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Butkiewicz D, Krześniak M, Gdowicz-Kłosok A, Składowski K, Rutkowski T. DNA Double-Strand Break Response and Repair Gene Polymorphisms May Influence Therapy Results and Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4972. [PMID: 37894339 PMCID: PMC10605140 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy and cisplatin-based chemotherapy belong to the main treatment modalities for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and induce cancer cell death by generating DNA damage, including the most severe double-strand breaks (DSBs). Alterations in DSB response and repair genes may affect individual DNA repair capacity and treatment sensitivity, contributing to the therapy resistance and poor prognosis often observed in HNSCC. In this study, we investigated the association of a panel of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 20 DSB signaling and repair genes with therapy results and prognosis in 505 HNSCC patients treated non-surgically with DNA damage-inducing therapies. In the multivariate analysis, there were a total of 14 variants associated with overall, locoregional recurrence-free or metastasis-free survival. Moreover, we identified 10 of these SNPs as independent predictors of therapy failure and unfavorable prognosis in the whole group or in two treatment subgroups. These were MRE11 rs2155209, XRCC5 rs828907, RAD51 rs1801321, rs12593359, LIG4 rs1805388, CHEK1 rs558351, TP53 rs1042522, ATM rs1801516, XRCC6 rs2267437 and NBN rs2735383. Only CHEK1 rs558351 remained statistically significant after correcting for multiple testing. These results suggest that specific germline variants related to DSB response and repair may be potential genetic modifiers of therapy effects and disease progression in HNSCC treated with radiotherapy and cisplatin-based chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Butkiewicz
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Krześniak
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gdowicz-Kłosok
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Składowski
- I Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rutkowski
- I Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
- Radiotherapy Department, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
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Erdogan MA, Ugo D, Ines F. The role of ion channels in the relationship between the immune system and cancer. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2023; 92:151-198. [PMID: 38007267 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is capable of identifying and eliminating cancer, a complicated illness marked by unchecked cellular proliferation. The significance of ion channels in the complex interaction between the immune system and cancer has been clarified by recent studies. Ion channels, which are proteins that control ion flow across cell membranes, have variety of physiological purposes, such as regulating immune cell activity and tumor development. Immune cell surfaces contain ion channels, which have been identified to control immune cell activation, motility, and effector activities. The regulation of immune responses against cancer cells has been linked to a number of ion channels, including potassium, calcium, and chloride channels. As an example, potassium channels are essential for regulating T cell activation and proliferation, which are vital for anti-tumor immunity. Calcium channels play a crucial role when immune cells produce cytotoxic chemicals in order to eliminate cancer cells. Chloride channels also affect immune cell infiltration and invasion into malignancies. Additionally, tumor cells' own expressed ion channels have an impact on their behavior and in the interaction with the immune system. The proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and immune evasion of cancer cells may all be impacted by changes in ion channel expression and function. Ion channels may also affect the tumor microenvironment by controlling angiogenesis, inflammatory responses, and immune cell infiltration. Ion channel function in the interaction between the immune system and cancer has important implications for cancer treatment. A possible method to improve anti-tumor immune responses and stop tumor development is to target certain ion channels. Small compounds and antibodies are among the ion channel modulators under investigation as possible immunotherapeutics. The complex interaction between ion channels, the immune system, and cancer highlights the significance of these channels for tumor immunity. The development of novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer will be made possible by unraveling the processes by which ion channels control immune responses and tumor activity. Hence, the main driving idea of the present chapter is trying to understand the possible function of ion channels in the complex crosstalk between cancer and immunoresponse. To this aim, after giving a brief journey of ion channels throughout the history, a classification of the main ion channels involved in cancer disease will be discussed. Finally, the last paragraph will focus on more recently advancements in the use of biomaterials as therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. The hope is that future research will take advantage of the promising combination of ion channels, immunomodulation and biomaterials filed to provide better solutions in the treatment of cancer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumin Alper Erdogan
- Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - D'Amora Ugo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Fasolino Ines
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy
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Balboni B, Rinaldi F, Previtali V, Ciamarone A, Girotto S, Cavalli A. Novel Insights into RAD52’s Structure, Function, and Druggability for Synthetic Lethality and Innovative Anticancer Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061817. [PMID: 36980703 PMCID: PMC10046612 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the RAD52 protein has been highlighted as a mediator of many DNA repair mechanisms. While RAD52 was initially considered to be a non-essential auxiliary factor, its inhibition has more recently been demonstrated to be synthetically lethal in cancer cells bearing mutations and inactivation of specific intracellular pathways, such as homologous recombination. RAD52 is now recognized as a novel and critical pharmacological target. In this review, we comprehensively describe the available structural and functional information on RAD52. The review highlights the pathways in which RAD52 is involved and the approaches to RAD52 inhibition. We discuss the multifaceted role of this protein, which has a complex, dynamic, and functional 3D superstructural arrangement. This complexity reinforces the need to further investigate and characterize RAD52 to solve a challenging mechanistic puzzle and pave the way for a robust drug discovery campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Balboni
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Rinaldi
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Viola Previtali
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciamarone
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefania Girotto
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Structural Biophysics and Translational Pharmacology Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (A.C.); Tel.: +39-010-2896-983 (S.G.); +39-010-2897-403 (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (A.C.); Tel.: +39-010-2896-983 (S.G.); +39-010-2897-403 (A.C.)
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Karska J, Kowalski S, Saczko J, Moisescu MG, Kulbacka J. Mechanosensitive Ion Channels and Their Role in Cancer Cells. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:167. [PMID: 36837670 PMCID: PMC9965697 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are an inherent element in the world around us. The effects of their action can be observed both on the macro and molecular levels. They can also play a prominent role in the tissues and cells of animals due to the presence of mechanosensitive ion channels (MIChs) such as the Piezo and TRP families. They are essential in many physiological processes in the human body. However, their role in pathology has also been observed. Recent discoveries have highlighted the relationship between these channels and the development of malignant tumors. Multiple studies have shown that MIChs mediate the proliferation, migration, and invasion of various cancer cells via various mechanisms. This could show MIChs as new potential biomarkers in cancer detection and prognosis and interesting therapeutic targets in modern oncology. Our paper is a review of the latest literature on the role of the Piezo1 and TRP families in the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis in different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Karska
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Kowalski
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mihaela G. Moisescu
- Department of Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology, Research Center of Excellence in Biophysics and Cellular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Vodicka P, Vodenkova S, Horak J, Opattova A, Tomasova K, Vymetalkova V, Stetina R, Hemminki K, Vodickova L. An investigation of DNA damage and DNA repair in chemical carcinogenesis triggered by small-molecule xenobiotics and in cancer: Thirty years with the comet assay. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 885:503564. [PMID: 36669813 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2022.503564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the present review we addressed the determination of DNA damage induced by small-molecule carcinogens, considered their persistence in DNA and mutagenicity in in vitro and in vivo systems over a period of 30 years. The review spans from the investigation of the role of DNA damage in the cascade of chemical carcinogenesis. In the nineties, this concept evolved into the biomonitoring studies comprising multiple biomarkers that not only reflected DNA/chromosomal damage, but also the potential of the organism for biotransformation/elimination of various xenobiotics. Since first years of the new millennium, dynamic system of DNA repair and host susceptibility factors started to appear in studies and a considerable knowledge has been accumulated on carcinogens and their role in carcinogenesis. It was understood that the final biological links bridging the arising DNA damage and cancer onset remain to be elucidated. In further years the community of scientists learnt that cancer is a multifactorial disease evolving over several decades of individual´s life. Moreover, DNA damage and DNA repair are inseparable players also in treatment of malignant diseases, but affect substantially other processes, such as degeneration. Functional monitoring of DNA repair pathways and DNA damage response may cast some light on above aspects. Very little is currently known about the relationship between telomere homeostasis and DNA damage formation and repair. DNA damage/repair in genomic and mitochondrial DNA and crosstalk between these two entities emerge as a new interesting topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Centre in Pilsen, Charles University, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Vodenkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Centre in Pilsen, Charles University, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Horak
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Opattova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Centre in Pilsen, Charles University, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Tomasova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Centre in Pilsen, Charles University, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Centre in Pilsen, Charles University, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Stetina
- Department of Research and Development, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Centre in Pilsen, Charles University, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic; Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), 691 20 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Centre in Pilsen, Charles University, 306 05 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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Seborova K, Hlavac V, Holy P, Bjørklund SS, Fleischer T, Rob L, Hruda M, Bouda J, Mrhalova M, Allah MMKAO, Vodicka P, Fiala O, Soucek P, Kristensen VN, Vodickova L, Vaclavikova R. Complex molecular profile of DNA repair genes in epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients with different sensitivity to platinum-based therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016958. [DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is known for high mortality due to diagnosis at advanced stages and frequent therapy resistance. Previous findings suggested that the DNA repair system is involved in the therapeutic response of cancer patients and DNA repair genes are promising targets for novel therapies. This study aimed to address complex inter-relations among gene expression levels, methylation profiles, and somatic mutations in DNA repair genes and EOC prognosis and therapy resistance status. We found significant associations of DUT expression with the presence of peritoneal metastases in EOC patients. The high-grade serous EOC subtype was enriched with TP53 mutations compared to other subtypes. Furthermore, somatic mutations in XPC and PRKDC were significantly associated with worse overall survival of EOC patients, and higher FAAP20 expression in platinum-resistant than platinum-sensitive patients was observed. We found higher methylation of RAD50 in platinum-resistant than in platinum-sensitive patients. Somatic mutations in BRCA1 and RAD9A were significantly associated with higher RBBP8 methylation in platinum-sensitive compared to platinum-resistant EOC patients. In conclusion, we discovered associations of several candidate genes from the DNA repair pathway with the prognosis and platinum resistance status of EOC patients, which deserve further validation as potential predictive biomarkers.
