1
|
Miki A, Sakuma Y, Watanabe J, Endo K, Sasanuma H, Teratani T, Lefor AK, Shimizu A, Kitayama J, Yasuda Y, Sata N. Remnant liver function is associated with long-term survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatectomy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15637. [PMID: 37731041 PMCID: PMC10511401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42929-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
It is important to assess the prognosis and intervene before and after surgery in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aims to elucidate the association of outcomes and residual liver function after hepatectomy. A total of 176 patients who underwent the initial resection for hepatocellular carcinoma between January 2011 and March 2021 at Jichi Medical University were included. Hepatic clearance of the remnant liver was measured using 99mTc-galactosyl serum albumin scintigraphy. The log-rank test was used to analyze survival using the Kaplan-Meier method. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall survival were calculated using Cox's proportional hazard model. In multivariate analysis, microvascular invasion, intraoperative blood loss, and hepatic clearance of the remnant liver were independently associated with overall survival. Hepatic clearance of the remnant liver was independently associated with recurrence free survival. This is the first report to show that lower residual liver function is associated with shorter survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing hepatectomy. Preoperative determination of remnant liver function may allow assessment of prognosis in patients planned to undergo resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Preservation of liver functional reserve may be crucial for improved long-term outcomes after hepatectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Miki
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Yasunaru Sakuma
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Endo
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hideki Sasanuma
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Takumi Teratani
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Alan Kawarai Lefor
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimizu
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Joji Kitayama
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Yasuda
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu S, Zhao M, Zhao L, Li G. Development of a UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-hepatocellular carcinoma drugs and analgesics in human plasma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1136735. [PMID: 37324468 PMCID: PMC10264686 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1136735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, sorafenib, oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, lenvatinib, and donafenib are first-line drugs; regorafenib, apatinib, and cabozantinib are second-line drugs; and oxycodone, morphine, and fentanyl are commonly used analgesics. However, the high degree of inter- and intra-individual variability in the efficacy and toxicity of these drugs remains an urgent issue. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the most reliable technical means for evaluating drug safety and efficacy. Therefore, we developed an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous TDM of three chemotherapy drugs (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and capecitabin), six targeted drugs (sorafenib, donafenib, apatinib, cabozantinib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib), and three analgesics (morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone). We extracted 12 analytes and isotope internal standards (ISs) from plasma samples by magnetic solid phase extraction (mSPE) and separated them using a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 column with water containing 0.1% formic acid and methanol containing 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase. The analytical performance of our method in terms of sensitivity, linearity, specificity, carryover, precision, limit of quantification, matrix effect, accuracy, dilution integrity, extraction recovery, stability, and crosstalk of all the analytes under different conditions met all the criteria stipulated by the guidelines of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The response function was estimated at 10.0-10 000.0 ng/mL for sorafenib, donafenib, apatinib, cabozantinib, regorafenib, and lenvatinib, and 20.0-20 000.0 ng/mL for 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, capecitabin, morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone, with a correlation of > 0.9956 for all compounds. The precision and accuracy of all analytes were < 7.21% and 5.62%, respectively. Our study provides empirical support for a simple, reliable, specific, and suitable technique for clinical TDM and pharmacokinetics.
Collapse
|
3
|
Stipp MC, Kulik JD, Corso CR, Galindo CM, Adami ER, Evangelista AG, Luciano FB, Winnischofer SMB, Cadena SMSC, Sassaki GL, Acco A. Influence of red wine polysaccharides on cytochrome P450 enzymes and inflammatory parameters in tumor models. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124385. [PMID: 37060983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
The soluble fraction of polysaccharides from cabernet franc red wine (SFP) previously showed antitumoral effects by modulating the immune system. The present study tested the hypothesis that the SFP can regulate CYPs in vitro in HepG2 cells and in vivo in Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats. The SFP was used in the following protocols: (i) solid tumor, (ii) liquid tumor, and (iii) chemopreventive solid tumor. The SFP reduced solid tumor growth in both solid tumor protocols but did not inhibit liquid tumor development. The SFP reduced total CYP levels in the solid and liquid tumor protocols and reduced the gene expression of Cyp1a1 and Cyp2e1 in rats and CYP1A2 in HepG2 cells. An increase of N-acetylglucosaminidase activity was observed in all SFP-treated rats, and TNF-α levels increased in the solid tumor protocol in the vehicle, SFP, and vincristine (positive control) groups. The chemopreventive solid tumor protocol did not modify CYP levels in the liver or intestine or N-acetylglucosaminidase and myeloperoxidase activity in the liver. The in vitro digestion and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses suggested that SFP was minimally modified in the gastrointestinal system. In conclusion, SFP inhibited CYPs both in vivo and in vitro, likely as a result of its immunoinflammatory actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Danna Kulik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Claudia Rita Corso
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gholizadeh M, Mazlooman SR, Hadizadeh M, Drozdzik M, Eslami S. Detection of key mRNAs in liver tissue of hepatocellular carcinoma patients based on machine learning and bioinformatics analysis. MethodsX 2023; 10:102021. [PMID: 36713306 PMCID: PMC9879787 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
One methodology extensively used to develop biomarkers is the precise detection of highly responsive genes that can distinguish cancer samples from healthy samples. The purpose of this study was to screen for potential hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers based on non-fusion integrative multi-platform meta-analysis method. The gene expression profiles of liver tissue samples from two microarray platforms were initially analyzed using a meta-analysis based on an empirical Bayesian method to robust discover differentially expressed genes in HCC and non-tumor tissues. Then, using the bioinformatics technique of weighted correlation network analysis, the highly associated prioritized Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were clustered. Co-expression network and topological analysis were utilized to identify sub-clusters and confirm candidate genes. Next, a diagnostic model was developed and validated using a machine learning algorithm. To construct a prognostic model, the Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was applied and validated. We identified three genes as specific biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC based on accuracy and feasibility. The diagnostic model's area under the curve was 0.931 with confidence interval of 0.923-0.952.•Non-fusion integrative multi-platform meta-analysis method.•Classification methods and biomarkers recognition via machine learning method.•Biomarker validation models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Gholizadeh
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91388-13944, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mazlooman
- Department of Computer Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893780, Iran
| | - Morteza Hadizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Marek Drozdzik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin 70-111, Poland,Corresponding authors.
