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Kato H, Hayami S, Ueno M, Suzaki N, Nakamura M, Yoshimura T, Miyamoto A, Shigekawa Y, Okada K, Miyazawa M, Kitahata Y, Ehata S, Hamamoto R, Yamaue H, Kawai M. Histone methyltransferase SUV420H1/KMT5B contributes to poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:385-400. [PMID: 38082550 PMCID: PMC10859612 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high rate of recurrence and poor prognosis, even after curative surgery. Multikinase inhibitors have been applied for HCC patients, but their effect has been restricted. This study aims to clarify the clinical impact of SUV420H1/KMT5B, one of the methyltransferases for histone H4 at lysine 20, and elucidate the novel mechanisms of HCC progression. We retrospectively investigated SUV420H1 expression using HCC clinical tissue samples employing immunohistochemical analysis (n = 350). We then performed loss-of-function analysis of SUV420H1 with cell cycle analysis, migration assay, invasion assay and RNA sequence for Gene Ontology (GO) pathway analysis in vitro, and animal experiments with xenograft mice in vivo. The SUV420H1-high-score group (n = 154) had significantly poorer prognosis for both 5-year overall and 2-year/5-year disease-free survival than the SUV420H1-low-score group (n = 196) (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). The SUV420H1-high-score group had pathologically larger tumor size, more tumors, poorer differentiation, and more positive vascular invasion than the SUV420H1-low-score group. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that SUV420H1 high score was the poorest independent factor for overall survival. SUV420H1 knockdown could suppress cell cycle from G1 to S phase and cell invasion. GO pathway analysis showed that SUV420H1 contributed to cell proliferation, cell invasion, and/or metastasis. Overexpression of SUV420H1 clinically contributed to poor prognosis in HCC, and the inhibition of SUV420H1 could repress tumor progression and invasion both in vitro and in vivo; thus, further analyses of SUV420H1 are necessary for the discovery of future molecularly targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Kato
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Norihiko Suzaki
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Masashi Nakamura
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Yoshimura
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Atsushi Miyamoto
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Yoshinobu Shigekawa
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Ken‐Ichi Okada
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Motoki Miyazawa
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Yuji Kitahata
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Shogo Ehata
- Department of Pathology, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Division of Medical AI Research and DevelopmentNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Manabu Kawai
- Second Department of Surgery, School of MedicineWakayama Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
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2
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Azizi SA, Qiu T, Brookes NE, Dickinson BC. Regulation of ERK2 activity by dynamic S-acylation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113135. [PMID: 37715953 PMCID: PMC10591828 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) are key effector proteins of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, choreographing essential processes of cellular physiology. Here, we discover that ERK1/2 are subject to S-acylation, a reversible lipid modification of cysteine residues, at C271/C254. The levels of ERK1/2 S-acylation are modulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling, mirroring its phosphorylation dynamics, and acylation-deficient ERK2 displays altered phosphorylation patterns. We show that ERK1/2 S-acylation is mediated by "writer" protein acyl transferases (PATs) and "eraser" acyl protein thioesterases (APTs) and that chemical inhibition of either lipid addition or removal alters ERK1/2's EGF-triggered transcriptional program. Finally, in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome, we find that ERK1/2 lipidation levels correlate with alterations in ERK1/2 lipidation writer/eraser expression, solidifying a link between ERK1/2 activity, ERK1/2 lipidation, and organismal health. This study describes how lipidation regulates ERK1/2 and offers insight into the role of dynamic S-acylation in cell signaling more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara-Anne Azizi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tian Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Noah E Brookes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bryan C Dickinson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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3
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Maksimova V, Makus J, Popova V, Prus A, Usalka O, Trapeznikova E, Zhidkova E, Belitsky G, Yakubovskaya M, Kirsanov K. Histone Methyltransferases as a New Target for Epigenetic Action of Vorinostat. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:968-978. [PMID: 37751867 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792307009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic genome regulation during malignant cell transformation is characterized by the aberrant methylation and acetylation of histones. Vorinostat (SAHA) is an epigenetic modulator actively used in clinical oncology. The antitumor activity of vorinostat is commonly believed to be associated with the inhibition of histone deacetylases, while the impact of this drug on histone methylation has been poorly studied. Using HeLa TI cells as a test system allowing evaluation of the effect of epigenetically active compounds from the expression of the GFP reporter gene and gene knockdown by small interfering RNAs, we showed that vorinostat not only suppressed HDAC1, but also reduced the activity of EZH2, SUV39H1, SUV39H2, and SUV420H1. The ability of vorinostat to suppress expression of EZH2, SUV39H1/2, SUV420H1 was confirmed by Western blotting. Vorinostat also downregulated expression of SUV420H2 and DOT1L enzymes. The data obtained expand our understanding of the epigenetic effects of vorinostat and demonstrate the need for a large-scale analysis of its activity toward other enzymes involved in the epigenetic genome regulation. Elucidation of the mechanism underlying the epigenetic action of vorinostat will contribute to its more proper use in the treatment of tumors with an aberrant epigenetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Maksimova
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - Julia Makus
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Valeriia Popova
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
- Dmitry Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, 125047, Russia
| | - Anzhelika Prus
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
- MIREA, Russian Technological University, Moscow, 119571, Russia
| | - Olga Usalka
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Trapeznikova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zhidkova
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - Gennady Belitsky
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | | | - Kirill Kirsanov
- Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia.
