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An J, Yuan M, Han Y, Liu Y. Nano-immuno-conjugates inspired by hydrophilic perovskite fluorescent spheres and magnetic assisted for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:473. [PMID: 39031251 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06551-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The rampant hepatitis B virus (HBV) seriously endangers human health, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is its early diagnostic marker. Therefore, it is crucial to construct a fast and highly sensitive HBsAg detection method. Based on high-efficiency magnetic separation technology and fluorescent composite material labelling technology, an accurate, fast and sensitive fluorescent immunosensing system for HBsAg detection was developed. Immunomagnetic beads constructed from carboxyl-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4-COOH) with excellent magnetic response performance were used as efficient capture carriers for HBsAg. Immunofluorescence composite microspheres constructed based on ultra-stable polystyrene-coated CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (CPB@PSAA) with high hydrophilic properties, were excellent fluorescent markers for HBsAg. Using this sensitive sandwich fluorescence sensing system a good linear relationship within the range of 0.2-15 ng/mL was established between HBsAg concentration and fluorescence intensity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 ng/mL. The system obtained satisfactory results when tested on real human serum samples. The magnetic-assisted fluorescence immune-sandwich sensor system has broad application prospects in biomedicine such as rapid and early diagnosis and effective prevention of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia An
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Mengdi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Center for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yaqin Han
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Center for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Center for Intelligent Sensing Technology, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, SA1 8EN, UK.
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Chen J, Wang F, Li J, Zuo Q, Wu D, Xiao C. Clinical trial and performance evaluation of the Wantai HBsAg (CMIA) diagnostic kit for screening blood donors in China. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1891. [PMID: 38307913 PMCID: PMC10837135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51910-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In China, according to the 'Technical Operating Procedures for Blood Stations (2019 Edition),' blood stations are authorized to utilize Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) to detect pathogen markers linked with transfusion-transmissible infections. However, currently, there is no approved CLIA reagent for the screening of blood-borne diseases in China, specifically for the detection of Hepatitis B surface antigen. The objective of this research project is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of the Wantai Chemiluminescent Microparticle Hepatitis B surface antigen reagent. This study evaluates the performance of the Wantai Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA) on the Wan200 + analyzer in screening for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) in blood samples. The clinical trial component of this evaluation is included as part of the documentation submitted to the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China for the approval of blood screening reagents. The evaluation plan of this study encompasses two main components: clinical trials and performance assessment. We adopted a controlled trial design, utilizing the WanTai Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA) on the Wan200 + analyzer and the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to screen for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) in routine blood donor samples and reference serum panel samples. To ensure the accuracy of the screening, we additionally employed Abbott's ELISA reagents and HBV DNA for validation. The assessment primarily focused on key performance indicators such as sensitivity, specificity, and analytical sensitivity. Moreover, this clinical trial data has been included as part of the submission to China's National Medical Products Administration (NMPA). In the clinical trials of this study, a total of 10,470 blood donor samples underwent simultaneous testing using both CMIA and ELISA methods. Across two clinical trials, there was remarkable concordance between CMIA and the two ELISA reagents, with Kappa values exceeding 0.82. Among the 269 samples that were double-reactive in the enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) tests, CMIA exhibited a 100% reactivity