| | - Saeid Eslami
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91388-13944, Iran,Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rey-Bedon C, Banik P, Gokaltun A, Hofheinz O, Yarmush ML, Uygun MK, Usta OB. CYP450 drug inducibility in NAFLD via an in vitro hepatic model: Understanding drug-drug interactions in the fatty liver. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112377. [PMID: 35062050 PMCID: PMC8792443 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-drug-interactions (DDIs) occur when a drug alters the metabolic rate, efficacy, and toxicity of concurrently used drugs. While almost 1 in 4 adults now use at least 3 concurrent prescription drugs in the United States, the Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence has also risen over 25%. The effect of NALFD on DDIs is largely unknown. NAFLD is characterized by lipid vesicle accumulation in the liver, which can progress to severe steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatic carcinoma. The CYP450 enzyme family dysregulation in NAFLD, which might already alter the efficacy and toxicity of drugs, has been partially characterized. Nevertheless, the drug-induced dysregulation of CYP450 enzymes has not been studied in the fatty liver. These changes in enzymatic inducibility during NAFLD, when taking concurrent drugs, could cause unexpected fatalities through inadvertent DDIs. We have, thus, developed an in vitro model to investigate the CYP450 transcriptional regulation in NAFLD. Specifically, we cultured primary human hepatocytes in a medium containing free fatty acids, high glucose, and insulin for seven days. These cultures displayed intracellular macro-steatosis after 5 days and cytokine secretion resembling NAFLD patients. We further verified the model's dysregulation in the transcription of key CYP450 enzymes. We then exposed the NAFLD model to the drug inducers rifampicin, Omeprazole, and Phenytoin as activators of transcription factors pregnane X receptor (PXR), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), respectively. In the NAFLD model, Omeprazole maintained an expected induction of CYP1A1, however Phenytoin and Rifampicin showed elevated induction of CYP2B6 and CYP2C9 compared to healthy cultures. We, thus, conclude that the fatty liver could cause aggravated drug-drug interactions in NAFLD or NASH patients related to CYP2B6 and CYP2C9 enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Rey-Bedon
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Peony Banik
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Aslihan Gokaltun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06532 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Hofheinz
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - Martin L Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - M Korkut Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, United States
| | - O Berk Usta
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States; Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA 02114, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Potential pathogenetic link between angiomyofibroblastoma and superficial myofibroblastoma in the female lower genital tract based on a novel MTG1-CYP2E1 fusion. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:2222-2228. [PMID: 34385605 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Angiomyofibroblastoma and superficial myofibroblastoma are distinctive benign mesenchymal tumors occurring in the female lower genital tract. Despite their significant overlapping clinicopathologic features, including the presence of bland-looking spindle or oval cells with myofibroblastic or myoid differentiation, the tumors have been regarded as separate entities. Although subepithelial, hormone-sensitive mesenchymal cells of the female lower genital tract are considered as their potential common progenitor cells, their potential kinship or pathogenetic similarities remain elusive. Based on the identification of a novel RNA sequencing-based MTG1-CYP2E1 fusion transcript in an angiomyofibroblastoma index case, we investigated an additional ten samples of the tumor and its site-specific histological mimics, including eight superficial myofibroblastomas, four deep angiomyxomas, four cellular angiofibromas, three fibroepithelial stromal polyps, and eight non-site-specific mesenchymal tumors occurring in the female lower genital tract. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we showed that the MTG1-CYP2E1 fusion transcripts were consistently detectable in angiomyofibroblastomas (5/5, 100%) and often in superficial myofibroblastomas (3/5, 60%) but were not detected in the other examined site-specific or non-site-specific mesenchymal tumors. Our immunohistochemical experiments showed that CYP2E1, an isoenzyme belonging to the cytochrome P450 superfamily, exhibited increased positivity in tumors with MTG1-CYP2E1 than was observed in fusion-negative tumors (RR = 6.56, p = 0.001). The results of our study provide further evidence supporting the assertion that angiomyofibroblastoma and superficial myofibroblastoma represent phenotypic variants of site-specific mesenchymal tumors and share a common oncogenic mechanism.