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Horak J, Dolnikova A, Cumaogullari O, Cumova A, Navvabi N, Vodickova L, Levy M, Schneiderova M, Liska V, Andera L, Vodicka P, Opattova A. MiR-140 leads to MRE11 downregulation and ameliorates oxaliplatin treatment and therapy response in colorectal cancer patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:959407. [PMID: 36324569 PMCID: PMC9618941 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.959407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy failure is a fundamental challenge in cancer treatment. One of the most common reasons for therapy failure is the development of acquired resistance of cancer cells. DNA-damaging agents are frequently used in first-line chemotherapy regimens and DNA damage response, and DNA repair pathways are significantly involved in the mechanisms of chemoresistance. MRE11, a part of the MRN complex involved in double-strand break (DSB) repair, is connected to colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ prognosis. Our previous results showed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) microRNA (miRNA) binding sites of MRE11 gene are associated with decreased cancer risk but with shorter survival of CRC patients, which implies the role of miRNA regulation in CRC. The therapy of colorectal cancer utilizes oxaliplatin (oxalato(trans-l-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum), which is often compromised by chemoresistance development. There is, therefore, a crucial clinical need to understand the cellular processes associated with drug resistance and improve treatment responses by applying efficient combination therapies. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of miRNAs on the oxaliplatin therapy response of CRC patients. By the in silico analysis, miR-140 was predicted to target MRE11 and modulate CRC prognosis. The lower expression of miR-140 was associated with the metastatic phenotype (p < 0.05) and poor progression-free survival (odds ratio (OR) = 0.4, p < 0.05). In the in vitro analysis, we used miRNA mimics to increase the level of miR-140 in the CRC cell line. This resulted in decreased proliferation of CRC cells (p < 0.05). Increased levels of miR-140 also led to increased sensitivity of cancer cells to oxaliplatin (p < 0.05) and to the accumulation of DNA damage. Our results, both in vitro and in vivo, suggest that miR-140 may act as a tumor suppressor and plays an important role in DSB DNA repair and, consequently, CRC therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Horak
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Alexandra Dolnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ozge Cumaogullari
- Eastern Mediterranean University, Dr. Fazıl Küçük Faculty of Medicine, North Cyprus, Turkey
- Gazimağusa State Hospital, Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Andrea Cumova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Nazila Navvabi
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Levy
- Surgical Department, 1.st Medical Faculty, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Michaela Schneiderova
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vaclav Liska
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Ladislav Andera
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Vestec, Czechia
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Alena Opattova, ; Pavel Vodicka,
| | - Alena Opattova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Alena Opattova, ; Pavel Vodicka,
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Puccini A, Seeber A, Berger MD. Biomarkers in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Status Quo and Future Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4828. [PMID: 36230751 PMCID: PMC9564318 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide, and its incidence is steadily increasing. During the last two decades, a tremendous improvement in outcome has been achieved, mainly due to the introduction of novel drugs, targeted treatment, immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and biomarker-driven patient selection. Moreover, progress in molecular diagnostics but also improvement in surgical techniques and local ablative treatments significantly contributed to this success. However, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to further improve outcome in patients diagnosed with metastatic CRC. Besides the established biomarkers for mCRC, such as microsatellite instability (MSI) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), RAS/BRAF, sidedness and HER2 amplification, new biomarkers have to be identified to better select patients who derive the most benefit from a specific treatment. In this review, we provide an overview about therapeutic relevant and established biomarkers but also shed light on potential promising markers that may help us to better tailor therapy to the individual mCRC patient in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Puccini
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andreas Seeber
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin D Berger
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Interactions between miRNAs and Double-Strand Breaks DNA Repair Genes, Pursuing a Fine-Tuning of Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063231. [PMID: 35328651 PMCID: PMC8954595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The repair of DNA damage is a crucial process for the correct maintenance of genetic information, thus, allowing the proper functioning of cells. Among the different types of lesions occurring in DNA, double-strand breaks (DSBs) are considered the most harmful type of lesion, which can result in significant loss of genetic information, leading to diseases, such as cancer. DSB repair occurs through two main mechanisms, called non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination repair (HRR). There is evidence showing that miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of genes acting in NHEJ and HRR mechanisms, either through direct complementary binding to mRNA targets, thus, repressing translation, or by targeting other genes involved in the transcription and activity of DSB repair genes. Therefore, alteration of miRNA expression has an impact on the ability of cells to repair DSBs, which, in turn, affects cancer therapy sensitivity. This latter gives account of the importance of miRNAs as regulators of NHEJ and HRR and places them as a promising target to improve cancer therapy. Here, we review recent reports demonstrating an association between miRNAs and genes involved in NHEJ and HRR. We employed the Web of Science search query TS (“gene official symbol/gene aliases*” AND “miRNA/microRNA/miR-”) and focused on articles published in the last decade, between 2010 and 2021. We also performed a data analysis to represent miRNA–mRNA validated interactions from TarBase v.8, in order to offer an updated overview about the role of miRNAs as regulators of DSB repair.
