Sasa veitchii extract induces anticancer effects via inhibition of cyclin D1 expression in MCF-7 cells

A critical overview of challenging roles of medicinal plants in improvement of wound healing technology

PURPOSE

Chronic diseases often hinder the natural healing process, making wound infections a prevalent clinical concern. In severe cases, complications can arise, potentially leading to fatal outcomes. While allopathic treatments offer numerous options for wound repair and management, the enduring popularity of herbal medications may be attributed to their perceived minimal side effects. Hence, this review aims to investigate the potential of herbal remedies in efficiently treating wounds, presenting a promising alternative for consideration.

METHODS

A literature search was done including research, reviews, systematic literature review, meta-analysis, and clinical trials considered. Search engines such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were used while retrieving data. Keywords like Wound healing 'Wound healing and herbal combinations', 'Herbal wound dressing', Nanotechnology and Wound dressing were used.

RESULT

This review provides valuable insights into the role of natural products and technology-based formulations in the treatment of wound infections. It evaluates the use of herbal remedies as an effective approach. Various active principles from herbs, categorized as flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and phenolic compounds, have shown effectiveness in promoting wound closure. A multitude of herbal remedies have demonstrated significant efficacy in wound management, offering an additional avenue for care. The review encompasses a total of 72 studies, involving 127 distinct herbs (excluding any common herbs shared between studies), primarily belonging to the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Apiaceae. In research, rat models were predominantly utilized to assess wound healing activities. Furthermore, advancements in herbal-based formulations using nanotechnology-based wound dressing materials, such as nanofibers, nanoemulsions, nanofiber mats, polymeric fibers, and hydrogel-based microneedles, are underway. These innovations aim to enhance targeted drug delivery and expedite recovery. Several clinical-based experimental studies have already been documented, evaluating the efficacy of various natural products for wound care and management. This signifies a promising direction in the field of wound treatment.

CONCLUSION

In recent years, scientists have increasingly utilized evidence-based medicine and advanced scientific techniques to validate the efficacy of herbal medicines and delve into the underlying mechanisms of their actions. However, there remains a critical need for further research to thoroughly understand how isolated chemicals extracted from herbs contribute to the healing process of intricate wounds, which may have life-threatening consequences. This ongoing research endeavor holds great promise in not only advancing our understanding but also in the development of innovative formulations that expedite the recovery process.

Protective effect of Sasa veitchii extract against all-trans-retinoic acid-induced inhibition of proliferation of cultured human palate cells

Cleft palate is the most common facial birth defect worldwide. It is caused by environmental factors or genetic mutations. Environmental factors such as pharmaceutical exposure in women are known to induce cleft palate. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of Sasa veitchii extract against medicine-induced inhibition of proliferation of human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells. We demonstrated that all-trans-retinoic acid inhibited human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, whereas dexamethasone treatment had no effect on cell proliferation. Cotreatment with Sasa veitchii extract repressed all-trans-retinoic acid-induced toxicity in human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells. We found that cotreatment with Sasa veitchii extract protected all-trans-retinoic acid-induced cyclin D1 downregulation in human embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells. Furthermore, Sasa veitchii extract suppressed all-trans-retinoic acid-induced miR-4680-3p expression. Additionally, the expression levels of the genes that function downstream of the target genes ( ERBB2 and JADE1 ) of miR-4680-3p in signaling pathways were enhanced by cotreatment with Sasa veitchii extract and all-trans-retinoic acid compared to all-trans-retinoic acid treatment. These results suggest that Sasa veitchii extract suppresses all-trans-retinoic acid-induced inhibition of cell proliferation via modulation of miR-4680-3p expression.

Some Natural Photosensitizers and Their Medicinal Properties for Use in Photodynamic Therapy

Despite significant advances in early diagnosis and treatment, cancer is one of the leading causes of death. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapy for the treatment of many diseases, including cancer. This therapy uses a combination of a photosensitizer (PS), light irradiation of appropriate length and molecular oxygen. The photodynamic effect kills cancer cells through apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy of tumor cells. PDT is a promising approach for eliminating various cancers but is not yet as widely applied in therapy as conventional chemotherapy. Currently, natural compounds with photosensitizing properties are being discovered and identified. A reduced toxicity to healthy tissues and a lower incidence of side effects inspires scientists to seek natural PS for PDT. In this review, several groups of compounds with photoactive properties are presented. The use of natural products has been shown to be a fruitful approach in the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals. This review focused on the anticancer activity of furanocoumarins, polyacetylenes, thiophenes, tolyporphins, curcumins, alkaloid and anthraquinones in relation to the light-absorbing properties. Attention will be paid to their phototoxic and anti-cancer effects on various types of cancer.

Wound-Healing and Skin-Moisturizing Effects of Sasa veitchii Extract

Sasa veitchii (S. veitchii) is a traditional herb derived from the bamboo genus, which is collectively called Kumazasa. Although Kumazasa extract is believed to have various effects on the skin, there is little scientific evidence for these effects. In this study, we aimed to obtain scientific evidence regarding the wound-healing and skin-moisturizing effects of Kumazasa extract. Kumazasa extract was applied to the skin of a mouse wound model for 14 days, and the wound area and dermal water content were measured. Mice treated with Kumazasa extract had smaller wound areas than control mice. The dermal water content in the Kumazasa extract-treated group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The mRNA and protein expression levels of cutaneous aquaporin-3 (AQP3), which is involved in wound healing and increases in dermal water content, were significantly increased by treatment with Kumazasa extract. Kumazasa extract-treated HaCaT cells exhibited significantly higher AQP3 expression and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation than control cells. With continuous application, Kumazasa extract increases AQP3 expression and exerts wound-healing and moisturizing effects. The increase in AQP3 expression elicited by Kumazasa extract may be due to enhancement of transcription via activation of p38 MAPK signaling.