Collapse
|
7
|
Krkoška M, Svobodová J, Kabátková M, Zapletal O, Hyršlová Vaculová A, Nekvindová J, Vondráček J. Deregulation of signaling pathways controlling cell survival and proliferation in cancer cells alters induction of cytochrome P450 family 1 enzymes. Toxicology 2021; 461:152897. [PMID: 34403729 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) enzymes contribute both to metabolism of xenobiotics and to the control of endogenous levels of ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Their activities, similar to other CYPs, can be altered in tumor tissues. Here, we examined a possible role of proliferative/survival pathways signaling, which is often deregulated in tumor cells, and possible links with p300 histone acetyltransferase (a transcriptional co-activator) in the control of CYP1 expression, focusing particularly on CYP1A1. Using cell models derived from human liver, we observed that the induction of CYP1A1 expression, as well as other CYP1 enzymes, was reduced in exponentially growing cells, as compared with their non-dividing counterparts. The siRNA-mediated inhibition of proliferation/pro-survival signaling pathway effectors (such as β-catenin and/or Hippo pathway effectors YAP/TAZ) increased the AhR ligand-induced CYP1A1 mRNA levels in liver HepaRG cells, and/or in colon carcinoma HCT-116 cells. The activation of proliferative Wnt/β-catenin signaling in HCT-116 cells reduced both the induction of CYP1 enzymes and the binding of p300 to the promoter of CYP1A1 or CYP1B1 genes. These results seem to indicate that aberrant proliferative signaling in tumor cells could suppress induction of CYP1A1 (or other CYP1 enzymes) via competition for p300 binding. This mechanism could be involved in modulation of the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous substrates of CYP1A1 (and other CYP1 enzymes), with possible further consequences for alterations of the AhR signaling in tumor cells, or additional functional roles of CYP1 enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Krkoška
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Svobodová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Kabátková
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Zapletal
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Hyršlová Vaculová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Nekvindová
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hsu SH, Cheng AC, Chang TY, Pao LH, Hsiong CH, Wang HJ. Precisely adjusting the hepatic clearance of highly extracted drugs using the modified well-stirred model. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111855. [PMID: 34229248 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic clearance has been widely studied for over 50 yr. Many models have been developed using either theoretical or empirical tests to predict drug metabolism. The well-stirred, parallel-tube, and dispersion metabolic models have been extensively discussed. However, to our knowledge, these models cannot fully describe all relevant scenarios in hepatic clearance. We addressed this issue using the isolated perfused rat liver technique with minor modifications. Diazepam was selected to illustrate different levels of drug plasma-protein binding by changing the added concentration of human serum albumin. The free fractions of diazepam at different albumin concentrations were assayed by rapid equilibrium dialysis. The experimental data provide new insights concerning an accepted formula used to describe hepatic clearance. Regarding drug concentrations passing through the liver, the driving force concentration (CH,ss) in terms of Cin (influx in the liver) or Cout (efflux from the liver) needs to be carefully considered when determining drug hepatic and intrinsic clearances. The newly established model, termed the modified well-stirred model, which was derived from the original formula, successfully estimated hepatic drug metabolism. Using the modified well-stirred model, a theoretical driving force concentration of diazepam passing through the liver was evaluated. The model was further used to assess the predictability of in vitro to in vivo extrapolation. This study was not intended to refute the existing models, but rather to augment them using experimental data. The results stress the importance of proper calculation of dose when the drug clearance deviates from the prediction of the well-stirred model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hao Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - An-Chun Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tien-Yu Chang
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Heng Pao
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | - Hong-Jaan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China; Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vasilogianni AM, Achour B, Scotcher D, Peters SA, Al-Majdoub ZM, Barber J, Rostami-Hodjegan A. Hepatic Scaling Factors for In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation of Metabolic Drug Clearance in Patients with Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastasis. Drug Metab Dispos 2021; 49:563-571. [PMID: 33980603 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) linked with physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) modeling is used to predict the fates of drugs in patients. Ideally, the IVIVE-PBPK models should incorporate systems information accounting for characteristics of the specific target population. There is a paucity of such scaling factors in cancer, particularly microsomal protein per gram of liver (MPPGL) and cytosolic protein per gram of liver (CPPGL). In this study, cancerous and histologically normal liver tissue from 16 patients with colorectal liver metastasis were fractionated to microsomes and cytosol. Protein content was measured in homogenates, microsomes, and cytosol. The loss of microsomal protein during fractionation was accounted for using corrections based on NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase activity in different matrices. MPPGL was significantly lower in cancerous tissue (24.8 ± 9.8 mg/g) than histologically normal tissue (39.0 ± 13.8 mg/g). CPPGL in cancerous tissue was 42.1 ± 12.9 mg/g compared with 56.2 ± 16.9 mg/g in normal tissue. No correlations between demographics (sex, age, and body mass index) and MPPGL or CPPGL were apparent in the data. The generated scaling factors together with assumptions regarding the relative volumes of cancerous versus noncancerous tissue were used to simulate plasma exposure of drugs with different extraction ratios. The PBPK simulations revealed a substantial difference in drug exposure (area under the curve), up to 3.3-fold, when using typical scaling factors (healthy population) instead of disease-related parameters in cancer population. These indicate the importance of using population-specific scalars in IVIVE-PBPK for different disease states. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Accuracy in predicting the fate of drugs from in vitro data using IVIVE-PBPK depends on using correct scaling factors. The values for two of such scalars, namely microsomal and cytosolic protein per gram of liver, is not known in patients with cancer. This study presents, for the first time, scaling factors from cancerous and matched histologically normal livers. PBPK simulations of various metabolically cleared drugs demonstrate the necessity of population-specific scaling for model-informed precision dosing in oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Areti-Maria Vasilogianni
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.-M.V., B.A., D.S., Z.M.A.-M., J.B., A.R.-H.); Translational Quantitative Pharmacology, BioPharma, R&D Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (S.A.P.); and Certara, Inc. (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.R.-H.)
