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Rajaraman S, Balakrishnan R, Deshmukh D, Ganorkar A, Biswas S, Pulya S, Ghosh B. HDAC8 as an emerging target in drug discovery with special emphasis on medicinal chemistry. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:885-908. [PMID: 37227732 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
HDAC8 catalyzes the deacetylation of both histones and nonhistone proteins. The abnormal expression of HDAC8 is associated with various pathological conditions causing cancer and other diseases like myopathies, Cornelia de Lange syndrome, renal fibrosis, and viral and parasitic infections. The substrates of HDAC8 are involved in diverse molecular mechanisms of cancer such as cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. Based on the crystal structures and the key residues at the active site, HDAC8 inhibitors have been designed along the canonical pharmacophore. This article details the importance, recent advancements, and the structural and functional aspects of HDAC8 with special emphasis on the medicinal chemistry aspect of HDAC8 inhibitors that will help in developing novel epigenetic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinidhi Rajaraman
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Ranjani Balakrishnan
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Dhruv Deshmukh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Abhiram Ganorkar
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Sravani Pulya
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamirpet, Hyderabad, 500078, India
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Wang J, Meng X, Chen K, Feng J. An autophagy-related four-lncRNA signature helps to predict progression-free survival of neuroblastoma patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1014845. [PMID: 36530992 PMCID: PMC9753905 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1014845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify autophagy-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with progression of neuroblastoma (NB), and to build an autophagy-related lncRNA signature that helps to predict progression-free survival (PFS) of NB. METHODS Three independent gene expression datasets were utilized in this study. Autophagy-related genes (ARG) associated with PFS of NB patients were firstly identified by univariate Cox survival analysis. lncRNAs correlated with those PFS-related ARGs were then identified. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to select out those lncRNAs with the best prognostic value for PFS. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Area Under Curve (AUC) analyses were performed to assess the prediction accuracy. RESULTS Four autophagy-related lncRNAs (AL356599.1, AC022075.1, AC020928.1 and LINC02076) were found to be with the best prognostic value and integrated into a four-lncRNA risk signature for predicting PFS of NB patients. The four-lncRNA signature significantly stratify NB patients into two risk groups, with high-risk group has significantly poorer PFS than the low-risk group. The prognostic role of the lncRNA signature was independent with other clinical risk factors. The ROC curves revealed that the lncRNA signature has a good performance in predicting PFS (AUC > 0.70). A nomogram based on COG (Children's Oncology Group) risk and the lncRNA risk score was constructed, showing good prediction accuracy (C-index = 0.700). The prognostic ability of the nomogram was better than that of COG risk alone (AUC = 0.790 versus AUC = 0.748). GSEA analyses revealed that multiple autophagy-related gene sets are significantly enriched in the low-risk group. CONCLUSIONS We identified an autophagy-related four-lncRNA signature that could help to predict the PFS of NB patients. Autophagy-related gene sets are significantly enriched in low-risk group, suggesting tumor suppressive roles of autophagy in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiexiong Feng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Zeng F, He J, Jin X, Liao Q, Chen Z, Peng H, Zhou Y. FRA-1: A key factor regulating signal transduction of tumor cells and a potential target molecule for tumor therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113037. [PMID: 35658206 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fos-related antigen-1 (FRA-1) is a member of activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor superfamily, and FRA-1 is highly expressed in colon cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, and other tumors. The expression level of FRA-1 is closely related to the processes of tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, transformation, migration, and invasion, which is a potential therapeutic target and prognostic factor for many tumors. Clarifying the detailed mechanism of action of FRA-1 could provide the theoretical basis for tumor diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and is of great significance for the study of tumor etiology and pathogenesis. In this paper, the expression levels and influencing factors of FRA-1 in various tumor tissues and cells are summarized, as well as the effect of FRA-1 expression level on the biological behavior of tumor cells and the signal transduction mechanism. At the same time, the signal transduction mechanism of FRA-1 in inflammation was expounded. In addition, the related metabolites, drugs and non-coding RNA that affect the expression and function of FRA-1 were summarized. Finally, it illustrates that FRA-1 may be taken as a key factor for tumor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target. This review provides a theoretical basis for the systematic understanding of the relationship between FRA-1 and tumors, its function, and possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Junyu He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xi Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Zhifang Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Honghua Peng
- Department of The Oncology, Third Xianya Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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4
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Allegra A, Casciaro M, Barone P, Musolino C, Gangemi S. Epigenetic Crosstalk between Malignant Plasma Cells and the Tumour Microenvironment in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112597. [PMID: 35681577 PMCID: PMC9179362 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In multiple myeloma, cells of the bone marrow microenvironment have a relevant responsibility in promoting the growth, survival, and drug resistance of multiple myeloma plasma cells. In addition to the well-recognized role of genetic lesions, microenvironmental cells also present deregulated epigenetic systems. However, the effect of epigenetic changes in reshaping the tumour microenvironment is still not well identified. An assortment of epigenetic regulators, comprising histone methyltransferases, histone acetyltransferases, and lysine demethylases, are altered in bone marrow microenvironmental cells in multiple myeloma subjects participating in disease progression and prognosis. Aberrant epigenetics affect numerous processes correlated with the tumour microenvironment, such as angiogenesis, bone homeostasis, and extracellular matrix remodelling. This review focuses on the interplay between epigenetic alterations of the tumour milieu and neoplastic cells, trying to decipher the crosstalk between these cells. We also evaluate the possibility of intervening specifically in modified signalling or counterbalancing epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.B.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Casciaro
- Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Paola Barone
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (P.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (M.C.); (S.G.)
