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Bringer A, Thomas H, Dubillot E, Le Floch S, Receveur J, Cachot J, Tran D. Subchronic exposure to high-density polyethylene microplastics alone or in combination with chlortoluron significantly affected valve activity and daily growth of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 237:105880. [PMID: 34126365 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, pesticides and microplastics (MPs) are commonly found in coastal waters worldwide. Due to their widespread use, their persistence and toxicity, they may induce adverse effects on physiology and behaviour of marine organisms such as the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). This study explored the growth and valve activity of juvenile oysters exposed for 24 days to two frequently detected pollutants in the Pertuis Charentais (South West, France): a herbicide (chlortoluron, 85 µg.L-1) and high-density polyethylene microparticles (HDPE 20-25 µm, 112 MP.mL-1) alone or in combination (cocktail condition; 97 µg.L-1 of chlortoluron + 108 MP. mL-1). The valve activity of juvenile oysters recorded by using a High Frequency and Non-Invasive valvometer (HFNI) was characterized by three parameters: the number of valve micro-closures (VMC), the Valve Opening Amplitude (VOA), and the Valve Opening Duration (VOD). Additionally, daily shell growth and the oyster daily rhythm were assessed. The exposure to MPs of oysters led to a significant increase of VMC and a decrease of VOD and shell growth. The exposure to chlortoluron showed a significant increase of VOA and a decrease of VMC. In combination with MPs, chlortoluron still increased VOA and decreased VMC but also reduced the shell growth. Chronobiological analysis did not reveal any effects on the daily rhythm of both contaminants. This work highlighted significant effects of high environmental concentrations of MPs and Chlortoluron on the behaviour and growth of the Pacific oyster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Bringer
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France.
| | - Hélène Thomas
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | - Emmanuel Dubillot
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266, CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, F-17042 La Rochelle Cedex 01, France
| | | | | | - Jérôme Cachot
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Damien Tran
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, EPOC, EPHE, UMR 5805, F-33600 Pessac, France
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Guo X, Feng C. Biological toxicity response of Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) to pollutants in surface water and sediment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:56-70. [PMID: 29524903 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
As a typical test species, Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) is widely used in the identification and evaluation of freshwater toxicity. This study provides a summary of the research published from 1979 to 2018. The focus was on the bioaccumulation, morphological and behavioral changes, and biochemical index alterations of Corbicula fluminea to target pollutants (i.e., ammonia, metal(loid)s, and organic chemicals) in surface water and sediment. The applications on the evaluation of actual aquatic pollution, determination of toxicological mechanisms, prediction of toxicity, and bioremediation are also specifically discussed. The primary purpose is to facilitate the comprehensive understanding and accurate application of Corbicula fluminea in freshwater ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chenghong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Science of Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Coquereau L, Jolivet A, Hégaret H, Chauvaud L. Short-Term Behavioural Responses of the Great Scallop Pecten maximus Exposed to the Toxic Alga Alexandrium minutum Measured by Accelerometry and Passive Acoustics. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160935. [PMID: 27508498 PMCID: PMC4980006 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms produced by toxic dinoflagellates have increased worldwide, impacting human health, the environment, and fisheries. Due to their potential sensitivity (e.g., environmental changes), bivalves through their valve movements can be monitored to detect harmful algal blooms. Methods that measure valve activity require bivalve-attached sensors and usually connected cables to data transfers, leading to stress animals and limit the use to sessile species. As a non-intrusive and continuously deployable tool, passive acoustics could be an effective approach to detecting harmful algal blooms in real time based on animal sound production. This study aimed to detect reaction changes in the valve movements of adult Pecten maximus exposed to the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum using both accelerometry and passive acoustic methods. Scallops were experimentally exposed to three ecologically relevant concentrations of A. minutum for 2 hours. The number of each type of valve movement and their sound intensity, opening duration, and valve-opening amplitude were measured. Four behaviours were identified: closures, expulsion, displacement, and swimming. The response of P. maximus to A. minutum occurred rapidly at a high concentration. The valve activity of P. maximus was different when exposed to high concentrations (500 000 cells L-1) of A. minutum compared to the non-toxic dinoflagellate Heterocapsa triquetra; the number of valve movements increased, especially closure and expulsion, which were detected acoustically. Thus, this study demonstrates the potential for acoustics and sound production changes in the detection of harmful algal blooms. However, field trials and longer duration experiments are required to provide further evidence for the use of acoustics as a monitoring tool in the natural environment where several factors may interfere with valve behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Coquereau
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539, LIA BeBEST, Rue Dumont D’Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Aurélie Jolivet
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539, LIA BeBEST, Rue Dumont D’Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Hélène Hégaret
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539, LIA BeBEST, Rue Dumont D’Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Laurent Chauvaud
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l’Environnement Marin, UMR 6539, LIA BeBEST, Rue Dumont D’Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France