detection rate. However, CMIA produced 14 and 6 false-positive results in the respective clinical trials, resulting in specificities of 99.73% and 99.89%. In contrast, the specificities for Wantai ELISA and Xin Chuang ELISA were both greater than 99.94%.When testing samples in the gray zone serum plates, CMIA's detection limit significantly exceeded that of the two ELISA assays. CMIA had a detection cutoff of 0.05 IU/mL, while the two ELISA reagents had cutoffs of 0.1 IU/mL and 0.09 IU/mL, respectively. CMIA's detection limits for the adr and adw subtypes were 0.05 IU/mL, and for the ay subtype, it was 0.1 U/mL. The detection limit for 10 HBV mutant samples was 0.5 U/mL. In 165 cases where ELISA tested negative but HBV DNA tested positive, CMIA detected 5 HBsAg-positive samples. This study evaluated the performance of the Wantai CMIA in screening for HBsAg among blood donors. The results demonstrate outstanding performance of CMIA in both clinical trials and performance assessments, detecting all true positive samples with a sensitivity of 100%. It exhibits excellent concordance with the two ELISA assays. Of particular note is its superiority in early detection of HBsAg in the screening of early-stage hepatitis B infections, reducing the window period compared to ELISA. CMIA achieves a specificity exceeding 99.73% for negative blood donors, aligning with the European Union's standards for blood screening assay specificity. In summary, Wantai's CMIA displays high sensitivity and specificity in blood donor screening, making it suitable for screening blood donors in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Chen
- Shandong Blood Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Fengtian Wang
- Shandong Blood Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaxing Li
- Shandong Blood Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Zuo
- Shandong Blood Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Dandan Wu
- Shandong Blood Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Xiao
- Shandong Blood Center, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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Chung GE, Kim JY, Shin H, Hong JH, Hur MH, Cho H, Park MK, Choi NR, Kim J, Lee YB, Cho EJ, Yu SJ, Kim YJ, Yoon JH, Lee JH. Correlation between Results of Semi-Quantitative and Quantitative Tests for Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen among Patients Achieving Viral Suppression with Antiviral Treatment. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071757. [PMID: 35885659 PMCID: PMC9317496 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a threat to global public health. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been used in screening for HBV infection. Quantitative HBsAg assays are useful for monitoring the natural history of HBV infection and its response to therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between quantitative (qHBsAg; IU/mL) and semi-quantitative (sqHBsAg; signal-to-cutoff ratio [S/Co]) HBsAg titers in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods: We retrospectively included 284 samples with HBV DNA < 20 IU/mL from patients who had simultaneous qHBsAg (using electrochemiluminescence assay) and sqHBsAg tests. Patients were grouped according to their serum HBV-envelope antigen (HBeAg) status (HBeAg-negative, n = 239 and HBeAg-positive, n = 45). The Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between the quantitative and semi-quantitative assays. Results: There was a significant linear correlation between sqHBsAg and qHBsAg in the HBeAg-negative patients (qHBsAg [IU/mL] = 0.0094 × sqHBsAg [S/Co]1.323; adjusted R2 = 0.8445; p < 0.001). There was a substantial hook effect in the assays from the HBeAg-positive patients, so we performed a stratified analysis according to qHBsAg <1000 IU/mL or ≥1000 IU/mL and found a significant positive linear correlation between sqHBsAg S/Co and qHBsAg (qHBsAg [IU/mL] = 0.072 × sqHBsAg [S/Co]1.331; adjusted R2 = 0.7878; p < 0.001) in HBeAg-positive patients with qHBsAg titers of <1000 IU/mL and a significant negative correlation in HBeAg-positive patients with qHBsAg titers of ≥1000 IU/mL (qHBsAg [IU/mL] = 8.987 × 1014 × sqHBsAg [S/Co]−3.175; adjusted R2 = 0.6350; p < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a highly linear, positive correlation between qHBsAg and sqHBsAg in HBeAg-negative CHB patients. The hook effect led to a negative correlation in HBeAg-positive CHB patients with qHBsAg titers ≥1000 IU/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goh Eun Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Gangnam Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Hyunjae Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Ji Hoon Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Moon Haeng Hur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Heejin Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Min Kyung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Na Ryung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Yun Bin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Su Jong Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Yoon Jun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Jung-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.Y.K.); (H.S.); (J.H.H.); (M.H.H.); (H.C.); (M.K.P.); (N.R.C.); (J.K.); (Y.B.L.); (E.J.C.); (S.J.Y.); (Y.J.K.); (J.-H.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2072-2228