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Tarapara B, Shah F. An in-silico analysis to identify structural, functional and regulatory role of SNPs in hMRE11. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:2160-2174. [PMID: 35048780 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2028678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Meiotic recombination 11 (MRE11) is a component of the tri-molecular MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex, which functions as an exonuclease and endonuclease which is involved in identifying, signalling, protecting and repairing double-strand breaks in DNA (DSBs). Ataxia-telangiectasia-like disorder (ATLD) 1 and Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS)-like disorder are MRE11 associated diseases. In the present study, we used an integrated computational approach to identify the most deleterious SNPs and their structural and functional impact on human MRE11. Five of the 68 observed non-synonymous SNP (nsSNPs; I162T, S273C, W210C, D311Y and R364L) should be worked on due to their strong possible pathogenicity and the risk of changing protein properties. All the nsSNPs were highly conserved and decrease the protein stability located in the MRE11 nuclease and MRE11 DNA binding presumed domain. R364L and I162T were predicted to be involved in post-translational modification (PTM) sites. Furthermore, we also analysed the regulatory effect of noncoding SNPs on MRE11 gene regulation in which 6 SNPs were found to affect gene regulation. All six noncoding SNPs predicted chromatin interactive site whereas only one SNP was noted its association with miRNA binding site which disrupts 5 miRNA conserved site. These findings help future studies to get more insights into the role of these variants in the alteration of the MRE11 function. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhoomi Tarapara
- Department of Cancer Biology, Stem Cell Biology Lab, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Franky Shah
- Department of Cancer Biology, Stem Cell Biology Lab, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, India
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Nguyen Thi Ngoc Thanh, Tram PB, Tuyet NHH, Uyen NHP, Tien LTM, Anh DN, Van LTT, Luan HH, Hue NT. Association of Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in DNA Repair and Cell Cycle Arrest with Breast Cancer in a Vietnamese Case-Control Cohort. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721040101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Bendova P, Pardini B, Susova S, Rosendorf J, Levy M, Skrobanek P, Buchler T, Kral J, Liska V, Vodickova L, Landi S, Soucek P, Naccarati A, Vodicka P, Vymetalkova V. Genetic variations in microRNA-binding sites of solute carrier transporter genes as predictors of clinical outcome in colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2021; 42:378-394. [PMID: 33319241 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the principal mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in highly frequent solid tumors, such as colorectal cancer (CRC), is the decreased activity of drug transport into tumor cells due to low expression of important membrane proteins, such as solute carrier (SLC) transporters. Sequence complementarity is a major determinant for target gene recognition by microRNAs (miRNAs). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in target sequences transcribed into messenger RNA may therefore alter miRNA binding to these regions by either creating a new site or destroying an existing one. miRSNPs may explain the modulation of expression levels in association with increased/decreased susceptibility to common diseases as well as in chemoresistance and the consequent inter-individual variability in drug response. In the present study, we investigated whether miRSNPs in SLC transporter genes may modulate CRC susceptibility and patient's survival. Using an in silico approach for functional predictions, we analyzed 26 miRSNPs in 9 SLC genes in a cohort of 1368 CRC cases and 698 controls from the Czech Republic. After correcting for multiple tests, we found several miRSNPs significantly associated with patient's survival. SNPs in SLCO3A1, SLC22A2 and SLC22A3 genes were defined as prognostic factors in the classification and regression tree analysis. In contrast, we did not observe any significant association between miRSNPs and CRC risk. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating miRSNPs potentially affecting miRNA binding to SLC transporter genes and their impact on CRC susceptibility or patient's prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Bendova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov, Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Pardini
- IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Simona Susova
- Biomedical Centre and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Toxicogenomics Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jachym Rosendorf
- Biomedical Centre and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Levy
- Department of Surgery, Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Skrobanek
- Department of Oncology, Thomayer Hospital, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Buchler
- Department of Oncology, Thomayer Hospital, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kral
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, IKEM, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Liska
- Biomedical Centre and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov, Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pavel Soucek
- Biomedical Centre and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Toxicogenomics Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Candiolo, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov, Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Albertov, Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Alej Svobody, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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13
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The Interactions of DNA Repair, Telomere Homeostasis, and p53 Mutational Status in Solid Cancers: Risk, Prognosis, and Prediction. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030479. [PMID: 33513745 PMCID: PMC7865496 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The disruption of genomic integrity due to the accumulation of various kinds of DNA damage, deficient DNA repair capacity, and telomere shortening constitute the hallmarks of malignant diseases. DNA damage response (DDR) is a signaling network to process DNA damage with importance for both cancer development and chemotherapy outcome. DDR represents the complex events that detect DNA lesions and activate signaling networks (cell cycle checkpoint induction, DNA repair, and induction of cell death). TP53, the guardian of the genome, governs the cell response, resulting in cell cycle arrest, DNA damage repair, apoptosis, and senescence. The mutational status of TP53 has an impact on DDR, and somatic mutations in this gene represent one of the critical events in human carcinogenesis. Telomere dysfunction in cells that lack p53-mediated surveillance of genomic integrity along with the involvement of DNA repair in telomeric DNA regions leads to genomic instability. While the role of individual players (DDR, telomere homeostasis, and TP53) in human cancers has attracted attention for some time, there is insufficient understanding of the interactions between these pathways. Since solid cancer is a complex and multifactorial disease with considerable inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity, we mainly dedicated this review to the interactions of DNA repair, telomere homeostasis, and TP53 mutational status, in relation to (a) cancer risk, (b) cancer progression, and (c) cancer therapy.
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14
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Arora M, Kumari S, Singh J, Chopra A, Chauhan SS. PAXX, Not NHEJ1 Is an Independent Prognosticator in Colon Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:584053. [PMID: 33195430 PMCID: PMC7649742 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.584053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical Non-homologous End Joining (NHEJ) pathway is the mainstay of cellular response to DNA double strand breaks. While aberrant expression of genes involved in this pathway has been linked with genomic instability and drug resistance in several cancers, limited information is available about its clinical significance in colon cancer. We performed a comprehensive analysis of seven essential genes, including XRCC5, XRCC6, PRKDC, LIG4, XRCC4, NHEJ1, and PAXX of this pathway, in colon cancer using multi-omics datasets, and studied their associations with molecular and clinicopathological features, including age, gender, stage, KRAS mutation, BRAF mutation, microsatellite instability status and promoter DNA methylation in TCGA colon cancer dataset. This analysis revealed upregulation of XRCC5, PRKDC, and PAXX in colon cancer compared to normal colon tissues, while LIG4 and NHEJ1 (XLF) displayed downregulation. The expression of these genes was independent of age and KRAS status, while XRCC5, PRKDC, and LIG4 exhibited reduced expression in BRAF mutant tumors. Interestingly, we observed a strong association between XRCC6, XRCC5, PRKDC and LIG4 overexpression and microsatellite instability status of the tumors. In multivariate analysis, high PAXX expression emerged as an independent prognostic marker for poor overall and disease specific survival. We also observed hypomethylation of PAXX promoter in tumors, which exhibited a strong correlation with its overexpression. Furthermore, PAXX overexpression was also associated with several oncogenic pathways as well as a reduction in numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarita Kumari
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. BRA-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jay Singh
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. BRA-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Chopra
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. BRA-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shyam S Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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15
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Lin J, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Ouyang Z. Identification and analysis of RNA structural disruptions induced by single nucleotide variants using Riprap and RiboSNitchDB. NAR Genom Bioinform 2020; 2:lqaa057. [PMID: 33575608 PMCID: PMC7671322 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA conformational alteration has significant impacts on cellular processes and phenotypic variations. An emerging genetic factor of RNA conformational alteration is a new class of single nucleotide variant (SNV) named riboSNitch. RiboSNitches have been demonstrated to be involved in many genetic diseases. However, identifying riboSNitches is notably difficult as the signals of RNA structural disruption are often subtle. Here, we introduce a novel computational framework–RIboSNitch Predictor based on Robust Analysis of Pairing probabilities (Riprap). Riprap identifies structurally disrupted regions around any given SNVs based on robust analysis of local structural configurations between wild-type and mutant RNA sequences. Compared to previous approaches, Riprap shows higher accuracy when assessed on hundreds of known riboSNitches captured by various experimental RNA structure probing methods including the parallel analysis of RNA structure (PARS) and the selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE). Further, Riprap detects the experimentally validated riboSNitch that regulates human catechol-O-methyltransferase haplotypes and outputs structurally disrupted regions precisely at base resolution. Riprap provides a new approach to interpreting disease-related genetic variants. In addition, we construct a database (RiboSNitchDB) that includes the annotation and visualization of all presented riboSNitches in this study as well as 24 629 predicted riboSNitches from human expression quantitative trait loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Lin
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Department of Statistics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Zhengqing Ouyang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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16
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Vymetalkova V, Rosa F, Susova S, Bendova P, Levy M, Buchler T, Kral J, Bartu L, Vodickova L, Hughes DJ, Soucek P, Naccarati A, Kumar R, Vodicka P, Pardini B. Expression quantitative trait loci in ABC transporters are associated with survival in 5-FU treated colorectal cancer patients. Mutagenesis 2020; 35:273-281. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gez050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The chemotherapeutic efficacy in colorectal cancer (CRC) is limited due to the inter-individual variability in drug response and the development of tumour resistance. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are crucial in the development of resistance by the efflux of anticancer agents from cancer cells. In this study, we identified 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 11 ABC transporter genes acting as an expression of quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), i.e. whose variation influence the expression of many downstream genes. These SNPs were genotyped in a case–control study comprising 1098 cases and 1442 healthy controls and analysed in relation to CRC development risk and patient survival. Considering a strict correction for multiple tests, we did not observe any significant association between SNPs and CRC risk. The rs3819720 polymorphism in the ABCB3/TAP2 gene was statistically significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) in the codominant, and dominant models [GA vs. GG, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.48; P = 0.002; AA vs. GG, HR = 1.70; P = 0.004 and GA + AA vs. GG, HR = 1.52; P = 0.0006]. Additionally, GA carriers of the same SNP displayed worse OS after receiving 5-FU based chemotherapy. The variant allele of rs3819720 polymorphism statistically significantly affected the expression of 36 downstream genes. Screening for eQTL polymorphisms in relevant genes such as ABC transporters that can regulate the expression of several other genes may help to identify the genetic background involved in the individual response to the treatment of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Fabio Rosa
- IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Susova
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Toxicogenomics Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Bendova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Levy
- Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Buchler
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kral
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, IKEM, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Linda Bartu
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - David J Hughes
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Group, UCD Conway Institute, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pavel Soucek
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Toxicogenomics Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology
- Division of Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Barbara Pardini
- IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
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17
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Regulation of DNA Damage Response and Homologous Recombination Repair by microRNA in Human Cells Exposed to Ionizing Radiation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071838. [PMID: 32650508 PMCID: PMC7408912 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation may be of both artificial and natural origin and causes cellular damage in living organisms. Radioactive isotopes have been used significantly in cancer therapy for many years. The formation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is the most dangerous effect of ionizing radiation on the cellular level. After irradiation, cells activate a DNA damage response, the molecular path that determines the fate of the cell. As an important element of this, homologous recombination repair is a crucial pathway for the error-free repair of DNA lesions. All components of DNA damage response are regulated by specific microRNAs. MicroRNAs are single-stranded short noncoding RNAs of 20–25 nt in length. They are directly involved in the regulation of gene expression by repressing translation or by cleaving target mRNA. In the present review, we analyze the biological mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate cell response to ionizing radiation-induced double-stranded breaks with an emphasis on DNA repair by homologous recombination, and its main component, the RAD51 recombinase. On the other hand, we discuss the ability of DNA damage response proteins to launch particular miRNA expression and modulate the course of this process. A full understanding of cell response processes to radiation-induced DNA damage will allow us to develop new and more effective methods of ionizing radiation therapy for cancers, and may help to develop methods for preventing the harmful effects of ionizing radiation on healthy organisms.
