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Lai YYL, Downs J, Leishman S, Leonard HM, Walsh LJ, Zafar S. qPCR assay optimisation for a clinical study comparing oral health risk in Rett syndrome. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024:10.1007/s40368-024-00912-8. [PMID: 38926242 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to validate qPCR assays for specific microbiota, for use on dental plaque samples stored on Whatman FTA cards to compare relative oral health risk in Rett syndrome. METHODS Supragingival dental plaque samples were collected, using a sterile swab, (COPAN FLOQswab™) swabbed onto Whatman FTA™ cards. DNA extraction was performed using a modified Powersoil™ protocol. Where published assays were unsuitable, species-specific qPCR assays for caries-associated, gingivitis-associated and oral-health-associated bacteria were designed using multiple sequence alignment, Primer3Plus and PrimerQuest. Assays were run using absolute quantification. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated, and PCR products verified by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Most assays allowed detection using real-time qPCR with high specificity on samples collected on FTA cards. Several assays showed low or even single gene copy numbers on the test samples. CONCLUSION Assays were optimised for detection and evaluation of oral health risk in dental plaque samples stored on FTA cards when cold storage is not feasible, except for F. nucleatum. Several assays showed gene copy numbers less than the LOQ or outside the range of the standard curve, so there is merit in optimising these assays using digital droplet PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y L Lai
- UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland School of Dentistry, 288 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia.
- Child Disability, Telethon Kids Institute, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6872, Australia.
| | - J Downs
- Child Disability, Telethon Kids Institute, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6872, Australia
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - S Leishman
- UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland School of Dentistry, 288 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - H M Leonard
- Child Disability, Telethon Kids Institute, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA, 6872, Australia
| | - L J Walsh
- UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland School of Dentistry, 288 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - S Zafar
- UQ Oral Health Centre, The University of Queensland School of Dentistry, 288 Herston Rd, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
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Calixto NR, Alves CM, Abreu LM, Thomaz EB, Vidal FC, Filho IS, Lopes FF. Detection of periodontal pathogens in mothers of preterm birth and/or low weight. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2019; 24:e776-e781. [PMID: 31655839 PMCID: PMC6901144 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aims to estimate the possible relationship between periodontal pathogens in the oral cavity and the birth of Preterm Birth (PTB) and/or Low Birth Weight (LBW).
Material and Methods It’s a case- control study with the subgengival biofilm samples were collected from four sites up deeper until 48 hours postpartum and were processes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for presence the periodontal pathogens Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf) e Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). The mothers were divided into case grup (babies weighing < 2500g and/or gestational age < 37 weeks) and control group (babies weighing ≥ 2500g and gestational age ≥ 37 weeks). Chi-square test and the measure of association obtained by Odds Ratio (OR) were used to estimate the association between the variables.
Results Microbial analyses results showed no significant association between PTB and LBW with most periodontal pathogens in the oral cavity, even with association with the clinical presence of periodontitis.