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Tan X, Zhang B, Zheng L, Shi H, Liu D, Sun Y, Li X, Li H. Performance evaluation of a laboratory-developed light-initiated chemiluminescence assay for quantification of egg white-specific IgE. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24544. [PMID: 35708142 PMCID: PMC9279973 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Specific IgE (sIgE) testing has become one of the most important tools for diagnosing IgE‐mediated food allergy. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dot‐enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (Dot‐ELISA) have been used to measure sIgE in clinical widely. Light‐initiated chemiluminescence assay (LICA) is a new method for measuring allergen‐sIgE. We aimed to establish a LICA method for quantitative detection of egg white‐sIgE and evaluate its performances. Methods The best chemibeads coupling method in detecting egg white‐sIgE was selected, and a LICA method for quantitative detection of egg white‐sIgE was established. The precision study was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP5‐A2. Detection capability which contains limit of blank (LoB), limit of detection (LoD), and limit of quantitation (LoQ) was evaluated according to National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (NHC) WS/T 514–2017. Linear range was evaluated according to CLSI EP6‐A. All data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results Precision contains repeatability and intermediate precision. The CV of repeatability ranged from 2.72% to 7.29%, and the CV of intermediate precision ranged from 4.93% to 8.64%. The LoB, LoD, and LoQ of the assay were 0.000 kUA/L, 0.053 kUA/L, and 0.076 kUA/L. The assay linear range was 0.076–34.125 kUA/L (r = 0.9979 ≥ 0.9900). Conclusion This laboratory‐developed LICA method can detect egg white‐sIgE, and performance meets clinical requirements. This method shows rapid turnaround cycles and high sensitivity. It can be used as an alternative method for clinical detection of egg white‐sIgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tan
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lisheng Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbin Shi
- Precision Medicine Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanmin Sun
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiqiang Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Zhang B, Guo M, Zhang T, Liu D, Tan X, Li X, Yu Y, Li H. A new method for broadening the detection range of immunoassay and its application in β-hCG quantitative detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1515-1522. [PMID: 35348568 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00220e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Early pregnancy prediction requires very high β-hCG detection sensitivity, while embryonic development monitoring and trophoblastic disease detection require a wider detection range. In this study, based on light-initiated chemiluminescence assay (LICA), one high-affinity mAb and one low-affinity mAb were selected and coated on chemibeads with a larger coating area in different ratios to immobilize the antibodies. The two immobilized mAbs were mixed with different concentrations to detect β-hCG. When the high-affinity mAb-coated chemibeads and low-affinity mAb-coated chemibeads were used at working concentrations of 0.100 mg mL-1 and 0.014 mg mL-1, respectively, the sensitivity and detection range were maximized. The assay was precise for measuring β-hCG with repeatability and intermediate precision of <5% CV. The assay has a high sensitivity with a limit of quantification (LoQ) of 0.49 IU L-1, which is lower than that of most β-hCG detection kits. Over the range of 1 IU L-1 to 16 000 IU L-1, the assay had a proper linearity (r = 0.9995). No false negative results due to the hook effect were observed at β-hCG concentrations up to 225 000 IU L-1. The assay showed a good correlation with the Abbott assay (r = 0.9910). LICA combined with immobilized mAbs with different affinities ensures the sensitivity of β-hCG detection and broadens the detection range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Miao Guo
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Tianjie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
| | - Huiqiang Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300203, China.
