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Kabalan BA, Reisinger AJ, Pintor LM, Scarasso MA, Reisinger LS. Intraspecific variation in crayfish behavioral traits affects leaf litter breakdown in streams. Oecologia 2024; 205:515-531. [PMID: 38995365 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Although intraspecific trait variation is increasingly recognized as affecting ecosystem processes, few studies have examined the ecological significance of among-population variation in behavioral traits in natural ecosystems. In freshwater habitats, crayfish are consumers that can influence ecosystem structure (e.g., macroinvertebrate communities) and function (e.g., leaf litter breakdown). To test whether crayfish behavioral traits (activity, boldness, and foraging voracity) are major contributors of leaf litter breakdown rates in the field, we collected rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) from eight streams across the midwestern USA and measured behaviors using laboratory assays. At the same streams, we measured breakdown rates of leaf packs that were accessible or inaccessible to crayfish. Our results provide evidence that among-population variation in crayfish boldness and foraging voracity was a strong predictor of leaf litter breakdown rates, even after accounting for commonly appreciated environmental drivers (water temperature and human land use). Our results suggest that less bold rusty populations (i.e., emerged from shelter more slowly) had greater direct impacts on leaf litter breakdown than bold populations (P = 0.001, r2 = 0.85), potentially because leaf packs can be both a shelter and food resource to crayfish. Additionally, we found that foraging voracity was negatively related to breakdown rates in leaf packs that were inaccessible to crayfish (P = 0.025, r2 = 0.60), potentially due to a trophic cascade from crayfish preying on other invertebrates that consume leaf litter. Overall, our results add to the growing evidence that trait variation in animals may be important for understanding freshwater ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bana A Kabalan
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA.
| | - Alexander J Reisinger
- Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA
| | - Lauren M Pintor
- Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Marco A Scarasso
- Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lindsey S Reisinger
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA
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2
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Vander Zanden MJ, Gorsky A, Hansen GJA, Johnson PTJ, Latzka AW, Mikulyuk A, Rohwer RR, Spear MJ, Walsh JR. Nine Lessons about Aquatic Invasive Species from the North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research (NTL-LTER) Program. Bioscience 2024; 74:509-523. [PMID: 39229622 PMCID: PMC11367673 DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems can serve as model systems that reveal insights into biological invasions. In this article, we summarize nine lessons about aquatic invasive species from the North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research program and affiliated projects. The lessons about aquatic invasive species are as follows: Invasive species are more widespread than has been documented; they are usually at low abundance; they can irrupt from low-density populations in response to environmental triggers; they can occasionally have enormous and far-reaching impacts; they can affect microbial communities; reservoirs act as invasive species hotspots; ecosystem vulnerability to invasion can be estimated; invasive species removal can produce long-term benefits; and the impacts of invasive species control may be greater than the impacts of the invasive species. This synthesis highlights how long-term research on a freshwater landscape can advance our understanding of invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jake Vander Zanden
- Center for Limnology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Adrianna Gorsky
- Center for Limnology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Gretchen J A Hansen
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, Conservation Biology at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, United States
| | - Pieter T J Johnson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Alexander W Latzka
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Alison Mikulyuk
- Aquatic Sciences Center at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Robin R Rohwer
- Department of Integrative Biology at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Michael J Spear
- Illinois River Biological Station, at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Havana, Illinois, United States
| | - Jake R Walsh
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, Conservation Biology at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, United States
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3
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Medeiros AS, Milošević D. Progress in understanding the vulnerability of freshwater ecosystems. Sci Prog 2023; 106:368504231173840. [PMID: 37201916 PMCID: PMC10358491 DOI: 10.1177/00368504231173840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The ability to collect and synthesize long-term environmental monitoring data is essential for the effective management of freshwater ecosystems. Progress has been made in assessment and monitoring approaches that have integrated routine monitoring programs into more holistic watershed-scale vulnerability assessments. While the concept of vulnerability assessment is well-defined for ecosystems, complementary and sometimes competing concepts of adaptive management, ecological integrity, and ecological condition complicate the communication of results to a broader audience. Here, we identify progress in freshwater assessments that can contribute to the identification and communication of freshwater vulnerability. We review novel methods that address common challenges associated with: 1) a lack of baseline information, 2) variability associated with a spatial context, and 3) the taxonomic sufficiency of biological indicators used to make inferences about ecological conditions. Innovation in methods and communication are discussed as a means to highlight meaningful cost-effective results that target policy towards heuristic ecosystem-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- AS Medeiros
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - D Milošević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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4
