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Kuang Y, Feng J, Jiang Y, Jin Q, Wang Q, Zhang C, He Y. Prognostic and immunological role of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 1B1 in human tumors: A pan-cancer analysis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231206966. [PMID: 37847172 PMCID: PMC10586001 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231206966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) 1B1 is associated with a poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, and osteosarcoma. Overexpression of ALDH also impairs tumor immunity. However, it is unclear how ALDH1B1 is associated with patient prognosis and immune infiltration in different cancer types. This is an original research based on bioinformatics analysis. In this study, we investigated the expression and prognostic value of ALDH1B1 in pan-cancer specimens using several databases, including GEPIA2 and Kaplan-Meier Plotter. The GEPIA2 and TIMER2 databases were used to explore correlations between ALDH1B1 expression and immune infiltration in cancers, especially head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Finally, the expression of ALDH1B1 was validated by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The expression of ALDH1B1 differed in most cancers compared to normal tissue controls. ALDH1B1 has an important impact on the prognosis different cancer types, and the high expression of ALDH1B1 is inversely associated with survival in patients with HNSC. A significant positive correlation was identified between ALDH1B1 expression in HNSC and immune infiltration. The poor prognosis associated with high expression of ALDH1B1 may be related to the promotion of M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Furthermore, markers of immune cell infiltration, such as exhausted T cells and regulatory T cells showed different patterns of ALDH1B1-associated immune infiltration. ALDH1B1 can serve as a prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer types and is correlated with immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kuang
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Feng
- Research Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianqian Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Research Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulong He
- Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Zhang W, Wang H, Qi Y, Li S, Geng C. Epigenetic study of early breast cancer (EBC) based on DNA methylation and gene integration analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1989. [PMID: 35132081 PMCID: PMC8821628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women. The purpose of this study is to identify key molecular markers related to the diagnosis and prognosis of early breast cancer (EBC). The data of mRNA, lncRNA and DNA methylation were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset for identification of differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and DNA methylation analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyzes were used to identify the biological functions of DEmRNAs. The correlation analysis between DNA methylation and DEmRNAs was carried out. Then, diagnostic analysis and prognostic analysis of identified DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs were also performed in the TCGA database. Subsequently, methylation state verification for identified DEmRNAs was performed in the GSE32393 dataset. In addition, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in vitro verification of genes was performed. Finally, AC093110.1 was overexpressed in human BC cell line MCF-7 to verify cell proliferation and migration. In this study, a total of 1633 DEmRNAs, 750 DElncRNAs and 8042 differentially methylated sites were obtained, respectively. In the Venn analysis, 11 keys DEmRNAs (ALDH1L1, SPTBN1, MRGPRF, CAV2, HSPB6, PITX1, WDR86, PENK, CACNA1H, ALDH1A2 and MME) were we found. ALDH1A2, ALDH1L1, HSPB6, MME, MRGPRF, PENK, PITX1, SPTBN1, WDR86 and CAV2 may be considered as potential diagnostic gene biomarkers in EBC. Strikingly, CAV2, MME, AC093110.1 and AC120498.6 were significantly actively correlated with survival. Methylation state of identified DEmRNAs in GSE32393 dataset was consistent with the result in TCGA. AC093110.1 can affect the proliferation and migration of MCF-7. ALDH1A2, ALDH1L1, HSPB6, MME, MRGPRF, PENK, PITX1, SPTBN1, WDR86 and CAV2 may be potential diagnostic gene biomarkers of EBC. Strikingly, CAV2, MME, AC093110.1 and AC120498.6 were significantly actively correlated with survival. The identification of these genes can help in the early diagnosis and treatment of EBC. In addition, AC093110.1 can regulate SPTBN1 expression and play an important role in cell proliferation and migration, which provides clues to clarify the regulatory mechanism of EBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Zhang
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 169 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China.,Gland Surgery, Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoqi Wang
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 169 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Qi
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 169 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 169 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuizhi Geng
- Department of Breast Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 169 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Everts HB, Akuailou EN. Retinoids in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Nutrients 2021; 13:E153. [PMID: 33466372 PMCID: PMC7824907 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal studies as early as the 1920s suggested that vitamin A deficiency leads to squamous cell metaplasia in numerous epithelial tissues including the skin. However, humans usually die from vitamin A deficiency before cancers have time to develop. A recent long-term cohort study found that high dietary vitamin A reduced the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). cSCC is a form of nonmelanoma skin cancer that primarily occurs from excess exposure to ultraviolet light B (UVB). These cancers are expensive to treat and can lead to metastasis and death. Oral synthetic retinoids prevent the reoccurrence of cSCC, but side effects limit their use in chemoprevention. Several proteins involved in vitamin A metabolism and signaling are altered in cSCC, which may lead to retinoid resistance. The expression of vitamin A metabolism proteins may also have prognostic value. This article reviews what is known about natural and synthetic retinoids and their metabolism in cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen B Everts
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX 76209, USA
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4