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Abstract
In mammalian cells, genomic DNA is packaged with histone proteins and condensed into chromatin. To gain access to the DNA, chromatin remodelling is required that is enhanced through histone post-translational modifications, which subsequently stimulate processes including DNA repair and transcription. Histone acetylation is one of the most well understood modifications and is controlled by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). These enzymes play critical roles in normal cellular functioning, and the dysregulation of HDAC expression in particular has been linked with the development of a number of different cancer types. Conversely, tumour cell killing following radiotherapy is triggered through DNA damage and HDACs can help co-ordinate the cellular DNA damage response which promotes radioresistance. Consequently, HDAC inhibitors have been investigated as potential radiosensitizers in vitro and in vivo to improve the efficacy or radiotherapy in specific tumour types. In this review, we provide an up-to-date summary of HDACs and their cellular functions, including in DNA damage repair. We also review evidence demonstrating that HDAC inhibitors can effectively enhance tumour radiosensitisation, and which therefore show potential for translation into the clinic for cancer patient benefit.
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Fan F, Podar K. The Role of AP-1 Transcription Factors in Plasma Cell Biology and Multiple Myeloma Pathophysiology. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2326. [PMID: 34066181 PMCID: PMC8151277 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factors (TFs), comprised of the JUN, FOS, ATF and MAF multigene families, are implicated in a plethora of physiologic processes and tumorigenesis including plasma cell differentiation and MM pathogenesis. Depending on the genetic background, the tumor stage, and cues of the tumor microenvironment, specific dimeric AP-1 complexes are formed. For example, AP-1 complexes containing Fra-1, Fra-2 and B-ATF play central roles in the transcriptional control of B cell development and plasma cell differentiation, while dysregulation of AP-1 family members c-Maf, c-Jun, and JunB is associated with MM cell proliferation, survival, drug resistance, bone marrow angiogenesis, and bone disease. The present review article summarizes our up-to-date knowledge on the role of AP-1 family members in plasma cell differentiation and MM pathophysiology. Moreover, it discusses novel, rationally derived approaches to therapeutically target AP-1 TFs, including protein-protein and protein-DNA binding inhibitors, epigenetic modifiers and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Fan
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jiefang Avenue 1277, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Klaus Podar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Krems, Mitterweg 10, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Molecular Oncology and Hematology Unit, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Strasse 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
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7
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DNA or Protein Methylation-Dependent Regulation of Activator Protein-1 Function. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020461. [PMID: 33670008 PMCID: PMC7926996 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation and modification govern the transcriptional mechanisms that promote disease initiation and progression, but can also control the oncogenic processes, cell signaling networks, immunogenicity, and immune cells involved in anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor responses. The study of epigenetic mechanisms could have important implications for the development of potential anti-inflammatory treatments and anti-cancer immunotherapies. In this review, we have described the key role of epigenetic progression: DNA methylation, histone methylation or modification, and protein methylation, with an emphasis on the activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling pathway. Transcription factor AP-1 regulates multiple genes and is involved in diverse cellular processes, including survival, differentiation, apoptosis, and development. Here, the AP-1 regulatory mechanism by DNA, histone, or protein methylation was also reviewed. Various methyltransferases activate or suppress AP-1 activities in diverse ways. We summarize the current studies on epigenetic alterations, which regulate AP-1 signaling during inflammation, cancer, and autoimmune diseases, and discuss the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the regulation of AP-1 signaling.