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Walther EJ, Zimmerman MS, Falke JA, Westley PAH. Species distributions and the recognition of risk in restoration planning: A case study of salmonid fishes. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2701. [PMID: 35751517 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the risks faced by habitat restoration practitioners is whether habitats included in restoration planning will be used by the target species or, conversely, whether habitats excluded from restoration planning would have benefited the target species. With the goal of providing a quantitative decision-making approach that represented varying levels of risk tolerance, we used multiple probability decision thresholds (PDT) to predict the range of occurrence for three anadromous fishes (Oncorhynchus spp.) in a watershed in southwestern Washington, USA. For each species, we compared the predicted range of occurrence to the distribution used for restoration planning and quantified the amount of habitat blocked by anthropogenic barriers. Coho salmon (O. kisutch) had the broadest predicted range of occurrence (3061.6-6357.9 km; 0.75-0.25 PDT), followed by steelhead trout (O. mykiss; 1828.8-2836.8 km) and chum salmon (O. keta; 1373.9-1629.1 km). For each species, the predicted range of occurrence was similar or greater than the distribution used for restoration planning, suggesting that the current plan may exclude habitats that would benefit each species. Coho salmon had the greatest percentage of habitat blocked by anthropogenic barriers, followed by steelhead trout and chum salmon, respectively. Modeling species distributions at multiple risk-tolerance scenarios acknowledges uncertainty in restoration planning and allows practitioners to weigh the ecological benefits and budgetary constraints when considering locations for restoration. To effectively communicate restoration science to support practitioners in decision-making, we developed an R Shiny application online user interface available at: https://shiny.wdfw-fish.us/ChehalisRiverBasinSalmonidRangeOfOccurence/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Walther
- Fish Ecology and Life Cycle Monitoring Unit, Science Division, Fish Program, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, Washington, USA
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
| | - Mara S Zimmerman
- Fish Ecology and Life Cycle Monitoring Unit, Science Division, Fish Program, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, Washington, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Falke
- Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, United States Geological Survey, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
| | - Peter A H Westley
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
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5
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Reisinger AJ, Reisinger LS, Richmond EK, Rosi EJ. Exposure to a common antidepressant alters crayfish behavior and has potential subsequent ecosystem impacts. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsey S. Reisinger
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Erinn K. Richmond
- Water Studies Centre School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Emma J. Rosi
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Millbrook New York USA
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6
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Advances and challenges in modelling the impacts of invasive alien species on aquatic ecosystems. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Messager ML, Olden JD. Individual-based models forecast the spread and inform the management of an emerging riverine invader. DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mathis L. Messager
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
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8
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Fischer A. How to determine the unique contributions of input-variables to the nonlinear regression function of a multilayer perceptron. Ecol Modell 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Stewart-Koster B, Olden JD, Johnson PTJ. Integrating landscape connectivity and habitat suitability to guide offensive and defensive invasive species management. J Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Stewart-Koster
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle WA USA
| | - Julian D. Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle WA USA
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Drake DAR, Mandrak NE. Bycatch, bait, anglers, and roads: quantifying vector activity and propagule introduction risk across lake ecosystems. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2014; 24:877-894. [PMID: 24988783 DOI: 10.1890/13-0541.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Long implicated in the invasion process, live-bait anglers are highly mobile species vectors with frequent overland transport of fishes. To test hypotheses about the role of anglers in propagule transport, we developed a social-ecological model quantifying the opportunity for species transport beyond the invaded range resulting from bycatch during commercial bait operations, incidental transport, and release to lake ecosystems by anglers. We combined a gravity model with a stochastic, agent-based simulation, representing a 1-yr iteration of live-bait angling and the dynamics of propagule transport at fine spatiotemporal scales (i.e., probability of introducing n propagules per lake per year). A baseline scenario involving round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) indicated that most angling trips were benign; irrespective of lake visitation, anglers failed to purchase and transport propagules (benign trips, median probability P = 0.99912). However, given the large number of probability trials (4.2 million live-bait angling events per year), even the rarest sequence of events (uptake, movement, and deposition of propagules) is anticipated to occur. Risky trips (modal P = 0.00088 trips per year; approximately 1 in 1136) were sufficient to introduce a substantial number of propagules (modal values, Poisson model = 3715 propagules among 1288 lakes per year; zero-inflated negative binomial model = 6722 propagules among 1292 lakes per year). Two patterns of lake-specific introduction risk emerged. Large lakes supporting substantial angling activity experienced propagule pressure likely to surpass demographic barriers to establishment (top 2.5% of lakes with modal outcomes of five to 76 propagules per year; 303 high-risk lakes with three or more propagules, per year). Small or remote lakes were less likely to receive propagules; however, most risk distributions were leptokurtic with a long right tail, indicating the rare occurrence of high propagule loads to most waterbodies. Infestation simulations indicated that the number of high-risk waterbodies could be as great as 1318 (zero-inflated negative binomial), whereas a 90% reduction in bycatch from baseline would reduce the modal number of high risk lakes to zero. Results indicate that the combination of invasive bycatch and live-bait anglers warrants management concern as a species vector, but that risk is confined to a subset of individuals and recipient sites that may be effectively managed with targeted strategies.