Conclusions given the high presence of periodontal pathogens in the biofilm subgengival of recent mothers, it is suggested that the findings of this research serve as the basis for future studies on the pathophysiology involved in the relationship between periodontitis and PTB and/or LBW. Key words:Low Birth Weight Infant. Premature Infant. Periodontal Diseases. Bacteria. Polymerase Chain Reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- N-R Calixto
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Odontologia Campus Universitario do Bacanga Avenida dos Portugueses, 1966 Sao Luis-MA, Brazil, CEP: 65080-805
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Arenas Rodrigues VA, de Avila ED, Nakano V, Avila-Campos MJ. Qualitative, quantitative and genotypic evaluation of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum isolated from individuals with different periodontal clinical conditions. Anaerobe 2018; 52:50-58. [PMID: 29857043 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum are strongly associated with periodontitis, and their evaluations are relevant to understand their role in the etiology and progression of periodontal diseases. In this study, the qualitative and quantitative detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum, as well as their genetic diversity, were evaluated in individuals with gingivitis, chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy. In addition, the biotyping, serotyping, and prevalence of the ltx and cdt genes in A. actinomycetemcomitans were also determined. Subgingival biofilms obtained from gingivitis (70), periodontitis (75) and healthy (95) individuals were analyzed by cultures and PCR. Bacterial typing and presence of ltx and cdt genes in A. actinomycetemcomitans were also verified. DNA from A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum was detected respectively, in 65.7% and 57.1% of gingivitis, 80% and 68% of periodontitis, and 57.8% and 37.8% of healthy. A. actinomycetemcomitans from gingivitis were biotypes I, II, IV, V, and X, and serotypes a, c, and e. In periodontitis, biotypes II, VI, and X, and serotypes a, b, and c were found. In healthy subjects, biotypes II and X, and serotypes b and c were found. The LTX and ltxA were observed in strains from gingivitis and periodontitis pockets. Subsequently, our data also showed no direct relationship between ltxA gene expression and leukotoxin gene 530-bp presence. On the other hand, cdt gene predominated during the inflammatory disease process. Our results strongly support a role of A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum in advanced stage of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Aparecida Arenas Rodrigues
- Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Erica Dorigatti de Avila
- Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Rua Humaita, 1680, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Viviane Nakano
- Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Julio Avila-Campos
- Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo - USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1374, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Haraldsson G, Holbrook WP, Könönen E. Clonal Persistence of Oral Fusobacterium nucleatum in Infancy. J Dent Res 2016; 83:500-4. [PMID: 15153460 DOI: 10.1177/154405910408300613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Once established, early-colonizing bacterial species tend to persist in the mouth. To obtain detailed information on the population dynamics of early-colonizing oral anaerobes, we examined the clonal diversity and persistence of clones among oral Fusobacterium nucleatum populations during the first 2 yrs of life. Consecutive salivary samples from 12 infants, collected at 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 mos of age, yielded a total of 546 F. nucleatum isolates for clonal typing with arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR). Up to 7 AP-PCR types were simultaneously detected in each sample. In 11 out of the 12 infants examined, AP-PCR types persisted for up to 1 yr. Strain turnover rate was high during the first year of life, but then the occurrence of persistent clones increased. This study indicates a wide genetic diversity within the species and provides evidence for the increasing persistence of F. nucleatum clones in the oral cavity with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Haraldsson
- Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
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Borgo PV, Rodrigues VAA, Feitosa ACR, Xavier KCB, Avila-Campos MJ. Association between periodontal condition and subgingival microbiota in women during pregnancy: a longitudinal study. J Appl Oral Sci 2015; 22:528-33. [PMID: 25591021 PMCID: PMC4307767 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720140164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, the gingival conditions and the quantitative detection for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in pregnant women were determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS Quantitative determinations of periodontal bacteria by using a SyBr green system in women during pregnancy were performed. Women at the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy and non-pregnant women were included in this study. A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed in high numbers in women at the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy with a significant difference (p<0.05). F. nucleatum and P. intermedia were also observed in high levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Our results show that pregnant women are more susceptible to gingivitis, and the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival biofilm might be taken into account for the treatment of periodontal disease.