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18
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Tang C, He Z, Liu H, Xu Y, Huang H, Yang G, Xiao Z, Li S, Liu H, Deng Y, Chen Z, Chen H, He N. Application of magnetic nanoparticles in nucleic acid detection. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:62. [PMID: 32316985 PMCID: PMC7171821 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid is the main material for storing, copying, and transmitting genetic information. Gene sequencing is of great significance in DNA damage research, gene therapy, mutation analysis, bacterial infection, drug development, and clinical diagnosis. Gene detection has a wide range of applications, such as environmental, biomedical, pharmaceutical, agriculture and forensic medicine to name a few. Compared with Sanger sequencing, high-throughput sequencing technology has the advantages of larger output, high resolution, and low cost which greatly promotes the application of sequencing technology in life science research. Magnetic nanoparticles, as an important part of nanomaterials, have been widely used in various applications because of their good dispersion, high surface area, low cost, easy separation in buffer systems and signal detection. Based on the above, the application of magnetic nanoparticles in nucleic acid detection was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congli Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Ziyu He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Yuyue Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Hao Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Gaojian Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Ziqi Xiao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Song Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Hongna Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Yan Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Hui Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007 China
| | - Nongyue He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 China
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19
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Ho V, Chung L, Singh A, Lea V, Abubakar A, Lim SH, Chua W, Ng W, Lee M, Roberts TL, de Souza P, Lee CS. Aberrant Expression of RAD52, Its Prognostic Impact in Rectal Cancer and Association with Poor Survival of Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051768. [PMID: 32143539 PMCID: PMC7084626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response enables cells to survive and maintain genome integrity. RAD52 is a DNA-binding protein involved in the homologous recombination in DNA repair, and is important for the maintenance of tumour genome integrity. We investigated possible correlations between RAD52 expression and cancer survival and response to preoperative radiotherapy. RAD52 expression was examined in tumour samples from 179 patients who underwent surgery for rectal cancer, including a sub-cohort of 40 patients who were treated with neoadjuvant therapy. A high score for RAD52 expression in the tumour centre was significantly associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS; p = 0.045). In contrast, reduced RAD52 expression in tumour centre samples from patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy (n = 40) significantly correlated with poor DFS (p = 0.025) and overall survival (OS; p = 0.048). Our results suggested that RAD52 may have clinical value as a prognostic marker of tumour response to neoadjuvant radiation and both disease-free status and overall survival in patients with rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Ho
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-4620-3845; Fax: +61-2-4520-3116
| | - Liping Chung
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Amandeep Singh
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (A.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Vivienne Lea
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (A.S.); (V.L.)
| | - Askar Abubakar
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
| | - Stephanie H. Lim
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
- Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre, Campbelltown Hospital, NSW 2560, Australia
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Wei Chua
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Weng Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Mark Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Tara L. Roberts
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Paul de Souza
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Cheok Soon Lee
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (T.L.R.); (P.d.S.); (C.S.L.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (S.H.L.); (W.C.)
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (A.S.); (V.L.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
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20
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Fan CW, Kopsida M, Liu YB, Zhang H, Gao JF, Arbman G, Cao SYW, Li Y, Zhou ZG, Sun XF. Prognostic Heterogeneity of MRE11 Based on the Location of Primary Colorectal Cancer Is Caused by Activation of Different Immune Signals. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1465. [PMID: 32010608 PMCID: PMC6979908 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: MRE11 plays an important role in DNA damage response for the maintenance of genome stability, and is becoming a prognostic marker for cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the correlations of MRE11 to prognosis and tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells (TIICs) in different locations of CRC remains unclear. Methods: Among Swedish and TCGA-COREAD patients, we investigated the association of MRE11 expression, tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells (TIICs) and microsatellite status with survival in right-sided colon cancer (RSCC) and left-sided colon and rectal cancer (LSCRC). The signaling of MRE11-related was further analyzed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis and ClueGO. Results: High MRE11 expression alone or combination of high MRE11 expression with high TIICs was related to favorable prognosis in LSCRC. Moreover, high MRE11 expression was associated with favorable prognosis in LSCRC with microsatellite stability. The relationships above were adjusted for tumor stage, differentiation, and/or TIICs. However, no such evidence was observed in RSCC. Several signaling pathways involving MRE11 were found to be associated with cell cycle and DNA repair in RSCC and LSCRC, whereas, the activation of the immune response and necrotic cell death were specifically correlated with LSCRC. Conclusions: High MRE11 expression is an independent prognostic marker in LSCRC and enhanced prognostic potency of combining high MRE11 with high TIICs in LSCRC, mainly due to differential immune signaling activated by MRE11 in RSCC and LSCRC, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Wen Fan
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oncology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria Kopsida
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - You-Bin Liu
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oncology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jing-Fang Gao
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Arbman
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Si-Yu-Wei Cao
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zong-Guang Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- Department of Oncology, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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21
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Pardini B, Corrado A, Paolicchi E, Cugliari G, Berndt SI, Bezieau S, Bien SA, Brenner H, Caan BJ, Campbell PT, Casey G, Chan AT, Chang-Claude J, Cotterchio M, Gala M, Gallinger SJ, Haile RW, Harrison TA, Hayes RB, Hoffmeister M, Hopper JL, Hsu L, Huyghe J, Jenkins MA, Le Marchand L, Lin Y, Lindor NM, Nan H, Newcomb PA, Ogino S, Potter JD, Schoen RE, Slattery ML, White E, Vodickova L, Vymetalkova V, Vodicka P, Gemignani F, Peters U, Naccarati A, Landi S. DNA repair and cancer in colon and rectum: Novel players in genetic susceptibility. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:363-372. [PMID: 31209889 PMCID: PMC7301215 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Interindividual differences in DNA repair systems may play a role in modulating the individual risk of developing colorectal cancer. To better ascertain the role of DNA repair gene polymorphisms on colon and rectal cancer risk individually, we evaluated 15,419 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 185 DNA repair genes using GWAS data from the Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR) and the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO), which included 8,178 colon cancer, 2,936 rectum cancer cases and 14,659 controls. Rs1800734 (in MLH1 gene) was associated with colon cancer risk (p-value = 3.5 × 10-6 ) and rs2189517 (in RAD51B) with rectal cancer risk (p-value = 5.7 × 10-6 ). The results had statistical significance close to the Bonferroni corrected p-value of 5.8 × 10-6 . Ninety-four SNPs were significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk after Binomial Sequential Goodness of Fit (BSGoF) procedure and confirmed the relevance of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and homologous recombination pathways for colon and rectum cancer, respectively. Defects in MMR genes are known to be crucial for familial form of colorectal cancer but our findings suggest that specific genetic variations in MLH1 are important also in the individual predisposition to sporadic colon cancer. Other SNPs associated with the risk of colon cancer (e.g., rs16906252 in MGMT) were found to affect mRNA expression levels in colon transverse and therefore working as possible cis-eQTL suggesting possible mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pardini
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alda Corrado
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Cugliari
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sonja I. Berndt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD. USA