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Liu H, Qu Y, Zhou H, Zheng Z, Zhao J, Zhang J. Bioinformatic analysis of potential hub genes in gastric adenocarcinoma. Sci Prog 2021; 104:368504211004260. [PMID: 33788653 PMCID: PMC10454997 DOI: 10.1177/00368504211004260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic type of gastric cancer; however, the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. To improve mechanistic understanding and identify new treatment targets or diagnostic biomarkers, we used bioinformatic tools to predict the hub genes related to the process of gastric adenocarcinoma development from public datasets, and explored their prognostic significance. We screened differentially expressed genes between gastric adenocarcinoma and normal gastric tissues in Gene Expression Omnibus datasets (GSE79973, GSE118916, and GSE29998) using the GEO2R tool, and their functions were annotated with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathway enrichment analyses in the DAVID database. Hub genes were identified based on the protein-protein network constructed in the STRING database with Cytoscape software. A total of 10 hub genes were selected for further analysis, and their expression patterns in gastric adenocarcinoma patients were investigated using the Oncomine GEPIA database. The expression levels of ATP4A, CA9, FGA, ALDH1A1, and GHRL were reduced, whereas those of TIMP1, SPP1, CXCL8, THY1, and COL1A1 were increased in gastric adenocarcinoma. The Kaplan-Meier online plotter tool showed associations of all hub genes except for CA9 with prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma patients; CXCL8 and ALDH1A1 were positively correlated with survival, and the other genes were negatively correlated with survival. These 10 hub genes may be involved in important processes in gastric adenocarcinoma development, providing new directions for research to clarify the role of these genes and offer insight for improved treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- General Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yidan Qu
- Rheumatology and Immunology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- General Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ziwen Zheng
- General Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Junjiang Zhao
- General Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- General Surgery Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Zhang X, Morikawa K, Mori Y, Zong C, Zhang L, Garner E, Huang C, Wu W, Chang J, Nagashima D, Sakurai T, Ichihara S, Oikawa S, Ichihara G. Proteomic analysis of liver proteins of mice exposed to 1,2-dichloropropane. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:2691-2705. [PMID: 32435916 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02785-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,2-Dichloropropane (1,2-DCP) is recognized as the causative agent for cholangiocarcinoma among offset color proof-printing workers in Japan. The aim of the present study was to characterize the molecular mechanisms of 1,2-DCP-induced hepatotoxic effects by proteomic analysis. We analyzed quantitatively the differential expression of proteins in the mouse liver and investigated the role of P450 in mediating the effects of 1,2-DCP. Male C57BL/6JJcl mice were exposed to 0, 50, 250, or 1250 ppm 1,2-DCP and treated with either 1-aminobenzotriazole (1-ABT), a nonselective P450 inhibitor, or saline, for 8 h/day for 4 weeks. Two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) combined with matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF/MS) was used to detect and identify proteins affected by the treatment. PANTHER overrepresentation test on the identified proteins was conducted. 2D-DIGE detected 61 spots with significantly different intensity between 0 and 250 ppm 1,2-DCP groups. Among them, 25 spots were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF/MS. Linear regression analysis showed significant trend with 1,2-DCP level in 17 proteins in mice co-treated with 1-ABT. 1-ABT mitigated the differential expression of these proteins. The gene ontology enrichment analysis showed overrepresentation of proteins functionally related to nickel cation binding, carboxylic ester hydrolase activity, and catalytic activity. The results demonstrated that exposure to 1,2-DCP altered the expression of proteins related with catalytic and carboxylic ester hydrolase activities, and that such effect was mediated by P450 enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan.,Department of Toxicology, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Kota Morikawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yurie Mori
- Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Cai Zong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Edwin Garner
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, 87108, USA
| | - Chinyen Huang
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Wenting Wu
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Jie Chang
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Daichi Nagashima
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sakurai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Shinji Oikawa
- Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan.
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6
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Prefrontal cortex alterations in glia gene expression in schizophrenia with and without suicide. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 121:31-38. [PMID: 31739114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) run a lifelong risk of suicide. Alterations in glia activities in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) have been reported in relation to suicide in patients with SCZ. While immune processes in the CNS have been related to the susceptibility and course of SCZ, there are hardly any direct comparisons between individuals with SCZ, both those who died of natural causes and those that committed suicide, and healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared mRNA expression using real time qPCR of 16 glia-related genes in the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) between 35 patients with SCZ (7 suicide completers and 28 patients who died of natural causes) and 34 well-matched controls without psychiatric or neurological diseases. RESULTS We found an increased expression of the astrocytic gene aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1) mRNA, a marker involved in dopaminergic activity, in SCZ versus controls. Excluding individuals with SCZ that committed suicide resulted in an elevated expression in the DLPFC of both ALDH1L1 and glutamine synthetase (GS) genes in patients with SCZ, compared to suicide completers and non-psychiatric controls. Regarding microglia genes: in the ACC, homeostatic markers such as chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CR1) mRNA expression was increased in SCZ without suicide as compared to suicide completers, while no change was found when compared to controls. Another, purinergic receptor 12 (P2RY12) mRNA was exclusively elevated in the ACC of suicide completers, compared to either other group. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) expression, which maintains microglial metabolism, was reduced in non-suicide patients with SCZ, compared to suicide victims and control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Differential changes are found in astrocyte and microglia genes in the PFC subregions in relation to SCZ and suicide, indicating possible disturbances of glia homeostasis in these conditions.