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Wahasugui TC, Nakano V, Piazza RM, Avila-Campos MJ. Phenotypic and genotypic features of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans isolated from patients with periodontal disease. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 75:366-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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de Souza Filho JA, Diniz CG, Barbosa NB, de Freitas MCR, Lopes Neves MS, da Gama Mazzei RN, Gameiro J, Coelho CM, da Silva VL. Morphological, biochemical, physiological and molecular aspects of the response of Fusobacterium nucleatum exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials. Anaerobe 2012; 18:566-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Senhorinho GN, Nakano V, Liu C, Song Y, Finegold SM, Avila-Campos MJ. Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Porphyromonas spp. and Fusobacterium spp. in dogs with and without periodontitis. Anaerobe 2012; 18:381-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Montagner F, Jacinto RC, Signoretti FGC, Sanches PF, Gomes BPFA. Clustering behavior in microbial communities from acute endodontic infections. J Endod 2011; 38:158-62. [PMID: 22244629 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute endodontic infections harbor heterogeneous microbial communities in both the root canal (RC) system and apical tissues. Data comparing the microbial structure and diversity in endodontic infections in related ecosystems, such as RC with necrotic pulp and acute apical abscess (AAA), are scarce in the literature. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of selected endodontic pathogens in paired samples from necrotic RC and AAA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by the construction of cluster profiles. METHODS Paired samples of RC and AAA exudates were collected from 20 subjects and analyzed by PCR for the presence of selected strict and facultative anaerobic strains. The frequency of species was compared between the RC and the AAA samples. A stringent neighboring clustering algorithm was applied to investigate the existence of similar high-order groups of samples. A dendrogram was constructed to show the arrangement of the sample groups produced by the hierarchical clustering. RESULTS All samples harbored bacterial DNA. Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella nigrescens, Filifactor alocis, and Tannerela forsythia were frequently detected in both RC and AAA samples. The selected anaerobic species were distributed in diverse small bacteria consortia. The samples of RC and AAA that presented at least one of the targeted microorganisms were grouped in small clusters. CONCLUSIONS Anaerobic species were frequently detected in acute endodontic infections and heterogeneous microbial communities with low clustering behavior were observed in paired samples of RC and AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Montagner
- Endodontics Division, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Marcelino SL, Gaetti-Jardim E, Nakano V, Canônico LAD, Nunes FD, Lotufo RFM, Pustiglioni FE, Romito GA, Avila-Campos MJ. Presence of periodontopathic bacteria in coronary arteries from patients with chronic periodontitis. Anaerobe 2010; 16:629-32. [PMID: 20816998 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 08/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study the presence of periodontopathic pathogens in atheromatous plaques removed from coronary arteries of patients with chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy subjects by PCR was detected. Our results indicate a significant association between the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and atheromas, and the periodontal bacteria in oral biofilm may find a way to reach arteries.
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da Silva VL, Diniz CG, dos Santos SG, Gomes RMF, Nicoli JR, Magalhães PP, Mendes EN, de Carvalho MAR, Farias LM. Physiological alterations of a Fusobacterium nucleatum strain exposed to oxidative stress. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 103:20-6. [PMID: 17584449 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03236.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oxidative stress on physiological and genetic characteristics of Fusobacterium nucleatum and its interference on this microbial identification methods. METHODS AND RESULTS Fus. nucleatum ssp. nucleatum ATCC 25586 (wt-strain) and an oxidative-stress-adapted strain derived from the wt-strain (aero-strain) were employed in the study. Cell-free crude protein extracts were obtained from both strains and differentially expressed proteins were identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Bacterium identification was performed by conventional biochemical tests, automated Rapid ID 32A system and specific PCR analysis. Genetic diversity between wt- and aero-strain was assessed by arbitrarily-primed (AP)-PCR. There were significant changes in the protein profile of aero-strain. The identification of the wt-strain was confirmed by all methods employed. Similar results were obtained for aero-strain when conventional biochemical tests and PCR were used. However, aero-strain was identified as Fusobacterium varium when submitted to Rapid ID 32A system. According to AP-PCR analysis, no significant genetic alteration was detected in aero-strain. CONCLUSIONS The adaptive response of Fus. nucleatum to oxidative stress is associated with changes on its biology, which may lead to misidentification of the organism, according to the conventional identification methods. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Oxidative stress may act as a cause of adaptive response in Fus. nucleatum with consequences to its biology, such as alterations on biochemical and physiological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- V L da Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Hasegawa Y, Mans JJ, Mao S, Lopez MC, Baker HV, Handfield M, Lamont RJ. Gingival epithelial cell transcriptional responses to commensal and opportunistic oral microbial species. Infect Immun 2007; 75:2540-7. [PMID: 17307939 PMCID: PMC1865734 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01957-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional profiling and ontology tools were utilized to define the biological pathways of gingival epithelial cells modulated by coculture with the oral commensal Streptococcus gordonii and the opportunistic commensal Fusobacterium nucleatum. Overall, F. nucleatum and S. gordonii perturbed the gingival epithelial cell transcriptome much less significantly than the oral pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans perturbed the transcriptome, indicating that there was a greater degree of host adaptation by the commensal species (M. Handfield, J. J. Mans, G. Zheng, M. C. Lopez, S. Mao, A. Progulske-Fox, G. Narasimhan, H. V. Baker, and R. J. Lamont, Cell. Microbiol. 7:811-823, 2005). The biological pathways significantly impacted by F. nucleatum and S. gordonii included the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Differential regulation of GADD45 and DUSP4, key components of the MAPK pathway, was confirmed at the protein level by Western blotting. Modulation of the MAPK pathway is likely to affect host cell proliferation and differentiation. In addition, both the MAPK and Toll-like receptor pathways ultimately converge on cytokine gene expression. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of secreted interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 demonstrated that F. nucleatum induced production of these cytokines, whereas S. gordonii inhibited secretion from the epithelial cells. Stimulation of secretion of proinflammatory cytokines from epithelial cells may reflect the invasive phenotype of F. nucleatum and contribute to the greater pathogenic potential of F. nucleatum than of S. gordonii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Hasegawa
- Department of Oral Biology and Center for Molecular Microbiology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0424, USA
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Avila-Campos MJ, Rivera IN, Nakano V. Genetic diversity of oral Fusobacterium nucleatum isolated from patients with different clinical conditions. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2006; 48:59-63. [PMID: 16699623 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652006000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic diversity of 23 oral Fusobacterium nucleatum isolated from 15 periodontal patients, eight from seven healthy subjects, nine from nine AIDS patients and two from two Cebus apella monkeys were analyzed. EcoRI restricted the bacterial DNA and 28 ribotypes grouped from A to J groups were obtained. Isolates formed 24 ribotypes which were contained into A, B, C, D, E and F groups, and three reference strains and two clinical isolates of A. actinomycetemcomitans, and E. coli CDC formed four different ribotypes into the G, H, I and J groups. Moreover, from nine F. nucleatum from AIDS patients, six were ribotyped as group C and three as group D. By using ribotyping we distinguished F. nucleatum recovered from different sources. It is possible that isolates from AIDS patients may contain some phenotypic or genotypic factor did not observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Avila-Campos