| | - Stephane Bezieau
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, France
| | - Stephanie A. Bien
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bette J. Caan
- Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program of Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Peter T. Campbell
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Graham Casey
- Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, VA, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Manish Gala
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Tabitha A. Harrison
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Richard B. Hayes
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John L. Hopper
- Melborne School of Population Health, The University of Melborne, Melborne, Australia
| | - Li Hsu
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jeroen Huyghe
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mark A. Jenkins
- Melborne School of Population Health, The University of Melborne, Melborne, Australia
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, Research Cancer Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Yi Lin
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Noralane M. Lindor
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Hongmei Nan
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Polly A. Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health; all in, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John D. Potter
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert E. Schoen
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Martha L. Slattery
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Emily White
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ulrike Peters
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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22
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Gholami M, Larijani B, Sharifi F, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Taslimi R, Bastami M, Atlasi R, Amoli MM. MicroRNA-binding site polymorphisms and risk of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7477-7499. [PMID: 31637880 PMCID: PMC6885874 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations in miRNAs binding site might participate in cancer risk. This study aimed to systematically review the association between miRNA‐binding site polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC). Electronic literature search was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Embase. All types of observational studies till 30 November 2018 were included. Overall 85 studies (21 SNPs) from two systematic searches were included analysis. The results showed that in the Middle East population, the minor allele of rs731236 was associated with decreased risk of CRC (heterozygote model: 0.76 [0.61‐0.95]). The minor allele of rs3025039 was related to increased risk of CRC in East Asian population (allelic model: 1.25 [1.01‐1.54]). Results for rs3212986 were significant in overall and subgroup analysis (P < .05). For rs1801157 in subgroup analysis the association was significant in Asian populations (including allelic model: 2.28 [1.11‐4.69]). For rs712, subgroup analysis revealed a significant (allelic model: 1.41 [1.23‐1.61]) and borderline (allelic model: 0.92 [0.84‐1.00]) association in Chinese and Czech populations, respectively. The minor allele of rs17281995 increased risk of CRC in different genetic models (P < .05). Finally, rs5275, rs4648298, and rs61764370 did not show significant associations. In conclusion, minor allele of rs3025039, rs3212986, and rs712 polymorphisms increases the risk of CRC in the East Asian population, and heterozygote model of rs731236 polymorphism shows protective effect in the Middle East population. In Europeans, the minor allele of rs17281995 may increase the risk of CRC, while rs712 may have a protective effect. Further analysis based on population stratifications should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Gholami
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Sharifi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Taslimi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rasha Atlasi
- Evidence Based Practice Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Liu J, Zheng B, Li Y, Yuan Y, Xing C. Genetic Polymorphisms of DNA Repair Pathways in Sporadic Colorectal Carcinogenesis. J Cancer 2019; 10:1417-1433. [PMID: 31031852 PMCID: PMC6485219 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair systems play a critical role in maintaining the integrity and stability of the genome, which mainly include base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), mismatch repair (MMR) and double-strand break repair (DSBR). The polymorphisms in different DNA repair genes that are mainly represented by single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can potentially modulate the individual DNA repair capacity and therefore exert an impact on individual genetic susceptibility to cancer. Sporadic colorectal cancer arises from the colorectum without known contribution from germline causes or significant family history of cancer or inflammatory bowel disease. In recent years, emerging studies have investigated the association between polymorphisms of DNA repair system genes and sporadic CRC. Here, we review recent insights into the polymorphisms of DNA repair pathway genes, not only individual gene polymorphism but also gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, in sporadic colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Liu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ying Li
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Chengzhong Xing
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention (China Medical University), Liaoning Provincial Education Department, Shenyang 110001, China
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24
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Senghore T, Chien HT, Wang WC, Chen YX, Young CK, Huang SF, Yeh CC. Polymorphisms in ERCC5 rs17655 and ERCC1 rs735482 Genes Associated with the Survival of Male Patients with Postoperative Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Adjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8010033. [PMID: 30609649 PMCID: PMC6351919 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway plays a major role in the repair of DNA damaged by exogenous agents, such as chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic agents. Thus, we investigated the association between key potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NER pathway and clinical outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Thirteen SNPs in five key NER genes were genotyped in 319 male OSCC patients using iPLEX MassARRAY. Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to estimate the risk of death or recurrence. Carriers of the XPC rs2228000 TT genotype showed a borderline significant increased risk of poor overall survival under the recessive model (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.99–3.29). The CC genotypes of ERCC5 rs17655 (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.03–2.29) and ERCC1 rs735482 (HR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.06–2.58) were associated with an increased risk of worse disease-free survival under the recessive model. In addition, participants carrying both the CC genotypes of ERCC5 rs17655 and ERCC1 rs735482 exhibited an enhanced susceptibility for recurrence (HR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.11–6.09). However, no statistically significant interaction was observed between them. Our findings reveal that the ERCC5 rs17655 CC and ERCC1 rs735482 CC genotypes were associated with an increased risk of recurrence in male patients with OSCC treated with CCRT. Therefore, CCRT may not be beneficial, and alternative treatments are required for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Senghore
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Independence Drive, Banjul, P.O. Box 1646, The Gambia.
| | - Huei-Tzu Chien
- Department of Public Health, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan.
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - You-Xin Chen
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Kuang Young
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 20401, Taiwan.
| | - Shiang-Fu Huang
- Department of Public Health, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Ching Yeh
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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25
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Vymetalkova V, Cervena K, Bartu L, Vodicka P. Circulating Cell-Free DNA and Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113356. [PMID: 30373199 PMCID: PMC6274807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a strong demand for the identification of new biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. Among all liquid biopsy analysts, cell-free circulating DNA (cfDNA) is probably the most promising tool with respect to the identification of minimal residual diseases, assessment of treatment response and prognosis, and identification of resistance mechanisms. Circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) maintains the same genomic signatures that are present in the matching tumor tissue allowing for the quantitative and qualitative evaluation of mutation burdens in body fluids. Thus, ctDNA-based research represents a non-invasive method for cancer detection. Among the numerous possible applications, the diagnostic, predictive, and/or prognostic utility of ctDNA in CRC has attracted intense research during the last few years. In the present review, we will describe the different aspects related to cfDNA research and evidence from studies supporting its potential use in CRC diagnoses and the improvement of therapy efficacy. We believe that ctDNA-based research should be considered as key towards the introduction of personalized medicine and patient benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vymetalkova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Klara Cervena
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Linda Bartu
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic.