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, 117198, Russia
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Gabellini D, Pedrotti S. The SUV4-20H Histone Methyltransferases in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094736. [PMID: 35563127 PMCID: PMC9102147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The post-translational modification of histone tails is a dynamic process that provides chromatin with high plasticity. Histone modifications occur through the recruitment of nonhistone proteins to chromatin and have the potential to influence fundamental biological processes. Many recent studies have been directed at understanding the role of methylated lysine 20 of histone H4 (H4K20) in physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we will focus on the function and regulation of the histone methyltransferases SUV4-20H1 and SUV4-20H2, which catalyze the di- and tri-methylation of H4K20 at H4K20me2 and H4K20me3, respectively. We will highlight recent studies that have elucidated the functions of these enzymes in various biological processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and DNA replication. We will also provide an overview of the pathological conditions associated with H4K20me2/3 misregulation as a result of mutations or the aberrant expression of SUV4-20H1 or SUV4-20H2. Finally, we will critically analyze the data supporting these functions and outline questions for future research.
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Andrade da Mota TH, Reis Guimarães AF, Silva de Carvalho AÉ, Saldanha- de Araujo F, Pinto de Faria Lopes G, Pittella-Silva F, do Amaral Rabello D, Madureira de Oliveira D. Effects of in vitro short- and long-term treatment with telomerase inhibitor in U-251 glioma cells. Tumour Biol 2021; 43:327-340. [DOI: 10.3233/tub-211515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The inhibition of the enzyme telomerase (TERT) has been widely investigated as a new pharmacological approach for cancer treatment, but its real potential and the biochemical consequences are not totally understood. OBJECTIVE: Here, we investigated the effects of the telomerase inhibitor MST-312 on a human glioma cell line after both short- and long-term (290 days) treatments. METHODS: Effects on cell growth, viability, cell cycle, morphology, cell death and genes expression were assessed. RESULTS: We found that short-term treatment promoted cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis. Importantly, cells with telomerase knock-down revealed that the toxic effects of MST-312 are partially TERT dependent. In contrast, although the long-term treatment decreased cell proliferation at first, it also caused adaptations potentially related to treatment resistance and tumor aggressiveness after long time of exposition. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the short-term effects of telomerase inhibition not being due to telomere erosion, they are at least partially related to the enzyme inhibition, which may represent an important strategy to pave the way for tumor growth control, especially through modulation of the non-canonical functions of telomerase. On the other hand, long-term exposure to the inhibitor had the potential to induce cell adaptations with possible negative clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tales Henrique Andrade da Mota
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Human Health, University of Brasilia, Ceilândia, DF, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Cancer, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Reis Guimarães
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Human Health, University of Brasilia, Ceilândia, DF, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Cancer, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Amandda Évelin Silva de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Felipe Saldanha- de Araujo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Giselle Pinto de Faria Lopes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-oncology, National Institute of Cancer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Admiral Paulo Moreira Sea Studies Institute, IEAPM, Arraial do Cabo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fábio Pittella-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Cancer, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Diêgo Madureira de Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Human Health, University of Brasilia, Ceilândia, DF, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology of Cancer, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
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6
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Silva JD, Nogueira L, Coelho R, Deus A, Khayat A, Marchi R, Oliveira ED, Santos APD, Cavalli L, Pereira S. HPV-associated penile cancer: Impact of copy number alterations in miRNA/mRNA interactions and potential druggable targets. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:147-160. [PMID: 34151841 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penile cancer (PeCa) is a rare disease, but its incidence has increased worldwide, mostly in HPV+ patients. Nevertheless, there is still no targeted treatment for this carcinoma. OBJECTIVE To predict the main signaling pathways involved in penile tumorigenesis and its potential drug targets. METHODS Genome-wide copy number profiling was performed in 28 PeCa. Integration analysis of CNAs and miRNAs and mRNA targets was performed by DIANA-TarBase v.8. The potential impact of the miRNAs/target genes on biological pathways was assessed by DIANA-miRPath v.3.0. For each miRNA, KEGG pathways were generated based on the tarbase and microT-CDS algorithms. Pharmaco-miR was used to identify associations between miRNAs and their target genes to predict druggable targets. RESULTS 269 miRNAs and 2,395 genes were mapped in cytobands with CNAs. The comparison of the miRNAs mapped at these cytobands and the miRNAs that were predicted to regulate the genes also mapped in these regions, resulted in a set of common 35 miRNAs and 292 genes. Enrichment pathway revealed their involvement in five top signaling pathways. EGFR and COX2 were identified as potential druggable targets. CONCLUSION Our data indicate the potential use of EGFR and COX2 inhibitors as a target treatment for PeCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenilson da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Leudivan Nogueira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.,Aldenora Bello Cancer Hospital, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Ronald Coelho
- Aldenora Bello Cancer Hospital, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Amanda Deus
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.,Aldenora Bello Cancer Hospital, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - André Khayat
- Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Rafael Marchi
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Edivaldo de Oliveira
- Tissue Culture and Cytogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Evandro Chagas, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Luciane Cavalli
- Research Institute Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Silma Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
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7