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Suzuki S, Mitani A, Koyasu K, Oda SI, Yoshinari N, Fukuda M, Hanamura H, Nakagaki H, Noguchi T. A Model of Spontaneous Periodontitis in the Miniature Goat. J Periodontol 2006; 77:847-55. [PMID: 16671878 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2006.050203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis and progression of periodontal disease have been extensively studied through the use of animal models. However, no animal model has yet been established that is precisely similar to periodontitis in humans. In the present study, we examined the use of Shiba goats as a model for spontaneous periodontitis. METHODS Thirty-four Shiba goats (seven males and 27 females, aged 10 to 98 months) were used. We examined periodontitis in Shiba goats clinically, histopathologically, and microbiologically. RESULTS The mean probing depth (PD) of the 68 teeth examined was 2.7 +/- 0.8 mm. The incidences of PD > or =3 and 4 mm were 46.4% and 22.1%, respectively. The incidence of bleeding on probing in 68 sites and in 34 animals was 60.7% and 73.5%, respectively. The formation of vertical alveolar bone defects and downgrowth of gingival epithelial cells were found in the areas of periodontitis. The prevalence of Tannerella forsythensis, Campylobacter rectus, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival plaque by polymerase chain reaction was 46.4%, 28.5%, 28.5%, 17.8%, and 3.5%, respectively. These percentages were increased in subgingival plaque from PD > or =3 mm. CONCLUSIONS The clinical, histopathological, and microbiological features of spontaneous periodontitis in Shiba goats were somewhat similar to those in human periodontitis. Moreover, there are some advantages of using the Shiba goat; the size of the oral cavity is suitable for periodontal treatment, and handling and housing are relatively easy. Therefore, these results suggest that the Shiba goat is a useful animal model for human periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiyo Suzuki
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To comparatively detect A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum from periodontal and healthy sites. METHODS Subgingival clinical samples from 50 periodontitis adult patients and 50 healthy subjects were analyzed. Both organisms were isolated using a trypticase soy agar-bacitracin-vancomycin (TSBV) medium and detected by PCR. Conventional biochemical tests were used for bacteria identification. RESULTS A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum were isolated in 18% and 20% of the patients, respectively, and in 2% and 24% of healthy subjects. Among A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates, biotype II was the most prevalent. Primer pair AA was 100% sensitive in the detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans from both subject groups. Primers ASH and FU were also 100% sensitive to detect this organism in healthy subject samples. Primer pair FN5047 was more sensitive to detect F. nucleatum in patients or in healthy samples than primer 5059S. Primers ASH and 5059S were more specific in the detection of A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum, respectively, in patients and in healthy subject samples. CONCLUSIONS PCR is an effective tool for detecting periodontal pathogens in subgingival samples, providing a faster and safer diagnostic tool of periodontal diseases. The method's sensitivity and specificity is conditioned by the choice of the set of primers used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veruska de João Malheiros
- Laboratório de Anaeróbios, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Querido SMR, Cortelli SC, Araújo MWBD, Cortelli JR. Clinical and microbial evaluation of dental scaling associated with subgingival minocycline in chronic periodontitis subjects. Braz Oral Res 2004; 18:110-5. [PMID: 15311312 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242004000200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this double-blind randomized clinical trial were to evaluate the presence of periodontal pathogens and the clinical response of periodontal pockets treatment to scaling and root planing (SRP) associated with subgingival minocycline (SM). A total of 36 subjects, 26 to 60 years old (40.7 ± 9.1), who had been previously diagnosed with chronic periodontitis, were included in the present study. Eighteen subjects were selected for the test group (TG), who were treated with SRP plus SM (new treatment), and 18 subjects for the control group (CG) who received SRP plus vehicle (current treatment). Two homologous sites in each subject with a probing depth (PD) > 6 mm were chosen. To evaluate the clinical response after treatment, PD was measured at baseline and at 90 days. Microbiological evaluation was performed to detect 7 periodontal pathogens using polymerase chain reaction at baseline, 30, and 120 days. A mean reduction in PD of 2.8 and 2.1 mm was observed in the TG and CG, respectively. At baseline, P. gingivalis was the most prevalent organism in both test (65.8%) and control (48.6%) groups. After 120 days it fell to 30.8% in TG and to 23.1% in CG. There were no statistically significant differences between the test and control groups concerning PD (p > 0.05 by Wilcoxon test) or presence of periodontal pathogens (p > 0.05 by Wilcoxon and chi-square; p > 0.01 by Signal test). The results observed showed that the new treatment was as effective as the current treatment in reducing periodontal pathogens and PD among chronic periodontitis subjects.