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Gombeau K, Pereira S, Ravanat JL, Camilleri V, Cavalie I, Bourdineaud JP, Adam-Guillermin C. Depleted uranium induces sex- and tissue-specific methylation patterns in adult zebrafish. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2016; 154:25-33. [PMID: 26829549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of chronic exposure to different concentrations (2 and 20 μg L(-)(1)) of environmentally relevant waterborne depleted uranium (DU) on the DNA methylation patterns both at HpaII restriction sites (5'-CCGG-3') and across the whole genome in the zebrafish brain, gonads, and eyes. We first identified sex-dependent differences in the methylation level of HpaII sites after exposure. In males, these effects were present as early as 7 days after exposure to 20 μg L(-)(1) DU, and were even more pronounced in the brain, gonads, and eyes after 24 days. However, in females, hypomethylation was only observed in the gonads after exposure to 20 μg L(-)(1) DU for 24 days. Sex-specific effects of DU were also apparent at the whole-genome level, because in males, exposure to 20 μg L(-)(1) DU for 24 days resulted in cytosine hypermethylation in the brain and eyes and hypomethylation in the gonads. In contrast, in females, hypermethylation was observed in the brain after exposure to both concentrations of DU for 7 days. Based on our current knowledge of uranium toxicity, several hypotheses are proposed to explain these findings, including the involvement of oxidative stress, alteration of demethylation enzymes and the calcium signaling pathway. This study reports, for the first time, the sex- and tissue-specific epigenetic changes that occur in a nonhuman organism after exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of uranium, which could induce transgenerational epigenetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewin Gombeau
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13115, France
| | - Sandrine Pereira
- Neolys Diagnostics, Centre Léon Bérard, Bât Cheney A, 69008 LYON, France
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SCIB, 38000 Grenoble, France; CEA, INAC-SCIB Laboratoire des Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Virginie Camilleri
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13115, France
| | - Isabelle Cavalie
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13115, France
| | | | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PRP-ENV/SERIS/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13115, France.
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Synergistic effects of toxic elements on heat shock proteins. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:564136. [PMID: 25136596 PMCID: PMC4127286 DOI: 10.1155/2014/564136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins show remarkable variations in their expression levels under a variety of toxic conditions. A research span expanded over five decades has revealed their molecular characterization, gene regulation, expression patterns, vast similarity in diverse groups, and broad range of functional capabilities. Their functions include protection and tolerance against cytotoxic conditions through their molecular chaperoning activity, maintaining cytoskeleton stability, and assisting in cell signaling. However, their role as biomarkers for monitoring the environmental risk assessment is controversial due to a number of conflicting, validating, and nonvalidating reports. The current knowledge regarding the interpretation of HSPs expression levels has been discussed in the present review. The candidature of heat shock proteins as biomarkers of toxicity is thus far unreliable due to synergistic effects of toxicants and other environmental factors. The adoption of heat shock proteins as "suit of biomarkers in a set of organisms" requires further investigation.
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Gagnaire B, Adam-Guillermin C, Bouron A, Lestaevel P. The effects of radionuclides on animal behavior. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2011; 210:35-58. [PMID: 21170702 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7615-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Concomitant with the expansion of the nuclear industry, the concentrations of several pollutants, radioactive or otherwise, including uranium, caesium, cadmium and cobalt, have increased over the last few decades. These elemental pollutants do exist in the environment and are a threat to many organisms. Behavior represents the integration of all the anatomical adaptations and physiological processes that occur within an organism. Compared to other biological endpoints, the effects of pollutants on animal behavior have been the focus of only a few studies. However, behavioral changes appear to be ideal for assessing the effects of pollutants on animal populations, because behavior links physiological functions with ecological processes. The alteration of behavioral responses can have severe implications for survival of individuals and of population of some species. Behavioral disruptions may derive from several underlying mechanisms: disruption of neuro-sensorial activity and of endocrines, or oxidative and metabolic disruptions. In this review, we presented an overview of the current literature in which the effects of radioactive pollutants on behavior in humans, rodents, fish and wildlife species are addressed. When possible, we have also indicated the potential underlying mechanisms of the behavioral alterations and parameters measured. In fried, chronic uranium contamination is associated with behavior alterations and mental disorders in humans, and cognitive deficits in rats. Comparative studies on depleted and enriched uranium effects in rats showed that chemical and radiological activities of this metal induced negative effects on several behavioral parameters and also produced brain oxidative stress. Uranium exposure also modifies feeding behavior of bivalves and reproductive behavior of fish. Studies of the effects of the Chernobyl accident shows that chronic irradiation to 137Cs induces both nervous system diseases and mental disorders in humans leading to increased suicides, as well as modification of preferred nesting sites, reduced hatching success and fecundity in birds that live in the Chernobyl zone. No significant effect from caesium exposure was shown in laboratory experiments with rats, but few studies were conducted. Data on radioactive cadmium are not available in the literature, but the effects of its metallic form have been well studied. Cadmium induces mental retardation and psychomotor alterations in exposed populations and increases anxiety in rats, leading to depression. Cadmium exposure also results in well-documented effects on feeding and burrowing behavior in several invertebrate species (crustaceans, gastropods, annelids, bivalves) and on different kinds of fish behavior (swimming activity, fast-start response, antipredatory behavior). Cobalt induces memory deficits in humans and may be involved in Alzheimer's disease; gamma irradiation by cobalt also decreases fecundity and alters mating behavior in insects. Collectively, data are lacking or are meagre on radionuclide pollutants, and a better knowledge of their actions on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control animal behavior is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Gagnaire
- Laboratoire de Radioécologie et d'Ecotoxicologie, IRSN, Centre de Cadarache, Bat 186, 13115, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance Cedex, France.