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Wickramasekara RN, Robertson B, Hulen J, Hallgren J, Stessman HAF. Differential effects by sex with Kmt5b loss. Autism Res 2021; 14:1554-1571. [PMID: 33871180 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in genetic studies of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet, its role in the brain is not known. The goal of this work was to neurodevelopmentally characterize the effect(s) of KMT5B haploinsufficiency using a mouse model. A Kmt5b gene-trap mouse line was obtained from the Knockout Mouse Project. Wild type (WT) and heterozygous (HET) mice were subjected to a comprehensive neurodevelopmental test battery to assess reflexes, motor behavior, learning/memory, social behavior, repetitive movement, and common ASD comorbidities (obsessive compulsion, depression, and anxiety). Given the strong sex bias observed in the ASD patient population, we tested both a male and female cohort of animals and compared differences between genotypes and sexes. HET mice were significantly smaller than WT littermates starting at postnatal day 10 through young adulthood which was correlated with smaller brain size (i.e., microcephaly). This was more severe in males than females. HET male neonates also had delayed eye opening and significantly weaker reflexes than WT littermates. In young adults, significant differences between genotypes relative to anxiety, depression, fear, and extinction learning were observed. Interestingly, several sexually dimorphic differences were noted including increased repetitive grooming behavior in HET females and an increased latency to hot plate response in HET females versus a decreased latency in HET males. LAY SUMMARY: Lysine methyl transferase 5B (KMT5B) has been recently highlighted as a risk gene in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), specifically, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID); yet its role in the brain is not known. Our study indicates that mice lacking one genomic copy of Kmt5b show deficits in neonatal reflexes, sociability, repetitive stress-induced grooming, changes in thermal pain sensing, decreased depression and anxiety, increased fear, slower extinction learning, and lower body weight, length, and brain size. Furthermore, several outcomes differed by sex, perhaps mirroring the sex bias in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle N Wickramasekara
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Brynn Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jason Hulen
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jodi Hallgren
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Holly A F Stessman
- Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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8
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Corvalan AZ, Coller HA. Methylation of histone 4's lysine 20: a critical analysis of the state of the field. Physiol Genomics 2020; 53:22-32. [PMID: 33197229 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00128.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin is a highly dynamic structure whose plasticity is achieved through multiple processes including the posttranslational modification of histone tails. Histone modifications function through the recruitment of nonhistone proteins to chromatin and thus have the potential to influence many fundamental biological processes. Here, we focus on the function and regulation of lysine 20 of histone H4 (H4K20) methylation in multiple biological processes including DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and DNA replication. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent studies that elucidate the functions associated with each of the methylation states of H4K20, their modifying enzymes, and their protein readers. Based on our current knowledge of H4K20 methylation, we critically analyze the data supporting these functions and outline questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Z Corvalan
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hilary A Coller
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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9
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Zheng R, Liang D, Jiang N, Zhou J, Long X, Wang X, Wu M, Wu C, Bao J. Computer-aided screening for suppressor of variegation 4-20 homolog 1 inhibitors and their preliminary activity validation in human osteosarcoma. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:526-537. [PMID: 31902296 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1711187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Histone methylation/demethylation facilitate to maintain balanced histone methylation levels and underpin gene regulation, playing the key roles in epigenetic regulation. Suppressor of variegation 4-20 homolog 1 (SUV420H1), a member of class Histone Lysine Methyltransferase and a key enzyme in the epigenetic regulation of the pathways controlling metabolism and tumorigenesis, is crucial to maintain cell homeostasis. The inhibition of SUV420H1 has emerged as a promising candidate for drug development and cancer therapy. Herein, two potential and potent SUV420H1 inhibitors (ZINC08398384, ZINC08439608) were identified through in silico approach and in vitro biological experiments. In vitro biological tests demonstrated that these compounds can inhibit the proliferation of U2OS cells and restrict its migration ability. And the level of dimethylation of lysine 20 on histone H4 (H4K20me2) was markedly decreased by these compounds-treatment in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that ZINC08398384 and ZINC08439608 are potential SUV420H1 inhibitors and could be developed as promising drug candidates applied to cancer epigenetic therapy.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Danfeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Long
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miaomiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuangfang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinku Bao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Regulation of Oncogenic Targets by miR-99a-3p (Passenger Strand of miR-99a-Duplex) in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121535. [PMID: 31795200 PMCID: PMC6953126 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify novel oncogenic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), we have analyzed antitumor microRNAs (miRNAs) and their controlled molecular networks in HNSCC cells. Based on our miRNA signature in HNSCC, both strands of the miR-99a-duplex (miR-99a-5p: the guide strand, and miR-99a-3p: the passenger strand) are downregulated in cancer tissues. Moreover, low expression of miR-99a-5p and miR-99a-3p significantly predicts poor prognosis in HNSCC, and these miRNAs regulate cancer cell migration and invasion. We previously showed that passenger strands of miRNAs have antitumor functions. Here, we screened miR-99a-3p-controlled oncogenes involved in HNSCC pathogenesis. Thirty-two genes were identified as miR-99a-3p-regulated genes, and 10 genes (STAMBP, TIMP4, TMEM14C, CANX, SUV420H1, HSP90B1, PDIA3, MTHFD2, BCAT1, and SLC22A15) significantly predicted 5-year overall survival. Notably, among these genes, STAMBP, TIMP4, TMEM14C, CANX, and SUV420H1 were independent prognostic markers of HNSCC by multivariate analyses. We further investigated the oncogenic function of STAMBP in HNSCC cells using knockdown assays. Our data demonstrated that the aggressiveness of phenotypes in HNSCC cells was attenuated by siSTAMBP transfection. Moreover, aberrant STAMBP expression was detected in HNSCC clinical specimens by immunohistochemistry. This strategy may contribute to the clarification of the molecular pathogenesis of this disease.
