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Mahmood MK, Kurda HA, Qadir BH, Tassery H, Lan R, Tardivo D, Abdulghafor MA. Implication of serum and salivary albumin tests in the recent oral health related epidemiological studies: A narrative review. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:698-707. [PMID: 38766281 PMCID: PMC11096625 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Albumin is the most abundant protein in human serum and a specific amount of albumin also can be found in the saliva. It has several physiological functions such as blood colloidal osmotic pressure, antioxidant activity, binding and transporting of endogenous and exogenous substrates. We conducted an electronic search across several databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase and Science Direct using the relevant MeSH terms and keywords like "albumin", "serum albumin", "salivary albumin", "oral health" "dental caries" and "epidemiology". Only the epidemiological studies published between 2010 and 2023 were included. After the application of the inclusion criteria, a total of 51 studied were included in this narrative review. Serum and salivary albumin tests have been used in various aspects of oral health as a diagnostic and prognostic factor. Some of the results point out to a pattern of association while some of them are inconclusive and even contradictory. This narrative review discusses the role, significance and impact of albumin in epidemiological oral health related studies including the categories of periodontal health and disease, dental caries, oral function and hypofunction, nutrition and malnutrition, tooth loss and its treatment, diabetes and cancer. In addition, it offers a short manual for the researchers on when, where and how to use albumin tests in planning their study designs whether investigating an association or measure them as a covariate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Khalid Mahmood
- Faculty of Dentistry, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
- College of Dentistry, American University of Iraq, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | | | - Balen Hamid Qadir
- Dentistry Department, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Herve Tassery
- Odontology Department, Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille University, APHM, Marseille, France
- LBN Laboratory, Montpellier, France
| | - Romain Lan
- Odontology Department, Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille University, APHM, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Tardivo
- Odontology Department, Timone Hospital, Aix Marseille University, APHM, CNRS, EFS, ADES, Marseille, France
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Chatterjee S, Rajasekar A. Association Analysis of MMP-13 (rs2252070) Gene Polymorphism and the Susceptibility to Chronic Periodontitis. Cureus 2024; 16:e57426. [PMID: 38699090 PMCID: PMC11063972 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory condition influenced by genetic factors. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, serving as a crucial enzyme involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, is associated with the degradation of periodontal tissues. Therefore, this study assesses the genetic link between the MMP-13 (rs2252070) genetic variation and chronic periodontitis in a Southern Indian demographic. METHODOLOGY The study was conducted at Saveetha Dental College in Chennai, India. It involved a total of 100 subjects, 50 individuals affected with periodontitis (classified as stage II and above, American Association of Periodontology 2018 criteria) and 50 individuals who were periodontally healthy or were diagnosed as having mild gingivitis. We isolated DNA from the blood samples obtained from the participants. Specific primers that flank the BsrI region of the MMP-13 receptor gene were used in the process of DNA amplification. Subsequently, a restriction fragment length analysis using the BsrI enzyme was carried out for genotyping of the amplicon. Based on the restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern, we obtained certain genotypes. These were further recorded and followed by statistical analysis. We conducted a chi-square test to draw a comparison in terms of their genotype and allele frequencies. We calculated the odds ratio, along with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The frequency of genotypes and distribution of MMP-13 polymorphism did not exhibit a statistically significant difference at χ2 degrees of freedom (P = 0.913). We inferred from our study that there was no significant difference between the groups concerning homozygous and heterozygous mutant genotypes (AA vs. AG + GG), with a P-value of 0.6871. The observed frequencies of GG (47% vs. 43%) and AG+AA (41% vs. 42%) genotypes did not indicate a significant difference between the groups. Similarly, there was no noteworthy distinction between the A allele (62% vs. 65%) and G allele (38% vs. 35%) in the case and control groups. CONCLUSION The findings of the study reveal that there is no correlation between MMP-13 (rs2252070) gene polymorphism and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangini Chatterjee
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Arvina Rajasekar
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Mohd-Said S, Mohd-Norwir NA, Ariffin AN, Teo HS, Nik-Azis NM, Rani H, Ramli H, Husain J, Mohd-Dom TN, Hamat A. Validation of a Simplified Digital Periodontal Health Screening Module for General Dental Practitioners. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1916. [PMID: 36292363 PMCID: PMC9601548 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As a silent disease, individuals at risk of periodontitis are not easily identified until the disease has become severe. Early detection at the community level is essential, especially for general dental practitioners. The aim of this study was to design a comprehensive, user-friendly tool to screen patients' periodontal health at community level and to evaluate users' acceptance of its use. The periodontal health screening module was first developed by an expert panel of periodontists, public health specialists and general dentists. The developed module was tested for content acceptance on 156 graduating dental students from three public schools and later validated by 12 private general dental practitioners (GDPs) for reliability. Most of the students (64.1%) found the new module an easy assessment tool for periodontal health compared to the Basic Periodontal Examination (BPE). Most claimed that they understand the contents (80.8%) and accepted the designs (86.6%) and agreed (82.7%) that the new assessment module would allow them to screen patients anytime in the clinic. The interrater reliability as assessed between the GDPs and the investigators revealed acceptable agreement ranging from 62.5-100.0% (mean 89.6 ± 10.2%). The simplified digital periodontal health screening module showed promising acceptance for application in private general dental clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Mohd-Said