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Chen K, Wu D, Gao M, Yan Y, Li H. Performance characteristics of the light-initiated chemiluminescent assay for quantitative determination of progesterone. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1411. [PMID: 34733963 PMCID: PMC8506739 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background To study the performance of quantitative determination of progesterone by light-initiated chemiluminescent assay (LICA). Methods Clinical samples of serum were used for detection of progesterone by LICA. The precision study was performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP15-A3, the linear range validation was performed according to CLSI EP06-A, accuracy was evaluated according to CLSI EP9-A3, and the performance of detection capability was confirmed according to CLSI EP17-A2. All data were analyzed using SPSS software. Function regression analysis was performed by OriginPro software. Results The LICA-800 system exhibited low coefficients of variation (CVs) and high reproducibility, and the calculated synthetic CV was 2.16%. The access progesterone assay showed excellent linearity in the assay measuring range (0.37–40 ng/mL) using the polynomial regression method in accordance with CLSI EP06-A. Bias assessment was used to verify accuracy, and the percentage deviation met the quality requirements of the laboratory’s allowable deviation of 10.00%. In terms of the detection capability of LICA, the calculated limit of blank (LoB) was 0.046 ng/mL, limit of detection (LoD) was 0.057 ng/mL, and the limit of quantitation (LoQ) value was 0.161 ng/mL. Conclusions The competitive LICA provided a highly sensitive, accurate and precise method for measuring serum progesterone level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengdan Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongfeng Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiqiang Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Wang M, Yu SH, Han ZZ. The utility of grey zone testing in improving blood safety. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:9771-9777. [PMID: 34540108 PMCID: PMC8430061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECT Transfusion-transmitted infections threaten blood safety. The management of samples with weak reactivity is confusing. Our study aimed to investigate the utility of grey zone (GZ) testing in the screening of the hepatitis B virus (HBV), the hepatitis C virus (HCV), and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS Chemiluminescence assays (CLA) were used for the blood screening. For each infectious marker, two CLA kits were used, but for each sample, only one kit was used for each infectious marker. An S/CO ≥ 8.0 was considered reactive, and an S/CO < 0.8 was considered non-reactive. A 0.8 ≤ S/CO < 1.0 was set as GZ1, a 1.0, ≤ S/CO < 4.0 was set as GZ2, and a 4.0 ≤ S/CO < 8.0 was set as GZ3. The samples located at different GZs were separately verified using nucleic acid testing (NAT). RESULTS 22,081 patients requiring blood transfusions were included in this study. The cohort had an average age of 32.6 ± 10.6 years old. HBV test kit B (0.41% reactivity and 0.58% GZ rate) was more sensitive than kit A (0.28% reactivity and 0.43% GZ rate). HCV test kit A (0.29% reactivity and 0.57% GZ rate) was more sensitive than kit B (0.27% reactivity and 0.31% GZ rate). HIV test kit A (0.10% reactivity and 0.20% GZ rate) was more sensitive than kit B (0.08% reactivity and 0.11% GZ rate). All the samples in GZ1 were negative for NAT. HBV test kit A has negativities of 20.00% and 4.35% in GZ2 and GZ3, respectively, while HBV test kit B has negativities of 36.84% and 35.48% in GZ2 and GZ3, respectively. HCV test kit A has negativities of 100.00% and 66.67% in GZ2 and GZ3, respectively, while HCV test kit B has negativities of 72.73% and 27.78% in GZ2 and GZ3, respectively. HIV test kit A has negativities of 100.00% and 88.24% in GZ2 and GZ3, respectively, while HCV test kit B has negativities of 100.00% and 50.00% in GZ2 and GZ3, respectively. CONCLUSION The GZ is useful in blood screening for HBV, HCV, and HIV. A test kit with a high sensitivity has a low specificity. Different test kits should be set with different GZs based on their sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Blood Transfusion Department, Hanchuan People's Hospital Hanchuan 431600, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Blood Transfusion Department, Hanchuan People's Hospital Hanchuan 431600, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zong-Zheng Han
- Blood Transfusion Department, Hanchuan People's Hospital Hanchuan 431600, Hubei Province, China
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Zhang B, Liu D, Zheng L, Tan X, Yu Y, Zhang J, Li X, Li H. A light-initiated chemiluminescent assay for the detection of children's milk protein-specific IgE with excellent ability to avoid interference of specific IgG. J Immunol Methods 2021; 497:113110. [PMID: 34332973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The detection of allergen-specific IgE is of value for the diagnosis of children's milk allergy. However, its accuracy will interfere with the presence of high levels of specific IgG in the serum of children with milk allergy. To solve this problem, we established a light-initiated chemiluminescent assay (LICA) based on nanomicrospheres, which neutralized the interference of specific IgG by increasing the amount of antigen coated on the microspheres. The ability of this method to resist IgG interference was confirmed by adding extra specific IgG to the serum of allergic patients. Finally, the positive rate of allergen-specific IgE was increased to 85%, which was better than the indirect ELISA (70%), indicating that this method has certain advantages for the detection of specific IgE in children with milk allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lisheng Zheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Tan
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Huiqiang Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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