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7
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Bissoli I, Muscari C. Doxorubicin and α-Mangostin oppositely affect luminal breast cancer cell stemness evaluated by a new retinaldehyde-dependent ALDH assay in MCF-7 tumor spheroids. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109927. [PMID: 31982725 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
According to cancer stem cell theory, only a limited number of self-renewing and cloning cells are responsible for tumor relapse after a period of remittance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Doxorubicin and α-Mangostin, two antiproliferative drugs, on both tumor bulk and stem cells in multicellular tumor spheroids originated from the luminal MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. A new and original fluorimetric assay was used to selectively measure the activity of the retinaldehyde-dependent isoenzymes of aldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH), which are markers of a subpopulation of breast cancer stem cells. The administration of 5 μg/ml (12.2 μM) α-Mangostin for 48 h provoked: i) a marked disaggregation of the spheroids, leading to a doubling of their volume (p < 0.01), ii) a 40 % decrease in cell viability (p < 0.01), evaluated by the acid phosphatase assay, and iii) a reduction by more than 90 % of RALDH activity. By contrast, Doxorubicin given for 48 h in the range of 0.1-40 μM did not significantly reduce cell viability and caused only a modest modification of the spheroid morphology. Moreover, 40 μM Doxorubicin increased RALDH activity 2.5-fold compared to the untreated sample. When the two drugs were administered together using 5 μg/ml α-Mangostin, the IC50 of Doxorubicin referred to cell viability decreased six-fold and the RALDH activity was further reduced. In conclusion, the combined administration of Doxorubicin and α-Mangostin provoked a significant cytotoxicity and a remarkable inhibition of RALDH activity in MCF-7 tumor spheroids, suggesting that these drugs could be effective in reducing cell stemness in luminal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bissoli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Muscari
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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8
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Samson JM, Ravindran Menon D, Smith DE, Baird E, Kitano T, Gao D, Tan AC, Fujita M. Clinical implications of ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 mRNA expression in melanoma subtypes. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 314:108822. [PMID: 31580832 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity is not only a valuable marker for cancer cells with stem-like features, but also plays a vital role in drug resistance and disease progression in many tumors including melanoma. However, the precise role of ALDH activity in patient prognosis remains unclear. In this study, using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-sequencing expression data, we analyzed gene expression of ALDH isozymes in melanoma tumors to define the expression patterns and the prognostic and predictive values of these enzymes. We found that ALDH1A1 and ALDH1A3 had both higher and broader expression ranges in melanoma patients, and that ALDH1A3 expression correlated with better overall survival in metastatic melanoma. Further, stratification of the TCGA cohorts by the mutational subtypes of melanoma specifically revealed that expression of ALDH1A3 correlated with better prognosis in metastatic BRAF-mutant melanoma while expression of ALDH1A1 correlated with better prognosis in BRAF wild-type melanoma. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of these cohorts identified upregulation in oxidative phosphorylation, adipogenesis, and fatty acid metabolism signaling in ALDH1Alo patients, suggesting BRAF/MEK inhibitor resistance in that subset of patients. On the other hand, GSEA of ALDH1A3hi cohorts revealed upregulation in glycolysis, hypoxia and angiogenesis, suggesting BRAF/MEK inhibitor sensitivity in that subset of patients. Gene expression analysis using pre-treatment tumor samples supports high ALDH1A3 expression before BRAF/MEK inhibitor treatment as predictive of better treatment response in BRAF-mutant melanoma patients. Our study provides evidence that high ALDH1A3 mRNA expression is not only a prognostic marker but also a predictive marker for BRAF/MEK inhibitor treatment response in BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Mae Samson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Dinoop Ravindran Menon
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Derek E Smith
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Erika Baird
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Takayuki Kitano
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States; School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Dexiang Gao
- Department of Biostatistics & Informatics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States.
| | - Mayumi Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States; Denver VA Medical Center, Denver, CO, 80220, United States; Department of Immunology & Microbiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States.