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11
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Ibáñez I, Diez JM, Miller LP, Olden JD, Sorte CJB, Blumenthal DM, Bradley BA, D'Antonio CM, Dukes JS, Early RI, Grosholz ED, Lawler JJ. Integrated assessment of biological invasions. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2014; 24:25-37. [PMID: 24640532 DOI: 10.1890/13-0776.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As the main witnesses of the ecological and economic impacts of invasions on ecosystems around the world, ecologists seek to provide the relevant science that informs managers about the potential for invasion of specific organisms in their region(s) of interest. Yet, the assorted literature that could inform such forecasts is rarely integrated to do so, and further, the diverse nature of the data available complicates synthesis and quantitative prediction. Here we present a set of analytical tools for synthesizing different levels of distributional and/or demographic data to produce meaningful assessments of invasion potential that can guide management at multiple phases of ongoing invasions, from dispersal to colonization to proliferation. We illustrate the utility of data-synthesis and data-model assimilation approaches with case studies of three well-known invasive species--a vine, a marine mussel, and a freshwater crayfish--under current and projected future climatic conditions. Results from the integrated assessments reflect the complexity of the invasion process and show that the most relevant climatic variables can have contrasting effects or operate at different intensities across habitat types. As a consequence, for two of the study species climate trends will increase the likelihood of invasion in some habitats and decrease it in others. Our results identified and quantified both bottlenecks and windows of opportunity for invasion, mainly related to the role of human uses of the landscape or to disruption of the flow of resources. The approach we describe has a high potential to enhance model realism, explanatory insight, and predictive capability, generating information that can inform management decisions and optimize phase-specific prevention and control efforts for a wide range of biological invasions.
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12
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Mestre A, Aguilar-Alberola JA, Baldry D, Balkis H, Ellis A, Gil-Delgado JA, Grabow K, Klobučar G, Kouba A, Maguire I, Martens A, Mülayim A, Rueda J, Scharf B, Soes M, S Monrós J, Mesquita-Joanes F. Invasion biology in non-free-living species: interactions between abiotic (climatic) and biotic (host availability) factors in geographical space in crayfish commensals (Ostracoda, Entocytheridae). Ecol Evol 2013; 3:5237-53. [PMID: 24455152 PMCID: PMC3892332 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In invasion processes, both abiotic and biotic factors are considered essential, but the latter are usually disregarded when modeling the potential spread of exotic species. In the framework of set theory, interactions between biotic (B), abiotic (A), and movement-related (M) factors in the geographical space can be hypothesized with BAM diagrams and tested using ecological niche models (ENMs) to estimate A and B areas. The main aim of our survey was to evaluate the interactions between abiotic (climatic) and biotic (host availability) factors in geographical space for exotic symbionts (i.e., non-free-living species), using ENM techniques combined with a BAM framework and using exotic Entocytheridae (Ostracoda) found in Europe as model organisms. We carried out an extensive survey to evaluate the distribution of entocytherids hosted by crayfish in Europe by checking 94 European localities and 12 crayfish species. Both exotic entocytherid species found, Ankylocythere sinuosa and Uncinocythere occidentalis, were widely distributed in W Europe living on the exotic crayfish species Procambarus clarkii and Pacifastacus leniusculus, respectively. No entocytherids were observed in the remaining crayfish species. The suitable area for A. sinuosa was mainly restricted by its own limitations to minimum temperatures in W and N Europe and precipitation seasonality in circum-Mediterranean areas. Uncinocythere occidentalis was mostly restricted by host availability in circum-Mediterranean regions due to limitations of P. leniusculus to higher precipitation seasonality and maximum temperatures. The combination of ENMs with set theory allows studying the invasive biology of symbionts and provides clues about biogeographic barriers due to abiotic or biotic factors limiting the expansion of the symbiont in different regions of the invasive range. The relative importance of abiotic and biotic factors on geographical space can then be assessed and applied in conservation plans. This approach can also be implemented in other systems where the target species is closely interacting with other taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Mestre
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, University of ValenciaBurjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | - Josep A Aguilar-Alberola
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, University of ValenciaBurjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Jose A Gil-Delgado
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, University of ValenciaBurjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | - Karsten Grabow
- Institut für Biologie, Pädagogische Hochschule KarlsruheKarlsruhe, 76133, Germany
| | - Göran Klobučar
- Department of Zoology, University of ZagrebZagreb, HR-10000, Croatia
| | - Antonín Kouba
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South BohemiaVodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Maguire
- Department of Zoology, University of ZagrebZagreb, HR-10000, Croatia
| | - Andreas Martens
- Institut für Biologie, Pädagogische Hochschule KarlsruheKarlsruhe, 76133, Germany
