SDF1α, CXCR4, CXCR7, and VEGF-A was compared in these groups. Statistical significance was accepted at p<0.05. RESULTS The expression of CXCR4 in the vessel endothelial cells was significantly less frequently detected in the patients who had received combined cytotoxic therapy and targeted anti-VEGF therapy as compared to those had not drug therapy. Comparing the patients treated with cytotoxic drugs with those who had not received anti-tumor therapy revealed similar results in the women. CXCR7 expression in the tumor cells and stromal cells from the metastatic foci was significantly more common in the group of male patients treated with cytotoxic drugs according to the FOLFOX6 regimen. The expression of SDF1α in the tumor cells was significantly more often observed in the male patients who had received combined cytotoxic therapy and targeted anti-VEGF therapy than in those who had not drug therapy. VEGF expression in the stromal cells was significantly less frequently seen in the patients who had received the combined therapy. CONCLUSION Combined cytotoxic therapy and targeted anti-VEGF therapy for colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases to the liver leads to some suppression of the alternative pathway in the formation of new vessels, by reducing the expression of CXCR4 in the vessel endothelial cells and that of VEGF in the stromal cells from the metastatic foci. In men, this therapy simultaneously causes an increase in the expression of SDF1α in the tumor cells and in that of CXCR4 in the stroma. Preoperative FOLFOX6 therapy significantly increases the expression of CXCR7 in the tumor cells and stromal cells in the male patients, which may suggest that this pathway in vessel formation can be activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Varlamov
- B.V. Petrovsky Russian Surgery Research Center, Moscow, Russia; Research Institute of Human Morphologyr, Moscow, Russia
| | - E M Pal'tseva
- B.V. Petrovsky Russian Surgery Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - M I Sekacheva
- B.V. Petrovsky Russian Surgery Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - O G Skipenko
- B.V. Petrovsky Russian Surgery Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - D N Fedorov
- B.V. Petrovsky Russian Surgery Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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