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26
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Schneiderova M, Naccarati A, Pardini B, Rosa F, Gaetano CD, Jiraskova K, Opattova A, Levy M, Veskrna K, Veskrnova V, Buchler T, Landi S, Vodicka P, Vymetalkova V. MicroRNA-binding site polymorphisms in genes involved in colorectal cancer etiopathogenesis and their impact on disease prognosis. Mutagenesis 2018; 32:533-542. [PMID: 29048575 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the Vogelstein's model of colorectal carcinogenesis, genetic variations in highly penetrant genes may be involved in the colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis. Similarly, aberrant function and/or altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) often occur in CRC. In this context, polymorphisms in miRNA-binding sites (miRSNPs) may affect miRNA/target gene interaction, resulting in differential mRNA/protein expression and increased susceptibility to common diseases. To explore this phenomenon, we have mined the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of genes known to be frequently mutated in CRC to search for miRSNPs and tested their association with CRC risk and clinical outcome. Eight miRSNPs (rs1804191, rs397768, rs41116 in APC; rs1137918, s227091, rs4585 in ATM; rs712, rs1137282, rs61764370 in KRAS; rs8674 in PARP1 and rs16950113 in SMAD7) were tested for their association with CRC risk in a case-control study (1111 cases and 1469 healthy controls). The role of these miRSNPs was also investigated in relation to clinical outcome on a subset of patients with complete follow-up. rs8679 within PARP1 was associated with CRC risk and patients' survival. In the dominant model, carriers of at least one C allele were at a decreased risk of cancer (P = 0.05). The CC genotype in rs8679 was also associated with an increased risk of recurrence/progression in patients that received 5-FU-based chemotherapy (log-rank test P = 0.03). Carriers of the homozygous variant genotype TT for rs712 in KRAS gene were associated with a decreased risk of rectal cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 0.65, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.43-1.00, P = 0.05) while individuals with colon cancer carrying the heterozygous GT genotype showed a longer overall survival (OS) (P = 0.04). We provide the first evidence that variations in potential miRNA-binding target sites in the 3' UTR of PARP1 gene may modulate CRC risk and prognosis after therapy. Further studies are needed to replicate our finding and assess miRSNPs as predictive biomarkers in independent populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Schneiderova
- Department of Surgery, General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 12800, Czech Republic
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology; Genomic Variation in Human Populations and Complex Diseases, IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology; Genomic Variation in Human Populations and Complex Diseases, IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Rosa
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology; Genomic Variation in Human Populations and Complex Diseases, IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Cornelia Di Gaetano
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology; Genomic Variation in Human Populations and Complex Diseases, IIGM Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Verdi 8, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Katerina Jiraskova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology Medicine Genet., First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Opattova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology Medicine Genet., First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Levy
- Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Veskrna
- Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Veskrnova
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Buchler
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology Medicine Genet., First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1083, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology Medicine Genet., First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
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27
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Tang CH, Su CM. RAD52 gene polymorphisms are associated with risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese Han population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8994. [PMID: 29245274 PMCID: PMC5728889 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Upward trends in the incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China over the past decade mean that it is critical to improve survival outcomes for patients with this malignancy. Analysis of genetic variants may identify biomarkers that have a role in CRC susceptibility and clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with CRC. RAD52 is a key mediator during DNA strand exchange and homologous recombination within mammalian cells. In this study, we explored the effects of RAD52 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the susceptibility and clinicopathological characteristics of Chinese Han patients with CRC. Five RAD52 SNPs (rs1051669, rs10774474, rs11571378, rs6489769, and rs7963551) were analyzed using TaqMan SNP genotyping in 281 patients with CRC and 309 healthy controls. Among those aged over 60 years in the total population, carriers of the variant C allele or at least one T allele of the rs1051669 SNP were at a lower risk of CRC than carriers of the wild-type CC variant of rs1051669, while in those carrying the rs7963551 SNP, the GT or GT+GG alleles were associated with an increased risk of CRC compared with patients carrying TT alleles. We indicated a significant correlation between RAD52 rs7963551 polymorphism and lymph node metastasis in CRC patients. In all patients, the T-T-T-T-T, C-T-T-T-T, and C-T-A-C-T haplotypes were associated with an increasing risk of CRC. Our findings suggest that 4 RAD52 SNPs (rs1051669, rs10774474, rs11571378, and rs6489769) might contribute to the prediction of CRC susceptibility. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that RAD52 polymorphisms were associated with CRC in a Chinese Han cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Laboratory, Affiliated Dongyang Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, Zhejiang, China
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28
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Lenart P, Zlámal F, Machal J, Hlinomaz O, Groch L, Bienertová-Vašků J. Increased age-adjusted hazard of death associated with a common single nucleotide polymorphism of the human RAD52 gene in a cardiovascular cohort. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 167:56-63. [PMID: 29024686 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aging may be characterized as the progressive increase of the risk of death caused by a decrease of almost all bodily functions. While a great number of model organism studies have established the role of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) as one of the main causes of aging, few studies have examined whether common polymorphisms in human DSB repair genes influence aging and mortality. More importantly, to the best of our knowledge, no longitudinal study has thus far examined the link between polymorphisms in DSB repair and the risk of death. This longitudinal study thus analyses whether four common polymorphisms (rs2155209, rs7963551, rs17105278, rs2735383) in four selected DSB repair genes (MRE11A, RAD52, RAD51B, NBS1) influence the hazard of age-adjusted death in a cohort of patients with typical symptoms of ischemic heart disease. The results have shown that rs7963551 G/T heterozygotes exhibit a significantly increased hazard of death when compared with the combined GG and TT homozygotes (HR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.06-1.91, p=0.018). This study indicates that the SNP affecting efficiency of DSB repair may influence aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Lenart
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A18, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A29, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Filip Zlámal
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A18, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A29, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Machal
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A18, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ota Hlinomaz
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic; First Department of Internal Medicine-Cardioangiology, St. Anne's Hospital and Masaryk University, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Groch
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic; First Department of Internal Medicine-Cardioangiology, St. Anne's Hospital and Masaryk University, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Julie Bienertová-Vašků
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A18, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Building A29, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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29
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Downregulation of DNA repair proteins and increased DNA damage in hypoxic colon cancer cells is a therapeutically exploitable vulnerability. Oncotarget 2017; 8:86296-86311. [PMID: 29156796 PMCID: PMC5689686 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical removal of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases generates areas of tissue hypoxia. Hypoxia imposes a stem-like phenotype on residual tumor cells and promotes tumor recurrence. Moreover, in primary CRC, gene expression signatures reflecting hypoxia and a stem-like phenotype are highly expressed in the aggressive Consensus Molecular Subtype 4 (CMS4). Therapeutic strategies eliminating hypoxic stem-like cells may limit recurrence following resection of primary tumors or metastases. Here we show that expression of DNA repair genes is strongly suppressed in CMS4 and inversely correlated with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α) and HIF-2α co-expression signatures. Tumors with high expression of HIF signatures and low expression of repair proteins showed the worst survival. In human tumors, expression of the repair proteins RAD51, KU70 and RIF1 was strongly suppressed in hypoxic peri-necrotic tumor areas. Experimentally induced hypoxia in patient derived colonospheres in vitro or in vivo (through vascular clamping) was sufficient to downregulate repair protein expression and caused DNA damage. Hypoxia-induced DNA damage was prevented by expressing the hydroperoxide-scavenging enzyme glutathione peroxidase-2 (GPx2), indicating that reactive oxygen species mediate hypoxia-induced DNA damage. Finally, the hypoxia-activated prodrug Tirapazamine greatly augmented DNA damage and reduced the fraction of stem-like (Aldefluorbright) tumor cells in vitro, and in vivo following vascular clamping. We conclude that decreased expression of DNA repair proteins and increased DNA damage in hypoxic tumor areas may be therapeutically exploited with hypoxia-activated prodrugs, and that such drugs reduce the fraction of Aldefluorbright (stem-like) tumor cells.