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | | | - Ahmad Najmi Ariffin
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Huey Shiuan Teo
- Klinik Pergigian Batu Pahat, Klinik Kesihatan Batu Pahat, Jalan Kluang, Batu Pahat 83000, Malaysia
| | - Nik Madihah Nik-Azis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Haslina Rani
- Department of Family Oral Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Haslinda Ramli
- Department of Periodontology and Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia
| | - Juzaily Husain
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Kulliyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia
| | - Tuti Ningseh Mohd-Dom
- Department of Family Oral Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Afendi Hamat
- Center for Research in Language and Linguistics, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
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Periodontal Care and Treatment Provision by General Dentists in France. Int Dent J 2022; 72:667-673. [PMID: 35422317 PMCID: PMC9485509 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Methods Results Conclusions
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Aleksejūnienė J, Pūrienė A, Rimkervicius A, Amariei C, Oancea R, Porosencova T, Porosencov E, Nikolovska J, Mirnaya E, Serova-Papakul A, Eaton KA. Knowledge, dentist confidence and management of periodontal patients among general dentists from Belarus, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova and Romania. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:47. [PMID: 32041598 PMCID: PMC7011211 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence concerning periodontal practice in Eastern European countries is scarce. The aim of the present study was to investigate periodontal risk knowledge, patient management and self-perceived confidence among General Dentists (GDs) from five Eastern European regarding their provision of periodontal care. METHODS GDs from Belarus, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova and Romania participated in a questionnaire survey. Power calculations were used to identify the sample size for each country. The structured questionnaire included several domains of inquiry. The socio-demographic domain inquired about dentist's age, gender and years of clinical experience. The dental practice domain inquired about practice location, practising or not practising in a group practice and having or not having a periodontist or a dental hygienist in the practice. The distributions of answers across-countries were compared employing one way ANOVA (comparison of means) or Chi square test (comparison of proportions). For each country, the predictors of the study outcomes: a summative knowledge score for periodontal risks and dentist's confidence level were identified employing either linear or logistic multiple regression models. RESULTS The sample comprised 390 Belarussian, 488 Lithuanian, 349 Macedonian, 316 Moldovan, and 401 Romanian GDs. The majority of GDs (~ 80%) practiced in urban areas. Age and gender distributions differed significantly among countries. Significant across-country differences were found regarding working/not working in a group practice, having/not having access to a periodontist/dental hygienist and in proportions of patients receiving periodontal treatments or being referred to specialists. None of Macedonian patients nor the majority of Moldovan patients (78%) were referred to periodontists. There were also significant across-country differences in diagnosis, patient management and periodontal knowledge. Only in the Lithuanian cohort were dentists' confidence levels associated significantly with their knowledge. In all countries, taking a medical history was a consistent and significant predictor of having higher periodontal knowledge score. Except in Belarus, periodontal risk assessment was a significantly consistent predictor of certainty levels associated with the provision of periodontal treatments. CONCLUSIONS There were substantial differences among GDs in the five countries regarding diagnosis, dentist's confidence and management of periodontal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alina Pūrienė
- Medical Faculty, University of Vilnius, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Corneliu Amariei
- Romanian Association of OroDental Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana Oancea
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Tatiana Porosencova
- Faculty of Dentistry, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Nicolae Testemițanu”, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Egor Porosencov
- Faculty of Dentistry, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Nicolae Testemițanu”, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Julijana Nikolovska
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Sts Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Elena Mirnaya
- Dental Faculty, Bellarussian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
