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Nur-A-Alam M, Nasir MK, Ahsan M, Based MA, Haider J, Kowalski M. Ensemble classification of integrated CT scan datasets in detecting COVID-19 using feature fusion from contourlet transform and CNN. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20063. [PMID: 37973820 PMCID: PMC10654719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47183-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 disease caused by coronavirus is constantly changing due to the emergence of different variants and thousands of people are dying every day worldwide. Early detection of this new form of pulmonary disease can reduce the mortality rate. In this paper, an automated method based on machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) has been developed to detect COVID-19 using computed tomography (CT) scan images extracted from three publicly available datasets (A total of 11,407 images; 7397 COVID-19 images and 4010 normal images). An unsupervised clustering approach that is a modified region-based clustering technique for segmenting COVID-19 CT scan image has been proposed. Furthermore, contourlet transform and convolution neural network (CNN) have been employed to extract features individually from the segmented CT scan images and to fuse them in one feature vector. Binary differential evolution (BDE) approach has been employed as a feature optimization technique to obtain comprehensible features from the fused feature vector. Finally, a ML/DL-based ensemble classifier considering bagging technique has been employed to detect COVID-19 from the CT images. A fivefold and generalization cross-validation techniques have been used for the validation purpose. Classification experiments have also been conducted with several pre-trained models (AlexNet, ResNet50, GoogleNet, VGG16, VGG19) and found that the ensemble classifier technique with fused feature has provided state-of-the-art performance with an accuracy of 99.98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nur-A-Alam
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Mostofa Kamal Nasir
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Mominul Ahsan
- Department of Computer Science, University of York, Deramore Lane, York, YO10 5GH, UK
| | - Md Abdul Based
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Julfikar Haider
- Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester St, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Marcin Kowalski
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, Gen. S. Kaliskiego 2, Warsaw, Poland.
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Lin CH, Hsu PI, Tseng CD, Chao PJ, Wu IT, Ghose S, Shih CA, Lee SH, Ren JH, Shie CB, Lee TF. Application of artificial intelligence in endoscopic image analysis for the diagnosis of a gastric cancer pathogen-Helicobacter pylori infection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13380. [PMID: 37592004 PMCID: PMC10435453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the principal cause of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and gastric cancer. In clinical practice, diagnosis of H. pylori infection by a gastroenterologists' impression of endoscopic images is inaccurate and cannot be used for the management of gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence classification system for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection by pre-processing endoscopic images and machine learning methods. Endoscopic images of the gastric body and antrum from 302 patients receiving endoscopy with confirmation of H. pylori status by a rapid urease test at An Nan Hospital were obtained for the derivation and validation of an artificial intelligence classification system. The H. pylori status was interpreted as positive or negative by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Concurrent Spatial and Channel Squeeze and Excitation (scSE) network, combined with different classification models for deep learning of gastric images. The comprehensive assessment for H. pylori status by scSE-CatBoost classification models for both body and antrum images from same patients achieved an accuracy of 0.90, sensitivity of 1.00, specificity of 0.81, positive predictive value of 0.82, negative predicted value of 1.00, and area under the curve of 0.88. The data suggest that an artificial intelligence classification model using scSE-CatBoost deep learning for gastric endoscopic images can distinguish H. pylori status with good performance and is useful for the survey or diagnosis of H. pylori infection in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsueh Lin
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
- Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
| | - Ping-I Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Dar Tseng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan.
- Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Ju Chao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
- Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
| | - I-Ting Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Supratip Ghose
- Department of Education and Research, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-An Shih
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Antai Medical Care Corporation, Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Donggan, Pingtung County, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Neipu, Pingtung County, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Hao Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
- Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hong Ren
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
- Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Bih Shie
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsair-Fwu Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan.
- Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Construction and validation of web-based nomograms for detecting and prognosticating in prostate adenocarcinoma with bone metastasis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18623. [PMID: 36329203 PMCID: PMC9633700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23275-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis (BM) is one of the most common sites of metastasis in prostate adenocarcinoma (PA). PA with BM can significantly diminish patients' quality of life and result in a poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to establish two web-based nomograms to estimate the risk and prognosis of BM in PA patients. From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, data on 308,332 patients diagnosed with PA were retrieved retrospectively. Logistic and Cox regression, respectively, were used to determine independent risk and prognostic factors. Then, We constructed two web-based nomograms and the results were validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA) , and the Kaplan-Meier analyses. The independent risk factors for BM in PA patients included race, PSA, ISUP, T stage, N stage, brain, liver, lung metastasis, surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. The independent prognostic predictors for overall survival (OS) were age, marital status, PSA, ISUP and liver metastasis. Both nomograms could effectively predict risk and prognosis of BM in PA patients according to the results of ROC curves, calibration, and DCA in the training and validation sets. And the Kaplan-Meier analysis illustrated that the prognostic nomogram could significantly distinguish the population with different survival risks. We successfully constructed the two web-based nomograms for predicting the incidence of BM and the prognosis of PA patients with BM, which may assist clinicians in optimizing the establishment of individualized treatment programs and enhancing patients' prognoses.
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Chitu V, Gökhan Ş, Stanley ER. Modeling CSF-1 receptor deficiency diseases - how close are we? FEBS J 2022; 289:5049-5073. [PMID: 34145972 PMCID: PMC8684558 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The role of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) in macrophage and organismal development has been extensively studied in mouse. Within the last decade, mutations in the CSF1R have been shown to cause rare diseases of both pediatric (Brain Abnormalities, Neurodegeneration, and Dysosteosclerosis, OMIM #618476) and adult (CSF1R-related leukoencephalopathy, OMIM #221820) onset. Here we review the genetics, penetrance, and histopathological features of these diseases and discuss to what extent the animal models of Csf1r deficiency currently available provide systems in which to study the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Chitu
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y. 10461, USA
| | - Şölen Gökhan
- Institute for Brain Disorders and Neural Regeneration, Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y. 10461, USA
| | - E. Richard Stanley
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, N.Y. 10461, USA
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Roy S, Biswas P, Ghosh P. Spatiotemporal tracing of pandemic spread from infection data. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17689. [PMID: 34480062 PMCID: PMC8417268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, a global pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 virus, has claimed millions of lives worldwide. Amid soaring contagion due to newer strains of the virus, it is imperative to design dynamic, spatiotemporal models to contain the spread of infection during future outbreaks of the same or variants of the virus. The reliance on existing prediction and contact tracing approaches on prior knowledge of inter- or intra-zone mobility renders them impracticable. We present a spatiotemporal approach that employs a network inference approach with sliding time windows solely on the date and number of daily infection numbers of zones within a geographical region to generate temporal networks capturing the influence of each zone on another. It helps analyze the spatial interaction among the hotspot or spreader zones and highly affected zones based on the flow of network contagion traffic. We apply the proposed approach to the daily infection counts of New York State as well as the states of USA to show that it effectively measures the phase shifts in the pandemic timeline. It identifies the spreaders and affected zones at different time points and helps infer the trajectory of the pandemic spread across the country. A small set of zones periodically exhibit a very high outflow of contagion traffic over time, suggesting that they act as the key spreaders of infection. Moreover, the strong influence between the majority of non-neighbor regions suggests that the overall spread of infection is a result of the unavoidable long-distance trips by a large number of people as opposed to the shorter trips at a county level, thereby informing future mitigation measures and public policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyaki Roy
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
| | | | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia, USA
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