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11
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Sundaram MK, Unni S, Somvanshi P, Bhardwaj T, Mandal RK, Hussain A, Haque S. Genistein Modulates Signaling Pathways and Targets Several Epigenetic Markers in HeLa Cells. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E955. [PMID: 31766427 PMCID: PMC6947182 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several epigenetic changes are responsible for transcriptional alterations of signaling pathways and tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) contributing to carcinogenesis. This study was aimed to examine the effect of the phytochemical, genistein on various molecular targets in HeLa cells. METHODS Quantitative PCR was used to analyze the expression of various molecular targets. Biochemical assays were employed to study the epigenetic enzymes. To correlate the transcriptional status of the selected TSGs and epigenetic modulation, their promoter 5'CpG methylation levels were evaluated by quantitative methylation array followed by methylation specific restriction digestion. RESULTS The expression of several genes involved in the cell cycle regulation, migration, inflammation, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen activated kinase-like protein (MAPK) pathway were found to be modulated including CCNB1, TWIST1, MMP14, TERT, AKT1, PTPRR, FOS and IL1A. Genistein modulated the expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), histone deacetylases (HDACs), histone methyltransferases (HMTs), demethylases, and histone phosphorylases. Furthermore, genistein decreased the activity of DNMTs, HDACs, and HMTs and reduced global DNA methylation levels. Promoter methylation of several TSGs, including FHIT, RUNX3, CDH1, PTEN, and SOC51, was lowered with corresponding transcriptional increase. Network analysis indicated similar effect of genistein. CONCLUSION This study presents a comprehensive mechanism of action of genistein showcasing effective epigenetic modulation and widespread transcriptional changes resulting in restoration of tumour suppressor gene expression. This study corroborates the development of genistein as a candidate for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sreepoorna Unni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, P.O. Box 19282 Dubai, UAE;
| | - Pallavi Somvanshi
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi-110070, India; (P.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Tulika Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced Studies, 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi-110070, India; (P.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Raju K. Mandal
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan-45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arif Hussain
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, P.O. Box 345050 Dubai, UAE;
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan-45142, Saudi Arabia;
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12
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A Novel Tanshinone Analog Exerts Anti-Cancer Effects in Prostate Cancer by Inducing Cell Apoptosis, Arresting Cell Cycle at G2 Phase and Blocking Metastatic Ability. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184459. [PMID: 31510010 PMCID: PMC6770861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), an epithelial malignant tumor, is the second common cause of cancer death among males in western countries. Thus, the development of new strategies is urgently needed. Tanshinones isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza and its synthetic analogs show various biological activities including anticancer effects. Among them, the tanshinone analog 2-((Glycine methyl ester)methyl)-naphtho (TC7) is the most effective, with better selectivity and lower toxicity. Therefore, in this work, the effect of TC7 against PCa was investigated through assessing the molecular mechanisms regulating the growth, metastasis, and invasion of PCa cells. Human PCa cells, PC3 and LNCAP, were used to evaluate TC7 mechanisms of action in vitro, while male BALB/c nude mice were used for in vivo experiments by subjecting each mouse to a subcutaneous injection of PC3 cells into the right flank to evaluate TC7 effects on tumor volume. Our in vitro results showed that TC7 inhibited cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle at G2/M through the regulation of cyclin b1, p53, GADD45A, PLK1, and CDC2/cyclin b1. In addition, TC7 induced cell apoptosis by regulating apoptosis-associated genes such as p53, ERK1, BAX, p38, BCL-2, caspase-8, cleaved-caspase-8, PARP1, and the phosphorylation level of ERK1 and p38. Furthermore, it decreased DNA synthesis and inhibited the migration and invasion ability by regulating VEGF-1 and MMP-9 protein expression. Our in vivo evidence supports the conclusion that TC7 could be considered as a potential promising chemotherapeutic candidate in the treatment of PCa.