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Vodicka P, Pardini B, Vymetalkova V, Naccarati A. Polymorphisms in Non-coding RNA Genes and Their Targets Sites as Risk Factors of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 937:123-49. [PMID: 27573898 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42059-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease that develops as a consequence of both genetic and environmental risk factors in interplay with epigenetic mechanisms, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). CRC cases are predominantly sporadic in which the disease develops with no apparent hereditary syndrome. The last decade has seen the progress of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that allowed the discovery of several genetic regions and variants associated with weak effects on sporadic CRC. Collectively these variants may enable a more accurate prediction of an individual's risk to the disease and its prognosis. However, the number of variants contributing to CRC is still not fully explored.SNPs in genes encoding the miRNA sequence or in 3'UTR regions of the corresponding binding sites may affect miRNA transcription, miRNA processing, and/or the fidelity of the miRNA-mRNA interaction. These variants could plausibly impact miRNA expression and target mRNA translation into proteins critical for cellular integrity, differentiation, and proliferation.In the present chapter, we describe the different aspects of variations related to miRNAs and other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and evidence from studies investigating these candidate genetic alterations in support to their role in CRC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Vodicka
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 00, Prague, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00, Prague, Czech Republic. .,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 323 00, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 00, Prague, Czech Republic.,Human Genetics Foundation - Torino (HuGeF), via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 00, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Albertov 4, 128 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 00, Prague, Czech Republic.,Human Genetics Foundation - Torino (HuGeF), via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
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31
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Lieberman R, You M. Corrupting the DNA damage response: a critical role for Rad52 in tumor cell survival. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:1647-1659. [PMID: 28722656 PMCID: PMC5559167 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The DNA damage response enables cells to survive, maintain genome integrity, and to safeguard the transmission of high-fidelity genetic information. Upon sensing DNA damage, cells respond by activating this multi-faceted DNA damage response leading to restoration of the cell, senescence, programmed cell death, or genomic instability if the cell survives without proper repair. However, unlike normal cells, cancer cells maintain a marked level of genomic instability. Because of this enhanced propensity to accumulate DNA damage, tumor cells rely on homologous recombination repair as a means of protection from the lethal effect of both spontaneous and therapy-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA. Thus, modulation of DNA repair pathways have important consequences for genomic instability within tumor cell biology and viability maintenance under high genotoxic stress. Efforts are underway to manipulate specific components of the DNA damage response in order to selectively induce tumor cell death by augmenting genomic instability past a viable threshold. New evidence suggests that RAD52, a component of the homologous recombination pathway, is important for the maintenance of tumor genome integrity. This review highlights recent reports indicating that reducing homologous recombination through inhibition of RAD52 may represent an important focus for cancer therapy and the specific efforts that are already demonstrating potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lieberman
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Ming You
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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32
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Zhu L, Sturgis EM, Zhang H, Lu Z, Tao Y, Wei Q, Li G. Genetic variants in microRNA-binding sites of DNA repair genes as predictors of recurrence in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Int J Cancer 2017. [PMID: 28646528 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (SCCOP) continues to rise because of increasing rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Inherited polymorphisms in DNA repair pathways may influence the risk of SCCOP development and the prognosis of SCCOP. We sought to determine whether polymorphisms in microRNA (miRNA)-binding sites within 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of genes in DNA repair pathways modulate the risk of SCCOP recurrence. We evaluated the associations between nine such polymorphisms and SCCOP recurrence in 1,008 patients with incident SCCOP using the log-rank test and multivariable Cox models. In an analysis of all the patients, patients with variant genotypes of BRCA1 rs12516 and RAD51 rs7180135 had better disease-free survival (log-rank, p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0003, respectively) and lower risk of SCCOP recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 0.5, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2-0.8, and HR, 0.5, 95% CI, 0.3-0.9, respectively) than patients with common homozygous genotypes of the two polymorphisms after multivariable adjustment. Moreover, in tumor HPV16-positive patients, patients with variant genotypes of the same two polymorphisms also had better disease-free survival (log-rank, p = 0.004 and p = 0.003, respectively) and lower recurrence risk (HR, 0.2, 95% CI, 0.1-0.6, and HR, 0.2, 95% CI, 0.0-0.7, respectively) than patients with common homozygous genotypes of the two polymorphisms. No such significant associations were found for other polymorphisms. These findings support significant roles of BRCA1 rs12516 and RAD51 rs7180135 in modifying the risk of recurrence of SCCOP, particularly HPV16-positive SCCOP. However, these results must be validated in larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Erich M Sturgis
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhongming Lu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Department of Otolaryngology & head and neck Surgery, 2nd affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.,Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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33
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Kan Y, Batada NN, Hendrickson EA. Human somatic cells deficient for RAD52 are impaired for viral integration and compromised for most aspects of homology-directed repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 55:64-75. [PMID: 28549257 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Homology-directed repair (HDR) maintains genomic integrity by eliminating lesions such as DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) and stalled replication forks and thus a deficiency in HDR is associated with genomic instability and cancer predisposition. The mechanism of HDR is best understood and most rigorously characterized in yeast. The inactivation of the fungal radiation sensitive 52 (RAD52) gene, which has both recombination mediator and single-strand annealing (SSA) activities in vitro, leads to severe HDR defects in vivo. Confusingly, however, the inactivation of murine and chicken RAD52 genes resulted in mouse and chicken cells, respectively, that were largely aphenotypic. To clarify this issue, we have generated RAD52 knockout human cell lines. Human RAD52-null cells retain a significant level of SSA activity demonstrating perforce that additional SSA-like activities must exist in human cells. Moreover, we confirmed that the SSA activity associated with RAD52 is involved in, but not absolutely required for, most HDR subpathways. Specifically, a deficiency in RAD52 impaired the repair of DNA DSBs and intriguingly decreased the random integration of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV). Finally, an analysis of pan-cancer genome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) revealed an association between aberrant levels of RAD52 expression and poor overall survival in multiple cancers. In toto, our work demonstrates that RAD52 contributes to the maintenance of genome stability and tumor suppression in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Kan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Nizar N Batada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eric A Hendrickson
- BMBB Department, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St., SE., Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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34
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Zhu L, Sturgis EM, Lu Z, Zhang H, Wei P, Wei Q, Li G. Association between miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in double-strand break repair genes and risk of recurrence in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the non-oropharynx. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:432-438. [PMID: 28334093 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms at miRNA-binding sites may affect miRNA-mediated gene regulation. Thus, miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in double-strand break (DSB) repair genes may affect DNA repair capacity, which in turn could affect cancer prognosis. To determine whether miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in DSB repair genes are associated with the risk of recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the non-oropharynx (SCCNOP), we used a log-rank test and multivariable Cox models to evaluate the associations between miRNA-binding site polymorphisms in DSB repair genes and SCCNOP recurrence. Compared with patients without common homozygous genotypes, patients with the variant genotypes of ATM rs227091, LIG3 rs4796030, and RAD51 rs7180135 had significantly better disease-free survival (DFS) (log-rank P = 0.046, 0.002, and 0.041, respectively) and lower risk of disease recurrence [HR (95% CI) = 0.7 (0.6-0.9), 0.6 (0.5-0.9), and 0.7 (0.6-0.9), respectively]. Furthermore, patients with the variant genotypes of these 3 polymorphisms had significantly lower recurrence risk than those without common homozygous genotypes did [HR = 0.3 (95% CI = 0.2-0.7)]. Among patients who received chemoradiation, those with the individual or combined variant genotypes of the three polymorphisms had a significantly lower risk of disease recurrence than those with the individual or combined common homozygous genotypes did. The individual or combined variant genotypes of the ATM rs227091, LIG3 rs4796030, and RAD51 rs7180135 polymorphisms significantly modify the risk of SCCNOP recurrence, particularly for patients treated with chemoradiation. Future prospective studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings to enable more effective personalized treatment for SCCNOP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Erich M Sturgis
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhongming Lu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264000, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler St, FCT4.6044, Houston, TX 77030, USA and
| | - Qingyi Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 1445, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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35
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Dayde D, Tanaka I, Jain R, Tai MC, Taguchi A. Predictive and Prognostic Molecular Biomarkers for Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Rectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030573. [PMID: 28272347 PMCID: PMC5372589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The standard of care in locally advanced rectal cancer is neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) followed by radical surgery. Response to nCRT varies among patients and pathological complete response is associated with better outcome. However, there is a lack of effective methods to select rectal cancer patients who would or would not have a benefit from nCRT. The utility of clinicopathological and radiological features are limited due to lack of adequate sensitivity and specificity. Molecular biomarkers have the potential to predict response to nCRT at an early time point, but none have currently reached the clinic. Integration of diverse types of biomarkers including clinicopathological and imaging features, identification of mechanistic link to tumor biology, and rigorous validation using samples which represent disease heterogeneity, will allow to develop a sensitive and cost-effective molecular biomarker panel for precision medicine in rectal cancer. Here, we aim to review the recent advance in tissue- and blood-based molecular biomarker research and illustrate their potential in predicting nCRT response in rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Dayde
