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Chen L, Wei M, Zhou B, Wang K, Zhu E, Cheng Z. The roles and mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy in animal viral infections. Vet Res 2024; 55:107. [PMID: 39227990 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a unique organelle responsible for protein synthesis and processing, lipid synthesis in eukaryotic cells, and the replication of many animal viruses is closely related to ER. A considerable number of viral proteins are synthesised during viral infection, resulting in the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in ER, which in turn induces endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). ERS further drives three signalling pathways (PERK, IRE1, and ATF6) of the cellular unfolded protein response (UPR) to respond to the ERS. In numerous studies, ERS has been shown to mediate autophagy, a highly conserved cellular degradation mechanism to maintain cellular homeostasis in eukaryotic cells, through the UPR to restore ER homeostasis. ERS-mediated autophagy is closely linked to the occurrence and development of numerous viral diseases in animals. Host cells can inhibit viral replication by regulating ERS-mediated autophagy, restoring the ER's normal physiological process. Conversely, many viruses have evolved strategies to exploit ERS-mediated autophagy to achieve immune escape. These strategies include the regulation of PERK-eIF2α-Beclin1, PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-ATG12, IRE1α-JNK-Beclin1, and other signalling pathways, which provide favourable conditions for the replication of animal viruses in host cells. The ERS-mediated autophagy pathway has become a hot topic in animal virological research. This article reviews the most recent research regarding the regulatory functions of ERS-mediated autophagy pathways in animal viral infections, emphasising the underlying mechanisms in the context of different viral infections. Furthermore, it considers the future direction and challenges in the development of ERS-mediated autophagy targeting strategies for combating animal viral diseases, which will contribute to unveiling their pathogenic mechanism from a new perspective and provide a scientific reference for the discovery and development of new antiviral drugs and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Miaozhan Wei
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Bijun Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Kaigong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Erpeng Zhu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Zhentao Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Veterinary Public Health of Guizhou Province, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Transcriptomic Changes Associated with Loss of Cell Viability Induced by Oxysterol Treatment of a Retinal Photoreceptor-Derived Cell Line: An In Vitro Model of Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052339. [PMID: 33652836 PMCID: PMC7956713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Smith–Lemli–Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) results from mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme DHCR7, which catalyzes conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) to cholesterol (CHOL). Rats treated with a DHCR7 inhibitor serve as a SLOS animal model, and exhibit progressive photoreceptor-specific cell death, with accumulation of 7DHC and oxidized sterols. To understand the basis of this cell type specificity, we performed transcriptomic analyses on a photoreceptor-derived cell line (661W), treating cells with two 7DHC-derived oxysterols, which accumulate in tissues and bodily fluids of SLOS patients and in the rat SLOS model, as well as with CHOL (negative control), and evaluated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for each treatment. Gene enrichment analysis and compilation of DEG sets indicated that endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, DNA damage and repair, and autophagy were all highly up-regulated pathways in oxysterol-treated cells. Detailed analysis indicated that the two oxysterols exert their effects via different molecular mechanisms. Changes in expression of key genes in highlighted pathways (Hmox1, Ddit3, Trib3, and Herpud1) were validated by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. The results extend our understanding of the pathobiology of retinal degeneration and SLOS, identifying potential new druggable targets for therapeutic intervention into these and other related orphan diseases.