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Bröhm A, Elsawy H, Rathert P, Kudithipudi S, Schoch T, Schuhmacher MK, Weirich S, Jeltsch A. Somatic Cancer Mutations in the SUV420H1 Protein Lysine Methyltransferase Modulate Its Catalytic Activity. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:3068-3080. [PMID: 31255706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
SUV420H1 is a protein lysine methyltransferase that introduces di- and trimethylation of H4K20 and is frequently mutated in human cancers. We investigated the functional effects of eight somatic cancer mutations on SUV420H1 activity in vitro and in cells. One group of mutations (S255F, K258E, A269V) caused a reduction of the catalytic activity on peptide and nucleosome substrates. The mutated amino acids have putative roles in AdoMet binding and recognition of H4 residue D24. Group 2 mutations (E238V, D249N, E320K) caused a reduction of activity on peptide substrates, which was partially recovered when using nucleosomal substrates. The corresponding residues could have direct or indirect roles in peptide and AdoMet binding, but the effects of the mutations can be overcome by additional interactions between SUV420H1 and the nucleosome substrate. The third group of mutations (S283L, S304Y) showed enhanced activity with peptide substrates when compared with nucleosomal substrates, suggesting that these residues are involved in nucleosomal interaction or allosteric activation of SUV420H1 after nucleosome binding. Group 2 and 3 mutants highlight the role of nucleosomal contacts for SUV420H1 regulation in agreement with the high activity of this enzyme on nucleosomal substrates. Strikingly, seven of the somatic cancer mutations studied here led to a reduction of the catalytic activity of SUV420H1 in cells, suggesting that SUV420H1 activity might have a tumor suppressive function. This could be explained by the role of H4K20me2/3 in DNA repair, suggesting that loss or reduction of SUV420H1 activity could contribute to a mutator phenotype in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bröhm
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, Stuttgart University, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hany Elsawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, El-Gharbia, Egypt
| | - Philipp Rathert
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, Stuttgart University, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Srikanth Kudithipudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, Stuttgart University, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tabea Schoch
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, Stuttgart University, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Maren Kirstin Schuhmacher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, Stuttgart University, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sara Weirich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, Stuttgart University, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Albert Jeltsch
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, Stuttgart University, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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14
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Novel pathogenic variants and multiple molecular diagnoses in neurodevelopmental disorders. J Neurodev Disord 2019; 11:11. [PMID: 31238879 PMCID: PMC6593513 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-019-9270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rare denovo variants represent a significant cause of neurodevelopmental delay and intellectual disability (ID). Methods Exome sequencing was performed on 4351 patients with global developmental delay, seizures, microcephaly, macrocephaly, motor delay, delayed speech and language development, or ID according to Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms. All patients had previously undergone whole exome sequencing as part of diagnostic genetic testing with a focus on variants in genes implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders up to January 2017. This resulted in a genetic diagnosis in 1336 of the patients. In this study, we specifically searched for variants in 14 recently implicated novel neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) genes. Results We identified 65 rare, protein-changing variants in 11 of these 14 novel candidate genes. Fourteen variants in CDK13, CHD4, KCNQ3, KMT5B, TCF20, and ZBTB18 were scored pathogenic or likely pathogenic. Of note, two of these patients had a previously identified cause of their disease, and thus, multiple molecular diagnoses were made including pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in FOXG1 and CDK13 or in TMEM237 and KMT5B. Conclusions Looking for pathogenic variants in newly identified NDD genes enabled us to provide a molecular diagnosis to 14 patients and their close relatives and caregivers. This underlines the relevance of re-evaluation of existing exome data on a regular basis to improve the diagnostic yield and serve the needs of our patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11689-019-9270-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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15
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Singh PK. Histone methyl transferases: A class of epigenetic opportunities to counter uncontrolled cell proliferation. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:351-368. [PMID: 30735901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With each newly disclosed resistance mechanism, management of cancer with previously established targets have become a "failure" oriented approach. Molecular targets such as kinases did initially provide a ray of hope against cancer but with decades of struggle between novel therapeutic agents and more sophisticated resistance mechanisms, they seem to have saturated as anti-cancer targets. Now, with more exhaustive molecular recognition techniques and approaches, epigenetic targets have accessed the centre stage as anti-cancer targets. Accordingly, several classes of epigenetic enzymes are being studied for this role and histone methyltransferases form one such class. They include a class of epigenetic enzymes which transfer methyl group from histone proteins and maintain genetic homeostasis. In cancer, several reports have deduced upregulation of different members of this family according to the tumor environment, establishing them as one of the novel anti-cancer targets. This compilation provides an updated information on several members of histone methyltransferases family as epigenetic targets for developing novel anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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16