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Wang J, Luo XX, Tang YL, Xu JX, Zeng ZG. The prognostic values of insulin-like growth factor binding protein in breast cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15561. [PMID: 31083221 PMCID: PMC6531130 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of proteins binding to insulin-like growth factors, generally consisting 6 high-affinity IGFBPs, namely IGFBP1 through IGFBP6. IGFBP family members have been indicated to be involved in the development and progression of tumors and may be useful prognostic biomarkers in various malignancies. However, the prognostic role of individual IGFBPs, especially at the mRNA level in breast cancer patients remains elusive.We accessed the prognostic roles of IGFBPs family (IGFBP1-6) in breast cancer through the "Kaplan-Meier plotter" online database and OncoLnc database.Our results showed that the high expression of IGFBP1 mRNA was associated with favorable relapsed free survival (RFS) in all breast cancer patients. The high expression of IGFBP2 mRNA was associated with favorable overall survival (OS) and RFS in all breast cancer patients. The high expression of IGFBP3 mRNA was significantly correlated to worsen RFS in all breast cancer patients. The high expression of IGFBP4 mRNA was associated with favorable OS, RFS, distant metastasis-free survival, and post-progression survival in all breast cancer patients.Our results indicated that expression of IGFBPs mRNA may have prognostic values in breast cancer patients, and have a benefit for developing tools to predict the prognosis more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Xin-Xin Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital
| | | | - Ji-Xion Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Zhen-Guo Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Loss of ALDH1L1 folate enzyme confers a selective metabolic advantage for tumor progression. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 302:149-155. [PMID: 30794800 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ALDH1L1 (cytosolic 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase) is the enzyme in folate metabolism commonly downregulated in human cancers. One of the mechanisms of the enzyme downregulation is methylation of the promoter of the ALDH1L1 gene. Recent studies underscored ALDH1L1 as a candidate tumor suppressor and potential marker of aggressive cancers. In agreement with the ALDH1L1 loss in cancer, its re-expression leads to inhibition of proliferation and to apoptosis, but also affects migration and invasion of cancer cells through a specific folate-dependent mechanism involved in invasive phenotype. A growing body of literature evaluated the prognostic value of ALDH1L1 expression for cancer disease, the regulatory role of the enzyme in cellular proliferation, and associated metabolic and signaling cellular responses. Overall, there is a strong indication that the ALDH1L1 silencing provides metabolic advantage for tumor progression at a later stage when unlimited proliferation and enhanced motility become critical processes for the tumor expansion. Whether the ALDH1L1 loss is involved in tumor initiation is still an open question.
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11
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Abouelghar A, Hasnah R, Taouk G, Saad M, Karam M. Prognostic values of the mRNA expression of natural killer receptor ligands and their association with clinicopathological features in breast cancer patients. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27171-27196. [PMID: 29930758 PMCID: PMC6007477 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that have potent cytotoxic activity against tumor cells. NK cell recognition and activity towards cancer cells are regulated by an integrated interplay between numerous inhibitory and activating receptors acting in concert to eliminate tumor cells expressing cognate ligands. Despite strong evidence supporting the role of NK cells in breast cancer (BC) control, BC still develops and progresses to form large tumors and metastases. A major mechanism of BC escape from NK immunity is the alteration of the expression of NK receptor ligands. The aim of this study was to determine whether NK receptor ligands' mRNA expression might influence prognosis in BC patients and whether these effects differ by molecular subtypes and clinicopathological features. METHODS We used the KM plotter platform to analyze the correlation between mRNA expression of 32 NK receptor ligands and relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in 3951 and 1402 BC patients, respectively. The association with tumor subtypes and clinicopathological features was determined. BC samples were split into high and low expression groups according to the best cutoff value and the two patient cohorts were compared by Kaplan-Meier survival plots. The hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals and log rank P values were calculated and FDR-adjusted for multiple testing correction. The data was considered to be statistically significant when FDR-adjusted P value < 0.05. RESULTS High mRNA expression of around 80% of ligands for NK activating and inhibitory receptors associated with better RFS, which correlated with longer OS for only about half of the NK-activating ligands but for most NK-inhibitory ligands. Also, five NK-activating ligands correlated with worse prognosis. These prognostic values were differentially associated with the BC clinical criteria. In addition, the favorable prognostic influence of NK-activating ligands' upregulation, as a whole, was mainly significantly associated with HER2-positive and basal-like subtypes, lymph node positive phenotype, and high-grade tumors. CONCLUSIONS NK receptor ligands appear to play an important role in defining BC patient prognosis. Identification of a group of patients with worse prognosis expressing high levels of NK-activating ligands and low levels of NK-inhibitory ligands makes them ideal potential candidates for NK-based immunotherapy to eliminate residual tumor cells, prevent relapse and improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abouelghar
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Reem Hasnah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ghina Taouk
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamad Saad
- Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manale Karam