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Bahmad HF, Elajami MK, El Zarif T, Bou-Gharios J, Abou-Antoun T, Abou-Kheir W. Drug repurposing towards targeting cancer stem cells in pediatric brain tumors. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:127-148. [PMID: 31919619 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09840-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the pediatric population, brain tumors represent the most commonly diagnosed solid neoplasms and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. They include low-grade gliomas (LGGs), medulloblastomas (MBs), and other embryonal, ependymal, and neuroectodermal tumors. The mainstay of treatment for most brain tumors includes surgical intervention, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. However, resistance to conventional therapy is widespread, which contributes to the high mortality rates reported and lack of improvement in patient survival despite advancement in therapeutic research. This has been attributed to the presence of a subpopulation of cells, known as cancer stem cells (CSCs), which reside within the tumor bulk and maintain self-renewal and recurrence potential of the tumor. An emerging promising approach that enables identifying novel therapeutic strategies to target CSCs and overcome therapy resistance is drug repurposing or repositioning. This is based on using previously approved drugs with known pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics for indications other than their traditional ones, like cancer. In this review, we provide a synopsis of the drug repurposing methodologies that have been used in pediatric brain tumors, and we argue how this selective compilation of approaches, with a focus on CSC targeting, could elevate drug repurposing to the next level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham F Bahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad K Elajami
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Talal El Zarif
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jolie Bou-Gharios
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Tamara Abou-Antoun
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos Campus, CHSC 6101, Byblos, Lebanon.
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street, DTS Bldg, Room 116-B, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Zhang M, Liang L, He J, He Z, Yue C, Jin X, Gao M, Xiao S, Zhou Y. Fra-1 Inhibits Cell Growth and the Warburg Effect in Cervical Cancer Cells via STAT1 Regulation of the p53 Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:579629. [PMID: 33102485 PMCID: PMC7554318 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.579629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenesis of cervical cancer is a multi-factor and multi-step process, and major risk factors include oncogene activation with tumor suppressor gene inactivation, viral factors, and immune factors. For example, the human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to the occurrence of cervical cancer. At present, the pathogenesis of cervical cancer remains unclear. Fra-1 (Fos-related antigen 1, also known as FOSL1) is a member of the Fos family and an important nuclear transcription factor that regulates normal cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. In the present study, we found that Fra-1 inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer cells while also promoting apoptosis and affecting cell cycle distribution. Moreover, Fra-1 up-regulated STAT1 expression and modulated p53 signal pathway activity in cervical cancer cells. Overexpression of Fra-1 inhibited cell senescence by altering sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression in HeLa cells, and Fra-1 overexpression restored mitochondrial disorder and suppressed metabolic reprogramming in HeLa cells. Silencing of STAT1 impaired the inhibitory effect of Fra-1 on cervical cancer cell growth, while knock-down of STAT1 reversed the effect on cell senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by Fra-1 in HeLa cells. Silencing of STAT1 also recovered metabolic reprogramming in cervical cancer cells. In summary, our results show that Fra-1 inhibited cervical cancer cell growth and the Warburg effect via STAT1-mediated regulation of the p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manying Zhang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Liang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junyu He
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengxi He
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunxue Yue
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengxiang Gao
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songshu Xiao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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Afaloniati H, Angelopoulou K, Giakoustidis A, Hardas A, Pseftogas A, Makedou K, Gargavanis A, Goulopoulos T, Iliadis S, Papadopoulos V, Papalois A, Mosialos G, Poutahidis T, Giakoustidis D. HDAC1/2 Inhibitor Romidepsin Suppresses DEN-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis in Mice. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5575-5588. [PMID: 32606772 PMCID: PMC7304783 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequently diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its rapid progression, combined with the limited treatment options at late stages, imposes the need for early detection and aggressive intervention. Based on the knowledge that hepatocarcinogenesis is significantly influenced by histone acetylation, we directed our search for novel HCC therapeutics among histone deacetylation inhibitors (HDACi). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of HDAC1/2 inhibitor Romidepsin in the well-established mouse model of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC. Materials and Methods C56BL/6 mice were treated with Romidepsin at the critical point of 10 months after DEN challenge and their livers were examined 2 months later using histopathology and morphometry. Protein levels were assessed in serum using ELISA and in liver tissues using Western blot and immunohistochemistry (in-situ detection). Gene expression was quantified using real-time PCR. Results Romidepsin suppressed cancer progression. This effect was associated with decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of cancer cells. The cell cycle regulator CK2a, the anti-inflammatory molecule PPAR-γ, and the tumor suppressors PTEN and CYLD were upregulated in treated HCC. By contrast, the expression of PI3K, NF-κB p65 and c-Jun was reduced. In line with this result, the levels of two major apoptosis regulators, ie, BAD and the multifunctional protein c-Met, were lower in the blood serum of treated mice compared to the untreated mice with HCC. Conclusion These findings suggest that Romidepsin, a drug currently used in the treatment of lymphoma, could also be considered in the management of early-stage HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hara Afaloniati