| | - Brahim Achour
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.-M.V., B.A., D.S., Z.M.A.-M., J.B., A.R.-H.); Translational Quantitative Pharmacology, BioPharma, R&D Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (S.A.P.); and Certara, Inc. (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.R.-H.)
| | - Daniel Scotcher
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.-M.V., B.A., D.S., Z.M.A.-M., J.B., A.R.-H.); Translational Quantitative Pharmacology, BioPharma, R&D Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (S.A.P.); and Certara, Inc. (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.R.-H.)
| | - Sheila Annie Peters
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.-M.V., B.A., D.S., Z.M.A.-M., J.B., A.R.-H.); Translational Quantitative Pharmacology, BioPharma, R&D Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (S.A.P.); and Certara, Inc. (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.R.-H.)
| | - Zubida M Al-Majdoub
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.-M.V., B.A., D.S., Z.M.A.-M., J.B., A.R.-H.); Translational Quantitative Pharmacology, BioPharma, R&D Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (S.A.P.); and Certara, Inc. (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.R.-H.)
| | - Jill Barber
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.-M.V., B.A., D.S., Z.M.A.-M., J.B., A.R.-H.); Translational Quantitative Pharmacology, BioPharma, R&D Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (S.A.P.); and Certara, Inc. (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.R.-H.)
| | - Amin Rostami-Hodjegan
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom (A.-M.V., B.A., D.S., Z.M.A.-M., J.B., A.R.-H.); Translational Quantitative Pharmacology, BioPharma, R&D Global Early Development, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany (S.A.P.); and Certara, Inc. (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.R.-H.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang HF, Zhu LL, Yang XB, Gao N, Fang Y, Wen Q, Qiao HL. Variation in the expression of cytochrome P450-related miRNAs and transcriptional factors in human livers: Correlation with cytochrome P450 gene phenotypes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 412:115389. [PMID: 33385404 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene expression exhibits large interindividual variation attributable to diverse regulatory factors including microRNAs (miRNAs) and hepatic transcription factors (TFs). We used real-time qPCR with 106 human liver samples to measure the expression and interindividual variation of seven miRNAs and four TFs that have been reported to regulate the expression of CYPs; we also identified factors that influence their expression. The results show that expression of the seven miRNAs and the four TFs exhibits a non-normal distribution and the expression variability is high (89- to 618-fold for miRNA and 12- to 85-fold for TFs). Age contributed to the interindividual variation for miR-148a, miR-27b and miR-34a, whereas cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption significantly reduced HNF4α mRNA levels. Association analysis showed significant correlations among the seven miRNAs as well as the four TFs. Furthermore, we systematically evaluated the impact of the seven miRNAs and four TFs on protein content, mRNA levels, translation efficiency and activity of 10 CYPs. The results show that numerous associations (positive and negative) are present between the seven miRNAs or the four TFs and the 10 CYP phenotypes (as indicated by mRNA, protein and activity); specifically, miR-27b, miR-34a and all four TFs played key roles in the interindividual variation of CYPs. Our results extend previous findings and suggest that miR-27b and miR-34a may be potential direct or indirect master regulators of CYP expression and thereby contribute to the interindividual variations in CYP-mediated drug metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Li-Li Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Bei Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Ling Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stipp MC, Acco A. Involvement of cytochrome P450 enzymes in inflammation and cancer: a review. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 87:295-309. [PMID: 33112969 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are responsible for the biotransformation of drugs, xenobiotics, and endogenous substances. This enzymatic activity can be modulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, modifying the organism's response to medications. Among the factors that are responsible for enzyme inhibition or induction is the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), from macrophages, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. These cells are also present in the tumor microenvironment, participating in the development of cancer, a disease that is characterized by cellular mutations that favor cell survival and proliferation. Mutations also occur in CYP enzymes, resulting in enzymatic polymorphisms and modulation of their activity. Therefore, the inhibition or induction of CYP enzymes by proinflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment can promote carcinogenesis and affect chemotherapy, resulting in adverse effects, toxicity, or therapeutic failure. This review discusses the relevance of CYPs in hepatocarcinoma, breast cancer, lung cancer, and chemotherapy by reviewing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. We also discuss the importance of elucidating the relationships between inflammation, CYPs, and cancer to predict drug interactions and therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carolina Stipp
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, CuritibaCuritiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, PO Box 19031, CuritibaCuritiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dame K, Ribeiro AJ. Microengineered systems with iPSC-derived cardiac and hepatic cells to evaluate drug adverse effects. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 246:317-331. [PMID: 32938227 PMCID: PMC7859673 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220959598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic and cardiac drug adverse effects are among the leading causes of attrition in drug development programs, in part due to predictive failures of current animal or in vitro models. Hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold promise for predicting clinical drug effects, given their human-specific properties and their ability to harbor genetically determined characteristics that underlie inter-individual variations in drug response. Currently, the fetal-like properties and heterogeneity of hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes differentiated from iPSCs make them physiologically different from their counterparts isolated from primary tissues and limit their use for predicting clinical drug effects. To address this hurdle, there have been ongoing advances in differentiation and maturation protocols to improve the quality and use of iPSC-differentiated lineages. Among these are in vitro hepatic and cardiac cellular microsystems that can further enhance the physiology of cultured cells, can be used to better predict drug adverse effects, and investigate drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics to facilitate successful drug development. In this article, we discuss how cellular microsystems can establish microenvironments for these applications and propose how they could be used for potentially controlling the differentiation of hepatocytes or cardiomyocytes. The physiological relevance of cells is enhanced in cellular microsystems by simulating properties of tissue microenvironments, such as structural dimensionality, media flow, microfluidic control of media composition, and co-cultures with interacting cell types. Recent studies demonstrated that these properties also affect iPSC differentiations and we further elaborate on how they could control differentiation efficiency in microengineered devices. In summary, we describe recent advances in the field of cellular microsystems that can control the differentiation and maturation of hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes for drug evaluation. We also propose how future research with iPSCs within engineered microenvironments could enable their differentiation for scalable evaluations of drug effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keri Dame
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translation Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Alexandre Js Ribeiro
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translation Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pan J, Lu Y, Zhang S, Li Y, Sun J, Liu HC, Gong Z, Huang J, Cao C, Wang Y, Li Y, Liu T. Differential changes in the pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinoma model rats. Xenobiotica 2020; 50:1251-1257. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1765049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guizhou Medical University, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yueting Li
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Chunhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zipeng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chuang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yonglin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics of Guizhou Provincial, State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nekvindova J, Mrkvicova A, Zubanova V, Hyrslova Vaculova A, Anzenbacher P, Soucek P, Radova L, Slaby O, Kiss I, Vondracek J, Spicakova A, Bohovicova L, Fabian P, Kala Z, Palicka V. Hepatocellular carcinoma: Gene expression profiling and regulation of xenobiotic-metabolizing cytochromes P450. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113912. [PMID: 32173367 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a highly prevalent and deadly disease, being among the top causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the fact that the liver is the major site of biotransformation, studies on drug metabolizing enzymes in HCC are scarce. It is known that malignant transformation of hepatocytes leads to a significant alteration of their metabolic functions and overall deregulation of gene expression. Advanced stages of the disease are thus frequently associated with liver failure, and severe alteration of drug metabolism. However, the impact of dysregulation of metabolic enzymes on therapeutic efficacy and toxicity in HCC patients is largely unknown. Here we demonstrate a significant down-regulation in European Caucasian patients of cytochromes P450 (CYPs), the major xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, in HCC tumour samples as compared to their surrounding non-cancerous (reference) tissue. Moreover, we report for the first time the association of the unique CYP profiles with specific transcriptome changes, and interesting correlations with expression levels of nuclear receptors and with the histological grade of the tumours. Integrated analysis has suggested certain co-expression profiles of CYPs with lncRNAs that need to be further characterized. Patients with large tumours with down-regulated CYPs could be more vulnerable to drug toxicity; on the other hand, such tumours would eliminate drugs more slowly and should be more sensitive to pharmacotherapy (except in the case of pro-drugs where activation is necessary).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Nekvindova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Mrkvicova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Zubanova
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Hyrslova Vaculova
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Anzenbacher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Soucek
- Center for Toxicology and Health Safety, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic; Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Radova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Igor Kiss
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Vondracek
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Alena Spicakova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucia Bohovicova
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Fabian
- Department of Oncological and Experimental Pathology, Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladimir Palicka
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Heintz MM, McRee R, Kumar R, Baldwin WS. Gender differences in diet-induced steatotic disease in Cyp2b-null mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229896. [PMID: 32155178 PMCID: PMC7064244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease; however, progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with most adverse outcomes. CYP2B metabolizes multiple xeno- and endobiotics, and male Cyp2b-null mice are diet-induced obese (DIO) with increased NAFLD. However, the DIO study was not performed long enough to assess progression to NASH. Therefore, to assess the role of Cyp2b in fatty liver disease progression from NAFLD to NASH, we treated wildtype (WT) and Cyp2b-null mice with a normal diet (ND) or choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined high fat diet (CDAHFD) for 8 weeks and determined metabolic and molecular changes. CDAHFD-fed WT female mice gained more weight and had greater liver and white adipose tissue mass than their Cyp2b-null counterparts; males experienced diet-induced weight loss regardless of genotype. Serum biomarkers of liver injury increased in both CDAHFD-fed female and male mice; however CDAHFD-fed Cyp2b-null females exhibited significantly lower serum ALT, AST, and ASP concentrations compared to WT mice, indicating Cyp2b-null females were protected from liver injury. In both genders, hierarchical clustering of RNA-seq data demonstrates several gene ontologies responded differently in CDAHFD-fed Cyp2b-null mice compared to WT mice (lipid metabolism > fibrosis > inflammation). Oil Red O staining and direct triglycerides measurements confirmed that CDAHFD-fed Cyp2b-null females were protected from NAFLD. CDAHFD-fed Cyp2b-null mice showed equivocal changes in fibrosis with transcriptomic and serum markers suggesting less inflammation due to glucocorticoid-mediated repression of immune responses. In contrast to females, CDAHFD-fed Cyp2b-null males had higher triglyceride levels. Results indicate that female Cyp2b-null mice are protected from NAFLD while male Cyp2b-null mice are more susceptible to NAFLD, with few significant changes in NASH development. This study confirms that increased NAFLD development does not necessarily lead to progressive NASH. Furthermore, it indicates a role for Cyp2b in fatty liver disease that differs based on gender.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Heintz