- Cancer Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Krupenko SA, Krupenko NI. ALDH1L1 and ALDH1L2 Folate Regulatory Enzymes in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1032:127-143. [PMID: 30362096 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-98788-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies implicate excess ethanol ingestion as a risk factor for several cancers and support the concept of a synergistic effect of chronic alcohol consumption and folate deficiency on carcinogenesis. Alcohol consumption affects folate-related genes and enzymes including two major folate-metabolizing enzymes, ALDH1L1 and ALDH1L2. ALDH1L1 (cytosolic 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase) is a regulatory enzyme in folate metabolism that controls the overall flux of one-carbon groups in folate-dependent biosynthetic pathways. It is strongly and ubiquitously down-regulated in malignant tumors via promoter methylation, and recent studies underscored this enzyme as a candidate tumor suppressor and potential marker of aggressive cancers. A related enzyme, ALDH1L2, is the mitochondrial homolog of ALDH1L1 encoded by a separate gene. In contrast to its cytosolic counterpart, ALDH1L2 is expressed in malignant tumors and cancer cell lines and was implicated in metastasis regulation. This review discusses the link between folate and cancer, modifying effects of alcohol consumption on folate-associated carcinogenesis, and putative roles of ALDH1L1 and ALDH1L2 in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Krupenko
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,UNC Nutrition Research Institute, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Natalia I Krupenko
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,UNC Nutrition Research Institute, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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13
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Wang X, Yu Y, He Y, Cai Q, Gao S, Yao W, Liu Z, Tian Z, Han Q, Wang W, Sun R, Luo Y, Li C. Upregulation of ALDH1B1 promotes tumor progression in osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2502-2514. [PMID: 29416787 PMCID: PMC5788655 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in childhood and adolescence with poor prognosis. The mechanism underlying tumorigenesis and development of OS is largely unknown. ALDH1B1 has been reported to involve in many kinds of human cancers and functions as an oncogene, but the role of ALDH1B1 in OS has not been investigated comprehensively. In the present study, we aimed to examine clinical value and biological function of ALDH1B1 in OS. Firstly, we investigated the roles of ALDH1B1 on an OS tissue microarray (TMA) as well as two OS cohorts from GEO database. We found that ALDH1B1 was significantly up-regulated in OS tissues and was independently associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, ALDH1B1 silencing could suppress the proliferation, migration, invasion in vitro and inhibit the growth of xenograft tumor and of OS cells in vivo. Additional, ALDH1B1 knockdown increased the apoptosis rate and lead to cell cycle arrest in G1 stage of OS cell in vitro. More importantly, the inhibition of ALDH1B1 expression could increase the sensitivity of OS cells to chemotherapy, which suggested that ALDH1B1 might be served as a therapeutic target to reverse drug resistance in chemotherapy in OS patients. Taken together, our founding suggested that ALDH1B1 contributes to OS tumor progression and drug resistance, which may represent a novel prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuting He
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qiqing Cai
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Songtao Gao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Weitao Yao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Zhichao Tian
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Qicai Han
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ranran Sun
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yonggang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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14
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Nambara S, Masuda T, Nishio M, Kuramitsu S, Tobo T, Ogawa Y, Hu Q, Iguchi T, Kuroda Y, Ito S, Eguchi H, Sugimachi K, Saeki H, Oki E, Maehara Y, Suzuki A, Mimori K. Antitumor effects of the antiparasitic agent ivermectin via inhibition of Yes-associated protein 1 expression in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107666-107677. [PMID: 29296196 PMCID: PMC5746098 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) acts as an oncogene through dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and nuclear accumulation of YAP1 is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC). We previously identified ivermectin, an antiparasitic drug, as a YAP1 inhibitor. Here, we aimed to clarify whether ivermectin had antitumor effects on GC through inhibition of YAP1. First, we evaluated the antiproliferative effects of ivermectin on human GC cells using in vitro proliferation assays and a xenograft mouse model. YAP1-knockdown assays were performed to assess whether the sensitivity to ivermectin depended on YAP1 expression. Next, we explored the mechanism through which ivermectin regulated YAP1 expression or localization by immunoblotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction for YAP1 and the downstream gene CTGF. Finally, the clinical significance of YAP1 expression was examined using three independent GC datasets. We found that MKN1 GC cells were most sensitive to ivermectin, whereas MKN7 cells were most resistant. In MKN1 xenografts, ivermectin suppressed tumor growth, and the sensitivity of MKN1 cells to ivermectin was decreased by YAP1 knockdown. Ivermectin inhibited YAP1 nuclear expression and CTGF expression in MKN1 cells but not MKN7 cells. Moreover, ivermectin decreased YAP1 mRNA expression, thereby inhibiting nuclear accumulation of YAP1 in MKN1 cells. In survival analysis, low YAP1 mRNA expression was associated with a better prognosis in three independent GC datasets. In conclusion, we identified ivermectin as a potential antitumor agent and found a promising novel therapeutic strategy for inhibition of GC progression by blocking YAP1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Nambara
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
| | - Takaaki Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
| | - Miki Nishio
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kuramitsu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
| | - Taro Tobo
- Department of Pathology, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
| | - Yushi Ogawa
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Tsuzuki-Ku, Kanagawa 224-8503, Japan
| | - Qingjiang Hu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan
| | - Yousuke Kuroda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
| | - Keishi Sugimachi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Oita 874-0838, Japan
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15