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Angelopoulou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexander Giakoustidis
- First Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Hardas
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Pseftogas
- School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kali Makedou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Gargavanis
- First Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Goulopoulos
- First Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Iliadis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasileios Papadopoulos
- First Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Apostolos Papalois
- Experimental, Educational and Research Center, ELPEN, Pikermi, Attica, Greece
| | - George Mosialos
- School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theofilos Poutahidis
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Giakoustidis
- First Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Thessaloniki, Greece
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11
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Kito H, Morihiro H, Sakakibara Y, Endo K, Kajikuri J, Suzuki T, Ohya S. Downregulation of the Ca 2+-activated K + channel K Ca3.1 in mouse preosteoblast cells treated with vitamin D receptor agonist. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C345-C358. [PMID: 32520608 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00587.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The maturity of osteoblasts by proliferation and differentiation in preosteoblasts is essential for maintaining bone homeostasis. The beneficial effects of vitamin D on bone homeostasis in mammals have been demonstrated experimentally and clinically. However, the direct actions of vitamin D on preosteoblasts remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we found that the functional activity of intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (KCa3.1) positively regulated cell proliferation in MC3T3-E1 cells derived from mouse preosteoblasts by enhancing intracellular Ca2+ signaling. We examined the effects of treatment with vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonist on the expression and activity of KCa3.1 by real-time PCR examination, Western blotting, Ca2+ imaging, and patch clamp analyses in mouse MC3T3-E1 cells. Following the downregulation of KCa3.1 transcriptional modulators such as Fra-1 and HDAC2, KCa3.1 activity was suppressed in MC3T3-E1 cells treated with VDR agonists. Furthermore, application of the KCa3.1 activator DCEBIO attenuated the VDR agonist-evoked suppression of cell proliferation rate. These findings suggest that a decrease in KCa3.1 activity is involved in the suppression of cell proliferation rate in VDR agonist-treated preosteoblasts. Therefore, KCa3.1 plays an important role in bone formation by promoting osteoblastic proliferation under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruka Morihiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Sakakibara
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Endo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junko Kajikuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Department of Complex Molecular Chemistry, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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12
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Wang Y, Xia Y, Hu K, Zeng M, Zhi C, Lai M, Wu L, Liu S, Zeng S, Huang Z, Ma S, Yuan Z. MKK7 transcription positively or negatively regulated by SP1 and KLF5 depends on HDAC4 activity in glioma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:2496-2508. [PMID: 30963560 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
JNK activity has been implicated in the malignant proliferation, invasion and drug-resistance of glioma cells (GCs), but the molecular mechanisms underlying JNK activation are currently unknown. Here, we reported that MKK7, not MKK4, directly activates JNK in GCs and exerts oncogenic effects on tumor formation. Notably, MKK7 expression in glioma tissues was closely correlated with the grade of the glioma and JNK/c-Jun activation. Mechanistically, MKK7 transcription critically depends on the complexes formed by HDAC4 and the transcriptional factors SP1 and Krüppel-like factor-5 (KLF5), wherein HDAC4 directly deacetylates both SP1 and KLF5 and synergistically upregulates MKK7 transcription through two SP1 sites located on its promoter. In contrast, the increases in acetylated-SP1 and acetylated-KLF5 after HDAC4 inhibition switched to transcriptionally suppress MKK7. Selective inhibition of HDAC4 by LMK235, siRNAs or blockage of SP1 and KLF5 by the ectopic dominant-negative SP1 greatly reduced the malignant capacity of GCs. Furthermore, suppression of both MKK7 expression and JNK/c-Jun activities was involved in the tumor-growth inhibitory effects induced by LMK235 in U87-xenograft mice. Interestingly, HDAC4 is highly expressed in glioma tissues, and the rate of HDAC4 nuclear import is closely correlated with glioma grade, as well as with MKK7 expression. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that highly expressed MKK7 contributes to JNK/c-Jun signaling-mediated glioma formation. MKK7 transcription, regulated by SP1 and KLF5, critically depends on HDAC4 activity, and inhibition of HDAC4 presents a potential strategy for suppressing the oncogenic roles of MKK7/JNK/c-Jun signaling in GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yezhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunhua Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minling Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhi
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaoling Lai