- Environmental Toxicology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
| | - Rebecca McRee
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
| | - Ramiya Kumar
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
| | - William S. Baldwin
- Environmental Toxicology Program, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang RY, Chen XW, Zhang WW, Jiang F, Liu MQ, Shen XB. CYP2E1 changes the biological function of gastric cancer cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:842-850. [PMID: 31974627 PMCID: PMC6947835 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the role of cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E polypeptide 1 (CYP2E1) in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). The expression levels of CYP2E1 in MGC‑803 GC cells and normal GES‑1 cells were investigated via western blotting, and it was identified that the expression of CYP2E1 was different between GES‑1 and MGC‑803 cells. CYP2E1 was overexpressed in MGC‑803 cells using a lentiviral vector GV358. Cell Counting Kit‑8, flow cytometry, cell migration and Matrigel invasion assays suggested that overexpression of CYP2E1 promoted the proliferation and invasion, and inhibited the apoptosis of GC cells. The relationship between CYP2E1 expression and key signaling molecules in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was assessed. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR analysis showed that mTOR mRNA expression was significantly increased after overexpression of CYP2E1 (P<0.05). Western blotting results showed that overexpression of CYP2E1 upregulated the expression of phosphorylated (p)‑Akt, p‑mTOR and p‑p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (P70S6K; Ser371) proteins (P<0.05). To further investigate the relationship between CYP2E1 and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in GC cells, MGC‑803 cells were treated with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002, and changes in the expression levels of PI3K, AKT, mTOR, P70S6K and CYP2E1 were observed. The present results showed that LY294002 downregulated the expression of PI3K, CYP2E1, AKT, mTOR and P70S6K (P<0.05). Therefore, changes in the biological function of GC cells induced by CYP2E1 overexpression may be via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fang Y, Wang T, Guo YY, Zhang HF, Wen Q, Xing YR, Gao N, Qiao HL. From Genotype to Phenotype: Content and Activities of Cytochromes P450 2A6 in Human Liver In Vitro and Predicted In Vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 372:320-330. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.263152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
18
|
Guo Y, Xu C, Fang Y, Wang C, Gao N, Wen Q, Qiao H. High CYP2E1 activity aggravates hepatofibrosis by limiting macrophage polarization towards the M2 phenotype. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1481-1491. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.23029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan‐yuan Guo
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou China
| | - Chen Xu
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou China
| | - Yan Fang
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou China
| | - Cai‐e Wang
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou China
| | - Hai‐ling Qiao
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xiao K, Gao J, Weng SJ, Fang Y, Gao N, Wen Q, Jin H, Qiao HL. CYP3A4/5 Activity Probed with Testosterone and Midazolam: Correlation between Two Substrates at the Microsomal and Enzyme Levels. Mol Pharm 2018; 16:382-392. [PMID: 30517006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone (TST) and midazolam (MDZ) are widely used as probes to detect CYP3A4/5 activity, but the data acquired with these two substrates do not correlate well at the microsomal level (per milligram of microsomal protein), and the reason is unclear. In this study, CYP3A4/5 activity was probed with TST and MDZ at the microsomal and enzyme levels (per picomole of CYP3A4/5) in 72 human liver samples. Correlation coefficients were lower in Vmax and CLint at the microsomal level, as compared with those at the enzyme level ( Vmax 0.658 vs 0.883; CLint no correlation vs 0.796). Compared with TST, MDZ was found to correlate better with the content of CYP3A4/5 (no correlation vs 0.431) and CYP3A5 (no correlation vs 0.447), and huge variations in enzyme content existed among different genotypes, which explained the lower degree of correlation at the microsomal level. In addition, different genotypes had varying effects on activity at the enzyme level, whereas the difference between activity at the enzyme level probed with TST and that probed with MDZ was not obvious ( P > 0.05), indicating that the effect of gene polymorphisms on correlation between activity probed with these two substrates was limited at the enzyme level. In conclusion, our study demonstrates a high degree of correlation between CYP3A4/5 activity probed with TST and MDZ at the enzyme level but not at the microsomal level and allows us to correctly understand the influence of gene polymorphisms on the correlations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450052 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450052 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Jia Weng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450052 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450052 , People's Republic of China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450052 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450052 , People's Republic of China
| | - Han Jin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450052 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ling Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450052 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fang Y, Gao J, Wang T, Tian X, Gao N, Zhou J, Zhang HF, Wen Q, Jin H, Xing YR, Qiao HL. Intraindividual Variation and Correlation of Cytochrome P450 Activities in Human Liver Microsomes. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5312-5318. [PMID: 30346185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We systematically studied and explored intraindividual variation and correlation in the activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) using 105 normal liver samples. The intraindividual percentage coefficients of variation of relative Km, Vmax, and CLint were 45.9% (18.3-140%), 44.0% (16.8-127%), and 52.0% (24.2-134%). Overall values of relative Km, Vmax, and CLint for 10 CYPs were sorted. The order, from highest to lowest, was CYP2D6, 3A4/5, 2C19, 2C9, 2B6, 1A2, 2A6, 2C8, and 2E1 for Km; CYP3A4/5, 2C19, 2D6, 2C8, 2E1, 2B6, 1A2, 2A6, and 2C9 for Vmax; and CYP2D6, 2B6, 3A4/5, 2C19, 2C9, 1A2, 2E1, 2C8, and 2A6 for CLint. CYP2A6*4, 2B6 785A>G, and 2D6 100C>T contributed to intraindividual variation of CYP activities. The correlations and similarities among 10 CYP activities were analyzed, and it was found that the highest correlation and similarity for Vmax, Km, and CLint occurred between CYP2C9 and 2C8, CYP2C9 and 1A2, and CYP2C9 and 2C8, respectively. In conclusion, CYP activities exhibit considerable intraindividual variation, with some notable correlations, which might be helpful to comprehensively understand the internal connection among CYP activities and to guide the rational use of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Jie Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Tong Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Xin Tian