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Tran D, Massabuau JC, Garnier-Laplace J. Impact of hypoxia on hemolymph contamination by uranium in an aquatic animal, the freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2008; 156:821-826. [PMID: 18583003 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Revised: 05/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Multi-stress situations are a major question and low-oxygenated waters (hypoxia) are a growing problem. Importantly, hypoxia stimulates the ventilatory flow rate in aquatic animals and this increases gill exposure to contaminants. Surprisingly, in the freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea, this is associated with increased bioaccumulation of uranium in gills but not in deep tissues. We searched for an explanation by analyzing hemolymph U-transport in Corbicula exposed to 0.36 microM dissolved uranium at various O2-levels for 10 days. In hypoxia, one observed an increased U concentration in the arterial hemolymph flowing from gills to tissues but this was not associated with an increased U concentration in the venous hemolymph nor in the other tissues. We conclude that the cardiac flow rate must have decreased to explain this absence of over-accumulation. In addition to its already known deleterious effects, uranium can thus deeply impair cardiac flow rate in exposed aquatic animals during multi-stress exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Tran
- Université Bordeaux 1, CNRS, UMR 5805 EPOC, Place du Dr Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France.
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Timofeyev MA, Shatilina ZM, Bedulina DS, Menzel R, Steinberg CEW. Natural organic matter (NOM) has the potential to modify the multixenobiotic resistance (MXR) activity in freshwater amphipods Eulimnogammarus cyaneus and E. verrucosus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2006; 146:496-503. [PMID: 17276117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2006] [Revised: 11/23/2006] [Accepted: 11/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Based on the chemical features of natural organic matter (NOM) with its variety of functional groups, we hypothesized that NOM will modify the multixenobiotic-resistance (MXR) of an organism as xenobiotic chemicals do. The MXR system is a general first rather non-specific line of defense against environmental contaminants. The aim of this study was to compare the impacts on MXR activity in amphipod species (Eulimnogammarus cyaneus and E. verrucosus, from Lake Baikal) stressed by cadmium chloride or dissolved NOM for 24 h. NOM exposure concentrations were environmentally realistic. MXR activity was assessed based on rhodamine B efflux; its specificity was proven by a verapamil inhibition assay. It was shown that both NOM and CdCl(2) lead to substantial reduction of the rhodamine B efflux. This suggests that NOM may be regarded as a chemosensor which is able to reduce the efficiency of the MXR system. Possible mechanisms of direct NOM impact on MXR processes are discussed, such as peroxidation of the membranes (including P-glycoproteins) or internal blockage of the MXR pump by bioconcentrated NOM. In general, our results show that well-developed depuration pathways of freshwater organisms in contaminated environments may be impaired by strong chemical stressors and, more important, by natural biogeochemical matrices such as humic substances--humic substances are present in all freshwater systems.
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Achard-Joris M, Bourdineaud JP. Heterologous expression of bacterial and human multidrug resistance proteins protect Escherichia coli against mercury and zinc contamination. Biometals 2006; 19:695-704. [PMID: 16703280 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-006-9006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the role of multidrug resistance proteins in mercury and zinc resistance, human MDR1, Lactococcus lactis lmrA, and Oenococcus oeni omrA genes were expressed in an Escherichia coli tolC mutant which is hypersensitive to metals. The three transporters conferred an increased mercury and zinc resistance to E. coli as compared to the control bacteria. This improved resistance correlated with a decreased zinc and mercury bioaccumulation. Indeed, quantification of intracellular metal concentrations by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) showed a 2.1-, 3-, and 5.1-fold decrease in zinc in cells expressing hMDR1, omrA, and lmrA, respectively, and a 2.7-, 7.5-, and 7.7-fold decrease in mercury in cells expressing omrA, lmrA, and hMDR1, respectively, as compared to the control bacteria. This means that hMDR1, LmrA, and OmrA proteins which are specialised in xenobiotic scavenging, their main known function, are nevertheless able to confer some resistance against metals. Our results show that the tolC mutated strain is well adapted to the study of MDR transporter activity and could be used to screen substrates and competitive hMDR1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Achard-Joris
- UMR CNRS 5805, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie et Ecotoxicologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, Université de Bordeaux 1, Place du Dr Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France
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