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Liebsch C, Pitchika V, Pink C, Samietz S, Kastenmüller G, Artati A, Suhre K, Adamski J, Nauck M, Völzke H, Friedrich N, Kocher T, Holtfreter B, Pietzner M. The Saliva Metabolome in Association to Oral Health Status. J Dent Res 2019; 98:642-651. [PMID: 31026179 DOI: 10.1177/0022034519842853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent oral diseases worldwide and is caused by multifactorial interactions between host and oral bacteria. Altered cellular metabolism of host and microbes releases a number of intermediary end products known as metabolites. There is an increasing interest in identifying metabolites from oral fluids such as saliva to widen the understanding of the complex pathogenesis of periodontitis. It is believed that some metabolites might serve as indicators toward early detection and screening of periodontitis and perhaps even for monitoring its prognosis in the future. Because contemporary periodontal screening methods are deficient, there is an urgent need for novel approaches in periodontal screening procedures. To this end, we associated oral parameters (clinical attachment level, periodontal probing depth, supragingival plaque, supragingival calculus, number of missing teeth, and removable denture) with a large set of salivary metabolites ( n = 284) obtained by mass spectrometry among a subsample ( n = 909) of nondiabetic participants from the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-Trend-0). Linear regression analyses were performed in age-stratified groups and adjusted for potential confounders. A multifaceted image of associated metabolites ( n = 107) was revealed with considerable differences according to age groups. In the young (20 to 39 y) and middle-aged (40 to 59 y) groups, metabolites were predominantly associated with periodontal variables, whereas among the older subjects (≥60 y), tooth loss was strongly associated with metabolite levels. Metabolites associated with periodontal variables were clearly linked to tissue destruction, host defense mechanisms, and bacterial metabolism. Across all age groups, the bacterial metabolite phenylacetate was significantly associated with periodontal variables. Our results revealed alterations of the salivary metabolome in association with age and oral health status. Among our comprehensive panel of metabolites, periodontitis was significantly associated with the bacterial metabolite phenylacetate, a promising substance for further biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liebsch
- 1 Unit of Periodontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - V Pitchika
- 1 Unit of Periodontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - C Pink
- 1 Unit of Periodontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - S Samietz
- 2 Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Gerodontology and Biomaterials, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - G Kastenmüller
- 3 Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - A Artati
- 4 Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - K Suhre
- 3 Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,5 Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - J Adamski
- 4 Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,6 Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.,7 German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - M Nauck
- 8 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,9 DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
| | - H Völzke
- 9 DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany.,10 Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - N Friedrich
- 8 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,9 DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Kocher
- 1 Unit of Periodontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - B Holtfreter
- 1 Unit of Periodontology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dental School, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M Pietzner
- 8 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,9 DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
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Zhang L, Li X, Yan H, Huang L. Salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 as a biomarker for periodontitis: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9642. [PMID: 29504999 PMCID: PMC5779768 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 is currently considered to be one of the most promising biomarkers for early diagnosis of periodontitis, however, several recent studies showed conflicting results. OBJECTIVE To determine the salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 levels between periodontitis patients and healthy individuals, and to assess its diagnostic value in periodontitis. METHODS Literatures were searched on PubMed and Embase databases up to August 2017, for articles reporting salivary MMP-8 levels between periodontitis patients and health controls with the data of means ± standard deviation (SD). Methodological quality was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa scale (NOS). Standard mean differences (SMDs), heterogeneity, and publication bias were assessed by Stata 13.0 software. RESULTS A total of 10 studies including 485 periodontitis patients and 379 healthy controls that met the preset inclusion criteria were included, the qualities of these studies were either good (n = 7) or moderate (n = 3). Eight studies showed salivary MMP-8 levels were higher in periodontitis patients compared with healthy controls (P < .05), while 2 studies showed opposite results (P > .05). The pooled SMD was 1.195 (95% CI: 0.720-1.670), with I of 89.3%, indicating high heterogeneity. Funnel plot showed publication bias existed. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis showed that salivary MMP-8 levels were significantly higher in periodontitis patients compared with healthy controls overall. Due to the heterogeneity and publication bias of included studies, further high quality studies are still needed to verify the conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiue Li
- Department of Nursing, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of VIP Dental Service
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Periodontal screening and referral behaviour of general dental practitioners in Flanders. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1167-1173. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Kong CH, Davis M, Fong K, Abbott PV. General dentists' use of diagnostic equipment and methods. AUST ENDOD J 2017; 43:66-72. [PMID: 28418086 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
An accurate diagnosis is essential for making treatment decisions in dentistry. However, little research is available as to which tests are done routinely and how commonly they are performed. The purpose of this study was to investigate diagnostic methods and equipment used by general dentists in private practice in Perth. The study involved a retrospective audit of 30 patient records from seven individual general dentists working in private practices in the Perth Metropolitan area. De-identification of patient records was done prior to the researchers' visit. Radiographs were the most commonly used diagnostic tool. Percussion was also commonly employed, followed by cold pulp testing and mobility. The most commonly used tests were radiographs, percussion, periodontal probing and visual examination. The frequency of these tests differed depending on whether the patient presented with or without pain, with percussion and cold tests used more frequently when the patient presented with pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hang Kong