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Han Jin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Yu-Rong Xing
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| | - Hai-Ling Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , 450052 Henan , China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gao J, Wang Z, Wang GJ, Gao N, Li J, Zhang YF, Zhou J, Zhang HX, Wen Q, Jin H, Qiao HL. From hepatofibrosis to hepatocarcinogenesis: Higher cytochrome P450 2E1 activity is a potential risk factor. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1371-1382. [PMID: 29917271 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Gao-Ju Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
- Affiliated Provincial People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Hong-Xin Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Han Jin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Hai-Ling Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xu C, Gao J, Zhang HF, Gao N, Guo YY, Fang Y, Wen Q, Qiao HL. Content and Activities of UGT2B7 in Human Liver In Vitro and Predicted In Vivo: A Bottom-Up Approach. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1351-1359. [PMID: 29929994 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.082024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7) is one of the most significant isoforms of UGTs in human liver. This research measured UGT2B7 protein content and activities, including maximum velocity (Vmax) and intrinsic clearance (CLint), in human liver at isoform, microsomal, liver tissue, and liver levels and identified the factors that influence expression. We determined absolute protein content by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy and activities using the probe drug zidovudine in 82 normal human liver microsomes. Using a bottom-up method for derivation, we showed UGT2B7 content at the microsomal, liver tissue, and liver levels, as well as activities at the isoform, microsomal, liver tissue, and liver levels in vitro, and predicted hepatic clearance in vivo, with median, range, variation, and 95% and 50% prediction intervals. With regard to the intrinsic activities, the maximum velocity (Vmax) had a median (range) of 7.5 (2-24) pmol/min per picomole of 2B7, and the CLint was 0.08 (0.02-0.31) μl/min per picomole of 2B7. Determinations at liver level showed larger variations than at microsomal level, so it was more suitable for evaluating individual differences. By analyzing factors that affect UGT2B7, we found that: 1) The content at the liver tissue and liver levels correlated positively with activities; 2) the mutant heterozygotes of -327G>A, -900A>G, -161C>T may lead to decreased protein content and increased intrinsic CLint; and 3) the transcription factor pregnane X receptor mRNA expression level was positively associated with the measured protein content. In all, we showed that protein content and activities at different levels and the factors that influence content provide valuable information for UGT2B7 research and clinically individualized medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Fang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ling Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ye X, Wang X, Shang L, Zhu G, Su H, Han C, Qin W, Li G, Peng T. Genetic variants of ALDH2-rs671 and CYP2E1-rs2031920 contributed to risk of hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility in a Chinese population. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1037-1050. [PMID: 29765251 PMCID: PMC5942392 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s162105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) have been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) susceptibility and prognosis. The polymorphisms ALDH2 rs671 and CYP2E1 rs2031920 are reportedly correlated with the prevalence of HCC in other countries. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between ALDH2 and CYP2E1, and HCC susceptibility in a population of Guangxi, southern China, an area with a high incidence of HCC. Patients and methods The study cohort included 300 HCC cases, 292 healthy controls for HCC susceptibility analysis, and another 20 HCC cases and 10 healthy controls for ascertainment. Genotyping was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results The study results demonstrated that mutant genotypes of ALDH2 (G/A and A/A) led to significant differences in HCC susceptibility, as compared with the wild genotype (G/G) with the same C1/C1 genotype in non-drinking individuals (adjusted P=0.010, OR=0.20, 95% CI=0.06–0.68). The mutant genotypes of CYP2E1 (C1/C2 and C2/C2) brought about significant differences in HCC susceptibility, as compared with the wild genotype (C1/C1) and the same G/G genotype (adjusted P=0.025, OR=0.42, 95% CI=0.20–0.90). Drinking plays a role in HCC susceptibility in the same G/G genotype individuals (adjusted P=0.004, OR=0.32, 95% CI=0.15–0.69), but had no impact when combined with CYP2E1 for analysis (all P>0.05). Conclusion These results suggest that the mutant genotypes of ALDH2 and CYP2E1 may be protective factors for HCC susceptibility in Guangxi province, China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xiangkun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Liming Shang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Chuangye Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang G, Xiao K, Gao J, Jiang S, Wang S, Weng S, Xu C, Wang T, Qiao HL. Inhibitory effect of chlormethiazole on the toxicokinetics of diethylnitrosamine in normal and hepatofibrotic rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 42:600-607. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1455204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoju Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shijia Weng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Ling Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gao J, Wang Z, Wang GJ, Zhang HX, Gao N, Wang J, Wang CE, Chang Z, Fang Y, Zhang YF, Zhou J, Jin H, Qiao HL. Higher CYP2E1 Activity Correlates with Hepatocarcinogenesis Induced by Diethylnitrosamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:398-407. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.245555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
|
26
|