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Xiong J, Zhang X, Chen X, Wei Y, Lu DG, Han YW, Xu J, Yu D. Prognostic roles of mRNA expression of notch receptors in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13157-13165. [PMID: 28061457 PMCID: PMC5355084 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signalling is aberrantly activated in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, the prognostic roles of mRNA expression of four Notch receptors in NSCLC patients remain elusive. In this report, we reported the prognostic roles of Notch receptors in a total of 1,926 NSCLC patients through “The Kaplan-Meier plotter” (KM plotter) database which is capable to assess the effect of 22,277 genes on survival of NSCLC patients. We found that mRNA high expression level of Notch1 was associated with better overall survival (OS) for all NSCLC patients, hazard ratio (HR) 0.78 (0.69-0.89), p=0.00019, better OS in adenocarcinoma (Ade) patients, HR 0.59 (0.46-0.75), p=1.5e-05, as well as in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients, HR 0.78 (0.62-0.99), p=0.044. mRNA high expression levels of Notch2 and Notch3 were associated with worsen OS for all NSCLC patients, as well as in Ade, but not in SCC patients. mRNA high expression level of Notch4 was not found to be associated with to OS for all NSCLC patients. In addition, mRNA high expression levels of Notch2, Notch3, but Notch4 are significantly associated with the NSCLC patients who have different smoking status. Our results indicate that mRNA expression of Notch receptors may have distinct prognostic values in NSCLC patients. These results will benefit for developing tools to accurately predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Xiong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Xianglai Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - De-Guo Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yun-Wei Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Yu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, P. R. China
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16
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Yang C, Wang X, Liao X, Han C, Yu T, Qin W, Zhu G, Su H, Yu L, Liu X, Lu S, Chen Z, Liu Z, Huang K, Liu Z, Liang Y, Huang J, Xiao K, Peng M, Winkle CA, O'Brien SJ, Peng T. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) isoform expression and potential clinical implications in hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182208. [PMID: 28792511 PMCID: PMC5549701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies worldwide. There are few diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and druggable targets for HCC. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) is a marker of stem cells in a variety of cancers, but the mRNA levels and prognostic value of ALDH1 isoforms in HCC patients remain unknown. In the present study, gene ontology annotation of the ALDH1 family was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), and the gene pathway analsis was performed using GeneMANIA software. The initial prognostic value of ALDH1 expression in 360 HCC patients was assessed using the OncoLnc database. The expression levels of ALDH1 isoforms in normal liver tissues and clinical specimens of cancer vs. normal control datasets were determined using the GTEx and Oncomine databases, respectively. We then analyzed the prognostic value of ALDH1 expression in 212 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC patients using the GEO database. We found that the ALDH1 isoform showed high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. The ALDH1A1, ALDH1B1, and ALDH1L1 genes encoded for the ALDH1 enzyme. High ALDH1B1 expression had protective qualities in HCC patients. Moreover, HBV-related HCC patients who showed high ALDH1L1 gene expression had a better clinical outcomes. In addition, high ALDH1A1 expression was associated with a 57-month recurrence-free survival in HBV-related HCC patients. High ALDH1B1 expression was protective for HCCs with multiple nodules and high serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level. Furthermore, high serum AFP levels contributed to lower ALDH1L1. ALDH1A1, ALDH1B1, and ALDH1L1, all of which were considered promising diagnostic and prognostic markers as well as potential drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng–kun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xiang–kun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xi–wen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Chuang–ye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Ting–dong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Guang–zhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Long Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiao–guang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Si–cong Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zhi–wei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Ke–tuan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zheng–tao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jian–lu Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Kai–yin Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Min–hao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Cheryl Ann Winkle
- Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. O'Brien
- Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The first Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
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17
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Zhu G, Liao X, Han C, Liu X, Yu L, Qin W, Lu S, Su H, Chen Z, Liu Z, Liang Y, Huang J, Yu T, Yang C, Huang K, Shang L, Ye X, Li L, Qin X, Xiao K, Peng M, Peng T. ALDH1L1 variant rs2276724 and mRNA expression predict post-operative clinical outcomes and are associated with TP53 expression in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1451-1463. [PMID: 28714006 PMCID: PMC5549030 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 (ALDH1L1) is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors, and its decreased expression is associated with the poor prognosis of HCC patients. We, therefore, evaluated the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ALDH1L1, and its mRNA expression on the survival of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC patients and the association with tumor protein p53 (TP53) expression. ALDH1L1 SNPs in 415 HBV-related HCC patients were genotyped via direct sequencing. Expression profile chip datasets and survival information were obtained from GSE14520. The C allele (CT/CC) carriers of rs2276724 were significantly associated with a favorable prognosis [adjusted P=0.040; adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.725; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.533–0.986]. Joint-effect analyses suggested that the CT/CC genotype of rs2276724 in TP53-negative patients was significantly associated with a decreased risk of death, compared to the TT genotype of rs2276724 in TP53-positive patients (adjusted P=0.037; adjusted HR=0.621; 95% CI=0.396–0.973). Furthermore, low expression of ALDH1L1 predicted a poor prognosis for the HBV-related HCC patients (adjusted P=0.04 for disease-free survival; adjusted P=0.001 for overall survival). Patients with high ALDH1L1 expression and low TP53 expression were significantly associated with a decreased risk of recurrence and death, and patients with a high TP53 expression were also significantly associated with a decreased risk of death in HBV-related HCC, compared with low ALDH1L1 and low TP53 expression. Our results suggest that ALDH1L1 may be a biomarker for predicting postoperative clinical outcomes. Moreover, ALDH1L1-rs2276724 and mRNA expression were associated with TP53 expression in HBV-related HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chuangye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, P.R. China