| | - Ayşegül Mülayim
- Department of Biology, Istanbul UniversityVezneciler, 34134, Turkey
| | - Juan Rueda
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, University of ValenciaBurjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | | | - Menno Soes
- Naturalis Biodiversity CenterLeiden, 2333 CR & Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, 4100 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Juan S Monrós
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, University of ValenciaBurjassot, E-46100, Spain
| | - Francesc Mesquita-Joanes
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, University of ValenciaBurjassot, E-46100, Spain
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13
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Lodge DM, Deines A, Gherardi F, Yeo DC, Arcella T, Baldridge AK, Barnes MA, Chadderton WL, Feder JL, Gantz CA, Howard GW, Jerde CL, Peters BW, Peters JA, Sargent LW, Turner CR, Wittmann ME, Zeng Y. Global Introductions of Crayfishes: Evaluating the Impact of Species Invasions on Ecosystem Services. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2012. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-111511-103919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Impacts of nonindigenous crayfishes on ecosystem services exemplify the mixture of positive and negative effects of intentionally introduced species. Global introductions for aquaculture and ornamental purposes have begun to homogenize naturally disjunct global distributions of crayfish families. Negative impacts include the loss of provisioning (e.g., reductions in edible native species, reproductive interference or hybridization with native crayfishes), regulatory (e.g., lethal disease spread, increased costs to agriculture and water management), supporting (e.g., large changes in ecological communities), and cultural (e.g., loss of festivals celebrating native crayfish) services. Where quantification of impacts exists (e.g., Procambarus clarkii and Pacifastacus leniusculus in Europe), regulations now prohibit introduction and spread of crayfishes, indicating that losses of ecosystem services have outweighed gains. Recent research advances such as predicting invasiveness, predicting spread, improved detection and control, and bioeconomic analysis to increase cost-effectiveness of management could be employed to reduce future losses of ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Lodge
- Environmental Change Initiative and
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Andrew Deines
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Francesca Gherardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Evoluzionistica “Leo Pardi,” Università degli Studi di Firenze, 50136 Firenze, Italy
| | - Darren C.J. Yeo
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Tracy Arcella
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Ashley K. Baldridge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Matthew A. Barnes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | | | - Jeffrey L. Feder
- Environmental Change Initiative and
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Crysta A. Gantz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Geoffrey W. Howard
- Invasive Species Initiative, International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Program, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - Christopher L. Jerde
- Environmental Change Initiative and
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | | | - Jody A. Peters
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Lindsey W. Sargent
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Cameron R. Turner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Marion E. Wittmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556
| | - Yiwen Zeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
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14
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Leung B, Roura-Pascual N, Bacher S, Heikkilä J, Brotons L, Burgman MA, Dehnen-Schmutz K, Essl F, Hulme PE, Richardson DM, Sol D, Vilà M, Rejmanek M. TEASIng apart alien species risk assessments: a framework for best practices. Ecol Lett 2012; 15:1475-93. [PMID: 23020170 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Some alien species cause substantial impacts, yet most are innocuous. Given limited resources, forecasting risks from alien species will help prioritise management. Given that risk assessment (RA) approaches vary widely, a synthesis is timely to highlight best practices. We reviewed quantitative and scoring RAs, integrating > 300 publications into arguably the most rigorous quantitative RA framework currently existing, and mapping each study onto our framework, which combines Transport, Establishment, Abundance, Spread and Impact (TEASI). Quantitative models generally measured single risk components (78% of studies), often focusing on Establishment alone (79%). Although dominant in academia, quantitative RAs are underused in policy, and should be made more accessible. Accommodating heterogeneous limited data, combining across risk components, and developing generalised RAs across species, space and time without requiring new models for each species may increase attractiveness for policy applications. Comparatively, scoring approaches covered more risk components (50% examined > 3 components), with Impact being the most common component (87%), and have been widely applied in policy (> 57%), but primarily employed expert opinion. Our framework provides guidance for questions asked, combining scores and other improvements. Our risk framework need not be completely parameterised to be informative, but instead identifies opportunities for improvement in alien species RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Leung
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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