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ichidai Tanaka
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Rekha Jain
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Mei Chee Tai
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ayumu Taguchi
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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36
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Macauda A, Calvetti D, Maccari G, Hemminki K, Försti A, Goldschmidt H, Weinhold N, Houlston R, Andersen V, Vogel U, Buda G, Varkonyi J, Sureda A, Martinez Lopez J, Watek M, Butrym A, Sarasquete ME, Dudziński M, Jurczyszyn A, Druzd-Sitek A, Kruszewski M, Subocz E, Petrini M, Iskierka-Jażdżewska E, Raźny M, Szombath G, Marques H, Zawirska D, Chraniuk D, Halka J, Hove Jacobsen SE, Mazur G, García Sanz R, Dumontet C, Moreno V, Stępień A, Beider K, Pelosini M, Manuel Reis R, Krawczyk-Kulis M, Rymko M, Avet-Loiseau H, Lesueur F, Grząśko N, Ostrovsky O, Jamroziak K, Vangsted AJ, Jerez A, Tomczak W, Zaucha JM, Kadar K, Sainz J, Nagler A, Landi S, Gemignani F, Canzian F. Identification of miRSNPs associated with the risk of multiple myeloma. Int J Cancer 2016; 140:526-534. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Macauda
- Department of Biology; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Diego Calvetti
- Department of Biology; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Giuseppe Maccari
- The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright; Woking Surrey GU24 0NF United Kingdom
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Asta Försti
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine V; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Niels Weinhold
- Department of Internal Medicine V; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Richard Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology; The Institute of Cancer Research; London United Kingdom
| | - Vibeke Andersen
- Institute of Regional Health Research, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- Research Unit of Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Research, Laboratory Center, Hospital of Southern Jutland; Aabenraa Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment; Copenhagen DK-2100 Denmark
| | - Gabriele Buda
- UO Hematology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Judit Varkonyi
- Department of Hematology; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Anna Sureda
- Department of Hematology; Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) and IDIBELL; Barcelona Spain
| | - Joaquin Martinez Lopez
- Department of Hematology; Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Complutense School of Medicine, CNIO; Madrid Spain
| | | | | | | | - Marek Dudziński
- Department of Hematology; Specialist District Hospital; Rzeszow Poland
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of Hematology; Cracow University Hospital; Cracow Poland
| | - Agnieszka Druzd-Sitek
- Department of Lymphoid Malignancies Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Institute and Oncology Centre Warsaw; Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Edyta Subocz
- Department of Hematology; Military Institute of Medicine; Warsaw Poland
| | - Mario Petrini
- UO Hematology, Department of Internal and Experimental Medicine; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | | | | | - Gergely Szombath
- Department of Hematology; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Herlander Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho; Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga Portugal
| | - Daria Zawirska
- Department of Hematology; Cracow University Hospital; Cracow Poland
| | | | - Janusz Halka
- Department of Hematology; Military Institute of Medicine; Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal Diseases, Hypertension and Occupational Medicine; Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - Ramón García Sanz
- Department of Hematology; University Hospital of Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | - Charles Dumontet
- INSERM UMR 1052/CNRS 5286, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I; Lyon 69622 France
| | - Victor Moreno
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), IDIBELL, CIBERESP and Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Anna Stępień
- Laboratory of Clinical and Transplant Immunology and Genetics; Copernicus Memorial Hospital; Łódź Poland
| | - Katia Beider
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel-Hashomer Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Matteo Pelosini
- Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest; U.O Dipartimento di Ematologia; Livorno, Italy
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho; Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga Portugal
- Barretos Cancer Hospital; Molecular Oncology Research Center; Barretos Brazil
| | - Malgorzata Krawczyk-Kulis
- Department of Hematology and Bone marrow Transplantation; Silesian Medical University; Katowice Poland
| | - Marcin Rymko
- Department of Hematology; Copernicus Hospital; Torun Poland
| | - Hervé Avet-Loiseau
- Laboratoire d'hématologie, Pôle biologie; Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole 1; Avenue Irène Joliot-Curie, Toulouse 31059 France
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- Institut Curie; 26 rue d'Ulm Paris F-75005 France
- PSL Research University; Paris F-75005 France
- Inserm, U900; Paris F-75005 France
- Mines Paris Tech; Fontainebleau, Paris F-77305 France
| | - Norbert Grząśko
- Department of Hematology; St. John's Cancer Center; Lublin Poland
| | - Olga Ostrovsky
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel-Hashomer Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Krzysztof Jamroziak
- Department of Hematology; Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine; Warsaw Poland
| | - Annette J. Vangsted
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen University; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Andrés Jerez
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology; IMIB, University Hospital Morales Meseguer; Murcia Spain
| | - Waldemar Tomczak
- Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation; Medical University of Lublin; Lublin Poland
| | | | - Katalin Kadar
- Department of Hematology; Semmelweis University; Budapest Hungary
| | - Juan Sainz
- Centro Pfizer, Universidad de Granada, Junta de Andalucía de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica (GENYO); Granada Spain
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center; Tel-Hashomer Ramat Gan Israel
| | - Stefano Landi
- Department of Biology; University of Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | | | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ); Heidelberg Germany
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37
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Vymetalkova V, Pardini B, Rosa F, Jiraskova K, Di Gaetano C, Bendova P, Levy M, Veskrnova V, Buchler T, Vodickova L, Naccarati A, Vodicka P. Polymorphisms in microRNA binding sites of mucin genes as predictors of clinical outcome in colorectal cancer patients. Carcinogenesis 2016; 38:28-39. [PMID: 27803053 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in microRNA (miRNA) binding sites may affect miRNA/target gene interaction, resulting in differential mRNA/protein expression and susceptibility to common diseases. Mucins have been identified as markers of adverse prognosis. We hypothesized that genetic variations in miRNA binding sites located in mucin genes may modulate signaling response and the maintenance of genomic stability ultimately affecting cancer susceptibility, efficacy of chemotherapy and survival. In this study, we analyzed the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in predicted miRNA target sites (miRSNPs) of mucin genes with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and clinical outcome. Thirteen miRSNPs in 9 genes were assessed in 1111 cases and 1469 controls. No strongly significant associations were observed in the case-control study. Patients carrying the CC genotype of rs886403 in MUC21 displayed a shorter survival and higher recurrence risk when compared with TT carriers [overall survival (OS): hazard ratios (HR) 1.69; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.13-2.46; P = 0.01 and event-free survival (EFS): HR 1.99; 95% CI 1.38-2.84; P = 0.0002, respectively]. The observed associations were more striking after stratification for tumor site (in patients with colon cancer, OS: HR 2.63; 95% CI 1.69-4.10; P < 0.0001 and EFS: HR 2.65; 95% CI 1.72-4.07; P < 0.0001). In contrast, rectal cancer cases carrying the CC genotype of rs4729655 in MUC17 displayed a longer survival (OS: HR 0.27; 95% CI 0.14-0.54; P = 0.0002) than those with the most common genotype. To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating miRSNPs potentially affecting miRNA binding to mucin genes and revealing their impact on CRC susceptibility or patient's survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic, .,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Fabio Rosa
- Human Genetics Foundation, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Katerina Jiraskova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Cornelia Di Gaetano
- Human Genetics Foundation, 10126 Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Petra Bendova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslav Levy
- Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic and
| | - Veronika Veskrnova
- Department of Oncology, Thomayer Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Buchler
- Department of Oncology, Thomayer Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Alessio Naccarati
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic.,Human Genetics Foundation, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 11000 Prague, Czech Republic.,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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38
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Cao J, Luo C, Peng R, Guo Q, Wang K, Wang P, Ye H, Song C. MiRNA-binding site functional polymorphisms in DNA repair genes RAD51, RAD52, and XRCC2 and breast cancer risk in Chinese population. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:10.1007/s13277-016-5459-2. [PMID: 27726100 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
RAD51, RAD52, and XRCC2 are all involved in DNA homologous recombinational repair, and there are interactions among those genes. Polymorphisms in 3'-UTR of DNA repair genes may change DNA repair capacity by regulating gene expression. However, potential regulatory variants affecting their expression remain largely unexplored. Five miRNA-binding site SNPs (rs7180135 and rs45549040 in RAD51, rs1051669 and rs7963551 in RAD52 and rs3218550 in XRCC2) selected by bioinformatics method were genotyped in 498 breast cancer (BC) patients and 498 matched controls in Chinese population. Association between SNPs and BC risk was analyzed by adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) in unconditional logistic regression model. Quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR and Western Blot assays were used to calculate the relative expression of RAD52 in recombinant plasmid-pGenesil-1-let-7b group and let-7b-inhibitor group. Gene-reproductive factors interactions were evaluated by multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method. We found that individuals with AC (OR 0.684, 95%CI 0.492-0.951) and CC (OR 0.317, 95%CI 0.200-0.503) genotypes of rs7963551 had a significantly lower risk of breast cancer and qRT-PCR and Western Blot revealed that let-7b might downregulate the expression of RAD52 in MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells. A significant interaction between the number of pregnancy (≥2) and rs7963551 (Ars7963551) was found to increase breast cancer risk by 2.63-fold (OR 2.63; 95%CI 2.03-3.42). In summary, the miRNA-binding SNPs in DNA repair genes RAD51, RAD52, and XRCC2 and their interaction with reproductive factors might play important roles in the development of BC, and let-7b might downregulate RAD52 expression in MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Luo
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoyun Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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