| | - Long Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Sicong Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhengtao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jianlu Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530031, P.R. China
| | - Tingdong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chengkun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ketuan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Liming Shang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xinping Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Lequn Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Kaiyin Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Minhao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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18
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Yu L, Zhu B, Wu S, Zhou L, Song W, Gong X, Wang D. Evaluation of the correlation of vasculogenic mimicry, ALDH1, KiSS-1, and MACC1 in the prediction of metastasis and prognosis in ovarian carcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2017; 12:23. [PMID: 28253891 PMCID: PMC5335811 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-017-0612-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence and metastasis are the usual manifestations of treatment failure of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). Vasculogenic mimicry (VM; blood supply development often seen in highly aggressive cancers), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1, cancer stem cell biomarker), KiSS-1 (suppressor of tumor metastasis), and metastasis associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) are all useful predictive factors for metastasis and prognosis in various cancers. In this study, we analyzed associations among VM, ALDH1, KiSS-1, and MACC1 in EOC, and their respective correlations with clinicopathological characteristics and survival in EOC. METHODS Positive rates of VM, ALDH1, KiSS-1, and MACC1 in 207 whole EOC tissue samples were detected by immunohistochemistry. Patients' clinical data were also collected. RESULTS Levels of VM, ALDH1, and MACC1 were significantly higher, and levels of KiSS-1 significantly lower, in EOC tissues than in benign ovary tumors. Levels of VM, ALDH1, KiSS-1, and MACC1 were associated significantly with tumor/lymph node/metastasis (LNM) grade, implantation, and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, and with patients' overall survival (OS); whereas the KiSS-1+ subgroup had significantly longer OS than did the KiSS-1- subgroup. In multivariate analysis, high VM, ALDH1 or MACC1 levels, FIGO stage, implantation and low KiSS-1 levels were independently associated with shorter OS in patients with EOC. CONCLUSIONS VM and expressions of ALDH1, KiSS-1, and MACC1 represent promising markers for metastasis and prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets for EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233003, Anhui Province, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233003, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233003, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233003, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wenqing Song
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233003, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaomeng Gong
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233003, Anhui Province, China
| | - Danna Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, No.287, Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233003, Anhui Province, China
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Yang L, Xu JF, Kang Q, Li AQ, Jin P, Wang X, He YQ, Li N, Cheng T, Sheng JQ. Predictive Value of Stemness Factor Sox2 in Gastric Cancer Is Associated with Tumor Location and Stage. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169124. [PMID: 28046028 PMCID: PMC5207680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be the "root" of cancer. Although stemness-related factors ALDH1A1 and Sox2 have been used as markers to identify gastric CSCs, the expression pattern and significance of these factors in gastric cancer have not been sufficiently demonstrated. In this study, the expressions of ALDH1A1 and Sox2 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 122 gastric cancer specimens. And the correlation between Sox2 or ALDH1A1 expression and clinicopathological parameters and overall survival data were analyzed. The positive rate of ALDH1A1 expression was 60%, but there was no significant difference between survival rates of ALDH1A1-positive and ALDH1A1-negative patients. Sox2 was expressed in 42% of specimens and was associated with poor prognosis of patients (P = 0.015). Stratified analysis showed that Sox2 expression correlated with shorter lifespan only in patients with cardiac gastric cancers (P = 0.002) or stage I or II gastric cancers (P = 0.002); but not in patients with non-cardiac cancers (P = 0.556) or stage III or IV gastric cancers (P = 0.121). Analysis on a database cohort validated the correlation between Sox2 expression and poor prognosis in stage II cancer. Also, expression of Sox2 was associated with lymphnode metastasis in patients with cardiac gastric cancer (P = 0.037). A multivariate analysis revealed that Sox2 was an independent prognostic factor in cardiac gastric cancer. Our results indicate that predictive value of Sox2 in gastric cancer is associated with cardiac cancer location and with early cancer stages (I and II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JQS); (LY)
| | - Jun-Feng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- GraduateCollege, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Kang
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Qin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qi He
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Department of Pathology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Qiu Sheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, PLA Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JQS); (LY)
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20