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Haraldsson G, Holbrook WP, Könönen E. Clonal similarity of salivary and nasopharyngeal Fusobacterium nucleatum in infants with acute otitis media experience. J Med Microbiol 2004; 53:161-165. [PMID: 14729939 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.05441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The environment of an infant's nasopharynx during acute otitis media (AOM) favours the growth of anaerobic bacteria, which can be recovered frequently during infection, but hardly at all if the infant is healthy. The aim of this investigation was to identify the potential source and inoculation route of anaerobes that were present in the nasopharynx. Eleven Fusobacterium nucleatum isolates that were collected through the nasal cavity from the nasopharynx of eight infants with a history of AOM, and 161 F. nucleatum isolates from the saliva of the same infants, were typed to the clonal level by using arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR). In five of the eight infants examined, identical AP-PCR types were found among nasopharyngeal and salivary isolates. As anaerobes seem to be present only transiently in the nasopharynx and salivary contamination of the nasopharyngeal samples can be excluded, this observation indicates that the source of nasopharyngeal anaerobes is the oral cavity and that saliva is their transmission vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnsteinn Haraldsson
- Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute (KTL), Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300, Helsinki, Finland 2Faculty of Odontology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland 3Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - W Peter Holbrook
- Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute (KTL), Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300, Helsinki, Finland 2Faculty of Odontology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland 3Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait
| | - Eija Könönen
- Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute (KTL), Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300, Helsinki, Finland 2Faculty of Odontology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland 3Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait
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Patel M, Coogan M, Galpin JS. Periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque of HIV-positive subjects with chronic periodontitis. ORAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2003; 18:199-201. [PMID: 12753474 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-302x.2003.00064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Many putative periodontal pathogens associated with periodontal disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients also occur in non-HIV-infected individuals. This study examined the prevalence of eight periodontal pathogens in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with chronic periodontitis using the 16s RNA polymerase chain reaction technique. The results showed a significant prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola among HIV-negative patients compared to HIV-positive patients. Sixty percent of the patients in both groups were colonized by five to six species. Odds ratio analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between three of the 28 possible combinations in the HIV-positive group. They included Prevotella nigrescens/Campylobacter rectus, P. nigrescens/P. gingivalis and P. nigrescens/T. denticola. Although the prevalence of periodontal pathogens is similar in both the groups, the combination of certain periodontal pathogens may be responsible for chronic periodontitis seen in HIV-infected adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Patel
- Division of Oral Microbiology, Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Paula MO, Gaetti-Jardim Júnior E, Avila-Campos MJ. Plasmid profile in oral Fusobacterium nucleatum from humans and Cebus apella monkeys. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2003; 45:5-9. [PMID: 12751315 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652003000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a strict anaerobe and is indigenous of the human oral cavity. This organism is commonly recovered from different monomicrobial and mixed infections in humans and animals. In this study, the plasmid profile, the plasmid stability and the penicillin-resistance association in oral F. nucleatum isolated from periodontal patients, healthy subjects and Cebus apella monkeys were evaluated. Forty-five F. nucleatum strains from patients, 38 from healthy subjects and seven from C. apella were identified and analyzed. Plasmid extraction was performed in all the isolated strains. These elements were found in 26.7% strains from patients and one strain from C. apella. Strains from healthy subjects did not show any plasmid. Most of strains showed two plasmid bands ranging from 4 to 16 Kb, but digestions with endonucleases showed that they belonged to a single plasmid. The plasmid profile was similar and stable in human and monkey strains. Also, plasmids were classified into three groups according to size. Two strains were positive to beta-lactamase production and no plasmid DNA-hybridization with a beta-lactamase gene probe was observed, suggesting a chromosomal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia O Paula
- School of Biology, Centro Universitário Adventista de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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20
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Avila-Campos MJ, Velasquez-Melendez G. Prevalence of putative periodontopathogens from periodontal patients and healthy subjects in Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2002; 44:1-5. [PMID: 11896405 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652002000100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A. actinomycetemcomitans, B. forsythus, P. gingivalis, C. rectus, E. corrodens, P. intermedia, F. nucleatum, and T. denticola were identified from subgingival plaque from 50 periodontal patients and 50 healthy subjects. PCR products from each species showed a specific band and could be used to identify periodontal organisms from clinical specimens. Identical negative or positive results between PCR and culture occurred in 66% (A. actinomycetemcomitans) to 93% (F. nucleatum) of the samples. PCR detection odds ratio values for A. actinomycetemcomitans, B. forsythus, C. rectus, E. corrodens, P. intermedia, and T. denticola were significantly associated with disease having a higher OR values for B. forsythus (2.97, 95% CI 1.88 - 4.70). Cultures showed that A. actinomycetemcomitans, B. forsythus and P. intermedia were associated with periodontitis, however, P. gingivalis, C. rectus, E. corrodens and F. nucleatum were not significantly associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario J Avila-Campos
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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