- School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle Davis
- School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kathryn Fong
- School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Paul V Abbott
- School of Dentistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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López R, Baelum V. Periodontal disease classifications revisited. Eur J Oral Sci 2015; 123:385-9. [PMID: 26505468 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An American Academy of Periodontology Task Force has recently published a report on the Update to the 1999 Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions, which is a focused update outlining changes to be included in a comprehensive update planned for 2017. We discuss the proposed changes, and their rationales, and conclude that the periodontal classification carousel will continue to spin until it is realized that the only way forward is a profound reconsideration of what we hope to achieve with classifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo López
- Section for Periodontology, Department of Dentistry, HEALTH, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Baelum
- Section for Oral Epidemiology & Public Health, Department of Dentistry, HEALTH, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Forbes G, Rutherford S, Stirling D, Young L, Clarkson J. Current practice and factors influencing the provision of periodontal healthcare in primary dental care in Scotland: an explorative study. Br Dent J 2015; 218:387-91; discussion 391. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2015.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bertoldi C, Lalla M, Pradelli JM, Cortellini P, Lucchi A, Zaffe D. Risk factors and socioeconomic condition effects on periodontal and dental health: A pilot study among adults over fifty years of age. Eur J Dent 2013; 7:336-346. [PMID: 24926214 PMCID: PMC4053623 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.115418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observational studies on the association among systemic/general and oral cavity indices, tooth loss, periodontal conditions, and socioeconomic inequalities are to be still performed in the population of Southern Europe. This study aims to determine the extent of this relationship among Italian healthy adults 50 years of age and above. MATERIALS AND METHODS Socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics, cardiovascular indicators, and systemic indices were examined by contrasting the dental indices among adult people of Northern Italy. Data were processed through correlation analysis, and multivariate analysis was carried out using seemingly unrelated regressions. RESULTS A total of 118 adults 50 years of age and above, after anamnesis, underwent systemic and dental examination. Their socioeconomic status was found to be inversely associated only with smoking and dental parameters. Unexpected outcomes between lifestyle and risk factors were detected. The statistical analysis showed an uneven correlation among dental indices and between those indices and the socioeconomic status, such as, a periodontal condition, apparently free from influences, unusually became worse as the socioeconomic status enhanced. CONCLUSIONS The study outcomes indicate a relationship between tooth loss and conservative endodontic therapy, but they result in alternative choices. Nevertheless, the socioeconomic status has an inverse relationship with tooth loss and conservative endodontic therapy, but a direct relation with worsening of the periodontal condition. This pilot study highlights a need for the public health administration to adopt a socioeconomic assessment not only based on the household income, but also to accordingly improve its therapeutic course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bertoldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Lalla
- Department of Economics, Division of Statistics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Lucchi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Davide Zaffe
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, Section of Human Morphology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Ebersole JL, Schuster JL, Stevens J, Dawson D, Kryscio RJ, Lin Y, Thomas MV, Miller CS. Patterns of salivary analytes provide diagnostic capacity for distinguishing chronic adult periodontitis from health. J Clin Immunol 2013; 33:271-9. [PMID: 22926406 PMCID: PMC3788639 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-012-9771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Salivary biomarker discovery requires identification of analytes with high discriminatory capacity to distinguish disease from health, including day-to-day variations that occur in analyte levels. In this study, seven biomarkers associated with inflammatory and tissue destructive processes of periodontal disease were investigated. In a prospective cohort study design, analyte expression levels were determined in unstimulated whole saliva samples collected on multiple occasions from 30 healthy adults (i.e., orally and systemically) and 50 chronic adult periodontitis patients. Salivary levels of IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-8, and albumin were significantly elevated (5.4 to 12.6X) and levels of IFNα were consistently lower (8.7X) in periodontitis patients compared with the daily variation observed in healthy adults. ROC analyses of IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-8 yielded areas under the curves of 0.963-0.984 for discriminating periodontitis from health. These results demonstrate that levels of salivary bioanalytes of patients who have periodontitis are uniquely different from normal levels found in healthy subjects, and a panel consisting of IL-1β, MMP-8 and IL-6 shows particular diagnostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Ebersole
- Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0297, USA.
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Tingey BT, Clark SH, Humbert LA, Tingey JD, Kummet CM. Use of Intravenous Sedation in Periodontal Practice: A National Survey. J Periodontol 2012; 83:830-5. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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