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulian Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Wu L, Zeng S, Cao Y, Huang Z, Liu S, Peng H, Zhi C, Ma S, Hu K, Yuan Z. Inhibition of HDAC4 Attenuated JNK/c-Jun-Dependent Neuronal Apoptosis and Early Brain Injury Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Transcriptionally Suppressing MKK7. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:468. [PMID: 31708743 PMCID: PMC6823346 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun cascade-dependent neuronal apoptosis has been identified as a central element for early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but the molecular mechanisms underlying this process are still thoroughly undefined to date. In this study, we found that pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition by TSA, SAHA, VPA, and M344 led to a remarkable decrease in the phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun, concomitant with a significant abrogation of apoptosis caused by potassium deprivation in cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Further investigation showed that these effects resulted from HDAC inhibition-induced transcriptional suppression of MKK7, a well-known upstream kinase of JNK. Using small interference RNAs (siRNAs) to silence the respective HDAC members, HDAC4 was screened to be required for MKK7 transcription and JNK/c-Jun activation. LMK235, a specific HDAC4 inhibitor, dose-dependently suppressed MKK7 transcription and JNK/c-Jun activity. Functionally, HDAC4 inhibition via knockdown or LMK235 significantly rescued CGN apoptosis induced by potassium deprivation. Moreover, administration of LMK235 remarkably ameliorated the EBI process in SAH rats, associated with an obvious reduction in MKK7 transcription, JNK/c-Jun activity, and neuronal apoptosis. Collectively, the findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of neuronal apoptosis regarding HDAC4 in the selective regulation of MKK7 transcription and JNK/c-Jun activity. HDAC4 inhibition could be a potential alternative to prevent MKK7/JNK/c-Jun axis-mediated nervous disorders, including SAH-caused EBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulian Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaidong Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhi
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunhua Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Expression and function of FRA1 protein in tumors. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:737-752. [PMID: 31612408 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AP-1 is a dimeric complex that is composed of JUN, FOS, ATF and MAF protein families. FOS-related antigen 1 (FRA1) which encoded by FOSL1 gene, belongs to the FOS protein family, and mainly forms an AP-1 complex with the protein of the JUN family to exert an effect. Regulation of FRA1 occurs at levels of transcription and post-translational modification, and phosphorylation is the major post-translational modification. FRA1 is mainly regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway and is degraded by ubiquitin-independent proteasomes. FRA1 can affect biological functions, such as tumor proliferation, differentiation, invasion and apoptosis. Studies have demonstrated that FRA1 is abnormally expressed in many tumors and plays a relevant role, but the specific condition varies from the target organs. FRA1 is overexpressed in breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, thyroid cancer and other tumors. However, the expression of FRA1 is decreased in cervical cancer, and the expression of FRA1 in ovarian cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma is still controversial. In this review, we present a detailed description of the regulatory factors and functions of FRA1, also, the expression of FRA1 in various tumors and its function in relative tumor.
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15
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Huang Z, Xia Y, Hu K, Zeng S, Wu L, Liu S, Zhi C, Lai M, Chen D, Xie L, Yuan Z. Histone deacetylase 6 promotes growth of glioblastoma through the MKK7/JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway. J Neurochem 2019; 152:221-234. [PMID: 31390677 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) activity contributes to the malignant proliferation, invasion, and migration of glioma cells (GCs), but the molecular mechanisms underlying the processes remains elusive. Here, we reported that HDAC6 inhibition by Ricolinostat (ACY-1215) or CAY10603 led to a remarkable decrease in the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun, which preceded its suppressive effects on glioma cell growth. Further investigation showed that these effects resulted from HDAC6 inhibitor-induced suppression of MAPK kinase 7 (MKK7), which was identified to be critical for JNK activation and exerts the oncogenic roles in GCs. Selectively silencing HDAC6 by siRNAs had the same responses, whereas transient transfections expressing HDAC6 promoted MKK7 expression. Interestingly, by performing Q-PCR, HDAC6 inhibition did not cause a down-regulation of MKK7 mRNA level, whereas the suppressive effects on MKK7 protein can be efficiently blocked by the proteasomal inhibitor MG132. As a further test, elevating MKK7-JNK activity was sufficient to rescue HDAC6 inhibitor-mediated-suppressive effects on c-Jun activation and the malignant features. The suppression of both MKK7 expression and JNK/c-Jun activities was involved in the tumor-growth inhibitory effects induced by CAY10603 in U87-xenograft mice. Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of glioma malignancy regarding HDAC6 in the selective regulation of MKK7 expression and JNK/c-Jun activity. MKK7 protein stability critically depends on HDAC6 activity, and inhibition of HDAC6 probably presents a potential strategy for suppressing the oncogenic roles of MKK7/JNK/c-Jun axis in GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunhua Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shulian Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhi
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaoling Lai
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danmin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longchang Xie
- Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurosurgical Disease Research Centre, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Xiao T, Zhou Y, Li H, Xiong L, Wang J, Wang ZH, Liu LH. MiR-125b suppresses the carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma cells via the MAPK-STAT3 pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:2616-2626. [PMID: 30277613 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The microRNA (miRNA) miR-125b is abnormally expressed in many different types of tumors, including osteosarcoma (OS). How aberrantly expressed miR-125b participates in regulating the initiation and progression of OS is still poorly understood. In the current study, we found that in OS, miR-125b can suppress the expression of MAP kinase kinase 7 (MKK7), which can dephosphorylate and inactivate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). We also identified an elevated expression level of MKK7 in OS and an association between MKK7 expression and poor prognosis. Further, miR-125b inhibited OS cell proliferation and invasion by targeting and downregulating MKK7 in vitro and suppressed tumor formation in vivo. Moreover, using Western blot analysis, we preliminarily proved that the activation (phosphorylation) of STAT3 was regulated by MKK7 at the epigenetic level. MKK7 was overexpressed in OS and associated with poor clinical results. The miR-125b-MAPK-STAT3 axis may be one of the mechanisms of OS oncogenesis and a potential target for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