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Kaluzki I, Hailemariam-Jahn T, Doll M, Kaufmann R, Balermpas P, Zöller N, Kippenberger S, Meissner M. Dimethylfumarate Inhibits Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Proliferation: Evidence for Cell Cycle Arrest, Apoptosis and Autophagy. Cells 2019; 8:E1329. [PMID: 31661890 PMCID: PMC6912700 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have proven that Dimethylfumarate (DMF) has a marked anti-proliferative impact on diverse cancer entities e.g., on malignant melanoma. To explore its anti-tumorigenic potential, we examined the effects of DMF on human colon carcinoma cell lines and the underlying mechanisms of action. Human colon cancer cell line HT-29 and human colorectal carcinoma cell line T84 were treated with or without DMF. Effects of DMF on proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis were analyzed mainly by Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)- and Lactatdehydrogenase (LDH)assays, caspase activation, flowcytometry, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting. In addition, combinational treatments with radiation and chemotherapy were performed. DMF inhibits cell proliferation in both cell lines. It was shown that DMF induces a cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, which is accompanied by upregulation of p21 and downregulation of cyclin D1 and Cyclin dependent kinase (CDK)4. Furthermore, upregulation of autophagy associated proteins suggests that autophagy is involved. In addition, the activation of apoptotic markers provides evidence that apoptosis is involved. Our results show that DMF supports the action of oxaliplatin in a synergetic manner and failed synergy with radiation. We demonstrated that DMF has distinct antitumorigenic, cell dependent effects on colon cancer cells by arresting cell cycle in G0/G1 phase as well as activating both the autophagic and apoptotic pathways and synergizes with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kaluzki
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Tsige Hailemariam-Jahn
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Monika Doll
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Roland Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Panagiotis Balermpas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitäts Spital, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Nadja Zöller
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Stefan Kippenberger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Markus Meissner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Goethe-University, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yi P, Dong W, Nalin AP, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Chen L, Benson DM, Mundy-Bosse BL, Freud AG, Caligiuri MA, Yu J. The IL-15-AKT-XBP1s signaling pathway contributes to effector functions and survival in human NK cells. Nat Immunol 2019; 20:10-17. [PMID: 30538328 PMCID: PMC6293989 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0265-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is one of the most important cytokines that regulate the biology of natural killer (NK) cells1. Here we identified a signaling pathway-involving the serine-threonine kinase AKT and the transcription factor XBP1s, which regulates unfolded protein response genes2,3-that was activated in response to IL-15 in human NK cells. IL-15 induced the phosphorylation of AKT, which led to the deubiquitination, increased stability and nuclear accumulation of XBP1s protein. XBP1s bound to and recruited the transcription factor T-BET to the gene encoding granzyme B, leading to increased transcription. XBP1s positively regulated the cytolytic activity of NK cells against leukemia cells and was also required for IL-15-mediated NK cell survival through an anti-apoptotic mechanism. Thus, the newly identified IL-15-AKT-XBP1s signaling pathway contributes to enhanced effector functions and survival of human NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Wang
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yibo Zhang
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ping Yi
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Ansel P Nalin
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Information Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Zheng Zhu
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lichao Chen
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Don M Benson
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Bethany L Mundy-Bosse
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Aharon G Freud
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jianhua Yu
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
- Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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Zhao J, Li Y, Gao J, De Y. Hesperidin inhibits ovarian cancer cell viability through endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5569-5574. [PMID: 29142606 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hesperidin is a vitamin P flavonoid compound primarily present in citrus fruits. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether hesperidin inhibits ovarian cancer cell viability via endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways. A2780 cells were treated with various doses of hesperidin for 6, 12 or 24 h, and the viability of A2780 cells was assessed using the MTT assay. Hesperidin decreased the viability of A2780 cells and increased cytotoxicity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, hesperidin induced apoptosis and increased cleaved caspase-3 protein expression levels in A2780 cells. Furthermore, hesperidin markedly increased the protein expression of anti-growth arrest- and DNA damage-inducible gene 153, anti-CCAAT'enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, glucose-regulated protein 78 and cytochrome c in A2780 cells. The results of the present study indicated that hesperidin inhibits cell viability and induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells via endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathways. Thus, hesperidin may offer a novel therapeutic tool for ovarian carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Department for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Yali Li