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Orouji E, Utikal J. Tackling malignant melanoma epigenetically: histone lysine methylation. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:145. [PMID: 30466474 PMCID: PMC6249913 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational histone modifications such as acetylation and methylation can affect gene expression. Histone acetylation is commonly associated with activation of gene expression whereas histone methylation is linked to either activation or repression of gene expression. Depending on the site of histone modification, several histone marks can be present throughout the genome. A combination of these histone marks can shape global chromatin architecture, and changes in patterns of marks can affect the transcriptomic landscape. Alterations in several histone marks are associated with different types of cancers, and these alterations are distinct from marks found in original normal tissues. Therefore, it is hypothesized that patterns of histone marks can change during the process of tumorigenesis. This review focuses on histone methylation changes (both removal and addition of methyl groups) in malignant melanoma, a deadly skin cancer, and the implications of specific inhibitors of these modifications as a combinatorial therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Orouji
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Rd. South Campus Research Building 4, Houston, TX, 77054, USA. .,Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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17
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Biray Avci C, Goker Bagca B, Tetik Vardarli A, Saydam G, Gunduz C. Epigenetic modifications in chronic myeloid leukemia cells through ruxolitinib treatment. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4555-4563. [PMID: 30260022 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia is a clonal malignancy of hematopoietic stem cell that is characterized by the occurrence of t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation, named Philadelphia chromosome. Ruxolitinib is a powerful Janus tyrosine kinase 1 and 2 inhibitor that is used for myelofibrosis treatment. DNA-histone connection mediates a wide range of genes that code methylation, demethylation, acetylation, deacetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation enzymes. Epigenetic modifications regulate chromatin compactness, which plays pivotal roles in critical biological processes including the transcriptional activity and cell proliferation as well as various pathological mechanisms, including CML. This study is aimed to determine the alterations of the expression levels of epigenetic modification-related genes after ruxolitinib treatment. Total RNA was isolated from K-562 cells treated with the IC50 value of ruxolitinib and untreated K-562 control cells. A reverse transcription procedure was performed for complementary DNA synthesis, and gene expressions were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction compared with the untreated cells. Ruxolitinib treatment caused a significant alteration in the expression levels of epigenetic regulation-related genes in K-562 cells. Our novel results suggested that ruxolitinib has inhibitor effects on epigenetic modification-regulator genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigir Biray Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bakiye Goker Bagca
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Asli Tetik Vardarli
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Guray Saydam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Haematology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Gunduz
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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18
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Vougiouklakis T, Saloura V, Park JH, Takamatsu N, Miyamoto T, Nakamura Y, Matsuo Y. Development of novel SUV39H2 inhibitors that exhibit growth suppressive effects in mouse xenograft models and regulate the phosphorylation of H2AX. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31820-31831. [PMID: 30159125 PMCID: PMC6112750 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein methyltransferase SUV39H2 was reported to methylate histone H2AX at lysine 134 and enhance the formation of phosphorylated H2AX (γ-H2AX), which causes chemoresistance of cancer cells. We found that a series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compounds that we synthesized could inhibit SUV39H2 methyltransferase activity. One of the potent compounds, OTS193320, was further analyzed in in vitro studies. The compound decreased global histone H3 lysine 9 tri-methylation levels in breast cancer cells and triggered apoptotic cell death. Combination of OTS193320 with doxorubicin (DOX) resulted in reduction of γ-H2AX levels as well as cancer cell viability compared to a single agent OTS193320 or DOX. Further optimization of inhibitors and their in vivo analysis identified a compound, OTS186935, which revealed significant inhibition of tumor growth in mouse xenograft models using MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and A549 lung cancer cells without any detectable toxicity. Our results suggest that the SUV39H2 inhibitors sensitize cancer cells to DOX by reduction of γ-H2AX levels in cancer cells, and collectively demonstrate that SUV39H2 inhibition warrants further investigation as a novel anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Vougiouklakis
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vassiliki Saloura
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jae-Hyun Park
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yo Matsuo
- OncoTherapy Science Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
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19
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Liu M, Nie M, Wang Y, Deng Y, Yao B, Gui T, Li X, Ma L, Guo C, Ma C, Ju J, Zhao Q. Suv4-20h1 promotes G1 to S phase transition by downregulating p21 WAF1/CIP1 expression in chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6123-6130. [PMID: 29616094 PMCID: PMC5876467 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20) has been associated with cancer. However, the functions of the histone methyltransferases that trigger histone H4K20 methylation in cancers, including suppressor of variegation 4–20 homolog 1 (Suv4-20h1), remain elusive. In the present study, it was demonstrated that the knockdown of the histone H4K20 methyltransferase Suv4-20h1 resulted in growth inhibition in chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. Disruption of Suv4-20h1 expression induced G1 arrest in the cell cycle and increased expression levels of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21WAF1/CIP1), an essential cell cycle protein involved in checkpoint regulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that Suv4-20h1 directly binds to the promoter of the p21 gene and that methylation of histone H4K20 correlates with repression of p21 expression. Thus, these data suggest that Suv4-20h1 is important for the regulation of the cell cycle in K562 cells and may be a potential therapeutic target for leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China.,Anhui Research Institute for Family Planning, Anhui Research Center for Population and Birth Control, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P.R. China