| | - Li-Hong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Saitoh Y, Bureta C, Sasaki H, Nagano S, Maeda S, Furukawa T, Taniguchi N, Setoguchi T. The histone deacetylase inhibitor LBH589 inhibits undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma growth via downregulation of FOS-like antigen 1. Mol Carcinog 2018; 58:234-246. [PMID: 30303565 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is the second most frequent soft tissue sarcoma. Because of its resistance to chemotherapy, UPS patients are treated with surgical resection and complementary radiotherapy. However, since standard chemotherapy has not been established, unresectable or metastatic cases result in a poor prognosis. Therefore, the identification of a more effective therapy for UPS patients is needed. The development and progression of malignant tumors involve epigenetic alterations, and histone deacetylases (HDAC) have become a promising chemotherapeutic target. In this study, we investigated the potential effects and mechanisms of an HDAC inhibitor, LBH589, in UPS cells. We confirmed that LBH589 exhibits potent antitumor activities in four human UPS cell lines (GBS-1, TNMY-1, Nara-F, and Nara-H) and IC50 values ranged from 7 to 13 nM. A mouse xenograft model showed that LBH589 treatment effectively suppressed tumor growth. FACS analysis showed that LBH589 induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Among apoptosis-related proteins, the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were decreased and the expression of Bak and Bim increased. Among cell cycle-related proteins, reductions of CDK1, p-CDK1, cyclin B1, Aurora A, and Aurora B were observed after LBH589 treatment. RNA microarray identified the FOS-like antigen 1 (FOSL1) gene as a downregulated gene in response to LBH589 in UPS cells. While knockdown of FOSL1 decreased UPS cell proliferation, overexpression induced cell proliferation. Our results show that LBH589 could be a promising chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of UPS and downregulation of the FOSL1 gene could be the new molecular target of UPS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Saitoh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Costansia Bureta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Medical Joint Materials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Furukawa
- Center for the Research of Advanced Diagnosis and Therapy of Cancer, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Noboru Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takao Setoguchi
- Department of Medical Joint Materials, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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18
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The Role of Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) Family Members in CD30-Positive Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040093. [PMID: 29597249 PMCID: PMC5923348 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor (TF) family, composed of a variety of members including c-JUN, c-FOS and ATF, is involved in mediating many biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation and cell death. Since their discovery, the role of AP-1 TFs in cancer development has been extensively analysed. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have highlighted the complexity of these TFs, mainly due to their cell-type specific homo- or hetero-dimerization resulting in diverse transcriptional response profiles. However, as a result of the increasing knowledge of the role of AP-1 TFs in disease, these TFs are being recognized as promising therapeutic targets for various malignancies. In this review, we focus on the impact of deregulated expression of AP-1 TFs in CD30-positive lymphomas including Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma and Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma.
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19
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A plasma mir-125a-5p as a novel biomarker for Kawasaki disease and induces apoptosis in HUVECs. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175407. [PMID: 28467514 PMCID: PMC5415180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is a childhood systemic vasculitis that exhibits a specific preference for the coronary arteries. The aetiology remains unknown and there are no especially diagnostic tests. microRNAs (miRNAs) are 18 to 23 nucleotides non-coding RNAs that are negative regulator of gene expression and play a crucial role in the regulatory network of the genome. Recently, circulating miRNAs have been found presentation in human plasma and displayed some characteristics of the ideal biomarker. However, few researches explored differentially expressed miRNAs in the plasma of KD patients. Our study is to identify circulating miRNAs in KD plasma which can serve as potential biomarkers of KD diagnosis. Materials and methods The total of five pairs of acute KD and normal plasma samples were analyzed using ABI miRNAs TLDA Assay chip. Differentially expression of miR-125a-5p in plasma were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in independent cohort (acute KD = 30, convalescent KD = 30 and healthy control = 32). After bioinformatics prediction, miR-125a-5p vector and inhibitor were transfected into HUVECs respectively, to observe MKK7 expression as a potential target gene. Flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptosis. The mRNA and protein levels of desired genes including MKK7, Caspase-3, Bax and Bcl2 were detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Results Eighteen miRNAs were differentially expressed in acute KD’s plasma compared with healthy control. miR-125a-5p was significantly increased in plasma of KD patients (p = 0.000), but no variation between acute and convalescent KD (p = 0.357). Moreover, the results from the gain and loss functions of miR-125a-5p in HUVECs have shown that miR-125a-5p remarkably suppressed MKK7 expression, as a novel target gene. Importantly, miR-125a-5p also induced apoptosis in HUVECs through inhibition MKK7 levels to regulate Bax/Bcl2 pathway resulting to activate Caspase-3. Conclusion Our study indicated that the circulating miR-125a-5p levels in KD’s plasma have remarkably evaluated compared with healthy individuals. miR-125a-5p might play a role in the development of KD by regulating target gene MKK7 to induce apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Therefore, our findings have suggested that detected miR-125a-5p levels in plasma could be used as a potential biomarker in early KD diagnosis.