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Brunner C, Davies NM, Martin RM, Eeles R, Easton D, Kote‐Jarai Z, Al Olama AA, Benlloch S, Muir K, Giles G, Wiklund F, Gronberg H, Haiman CA, Schleutker J, Nordestgaard BG, Travis RC, Neal D, Donovan J, Hamdy FC, Pashayan N, Khaw K, Stanford JL, Blot WJ, Thibodeau S, Maier C, Kibel AS, Cybulski C, Cannon‐Albright L, Brenner H, Park J, Kaneva R, Batra J, Teixeira MR, Pandha H, Zuccolo L. Alcohol consumption and prostate cancer incidence and progression: A Mendelian randomisation study. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:75-85. [PMID: 27643404 PMCID: PMC5111609 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in developed countries, and is a target for risk reduction strategies. The effects of alcohol consumption on prostate cancer incidence and survival remain unclear, potentially due to methodological limitations of observational studies. In this study, we investigated the associations of genetic variants in alcohol-metabolising genes with prostate cancer incidence and survival. We analysed data from 23,868 men with prostate cancer and 23,051 controls from 25 studies within the international PRACTICAL Consortium. Study-specific associations of 68 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 8 alcohol-metabolising genes (Alcohol Dehydrogenases (ADHs) and Aldehyde Dehydrogenases (ALDHs)) with prostate cancer diagnosis and prostate cancer-specific mortality, by grade, were assessed using logistic and Cox regression models, respectively. The data across the 25 studies were meta-analysed using fixed-effect and random-effects models. We found little evidence that variants in alcohol metabolising genes were associated with prostate cancer diagnosis. Four variants in two genes exceeded the multiple testing threshold for associations with prostate cancer mortality in fixed-effect meta-analyses. SNPs within ALDH1A2 associated with prostate cancer mortality were rs1441817 (fixed effects hazard ratio, HRfixed = 0.78; 95% confidence interval (95%CI):0.66,0.91; p values = 0.002); rs12910509, HRfixed = 0.76; 95%CI:0.64,0.91; p values = 0.003); and rs8041922 (HRfixed = 0.76; 95%CI:0.64,0.91; p values = 0.002). These SNPs were in linkage disequilibrium with each other. In ALDH1B1, rs10973794 (HRfixed = 1.43; 95%CI:1.14,1.79; p values = 0.002) was associated with prostate cancer mortality in men with low-grade prostate cancer. These results suggest that alcohol consumption is unlikely to affect prostate cancer incidence, but it may influence disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Brunner
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Neil M. Davies
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard M. Martin
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- The NIHR Bristol Nutrition Biomedical Research UnitUniversity Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Rosalind Eeles
- The Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonSM2 5NGUnited Kingdom
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation TrustLondonSW3 6JJUnited Kingdom
| | - Doug Easton
- Strangeways Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Primary CareCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of CambridgeWorts CausewayCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Ali Amin Al Olama
- Strangeways Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Primary CareCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of CambridgeWorts CausewayCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Sara Benlloch
- Strangeways Laboratory, Department of Public Health and Primary CareCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of CambridgeWorts CausewayCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Muir
- Institute of Population Health, University of ManchesterManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | - Graham Giles
- The Cancer Council VictoriaCancer Epidemiology Centre1 Rathdowne StreetCarltonVicAustralia
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic EpidemiologyThe University of MelbourneVicAustralia
| | - Fredrik Wiklund
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Henrik Gronberg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Christopher A. Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterLos AngelesCA
| | - Johanna Schleutker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and GeneticsUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Institute of Biomedical Technology/BioMediTech, University of Tampere and FimLab LaboratoriesTampereFinland
| | - Børge G. Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical BiochemistryHerlev Hospital, Copenhagen University HospitalHerlev Ringvej 75DK‐2730HerlevDenmark
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - David Neal
- Surgical Oncology (Uro‐Oncology: S4)University of Cambridge, Box 279, Addenbrooke's HospitalHills RoadCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing CentreCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Jenny Donovan
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Freddie C. Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of SurgeryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Nora Pashayan
- Strangeways Laboratory, Department of OncologyCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, University of CambridgeWorts CausewayCambridgeUnited Kingdom
- Department of Applied Health ResearchUniversity College London1‐19 Torrington PlaceLondonWC1E 7HBUnited Kingdom
| | - Kay‐Tee Khaw
- Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of CambridgeForvie SiteRobinson WayCambridgeCB2 0SRUnited Kingdom
| | - Janet L. Stanford
- Division of Public Health SciencesFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA
| | - William J. Blot
- International Epidemiology Institute1455 Research Blvd, Suite 550RockvilleMD
| | | | - Christiane Maier
- Department of UrologyUniversity Hospital UlmGermany
- Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital UlmGermany
| | - Adam S. Kibel
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute45 Francis Street‐ASB II‐3BostonMA
- Washington UniversitySt LouisMO
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and PathologyInternational Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical UniversitySzczecinPoland
| | - Lisa Cannon‐Albright
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging ResearchGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Division of Preventive OncologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jong Park
- Division of Cancer Prevention and ControlH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center12902 Magnolia DrTampaFL
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine CenterMedical University Sofia2 Zdrave StSofia1431Bulgaria
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre‐Qld, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and Schools of Life Science and Public Health, Queensland University of TechnologyBNEAustralia
| | - Manuel R. Teixeira
- Department of GeneticsPortuguese Oncology Institute, Porto, Portugal and Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), Porto UniversityPortoPortugal
| | - Hardev Pandha
- The University of SurreyGuildfordSurreyGU2 7XHUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Luisa Zuccolo
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- MRC/University of Bristol Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
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