| | - Yadong Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Min Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yexuan Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Bing Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Tao Gui
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Chan Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Chi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Ju
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Quan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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20
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Wu JY, Xiang S, Zhang M, Fang B, Huang H, Kwon OK, Zhao Y, Yang Z, Bai W, Bepler G, Zhang XM. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) deacetylates extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and thereby stimulates ERK1 activity. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:1976-1993. [PMID: 29259132 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.795955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a class IIb HDAC, plays an important role in many biological and pathological processes. Previously, we found that ERK1, a downstream kinase in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, phosphorylates HDAC6, thereby increasing HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of α-tubulin. However, whether HDAC6 reciprocally modulates ERK1 activity is unknown. Here, we report that both ERK1 and -2 are acetylated and that HDAC6 promotes ERK1 activity via deacetylation. Briefly, we found that both ERK1 and -2 physically interact with HDAC6. Endogenous ERK1/2 acetylation levels increased upon treatment with a pan-HDAC inhibitor, an HDAC6-specific inhibitor, or depletion of HDAC6, suggesting that HDAC6 deacetylates ERK1/2. We also noted that the acetyltransferases CREB-binding protein and p300 both can acetylate ERK1/2. Acetylated ERK1 exhibits reduced enzymatic activity toward the transcription factor ELK1, a well-known ERK1 substrate. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis indicated Lys-72 as an acetylation site in the ERK1 N terminus, adjacent to Lys-71, which binds to ATP, suggesting that acetylation status of Lys-72 may affect ERK1 ATP binding. Interestingly, an acetylation-mimicking ERK1 mutant (K72Q) exhibited less phosphorylation than the WT enzyme and a deacetylation-mimicking mutant (K72R). Of note, the K72Q mutant displayed decreased enzymatic activity in an in vitro kinase assay and in a cellular luciferase assay compared with the WT and K72R mutant. Taken together, our findings suggest that HDAC6 stimulates ERK1 activity. Along with our previous report that ERK1 promotes HDAC6 activity, we propose that HDAC6 and ERK1 may form a positive feed-forward loop, which might play a role in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jheng-Yu Wu
- From the Department of Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201.,the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Shengyan Xiang
- the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Mu Zhang
- From the Department of Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Bin Fang
- The Proteomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - He Huang
- the Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and
| | - Oh Kwang Kwon
- the Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and
| | - Yingming Zhao
- the Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, and
| | - Zhe Yang
- the Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Wenlong Bai
- the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Gerold Bepler
- From the Department of Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Xiaohong Mary Zhang
- From the Department of Oncology, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201,
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21
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Wang R, Deng X, Yoshioka Y, Vougiouklakis T, Park JH, Suzuki T, Dohmae N, Ueda K, Hamamoto R, Nakamura Y. Effects of SMYD2-mediated EML4-ALK methylation on the signaling pathway and growth in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1203-1209. [PMID: 28370702 PMCID: PMC5480063 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A specific subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) characterized with an EML4-ALK fusion gene, which drives constitutive oncogenic activation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), shows a good clinical response to ALK inhibitors. We have reported multiple examples implying the biological significance of methylation on non-histone proteins including oncogenic kinases in human carcinogenesis. Through the process to search substrates for various methyltransferases using an in vitro methyltransferase assay, we found that a lysine methyltransferase, SET and MYND domain-containing 2 (SMYD2), could methylate lysine residues 1451, 1455, and 1610 in ALK protein. Knockdown of SMYD2 as well as treatment with a SMYD2 inhibitor in two NSCLC cell lines with an EML4-ALK gene significantly attenuated the phosphorylation levels of the EML4-ALK protein. Substitutions of each of these three lysine residues to an alanine partially or almost completely diminished in vitro methylation of ALK. In addition, we found that exogenous introduction of EML4-ALK protein with the substitution of lysine 1610 to an alanine in these two cell lines reduced the phosphorylation levels of AKT, one of the downstream oncogenic molecules in the EML4-ALK pathway, and suppressed the growth of the two cell lines. We further showed that the combination of a SMYD2 inhibitor and an ALK inhibitor additively suppressed the growth of these two NSCLC cells, compared with single-agent treatment. Our results shed light on a novel mechanism that modulates the kinase activity of the ALK fused gene product and imply that SMYD2-mediated ALK methylation might be a promising target for development of a novel class of treatment for tumors with the ALK fused gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaolan Deng
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yuichiro Yoshioka
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Theodore Vougiouklakis
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jae-Hyun Park
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Koji Ueda
- Cancer Proteomics Group, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Division of Molecular Modification and Cancer Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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22
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23