- Department for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Jinfang Gao
- Department for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Yinshan De
- Department for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Navy General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
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Jia D, Niu Y, Li D, Zhang Q. MicroRNA-223 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced PC-12 cells apoptosis and autophagy by targeting RPH1 in spinal cord injury. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9223-9232. [PMID: 31966794 PMCID: PMC6965896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized as key regulators in SCI; however, the role of miR-223 in SCI remains unclear. Herein, our study aimed to explore the effect of miR-223 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury to PC-12 cells. PC-12 cells were treated with different concentrations of LPS, and then cell viability, apoptosis, apoptosis-related factors and autophagy-related factors were analyzed by CCK-8, flow cytometry and western blot. Subsequently, miR-223 mimic, miR-223 inhibitor, pEX-RPH1, sh-RPH1 and corresponding controls were transfected into PC-12 cells followed by 5 μg/ml of LPS treatment. Cell viability, apoptosis, apoptosis-related and autophagy-related factors were analyzed again. A target gene of miR-223 was validated by dual-luciferase assay. Besides, the main factors expressions of mTOR and NF-κB signal pathways were measured by western blot. LPS reduced cell viability but increased apoptotic cells rate, up-regulated Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, LC-II and Beclin-1, and down-regulated Bcl-2 and p62 expressions in a dose-dependent way. Additionally, miR-223 overexpression promoted cell viability but inhibited apoptosis, and autophagy in LPS-stimulated PC-12 cells. RPH1 was a direct target of miR-223, and RPH1 exhibited contrary impacts to miR-223 on LPS-induced cell apoptosis and autophagy. Besides, the promoting effects of miR-223 suppression on cell apoptosis and autophagy were relieved by RPH1 silence. Furthermore, miR-223 blocked LPS-induced mTOR and NF-κB pathways by down-regulation of RPH1. MiR-223 improved cell viability but declined apoptosis and autophagy by targeting RPH1 and blocked mTOR and NF-κB pathways in LPS challenged PC-12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daofu Jia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Jinan 250013, China
| | - Yanping Niu
- Clinic Service Centre, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dongling Li
- Department of Operation Room, Children Hospital of Jinan Jinan 250022, China
| | - Qingguo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital Jinan 250013, China
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Wang M, Liu G, Shan GP, Wang BB. In Vivo and In Vitro Effects of ATM/ATR Signaling Pathway on Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Radiosensitivity of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2017; 32:193-203. [PMID: 28820634 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2017.2212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Ping Shan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Bing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Wu X, Jiang L, Sun X, Yao X, Bai Y, Liu X, Liu N, Zhai X, Wang S, Yang G. Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis in human endothelial cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106:273-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Roustan V, Jain A, Teige M, Ebersberger I, Weckwerth W. An evolutionary perspective of AMPK-TOR signaling in the three domains of life. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3897-907. [PMID: 27270999 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
AMPK and TOR protein kinases are the major control points of energy signaling in eukaryotic cells and organisms. They form the core of a complex regulatory network to co-ordinate metabolic activities in the cytosol with those in the mitochondria and plastids. Despite its relevance, it is still unclear when and how this regulatory pathway was formed during evolution, and to what extent its representations in the major eukaryotic lineages resemble each other. Here we have traced 153 essential proteins forming the human AMPK-TOR pathways across 412 species representing all three domains of life-prokaryotes (bacteria, archaea) and eukaryotes-and reconstructed their evolutionary history. The resulting phylogenetic profiles indicate the presence of primordial core pathways including seven proto-kinases in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. The evolutionary origins of the oldest components of the AMPK pathway, however, extend into the pre-eukaryotic era, and descendants of these ancient proteins can still be found in contemporary prokaryotes. The TOR complex in turn appears as a eukaryotic invention, possibly to aid in retrograde signaling between the mitochondria and the remainder of the cell. Within the eukaryotes, AMPK/TOR showed both a highly conserved core structure and a considerable plasticity. Most notably, KING1, a protein originally assigned as the γ subunit of AMPK in plants, is more closely related to the yeast SDS23 gene family than to the γ subunits in animals or fungi. This suggests its functional difference from a canonical AMPK γ subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Roustan
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arpit Jain
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Str. 13, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Markus Teige
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingo Ebersberger
- Department of Applied Bioinformatics, Institute for Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Str. 13, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberg Anlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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