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20
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Gu X, Hua Z, Dong Y, Zhan Y, Zhang X, Tian W, Liu Z, Thiele CJ, Li Z. Proteome and Acetylome Analysis Identifies Novel Pathways and Targets Regulated by Perifosine in Neuroblastoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42062. [PMID: 28165023 PMCID: PMC5292702 DOI: 10.1038/srep42062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Perifosine, an Akt inhibitor, has been shown to be effective in controlling neuroblastoma tumor growth. However, studies indicate that in addition to the ability to inhibit Akt, other mechanisms contribute to perifosine’s anti-tumor activity. To gain insight into perifosine anti-tumor activity in neuroblastoma we have studied changes in the proteome and acetylome after perifosine treatment in SK-N-AS neuroblastoma cells using SILAC labeling, affinity enrichment, high-resolution and LC-MS/MS analysis. Bioinformatic analysis indicates that, a total of 5,880 proteins and 3,415 lysine acetylation sites were quantified in SK-N-AS cells and 216 differentially expressed proteins and 115 differentially expressed lysine acetylation sites were obtained. These differentially expressed proteins and lysine acetylated proteins were involved in a number of different biological functions, metabolic pathways and pathophysiological processes. This study details the impact of perifosine on proteome and lysine acetylome in SK-N-AS cells and expands our understanding of the mechanisms of perifosine action in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gu
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhongyan Hua
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yudi Dong
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yue Zhan
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Cellular &Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Carol J Thiele
- Cellular &Molecular Biology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Zhijie Li
- Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
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21
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Wu Y, Ma S, Xia Y, Lu Y, Xiao S, Cao Y, Zhuang S, Tan X, Fu Q, Xie L, Li Z, Yuan Z. Loss of GCN5 leads to increased neuronal apoptosis by upregulating E2F1- and Egr-1-dependent BH3-only protein Bim. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2570. [PMID: 28125090 PMCID: PMC5386373 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cellular acetylation homeostasis is a kinetic balance precisely controlled by histone acetyl-transferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activities. The loss of the counterbalancing function of basal HAT activity alters the precious HAT:HDAC balance towards enhanced histone deacetylation, resulting in a loss of acetylation homeostasis, which is closely associated with neuronal apoptosis. However, the critical HAT member whose activity loss contributes to neuronal apoptosis remains to be identified. In this study, we found that inactivation of GCN5 by either pharmacological inhibitors, such as CPTH2 and MB-3, or by inactivation with siRNAs leads to a typical apoptosis in cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Mechanistically, the BH3-only protein Bim is transcriptionally upregulated by activated Egr-1 and E2F1 and mediates apoptosis following GCN5 inhibition. Furthermore, in the activity withdrawal- or glutamate-evoked neuronal apoptosis models, GCN5 loses its activity, in contrast to Bim induction. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of GCN5 suppresses Bim induction and apoptosis. Interestingly, the loss of GCN5 activity and the induction of Egr-1, E2F1 and Bim are involved in the early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) in rats. HDAC inhibition not only significantly rescues Bim expression and apoptosis induced by either potassium deprivation or GCN5 inactivation but also ameliorates these events and EBI in SAH rats. Taken together, our results highlight a new mechanism by which the loss of GCN5 activity promotes neuronal apoptosis through the transcriptional upregulation of Bim, which is probably a critical event in triggering neuronal death when cellular acetylation homeostasis is impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yangpeng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Shiyin Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yali Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Sidian Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Xiangpeng Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of General Dentistry, 323 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Xi'an, China
| | - Longchang Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Zhongmin Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neurosciences of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China