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Morin-Doré L, Blondin P, Vigneault C, Grand FX, Labrecque R, Sirard MA. Transcriptomic evaluation of bovine blastocysts obtained from peri-pubertal oocyte donors. Theriogenology 2017; 93:111-123. [PMID: 28257859 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Assisted reproduction technologies (ART) and high selection pressure in the dairy industry are leading towards the use of younger females for reproduction, thereby reducing the interval between generations. This situation may have a negative impact on embryo quality, thus reducing the success rate of the procedures. This study aimed to document the effects of oocyte donor age on embryo quality, at the transcriptomic level, in order to characterize the effects of using young females for reproduction purpose. Young Holstein heifers (n = 10) were used at three different ages for ovarian stimulation protocols and oocyte collections (at 8, 11 and 14 months). All of the oocytes were fertilized in vitro with the semen of one adult bull, generating three lots of embryos per animal. Each animal was its own control for the evaluation of the effects of age. The EmbryoGENE platform was used for the assessment of gene expression patterns at the blastocyst stage. Embryos from animals at 8 vs 14 months and at 11 vs 14 months were used for microarray hybridization. Validation was done by performing RT-qPCR on seven candidate genes. Age-related contrast analysis (8 vs 14 mo and 11 vs 14 mo) identified 242 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the first contrast, and 296 for the second. The analysis of the molecular and biological functions of the DEGs suggests a metabolic cause to explain the differences that are observed between embryos from immature and adult subjects. The mTOR and PPAR signaling pathways, as well as the NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response pathways were among the gene expression pathways affected by donor age. In conclusion, the main differences between embryos produced at peri-pubertal ages are related to metabolic conditions resulting in a higher impact of in vitro conditions on blastocyts from younger heifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léonie Morin-Doré
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Marc-André Sirard
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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24
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Identification of TRA2B-DNAH5 fusion as a novel oncogenic driver in human lung squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Res 2016; 26:1149-1164. [PMID: 27670699 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2016.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the major subtypes of lung cancer. Our current knowledge of oncogenic drivers in this specific subtype of lung cancer is largely limited compared with lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). Through exon array analyses, molecular analyses and functional studies, we here identify the TRA2B-DNAH5 fusion as a novel oncogenic driver in lung SCC. We found that this gene fusion occurs exclusively in lung SCC (3.1%, 5/163), but not in lung ADC (0/119). Through mechanistic studies, we further revealed that this TRA2B-DNAH5 fusion promotes lung SCC malignant progression through regulating a SIRT6-ERK1/2-MMP1 signaling axis. We show that inhibition of ERK1/2 activation using selumetinib efficiently inhibits the growth of lung SCC with TRA2B-DNAH5 fusion expression. These findings improve our current knowledge of oncogenic drivers in lung SCC and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for lung SCC patients with TRA2B-DNAH5 fusion.
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Kudithipudi S, Jeltsch A. Approaches and Guidelines for the Identification of Novel Substrates of Protein Lysine Methyltransferases. Cell Chem Biol 2016; 23:1049-1055. [PMID: 27569752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein lysine methylation is emerging as a general post-translational modification (PTM) with essential functions regulating protein stability, activity, and protein-protein interactions. One of the outstanding challenges in this field is linking protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs) with specific substrates and lysine methylation events in a systematic manner. Inability to validate reported PKMT substrates delayed progress in the field and cast unnecessary doubt about protein lysine methylation as a truly general PTM. Here, we aim to provide a concise guide to help avoid some of the most common pitfalls in studies searching for new PKMT substrates and propose a set of seven basic biochemical rules: (1) include positive controls; (2) use target lysine mutations of substrate proteins as negative controls; (3) use inactive enzyme variants as negative controls; (4) report quantitative methylation data; (5) consider PKMT specificity; (6) validate methyl lysine antibodies; and (7) connect cellular and in vitro results. We explain the logic behind them and discuss how they should be implemented in the experimental work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Kudithipudi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Albert Jeltsch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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26
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Weirich S, Kudithipudi S, Jeltsch A. Specificity of the SUV4-20H1 and SUV4-20H2 protein lysine methyltransferases and methylation of novel substrates. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:2344-2358. [PMID: 27105552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The SUV4-20H1 and SUV4-20H2 enzymes methylate histone H4 at K20, and they have overlapping and distinct biological effects. Here, by in vitro methylation studies we confirmed that both the murine SUV4-20H enzymes strongly favor the monomethylated H4K20 peptide substrate. We also show that both enzymes only generate dimethylated H4K20 products. We determined the substrate sequence recognition motif of both enzymes using SPOT peptide arrays showing that SUV4-20H1 recognizes an (RY)-Kme1-(IVLM)-(LFI)-X-D sequence. In contrast, SUV4-20H2 shows less specificity and recognizes an X-Kme1-(IVLMK)-(LVFI)-X-(DEV) sequence, which is partially overlapping with SUV4-20H1 but has relaxed specificity at the -1 and +4 positions (if the target H4K20me1 is positon 0). Based on our data, we identify novel peptide substrates for SUV4-20H1 (K1423 of Zinc finger protein castor homolog 1) and SUV4-20H2 (K1423 of Zinc finger protein castor homolog 1, K215 of Protein Mis18-beta and K308 of Centromere protein U). All these lysine residues were already identified to be methylated in human cells, but the responsible PKMT was not known. In addition, we also tested the activity of SUV4-20H enzymes on ERK1, which was recently reported to be methylated by SUV4-20H1 at K302 and K361. However the sequences surrounding both methylation sites do not fit to the specificity profile of SUV4-20H1 and we could not detect methylation of ERK1 by any of the SUV4-20H enzymes. The possible reasons of this discrepancy and its consequences are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Weirich
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Srikanth Kudithipudi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Albert Jeltsch
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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