Gao J, Wang GJ, Wang Z, Gao N, Li J, Zhang YF, Zhou J, Zhang HX, Wen Q, Jin H, Qiao HL. High CYP2E1 activity correlates with hepatofibrogenesis induced by nitrosamines. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112199-112210. [PMID: 29348818 PMCID: PMC5762503 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatofibrosis, which leads to cirrhosis and eventual hepatocellular carcinoma, is a common response to chronic toxin-mediated liver injury. Nitrosamines are potent hepatotoxic agents that cause necrosis and subsequent fibrosis in the liver as a result of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-dependent metabolism, which generates toxic metabolites that form adducts with nucleic acids, leading to hepatotoxicity and mutagenesis. Herein, CYP2E1 activity and content were determined in fibrotic liver tissue from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The relationship between CYP2E1 innate activity and hepatofibrogenesis was evaluated, the effect of inhibition of CYP2E1 activity on hepatofibrosis was determined in a Sprague-Dawley rat model of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatofibrosis. The results demonstrated that the CYP2E1 activities in human fibrotic tissues are significantly higher than that in normal liver tissues. In rats treated with diethylnitrosamine, the livers demonstrated various degree of fibrotic changes and collagen deposition in individual rats. The Ishak score, which determines the stage of fibrosis, correlated with CYP2E1 innate activity, with greater fibrosis in rat livers with higher CYP2E1 innate activity. Inhibition of CYP2E1 during diethylnitrosamine treatment decreased hepatofibrosis and there was an inverse correlation between the degree of inhibition and the extent of hepatofibrosis. Therefore, high CYP2E1 activity is a risk factor for hepatofibrogenesis induced by nitrosamines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gao-Ju Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Affiliated Provincial People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hong-Xin Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Han Jin
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hai-Ling Qiao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Prediction of cytochrome P450-mediated drug clearance in humans based on the measured activities of selected CYPs. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20171161. [PMID: 29054967 PMCID: PMC5696450 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Determining drug-metabolizing enzyme activities on an individual basis is an important component of personalized medicine, and cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) play a principal role in hepatic drug metabolism. Herein, a simple method for predicting the major CYP-mediated drug clearance in vitro and in vivo is presented. Ten CYP-mediated drug metabolic activities in human liver microsomes (HLMs) from 105 normal liver samples were determined. The descriptive models for predicting the activities of these CYPs in HLMs were developed solely on the basis of the measured activities of a smaller number of more readily assayed CYPs. The descriptive models then were combined with the Conventional Bias Corrected in vitro–in vivo extrapolation method to extrapolate drug clearance in vivo. The Vmax, Km, and CLint of six CYPs (CYP2A6, 2C8, 2D6, 2E1, and 3A4/5) could be predicted by measuring the activities of four CYPs (CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C9, and 2C19) in HLMs. Based on the predicted CLint, the values of CYP2A6-, 2C8-, 2D6-, 2E1-, and 3A4/5-mediated drug clearance in vivo were extrapolated and found that the values for all five drugs were close to the observed clearance in vivo. The percentage of extrapolated values of clearance in vivo which fell within 2-fold of the observed clearance ranged from 75.2% to 98.1%. These findings suggest that measuring the activity of CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C9, and 2C19 allowed us to accurately predict CYP2A6-, 2C8-, 2D6-, 2E1-, and 3A4/5-mediated activities in vitro and in vivo and may possibly be helpful for the assessment of an individual’s drug metabolic profile.
Collapse
|
28
|
Cobbina E, Akhlaghi F. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) - pathogenesis, classification, and effect on drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Drug Metab Rev 2017; 49:197-211. [PMID: 28303724 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2017.1293683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of liver disorders. It is defined by the presence of steatosis in more than 5% of hepatocytes with little or no alcohol consumption. Insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes and genetic variants of PNPLA3 or TM6SF2 seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The pathological progression of NAFLD follows tentatively a "three-hit" process namely steatosis, lipotoxicity and inflammation. The presence of steatosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators like TNF-α and IL-6 has been implicated in the alterations of nuclear factors such as CAR, PXR, PPAR-α in NAFLD. These factors may result in altered expression and activity of drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) or transporters. Existing evidence suggests that the effect of NAFLD on CYP3A4, CYP2E1 and MRP3 is more consistent across rodent and human studies. CYP3A4 activity is down-regulated in NASH whereas the activity of CYP2E1 and the efflux transporter MRP3 is up-regulated. However, it is not clear how the majority of CYPs, UGTs, SULTs and transporters are influenced by NAFLD either in vivo or in vitro. The alterations associated with NAFLD could be a potential source of drug variability in patients and could have serious implications for the safety and efficacy of xenobiotics. In this review, we summarize the effects of NAFLD on the regulation, expression and activity of major DMEs and transporters. We also discuss the potential mechanisms underlying these alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enoch Cobbina
- a Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| | - Fatemeh Akhlaghi
- a Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI , USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gao J, Tian X, Zhou J, Cui MZ, Zhang HF, Gao N, Wen Q, Qiao HL. From Genotype to Phenotype: Cytochrome P450 2D6-Mediated Drug Clearance in Humans. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:649-657. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Cui
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Na Gao
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Hai-Ling Qiao
- Institute
of Clinical Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
Despite the central role of the liver in drug metabolism, surprisingly there is lack of certainty in anticipating the extent of modification of the clearance of a given drug in a given patient. The intent of this review is to provide a conceptual framework in considering the impact of liver disease on drug disposition and reciprocally the impact of drug disposition on liver disease. It is proposed that improved understanding of the situation is gained by considering the issue as a special example of a drug-gene-environment interaction. This requires an integration of knowledge of the drug's properties, knowledge of the gene products involved in its metabolism, and knowledge of the pathophysiology of its disposition. This will enhance the level of predictability of drug disposition and toxicity for a drug of interest in an individual patient. It is our contention that advances in pharmacology, pharmacogenomics, and hepatology, together with concerted interests in the academic, regulatory, and pharmaceutical industry communities provide an ideal immediate environment to move from a qualitative reactive approach to quantitative proactive approach in individualizing patient therapy in liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie K Zgheib
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine , Beirut , Lebanon
| | - Robert A Branch
- b Department of Medicine, School of Medicine , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| |
Collapse
|