- Guangdong Province Key laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Mazzio EA, Soliman KFA. HTP Nutraceutical Screening for Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Effects of HDACis on Tumor-suppressing miRNAs by Trichostatin A and Grapeseed (Vitis vinifera) in HeLa cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2017; 14:17-33. [PMID: 28031235 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Aggressive tumor malignancies are a consequence of delayed diagnosis, epigenetic/phenotype changes and chemo-radiation resistance. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a major epigenetic regulator of transcriptional repression, which are highly overexpressed in advanced malignancy. While original chemotherapy drugs were modeled after phytochemicals elucidated by botanical screenings, HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) such as apicidin, trichostatin A (TSA) and butyrate were discovered as products of fungus and microbes, in particular, gut microbiota. Therefore, a persistent question remains as to the inherent existence of HDACis in raw undigested dietary plant material. In this study, we conduct a high-throughput (HTP) screening of ~1,600 non-fermented commonly used nutraceuticals (spices, herbs, teas, vegetables, fruits, seeds, rinds etc.) at (<600 μg/ml) and food-based polyphenolics (<240 μg/ml) for evidence of HDAC activity inhibition in nuclear HeLa cell lysates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human HDAC kinetic validation was performed using a standard fluorometric activity assay, followed by an enzymatic-linked immuno-captured ELISA. Both methods were verified using HDACi panel drugs: TSA, apicidin, suberohydroxamic acid, M344, CL-994, valproic acid and sodium phenylbutyrate. The HTP screening was then conducted, followed by a study comparing biological effects of HDACis in HeLa cells, including analysis of whole-transcriptome non-coding RNAs using Affymetrix miRNA 4.1-panel arrays. RESULTS The HTP screening results confirmed 44/1600 as potential HDACis to which 31 were further eliminated as false-positives. Methodological challenges/concerns are addressed regarding plant product false-positives that arise from the signal reduction of commercial lysine development reagents. Only 13 HDACis were found having an IC50 under <200 μg/ml: Grapeseed extract (Vitis vinifera), Great burnet root (Sanguisorba Officinalis), Babul (Acacia arabica), Chinese gallnut (Melaphis chinensis), Konaberry extract (Coffea arabica), Uva Ursi (Arctostaphylos uva ursi), Green tea (Camellia sinensis), Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria), Sassafras (Sassafras officinale), Turkey rhubarb (Rheum palmatum), epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), gossypol and gallic acid. Next, we investigate the biological consequence of HDACi panel drugs in HeLa cells, where the data suggest predominant effects are anti-mitotic rather than cytotoxic. Lastly, differential effects of TSA vs. GSE at sub-lethal concentrations tested on HeLa cells show 6,631 miRNAs expressed in resting cells, 35 significantly up-regulated (TSA) and 81 up-regulated (GSE), with several miRNAs overlapping in the upward direction by both GSE and TSA (e.g. hsa-miR-23b-5p, hsa-miR-27b-5p, hsa-miR-1180-3p, hsa-miR-6880-5p and hsa-mir-943). Using DIANA miRNA online tools, it was determined that GSE and TSA simultaneously cause overexpression of similar miRNAs predicted to destroy the following influential oncogenes: NFkB, NRAS, KRAS, HRAS, MYC, TGFBR1, E2F1, E2F2, BCL21, CDKN1A, CDK6, HIF1a, and VEGFA. CONCLUSION The data from this study show that plant- based HDACis are relatively rare, and can elicit a similar pattern to TSA in up-regulating miRNAs involved with tumor suppression of HeLa cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mazzio
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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23
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Chen Y, Tang Q, Xiao Q, Yang L, Hann SS. Targeting EP4 downstream c-Jun through ERK1/2-mediated reduction of DNMT1 reveals novel mechanism of solamargine-inhibited growth of lung cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:222-233. [PMID: 27620163 PMCID: PMC5264151 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. We previously showed that solamargine, one natural phytochemicals from traditional plants, inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells through inhibition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) receptor EP4. However, the potential downstream effectors of EP4 involving in the anti-lung cancer effects of solamargine still remained to be determined. In this study, we further verified that solamargine inhibited growth of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells in multiple cell lines. Mechanistically, solamargine increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Moreover, solamargine inhibited the protein expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and c-Jun, which were abrogated in cells treated with MEK/ERK1/2 inhibitor (PD98059) and transfected with exogenously expressed DNMT1 gene, respectively. Interestingly, overexpressed DNMT1 gene antagonized the effect of solamargine on c-Jun protein expression. Intriguingly, overexpressed c-Jun blocked solamargine-inhibited lung cancer cell growth, and feedback resisted the solamargine-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2. A nude mouse xenograft model implanted with lung cancer cells in vivo confirmed the results in vitro. Collectively, our results show that solamargine inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells through reduction of EP4 protein expression, followed by increasing ERK1/2 phosphorylation. This results in decrease in DNMT1 and c-Jun protein expressions. The inter-correlations between EP4, DNMT1 and c-Jun and feedback regulation of ERK1/2 by c-Jun contribute to the overall responses of solamargine in this process. This study uncovers an additional novel mechanism by which solamargine inhibits growth of human lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Chen
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - LiJun Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Swei S Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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